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2001

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Articles 511 - 540 of 2764

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Coulostatic Method For Evaluating Corrosion In Reinforced Concrete, Yong-Tao Zhao, Jian-Hua Wu, Chang-Jiu Zhao Aug 2001

The Coulostatic Method For Evaluating Corrosion In Reinforced Concrete, Yong-Tao Zhao, Jian-Hua Wu, Chang-Jiu Zhao

Journal of Electrochemistry

In the present paper, the application of the coulostatic method to the corrosion of steel in concrete was reviewed. By comparing with other electrochemical techniques, the results obtained in the previous work reveal that the coulostatic method is an interesting alternative to the usual procedures for estimation of corrosion rate, and is better than them in some respects. The main advantages are as follows. The signal to be used can be instantaneous and as small as desired, so the electrode is minimally perturted during the measuring process. In addition, it is as rapid and quantitative, and at least as reliable …

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Characterization And Electrochemical Investigation Of Boron-Doped Mesocarbon Microbeads Anode Materials For Lithium-Ion Battery, Mao-Hui Chen, Guo-Tao Wu, Guang-Ming Zhu, Jin-Kua You, Zu-Geng Lin Aug 2001

Characterization And Electrochemical Investigation Of Boron-Doped Mesocarbon Microbeads Anode Materials For Lithium-Ion Battery, Mao-Hui Chen, Guo-Tao Wu, Guang-Ming Zhu, Jin-Kua You, Zu-Geng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

The anodic performances of boron doped and undoped mesocarbon microbeads(MCMBs) were comparatively studied and the structures were characterized by XPS, SEM, XRD and electrochemical measurements. It was found that boron doping samples greatly increased the degree of graphitization and the crystallite size, leading to quite different morphology. Electrochemical discharge/charge cycle tests indicate that lithium intercalation occurred at a little higher potential for the boron doped MCMBs, being attended by greater irreversible capacity loss.

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Microstructure And Electrochemical Properties Of The Melt-Spinning Zr0.9Ti0.1(Ni, Co, Mn, V)2.1 Alloy, Ming-Fen Wen, Yu-Chun Zhai, Lian Chen, Min Tong, Hua Zhen, Rong-Jun Ma Aug 2001

Microstructure And Electrochemical Properties Of The Melt-Spinning Zr0.9Ti0.1(Ni, Co, Mn, V)2.1 Alloy, Ming-Fen Wen, Yu-Chun Zhai, Lian Chen, Min Tong, Hua Zhen, Rong-Jun Ma

Journal of Electrochemistry

The microstructure and electrochemical properties of Zr0.9Ti0.1(Ni,Co,Mn,V)2.1 alloys prepared by both the melt-spinning method and the conventional induction melting were investigated. XRD studies show that Zr0.9Ti 0.1(Ni,Co,Mn,V)2.1 alloys at as-cast, melt-spinning and annealing are all face center cubic structure with C15 laves phase, the higher the melt-spinning rate, the more the amorphous content. The electrochemical measurements show that melt-spinning alloys have better active behavior, low discharge capacity (< 280 mAh/g); but after annealed, the alloys are activated completely with 30 cycles, the capacities about 340 mAh/g are higher than those of as-cast and melt-spinning alloys; the annealec alloys have a better cycle stability than that of as-cast alloy, and the higher the melt-spinning rate is, the more stable the alloy becomes; at 300 mAh/g current density, the capacity of annealed 40 m/s alloy is up to 85% of the maximum capacity after 800 cycles, the capacity decay rate is about 6.9%.

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The Dissolution Of Perfluorinated Proton Exchange Membrane And The Analysis On The Performance Of The Recast Membrane, Hong-Feng Xu, Xi-Qiang Yan, Xuan Li, Li Wan Aug 2001

The Dissolution Of Perfluorinated Proton Exchange Membrane And The Analysis On The Performance Of The Recast Membrane, Hong-Feng Xu, Xi-Qiang Yan, Xuan Li, Li Wan

Journal of Electrochemistry

Perfluorinated resin solution is useful in proton exchange membrane fuel cell. At 270～280 ℃ and protected with N2, the proton exchange membrane(Nafion 115) was dissolved in the dimethyl sulfoxide, and two kinds of membrane solutions were obtained. With those solutions, a recast membrane was prepared. The exchange capacity, rate of water content and conductivity of the recast membrane were measured. The results show that the properties of the recast membrane are lower than those of its mother membrane. This may be caused by that some sulfonic acid groups were destroyed in the dissolving process.

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In Situ Ftir Reflection Spectroscopy Of Bioelectrode, Sa-Ying Dong, Guang-Yu Zhao, Yuzhu Gao, Guang-Zhang Chen, Ming-Xiang Lv Aug 2001

In Situ Ftir Reflection Spectroscopy Of Bioelectrode, Sa-Ying Dong, Guang-Yu Zhao, Yuzhu Gao, Guang-Zhang Chen, Ming-Xiang Lv

Journal of Electrochemistry

In situ FTIR reflection spectroscopy was used to study mediated enzyme electrode and immunoelectrode. We determined and analyzed IR characteristic spectra of GOD and glucose by the use of potential difference spectra and single beam subtractive spectra. At last, we explored the IR absorption characters of enzyme-immunoelectrode.

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Codeposition And Corrosion Resistance Of Nickel-Cerium-Phosphorus Amorphous Alloys, Jiang Liu, Xiong Jiang, Lin-Cai Jiang, Ze-Shan Zhu Aug 2001

Codeposition And Corrosion Resistance Of Nickel-Cerium-Phosphorus Amorphous Alloys, Jiang Liu, Xiong Jiang, Lin-Cai Jiang, Ze-Shan Zhu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The possibility of electrodeposition of rare earth alloys from aqueous bath was investigated using varous techniques such as linear potential sweeping, cyclic voltammetry, electrodepositon at constant potential etc. The Ni-Ce-P alloys with different cerium content were electrodeposited from a weakly acidic solution containing CeCl3, NaH2PO2 and so on the crystal structure and component were characterized by XPS, AES, XRD and SEM observation. The codeposits were found to be more highly corrosion resistent than that of Ni-P amorphous alloys by measuring polarization resistance and corrosion potential. The effects of codeposition conditions on the corrosion resistance were …

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Determination Of Hydrogen Diffusion Coefficient In Metal Hydride Electrode With Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Xian-Xia Yuan, Nai-Xin Xu Aug 2001

Determination Of Hydrogen Diffusion Coefficient In Metal Hydride Electrode With Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy, Xian-Xia Yuan, Nai-Xin Xu

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy was employed to determine the hydrogen diffusion coefficient in MlNi 3.75Co 0.65 Mn0.4Al0.2 metal hydride electrode with various states of charge (SOC) at room temperature and with 50% SOC at various temperatures. It was found that hydrogen diffusion coefficient in this electrode decreases with the increase in SOC at ambient temperature, and for the electrode with 50% SOC, hydrogen diffusion coefficient increases with the increase of temperature and the activation energy for hydrogen diffusion in it is 35 kJ/mol.

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Study Of Cathodic Protection For Underground Structures At Gas Station, Jiunn-Shyong Luo, Yin-Chieh Chang, Jun-Chou Oung, Wen-Chih Yang Aug 2001

Study Of Cathodic Protection For Underground Structures At Gas Station, Jiunn-Shyong Luo, Yin-Chieh Chang, Jun-Chou Oung, Wen-Chih Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

Underground structures in gas station include storage tanks, transportation pipelines, and rebar inconcrete. If rebar contacted with tanks or pipelines, effects of cathodic protection will be interfered. Present study was focused upon the effectiveness of impressed current cathodic protection for underground structures at gas station as rebar contacted with/or without tanks and pipelines. It was founded that the -850 mV criterion could not be applied to evaluate effectiveness of cathodic protection systems in gas station. Quantity of polarization of protected structures should be calculated and evaluated.

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Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study On A3 Steel In Anti-Corrosive Pigment Extract Solution, Zhi-Jun Gu, Yong-Gui Liao, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Qi-Long Guo, Fang-Teng Su, Wen-Yun Hu, Yan-Zhen Chen Aug 2001

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Study On A3 Steel In Anti-Corrosive Pigment Extract Solution, Zhi-Jun Gu, Yong-Gui Liao, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Qi-Long Guo, Fang-Teng Su, Wen-Yun Hu, Yan-Zhen Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The corrosion behaviors of A3 steel in different pH, 3.5%NaCl, modified zinc phosphate and aluminum triphosphate extract solutions have been studied by EIS. Results show:(a) The resistance increases with the increase of pH value under the same circumstances, but the capacity is the reverse. (b) Zinc phosphate, because of its low solubility, shows no inhibitive performance for A3 steel in 3.5% NaCl extract solutions. (c) Aluminum triphosphate has good inhibitive performance for A3 steel in 3.5% NaCl extract solutions at a pH of 6, probably because the triphosphate ion can complex with the corrosion-product, such as ferric …

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Studies On The Electrochemical Properties Of Phosphate Derivatives Of C60, Ying Liu, Li Ding, Lou-Zhen Fan, Fu-Yong Cheng, Zhong-Da Wu Aug 2001

Studies On The Electrochemical Properties Of Phosphate Derivatives Of C60, Ying Liu, Li Ding, Lou-Zhen Fan, Fu-Yong Cheng, Zhong-Da Wu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The phosphorus chemistry of fullerene was investigated for the first time. We have synthesised three novel phosphate derivatives of C60. Their electrochemical properties were detected by cyclic voltammetry (CV). The influence of different substituents on the electron-accepting ability of methanofullerenes was also observed by the comparative study on the electrochemical properties of different C60 derivertives.

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Simultaneous Projectile And Target Ionization In He⁺ + Ne Collisions, J. Fiol, Ronald E. Olson, A. C.F. Santos, G. M. Sigaud, E. C. Montenegro Aug 2001

Simultaneous Projectile And Target Ionization In He⁺ + Ne Collisions, J. Fiol, Ronald E. Olson, A. C.F. Santos, G. M. Sigaud, E. C. Montenegro

Physics Faculty Research & Creative Works

Cross sections for single and multiple ionization of the target atom with simultaneous ionization of the projectile have been measured for 1-4 MeV collisions of He+ with Ne. The observations are interpreted using the n-body classical trajectory Monte Carlo method. The 11-body calculations include the L-shell electrons of the Ne and the K-shell electron on the He+. In this model, each electron interacts with both nuclei and with all the electrons belonging to the other centre. For single ionization from both centres, it is found that the dynamical electron-electron (e-e) interaction produces a clear signature in the …

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Charge/Discharge Characteristics And Structural Changing Of Spherical β-Ni(Oh)2 Prepared From Different Nickel Salt, Shu-Ting Yang, Yan-Hong Yin, Hong-Jun Chen, Jun-Hua Jia, Ming-Chum Zhang, Li Ding Aug 2001

Charge/Discharge Characteristics And Structural Changing Of Spherical β-Ni(Oh)2 Prepared From Different Nickel Salt, Shu-Ting Yang, Yan-Hong Yin, Hong-Jun Chen, Jun-Hua Jia, Ming-Chum Zhang, Li Ding

Journal of Electrochemistry

Spherical β-Ni(OH)2 was prepared from different nickel salt by homogeneous complexing precipitation method. Its charge/discharge and cyclic voltammetry properties were studied. The authors found that there are many differences in the electrochemical properties of the prepared Ni(OH)2.The specific capacity, cycling life and the discharging plateau of the material prepared from NiSO4 were superior to those of the material prepared from Ni(NO3)2. The reasons of the differences were analyzed by XRD and FTIR measurements, which will become abasis for the selection of raw materials.

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The Influence Of Membrane Resistance On The Electrochemical Behavior Of Gold Electrode Modified By Self-Assembled Monolayer, Xiao-Li Cui, Zhi-Yu Jiang Aug 2001

The Influence Of Membrane Resistance On The Electrochemical Behavior Of Gold Electrode Modified By Self-Assembled Monolayer, Xiao-Li Cui, Zhi-Yu Jiang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical behavior of gold electrode modified by hexadecanethiol self-assembled monolayer (SAM) in the solution of Fe(CN)63-/Fe(CN)64- was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and ac impedance spectroscopy. The pinhole-free SAM-modified gold electrode has excellent blocking properties to the interfacial electron transfer from redox couple in solution to the substrate. The current increased exponentially with the overpotential at the high potential region. A good linear relationship between ln(I/η) and η1/2 was observed. A model system Au/SAM/Hg was constructed and its I～V curve was measured. Similar phenomena were observed. There was also a linear relationship between ln(I/V) …

