Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Openness And Monotoneity Of Induced Mappings, W. J. Charatonik

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Research & Creative Works

It is shown that for locally connected continuum X if the induced mapping C(f) : C(X) ->C(Y) is open, then f is monotone. As a corollary it follows that if the continuum X is hereditarily locally connected and C(f) is open, then f is a homeomorphism. An example is given to show that local connectedness is essential in the result.

The John Muir Newsletter, Fall 1999, The John Muir Center For Regional Studies

Muir Center Newsletters (1981-2015)

TOP "i Volume 9, Number 4 MUIR Fall 1999 VULUMJ, J, HUMbEK 1 i; TALL 1333 newsXhtter John Muir's Struggle in the North: Travels in Alaska and The Cruise of the Corwin by Hal Crimmel, Ph.D. raditionally, Muir's reputation has been that of America's foremost wilderness lover, sage, and advocate, unrelenting in his quest for a pure wilderness experience. "For Muir, wilderness was not a confrontation," Harold Simonson tells us, "but a confirmation."1 This is the Muir that captured the public's imagination, j|e Muir who could write, "The whole wilderness seems to be alive and familiar, full of humanity. The …

Cavefish Population Status And Environmental Quality In Cave Springs Cave, Arkansas - Final Report Submitted To Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission, G. O. Graening, Arthur V. Brown

Arkansas Water Resources Center Technical Reports

This report summarizes the continuing effort to monitor environmental quality in the Cave Springs Cave Natural Area and to implement the Ozark Cavefish Recovery Plan. Last year’s report (Brown et al., 1998) identified certain environmental stressors, including a trend over 15 years of increasing nutrient pollution, a low cavefish population count of only 106, and the presence of heavy metals in the cave water and one semi-volatile organic compound (the phthalate DEHP at 500 ppb) in resident crayfish tissue. This year’s monitoring effort demonstrates that fecal coliforms continue to exceed Arkansas State Water Quality Standards (Regulation 2), sometimes by a …

Induced Changes In Solvent Structure By Phospholipid Monolayer Formation At A Liquid–Liquid Interface, R. A. Walker, D. E. Gragson, G. L. Richmond

Chemistry and Biochemistry

Vibrational sum frequency spectroscopy has been used in conjunction with dynamic surface tension measurements to study formation of a 1,2-dilauroyl-sn-phosphatidylcholine (DLPC) monolayer at a water–carbon tetrachloride interface. Surface tension measurements show that an aqueous solution of liquid crystalline phosphocholine vesicles (4.5 μM DLPC) requires several hours to form a tightly packed, fully equilibrated monolayer of DLPC monomers. Vibrational spectra of the interfacial region at different stages in the monolayer formation process indicate that the solvent structure undergoes dramatic re-organization as the monolayer forms. Initial adsorption of DLPC monomers severely disrupts the interfacial hydrogen bonding. Intensity in the OH …

An Assessment Of The Impact Of Ophthalmia Dam On The Floodplains Of The Fortescue River On Ethel Creek And Roy Hill Stations, A L. Payne, A A. Mitchell

Resource management technical reports

The area surveyed covered all of the floodplains of the Fortescue River, and Jigalong, Jimblebar and Carramulla Creeks which fall within Ethel Creek and Roy Hill stations. Two serious, distinct and largely unrelated environmental problems are evident on the area surveyed. The first problem is longstanding, severe landscape degradation in the form of almost complete loss of perennial vegetative cover and soil erosion (mainly scalding) due to historical overgrazing.

Analysis Of Galvanized Steel Plates Using Glow Discharge-Atomic Emission Spectrometry, Liang Wang

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Combining an intense emission source and a high-speed sputtering source in one, glow discharge atomic emission spectrometer (GD-AES) provides an efficient technique for analyzing surfaces, coatings and bulk solids. The purpose of our work is to explore the optimum lamp operation parameters of SA-2000 for analysis of galvanized steel plate and to investigate the method for qualitatively and quantitatively analyzing the zinc coating. Under the optimum experimental conditions found in our study, which are current of 19-21 mA; voltage of 900-1200 V; pressure 2.0-2.5 torr, the calibration curve is constructed, so that specific zinc concentration can be assign to the …

Comparison Of An Advanced Mercury Analyzer With The Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Technique For The Determination Of Mercury In Coal, Dong Li

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

For over 30 years the industry standard method for mercury analysis has been the cold vapor atomic absorption spectrometric technique (CVAAS). Recent developments in improving this technique have focused on procedures for concentrating mercury in the analyte or materials to improve detection. The LECO Corporation produces an Advanced Mercury Analyzer, the AMA-254, for analysis of the solid and liquid samples. The system allows for the thermal heating of the sample to decompose the sample and release mercury, which is concentrated in a gold amalgam. Thermal desorption of the mercury from the amalgam is detected by atomic absorption spectroscopy. A comparison …

The Effects Of Phosphorus Enrichment On The Dominant Phytoplankton Communities Of Chaney Lake, Kathy Tehrani

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Chaney Lake is a temporary karst wetland located in southern Warren County, Kentucky. Because of an impermeable chert layer between the surface and the porous limestone, