Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Assessment Of Small Mammal Populations In Two Southeastern Forests Of Big Ridge In Chattanooga, Tn, Melissa R. Dickinson

Masters Theses and Doctoral Dissertations

Field research was conducted to test for effects of urbanization on small mammal abundance and diversity. Preliminary studies were preformed to test sampling techniques and acquire a sample size estimate for the primary study. Sampling sites were chosen in old growth and mixed hardwood forest areas. Six day sampling periods consisted of differing densities and setups of Sherman and pitfall traps within 0.16-ha plots. Data was not statistically analyzed due to minimal sample sizes. Comparable 1.28-ha mixed hardwood forest study sites were chosen in the Big Ridge area of Chattanooga, Tennessee for the primary study. One site had protected status, …

Dendritic Polymers As Bonded Stationary Phases In Capillary Electrochromatography, Chiayu Helen Chao

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

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Computer-Based Methods For Constructing Two-Level Fractional-Factorial Experimental Designs With A Requirement Set, Steven L. Forsythe

Theses and Dissertations

This dissertation developed four methodologies for computer-aided experimental design of two-level fractional factorial designs with requirement sets (DOE/RS). The requirement sets identify all the experimental factors and the appropriate interaction terms to be evaluated in the experiment. Taguchi graphs and similar manual methods provide techniques for solving the DOE/RS problem. Unfortunately, these methods are limited because they become difficult to use as the number of factors or interaction terms exceeds ten. This research showed that the DOE/RS problem belongs to a class of difficult-to-solve problems known as NP-Complete. It is the combinatorial nature of NP-Complete problems that causes them to …

The Effects Of Radiation Damage On The Vortex Dynamics Of High Temperature Superconductors, Andra Petrean

Dissertations

This work focuses on the interaction between magnetic vortices in high temperature superconductors and defects introduced by irradiation with protons and heavy ions. The study concentrates on the high temperature superconductor YBa;Cu30 7J5. This material is used to investigate the role of disorder in phase transitions, a topic of great interest in Solid State Physics. In addition, this study analyzes the interaction between vortices and columnar defects in various doses and defect morphologies, including the thermal stability of columnar defects.

We present experimental evidence of the vortex glass phase in proton irradiated Y B a:Cu:!0 -.15. For the first time, …

Collaborative Model And Algorithms For Supporting Real-Time Distribution Logistics Systems, Hoong Chuin Lau, Qi Zhang Liu

Research Collection School Of Computing and Information Systems

We study a complex optimization problem that arises due to an emerging trend in distribution logistics. The problem involves the integration of an inventory management problem and the vehicle routing problem with time windows, both of which are known to be NP-hard. We describe a collaborative approach to solve this problem in real-time. The novelty of our approach lies in the tight algorithmic integration between two sub-problems, and suggests an elegant scheme to deal with other integrated optimization problems of the same nature. For first sub-problem, we will present two algorithms: a complete mathematical model integrating integer programming with constraint …

The Averaging Lemma, Ronald A. Devore, Guergana Petrova

Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Java On Networks Of Workstations (Javanow): A Parallel Computing Framework Inspired By Linda And The Message Passing Interface (Mpi), George K. Thiruvathukal, Phil M. Dickens, Shahzad Bhatti

Computer Science: Faculty Publications and Other Works

Networks of workstations are a dominant force in the distributed computing arena, due primarily to the excellent price/performance ratio of such systems when compared to traditionally massively parallel architectures. It is therefore critical to develop programming languages and environments that can help harness the raw computational power available on these systems. In this article, we present JavaNOW (Java on Networks of Workstations), a Java‐based framework for parallel programming on networks of workstations. It creates a virtual parallel machine similar to the MPI (Message Passing Interface) model, and provides distributed associative shared memory similar to the Linda memory model but with …

Template Synthesis Of Nano-Structured Electrode Materials And Its Electrochemical Performance, Jian Zhao, Quan-Yong Gao, Yong Yang, Zu-Geng Lin

Journal of Electrochemistry

In this letter, various nano structured materials such as spinel LiMn₂O₄ nanotubes/nanowires and carbon nanotubes have been prepared by using porous alumina template. The prepared template and materials have been characterized by AFM and TEM techniques. It is shown that size of the nanotubes can be conveniently controlled by using template method. Some preliminary results of cyclic voltammetry about nano structured LiMn₂O₄ are also reported.

Electrochemical Hydrogen Storage Properties Of Carbon Nanotubes, Xue Qin, Xue-Ping Gao, Feng Wu, Hong Liu, Ying Lan, Hua-Tang Yuan, De-Ying Song, Pan-Wen Shen

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrochemical properties of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) electrode have been investigated in this paper. The high discharge capacity of 200 mAh·g^-1 was measured for the CNTs Ni electrode at a discharge density of 200 mAh·g^-1 . CNTs-Ni electrode, the high electrochemical activity and the long cycle life were observed. The electrochemical mechanism of hydrogen adsorption and oxidation at the CNTs Ni electrode was studied by cyclic voltammertry method.

Fabrications And Characterizations Of Porous Silicon By Tow-Step Techniques I: Constant Current Application, Xuan Cheng, Feng-Ming Liu, Chang-Jian Lin, Zuo-Xin Wen, Zhong-Qun Tian, Ru Xue

Journal of Electrochemistry

Porous silicon structures were formed by a two step technique consisting of electrochemical polarization and chemical oxidation processes in 1∶1 hydrofluoric acid and ethanol solutions. A constant current density of 0.03 A/cm² was applied to p type silicon wafers, followed by chemical treatment in 20% nitric acid solutions. These samples were then carefully examined by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectrometer to study their surface morphologies and optical properties. After a year storage in a desiccator, the aged porous silicon samples were re examined by SEM and Raman spectrometer before and after treated with styrene and decene(1) organic …

A Study Of Monitoring Corrosion Of Metal Via An Optic Waveguide Sensing Method, Xue-Ming Li, Wei-Ming Chen, Shang-Lian Huang, Na Zhang, Zong-Qing Huang

Journal of Electrochemistry

An optical wave guide sensing method was proposed for monitoring corrosion of metal in outdoors steel structures. Replacing the cladding of wave-guide with metal film in a particular location, the method takes the metal film as the corrosion sensitive film. The experiment of waveguide sensor was carried out on a 721 colorimetric vessel, with which the soution is held in itself and the light is propagated in its sidewall. A Fe-C alloy film was electroplated onto the inner sied of vessel to form the corrosion sensitive film. The structure of the Fe-C alloy film was studied by XRD, EDX and …

A Study Of The Adsorption Behaviors On The Surface Of Gold Electrode By In-Situ Electrochemical Raman Spectroscopy, Xia-Qin Wu, Xiao-Wei Cao, Zhe-Su Wang, Xiao-Yun Meng, Zong-Rang Zhang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The results of in-situ measurements with Raman spectroelectrochemical thchnique on bare gold electrode and adenine modified gold electrode were reported. The adsorption behaviors of adenine and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and their interactions with gold electrode were analyed. The mechanism of promoted electron transfer process of SOD in the presence of adenine at gold electrode surface is discussed.

Forming And Mechanism Of Chitosan Coating On Aluminum Cathode By Electrophoresis, Xi Zhang, Shao-Hui Wu, Ying-Chu Tao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electrophoretic deposition behavior and the corresponding coating mechanism were investigated. The influencing factors, such as cell potential, CS concentration, pH value of solution, temperature and supporting electrolytes, on coating were researched. The coating morphology was characterized by XRD and SEM. The mechanism of electrophoretic deposition in CS solution was discussed.

The Electrochemical Performance Of The Spinel Limn2O4, Shi-Gang Lu, Yu-Cheng Sun, Ren-Min Liu, Wei-Hua Jin, Wen-Zhong Li, Cang Han

Journal of Electrochemistry

The cathode material spinel LiMn₂O₄ of lithium ion battery was synthesized by making use of solid state reaction at 750～850 ℃. The discharge capacity was 115～125 mAh·g^-1 . It was observed that the capacity loss increase at the elvated 55 ℃ temperature. A little excess Li content and the Co doped spined could improved the cycle capability of the cathode material. The dissolution of the spined in the electrolyte was measured. The treatment method was used to stabilize the LiMn₂O₄ structure. It was found that the spinel LiMn₂O₄, treated …

The Study Of Pretreatment For The Determination Of The Conventional Anion In Sea Water By Ic——The Method Of Electrolysing Argentine Electrode, Lei Guo, Wei Yang, Rong-Zong Hu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The method of pretreatment to determine trace amounts of Br^-, NO₃^- and SO₄^2- in sea water by ion chromatography was proposed, by which the electrolysing argentine electrode was used to minimize the disturbance of Cl^-. The results indicate that the method is simple, convenient, quick and efficient with recovery rates over 95 percent.

Study On Electrodeposition Of Ingaas Thin Film, Yu-Chun Li, Xi-Lian Wang, Jing-Ke Han, Ai-Zhen Han, Yuan-Kai Gao, Zhi-Wei Yang

Journal of Electrochemistry

The principle and the experimental method of the electrodeposition are discribed in detail in this paper. InGaAs thin film was prepared by using optimized electrodeposited conditions. The radiative wave length of the film was between 1.3～1.5 μm, the composition of the film was analyzed by energy spectrometer and the transmission spectrum of the film was measured by spectrophotometer and monochromator. The V-I chractristic of the conductive type and the topography of the In_xGa_1-xAs film were also studied.

Studies Of Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy On Coated Steel With Artificial Defect, Zhi-Gang Zhang, Zhi-Jun Gu, Yong-Gui Liao, Qi-Long Guo, Fang-Teng Su, Yan-Zhen Chen

Journal of Electrochemistry

Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was applied to rapidly evaluate the performance of organic coatings and the characterization of the protective properties of anticorrosive pigments in the presence of artificial defect in organic coatings. The results showed that artificial defect method can rapidly evaluate the performance of coatings and discriminate whether the pigments in the coatings have inhibitive.

The Memory Effect Of Mh-Ni Battery, De-Ming Xie, Jian-Ming Wang, Jian-Qing Zhang, Chu-Nan Cao

Journal of Electrochemistry

The memory effect of MH-Ni battery was investigated. The depth of discharge, discharge rate and cycle number influence the memory effect greatly. A few completely full charge/discharge cycles could eliminate it. The existence of the memory effect had nothing to do with zinc element. During the course of life cycling at low DOD (degree of discharge), the smaller the discharge current was, the lower was the maximum charge voltage. In addition, discharge voltage and discharge capacity drop fast at the beginning, gradually leveled off at about a value. If the discharge current was increased, the discharge capacity was obviously less …

The Development Of Carbon Monoxide Tolerant Catalysts For Proton-Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, Zhong-Jun Hou, Hong-Mei Yu, Bao-Lian Yi, Ming Han

Journal of Electrochemistry

High over-potential of proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) anode caused by carbon monnoxide poisoning when reformate or methanol is used as fuel is main obstacle to the high performance of PEMFCs. Using carbon monoxide tolerant catalysts is the most hopeful way to solve the CO problem. The CO poisoning problem is reviewed briefly in this paper, and the development of CO tolerant catalysts is introduced in details, including electrocatalysts activity, preparation method and mechanism of tolerance to CO.Mo and W can improve catalysts' CO tolerance. Multi-component catalysts are expected to be more tolerant to CO.

The Difference Of The Geometrical Thickness And The Electrochemical Apparent Effective Thickness Of Self-Assembled Monolayers, Xiao-Li Cui, Jun-Xin Li, Ru-Ting Tong

Journal of Electrochemistry

The geometrical thickness, which was obtained from the capacitance of membrane, can be used to characterize the existence of membrane. The apparent effective thickness, which is analyzed from the electron transfer constant of transmembrane, can be used to determine the degree of “collapsed" of molecules. Though the two thicknesses were different in value, there was no contradiction. The influence on the geometrical thickness is little, but the effect to the apparent effective thickness is great from the small “collapsed" area in the membrane from the given calculation.

Electrochemical Polymerization Of Biphenyl And P-Terphenyl In Organic Solvent, Sheng-Yun Cui

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electro-oxidation of ethanol on nm-Pt/GC electrode in alkaline solutions containing 0.02 mol·L^-1 NaOH+0.1 mol·L^-1 CH₃CH₂OH was investigated by using cyclic voltammetry and in-situ FTIR spectroscopy. The experimental results demonstrated that the main product of ethanol oxidation is CH₃COO^-, only very small amount of CH ³CHO has been determined simultaneously. In contrast with the dual path reaction mechanism for the oxidation of ethanol in acid media, the oxidation of ethanol in alkaline media didn't pass through the dissociative adsorption, and no adsorbed species could be determined even using a …

Effect Of High Concentration Lithium Bromide Solution On Electrochemical Behavior Of Low Alloy Steel At High Temperature, Jian-Wei Guo, Cheng-Hao Liang

Journal of Electrochemistry

By electrochemical measurements and weight loss experiments, the effect of MoO₄^2- on low alloy steel's electrochemical behaviors was investigated at high temperature in 55%LiBr+0.07 mol/L LiOH solution. The results showed that MoO₄^2-, as an anodic inhibitor, formed passive film rapidly and impeded both anodic and cathodic procedures. Moreover, Na₂MoO₄ prevented corrosion effectively in 55%LiBr+0.07 mol/L LiOH solution when its concentration is more than 200 mg/L. The pitting potential increased accompanying to the arising of Na₂MoO₄ concentration. Some elements of alloy strengthened resistance to corrosion, shch as chromium and nickel, …

Studies Of Adsorption And Oxidation Of Ethanol On Nm-Pt/Gc Electrode——I. Cyclic Voltammograms And In-Situ Ftir Spectroscopy In Alkaline Media, Guo-Lian Chen, Shi-Gang Sun, Sheng-Pei Chen, Zhi-You Zhou

Journal of Electrochemistry

The electro-oxidation of ethanol on nm-Pt/GC electrode in alkaline solutions containing 0.02 mol·L^-1 NaOH+0.1 mol·L^-1 CH₃CH₂OH was investigated by using cyclic voltammetry and in-situ FTIR spectroscopy. The experimental results demonstrated that the main product of ethanol oxidation is CH₃COO^-, only very small amount of CH ³CHO has been determined simultaneously. In contrast with the dual path reaction mechanism for the oxidation of ethanol in acid media, the oxidation of ethanol in alkaline media didn't pass through the dissociative adsorption, and no adsorbed species could be determined even using a …

Investigation Of A Complex Lithium Cobalt Nickel Oxide As Lithium Ion Battery Cathode Materials Prepared By A New Citrate Sol-Gel Method, Jing-Li Han, Qing-Guo Liu

Journal of Electrochemistry

The synthesis and electrochemical characteristics of lithium cobalt nickel oxide as cathode materials for rechargeable lithium batteries were investigated. It was clarified from these investigations that lithium cobalt nickel oxide has been produced from basic cobalt carbonate,basic nickel carbonate, lithium carbonate, and citrate. LiNi_0.8Co _0.2O₂ prepared under the stream of oxygen gas showed a higher cycling capacity of (～190 mAh·g^-1).

Measurement Of The Decay Amplitudes Of B0 → J/ΨK*0 And BS0 → J/Ψφ Decays, T. Affolder, Kenneth A. Bloom, Collider Detector At Fermilab Collaboration

Kenneth Bloom Publications

An angular analysis of B⁰ → J/ψK^*0and B_s⁰ → J/ψφ has been used to determine the decay amplitudes with parity-even longitudinal (A₀) and transverse (A_║) polarization and parity-odd transverse (A_┴) polarization. The measurements are based on 190 B⁰ and 40B_s⁰candidates obtained from 89 pb^-1 of p̅p collisions at the Fermilab Tevatron. The longitudinal decay amplitude dominates with |A₀|²= 0.59 ± 0.06 ± 0.01 for B⁰ and |A₀|^{2 …}