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The Activation Mechanism Of Al Alloys With Tin And Gallium In Alkaline Electrolytes, Zhen-Ya Li, Ling Yi, Zhi-Hui Liu, Lin Yang, Jing-Xin Su, Yan-Ying Chen Aug 2001

The Activation Mechanism Of Al Alloys With Tin And Gallium In Alkaline Electrolytes, Zhen-Ya Li, Ling Yi, Zhi-Hui Liu, Lin Yang, Jing-Xin Su, Yan-Ying Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The major reason for Al-anode's activation is that Ga and Sn deposit on the aluminum surface and form activated points. The Al-Sn and Al-Ga binary alloys can't be activated in alkaline medium. During the dissolution of the Al-Sn-Ga ternary anode, Sn and Ga dissolve into the solution and transform into ions. After the Sn ions deposit on the surface of Al-anode, the Ga ions will deposit on Sn. The higher activation of the polynary alloy anode is caused by much more new activated points composed of Ga-Sn alloy being continually formed. Ga- Sn alloy with low melting point deposited on …

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Management Of Bird And Other Wildlife Hazards At Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu, Nepal, Bashanta Kumar Upadhyaya, Richard A. Dolbeer Aug 2001

Management Of Bird And Other Wildlife Hazards At Tribhuvan International Airport, Kathmandu, Nepal, Bashanta Kumar Upadhyaya, Richard A. Dolbeer

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Tribhuvan International Airport (TIA), the only international airport in the Himalayan Kingdom of Nepal, is geographically situated in the middle of the country at an elevation of 4,390 feet (AMSL) in a valley surrounded by hills. The airport was in an isolated area at the time of its establishment in 1949, but now is in the middle of dense human settlement and local market places. The polluted rivers on either side of runway, un-scientific municipal solid waste management, and emergence of earthworms near the runway and taxiways after monsoon rains in late summer are some of the bird attractants. Birds …

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Bird Control On Landfill Sites– Is There Still A Hazard To Your Aircraft?, Andy Baxter Aug 2001

Bird Control On Landfill Sites– Is There Still A Hazard To Your Aircraft?, Andy Baxter

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Birds attracted to domestic waste landfill sites situated close to airfields may represent a significant flight safety hazard. Local planning controls may be used to prevent the establishment of such sites or to enforce bird control measures as part of site management plans. Different bird control techniques may have different levels of effectiveness and little consideration is given to the period of time (Dawn to dusk or operational hours), over which they are applied. CSL is currently undertaking a four year study to evaluate bird control techniques on landfill sites in the UK. The following paper shows how bird control …

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Effectiveness Of Gas Cannons On The Bird Community At Sydney Airport, Aimee Hutchinson Aug 2001

Effectiveness Of Gas Cannons On The Bird Community At Sydney Airport, Aimee Hutchinson

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Bird control takes many forms and can include the use of gas cannons to scare birds away from noncompatible land uses such as airports. Birds Australia designed and implemented this study to assess the effectiveness of the Gas Cannon as a bird deterrent at Sydney Airport. The cannons were used in two ways: statically (set up at one location) and opportunistically (transported to a particular location in response to bird events, such as birds congregating on runways). Effectiveness was measured quantitatively during the static trial by comparing the number of birds in the vicinity of the cannons, during pre-treatment and …

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Wildlife Management Training – What Are You Doing?, John E. Ostrom Aug 2001

Wildlife Management Training – What Are You Doing?, John E. Ostrom

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

With the variety of wildlife tools in use by airports, there comes a need for training. The Minneapolis-St. Paul International Airport (MSP) has developed an extensive training program for those staff members involved in wildlife management activities. This training program provides the necessary foundation for an effective wildlife management program and addresses hands-on as well as legal liability issues.