Magnetic Clusters On Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes: The Kondo Effect In A One-Dimensional Host, Teri W. Odom, Jin-Lin Huang, Chin Li Cheung, Charles M. Lieber

Barry Chin Li Cheung Publications

Single-walled carbon nanotubes are ideal systems for investigating fundamental properties and applications of one-dimensional electronic systems. The interaction of magnetic impurities with electrons confined in one dimension has been studied by spatially resolving the local electronic density of states of small cobalt clusters on metallic single-walled nanotubes with a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope. Spectroscopic measurements performed on and near these clusters exhibit a narrow peak near the Fermi level that has been identified as a Kondo resonance. Using the scanning tunneling microscope to fabricate ultra-small magnetic nanostructures consisting of small cobalt clusters on short nanotube pieces, spectroscopic studies of this …

Stability And Largeness Of The Core Of Cooperative Games., Amit K. Biswas Dr.

Doctoral Theses

This monograph deals with the area from game theory known as co operativo games. Except the last chapter on NTU games, it deals with transferable utility games. llere we will introiduce and diseus the involved game theuretie notions and set a mathematical hase for the chapters to come.In 1944 von Neamann and Morgenstern(15) introduced a theory of solutions for n-person games in characteristic function form in which cooperation and coalition formation is a crucial aspect. The primary mathematical concern regarding this model is the existence of solutions or stable set. In 1968 Lucas|19 described a tem person game which has …

Three-Dimensional Imaging And Detection Efficiency Performance Of Orthogonal Coplanar Czt Strip Detectors, Mark L. Mcconnell, John R. Macri, James M. Ryan, K Larson, L A. Hamel, G Bernard, C Pomerleau, O Tousignant, Jean-Charles Leroux, V T. Jordanov

Space Science Center

We report on recent three-dimensional imaging performance and detection efficiency measurements obtained with 5 mm thick prototype CdZnTe detectors fabricated with orthogonal coplanar anode strips. In previous work, we have shown that detectors fabricated using this design achieve both very good energy resolution and sub-millimeter spatial resolution with fewer electronic channels than are required for pixel detectors. As electron-only devices, like pixel detectors, coplanar anode strip detectors can be fabricated in the thickness required to be effective imagers for photons with energies in excess of 500 keV. Unlike conventional double-sided strip detectors, the coplanar anode strip detectors require segmented contacts …

Analog Processing Of Signals From A Czt Strip Detector With Orthogonal Coplanar Anodes, K Larson, V T. Jordanov, Mark L. Mcconnell, John R. Macri, James M. Ryan, A Drake, L A. Hamel, O Tousignant

Space Science Center

We present the requirements, design, and performance of an analog circuit for processing the non-collecting anode strip signals from a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) strip detector with orthogonal coplanar anodes. Detector signal simulations and measurements with a prototype are used to define the range of signal characteristics as a function of location of the gamma interaction in the detector. The signals from the non- collecting anode strip electrodes are used to define two of the three spatial coordinates including the depth of interaction, the z dimension. Analog signal processing options are discussed. A circuit to process the signals from the …

Dynamics And Folding Of Single Two-Stranded Coiled-Coil Peptides Studied By Fluorescent Energy Transfer Confocal Microscopy, David Talaga, Wai Leung Lau, Heinrich Roder, Jianyong Tang, Yiwei Jia, William F. Degrado, Robin M. Hochstrasser

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

We report single-molecule measurements on the folding and unfolding conformational equilibrium distributions and dynamics of a disulfide crosslinked version of the two-stranded coiled coil from GCN4. The peptide has a fluorescent donor and acceptor at the N termini of its two chains and a Cys disulfide near its C terminus. Thus, folding brings the two N termini of the two chains close together, resulting in an enhancement of fluorescent resonant energy transfer. End-to-end distance distributions have thus been characterized under conditions where the peptide is nearly fully folded (0 M urea), unfolded (7.4 M urea), and in dynamic exchange between …