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Development Of A Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard Program At Langley Afb, Virginia., Ted Sprague (Maj.), Stephen Kendrot Aug 2001

Development Of A Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard Program At Langley Afb, Virginia., Ted Sprague (Maj.), Stephen Kendrot

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Bird and other wildlife collisions with aircraft are frequently expensive and sometimes tragic. Each year, the US Air Force (USAF) reports an average of 2772 aircraft/bird strikes costing over 35 million dollars annually. Since 1985, 17 USAF planes have been destroyed and 32 airmen have lost their lives. Accordingly, the USAF invests heavily in preventing bird strikes and requires all Air Force bases to create a Bird Aircraft Strike Hazard (BASH) plan. The BASH plan is tailored to each base and identifies key wildlife hazards, tasks required to mitigate hazards and personnel to oversee and implement the plan. The installation’s …

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Seasonality Of Bird Strikes: Towards A Behavioural Explanation, T. C. Kelly, R. Bolger, M. J. A. O'Callaghan, P. D. Bourke Aug 2001

Seasonality Of Bird Strikes: Towards A Behavioural Explanation, T. C. Kelly, R. Bolger, M. J. A. O'Callaghan, P. D. Bourke

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

It is well known that, at least in the Northern Hemisphere, there is a strong seasonal element in the annual pattern of bird strikes. This study undertakes a statistical analysis of an 11year data set collected at Dublin Airport, Ireland. It attempts to identify statistically significant trends in the seasonal trajectories of bird strikes, both in general and in respect of individual species and in comparison with seasonal trends in the abundance of birds generally and at Dublin Airport in particular. Hypotheses relating to the idea of “open” (i.e. intervals of through-put of naïve and young birds) and “closed” (i.e. …

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Bird Strike Risk Forecasting: A Modelling Approach, Wilhelm Ruhe Aug 2001

Bird Strike Risk Forecasting: A Modelling Approach, Wilhelm Ruhe

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

The German Military Geophysical Office (GMGO) issues BIRDTAM (Bird Warning to Airman) on the basis of current bird observations in order to reduce bird strike danger during low-level military missions. BIRDTAM force pilots to avoid or leave airspaces with high bird densities at the specific time period, therefore reducing bird strike danger significantly. However, BIRDTAM are depending on the actual observation of bird movements, are issued often unexpectedly, disturb the flight missions and can only display the risk situation with a validity of about 2 or 4 hours in advance. In order to be aware of possible bird related restrictions …

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Elmendorf Afb Bash Program, Robert J. Hahn , Capt, Usaf Aug 2001

Elmendorf Afb Bash Program, Robert J. Hahn , Capt, Usaf

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Elmendorf AFB, located in Anchorage, Alaska, is home to over 60 aircraft to include F-15s, C-130’s, E- 3’s, C-12s, and Army Citations. In addition, it’s a major hub for both military and contract strategic airlift enroute to the Pacific. The large airspace training areas make Alaska an ideal environment suitable for large scale flying exercises. The result is several different types of aircraft from military sister services and foreign countries based out of Elmendorf throughout the year. Overlay the tremendous volume of air traffic on the huge numbers of birds in a confined area and your bound to have collision …

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Counting Bird Strikes: Old Science Or New Math?, Gary F. Searing Aug 2001

Counting Bird Strikes: Old Science Or New Math?, Gary F. Searing

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Airports use bird strike statistics to determine whether or not their bird control programs are necessary and effective. For example, each year Transport Canada publishes the number of bird strikes at Canadian airports and analyzes data from airports with the most strikes. While we often relate the number of strikes to the number of aircraft movements, we seldom relate the number of strikes to the hazardous species of birds. Richard Dolbeer and his co-authors (2000) ranked species according to their hazards to aviation based on the risk of damage or effect on flight they pose. I present a method for …

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Factors Influencing The Incidence Of Bird-Strikes At Melbourne Airport, 1986-2000, W. K. Steele Aug 2001

Factors Influencing The Incidence Of Bird-Strikes At Melbourne Airport, 1986-2000, W. K. Steele

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

The results of 149 surveys of bird species’ distribution and abundance at Melbourne Airport between January 1997 and June 2000, together with local weather information and bird-strike data were used to assess the comparative importance of a number of variables affecting the incidence of bird-strikes at the airport. At least 36 bird and bat species were involved in ‘bird-strikes’ at Melbourne Airport between 1986 and 2000, although only 11 species were involved in 10 or more incidents. The Australian Magpie (Gymnorhina tibicen) presents the greatest threat of bird-strikes at Melbourne. Bird abundance and activity are important factors in determining the …

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The Costs Of Birdstrikes To Commercial Aviation, John R. Allan, Alex P. Orosz Aug 2001

The Costs Of Birdstrikes To Commercial Aviation, John R. Allan, Alex P. Orosz

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Collisions between birds (and other wildlife) and aircraft are known to cause substantial losses to the aviation industry in terms of damage and delays every year. Techniques exist to control bird numbers on airfields and hence to reduce the numbers of wildlife strikes but they are applied at widely different levels from airport to airport. Some of this variation may be due to differing levels of strike risk at the different sites, but much of it is due to the unwillingness or inability of the airports concerned to invest in birdstrike prevention. Part of the reason for this reluctance to …

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The Need For A Radar-Based, Operational Bird Warning System For Civil Aviation, Hans Blokpoel, B. Mackinnon Aug 2001

The Need For A Radar-Based, Operational Bird Warning System For Civil Aviation, Hans Blokpoel, B. Mackinnon

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Serious multi-engine strikes on civil aviation aircraft continue to occur despite bird control efforts at and around airports. Radar-based bird warning systems currently used in military aviation are largely unsuitable for operational use in civil aviation because of the considerable constraints and inflexibility inherent in civil aviation operations. Pilots of civil aviation aircraft need to get timely, pertinent information on bird hazards, complete with options on how to minimize the associated risk. Recent advances in the design of radars and computers allow for the development of a real-time radar-based system to detect and warn of high-risk situations involving birds. High-risk …

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U.S. Fish And Wildlife Migratory Bird Permits And Airports, Marlys J. Bulander Aug 2001

U.S. Fish And Wildlife Migratory Bird Permits And Airports, Marlys J. Bulander

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

The Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) protects over 800 species of migratory birds, their nests and eggs. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) has been mandated by this Act to provide this protection and to facilitate exceptions to the prohibitions of the Act by issuing permits for specific and justifiable activies involving migratory birds. Regulations covering permits can be found in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 50. 50 CFR 10 will provide you with definitions and a list of all birds protected under the Act, 50 CFR 13 provides information on applying, renewing, amending, etc., and 50 …

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All Birds Are Not Created Equal: Risk Assessment And Prioritization Of Wildlife Hazards At Airfields, Nicholas B. Carter Aug 2001

All Birds Are Not Created Equal: Risk Assessment And Prioritization Of Wildlife Hazards At Airfields, Nicholas B. Carter

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

In order to most effectively control wildlife at an airfield, airport managers must first identify and prioritize the hazards posed by the different species present in their environment. A formula including ten primary risk factors is presented in order to determine the relative threat posed by individual species or groups of similar species. The ten primary risk factors are:
1) The overall population of the wildlife species (in total number of individuals)
2) The size (mass and surface area) of an individual animal within the species
3) The average number of animals encountered (i.e. average group size)
4) The amount …

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Let No New Thing Arise: Wildlife Hazards To Aviation, Paul Eschenfelder (Capt.) Aug 2001

Let No New Thing Arise: Wildlife Hazards To Aviation, Paul Eschenfelder (Capt.)

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Aviation today faces another, new, thing: wildlife hazards. Since 1995 we have, worldwide, over 90 people dead from collisions between their aircraft and wildlife. It is truly a worldwide problem: the General of the Air Force in India worries about elephants on his runways; flamingos cause engine failure on a wide body aircraft in Kenya; Lan Chile has 2 B767s with destroyed engines in one week in Santiago due to bird ingestion; the Israeli Air Force has lost more aircraft to bird strikes than to air-air combat; an Air Ontario twin turboprop has both props shattered at Toronto City after …

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Avian Foraging Behaviors And Habitat Manipulation At Portland International Airport, Janina M. Lamb Aug 2001

Avian Foraging Behaviors And Habitat Manipulation At Portland International Airport, Janina M. Lamb

Bird Strike Committee-USA/Canada Joint Annual Meeting: 3rd (2001)

Between January 1996 and May 2001 more than 300 bird strikes occurred at Portland International Airport. Records indicate that herons and raptors consistently make up nearly one-half of species struck. These species regularly use the airport grassland as a foraging ground, feeding on ground-dwelling rodents, including the graytailed vole (Microtus canicaudus) and vagrant shrew (Sorex vagrans). As part of a current study, various manipulations are being made to the grassland habitat and an assessment will be conducted of their effects on the airfield rodent and avian predator populations. This study will specifically correlate the presence and behaviors of predatory birds …

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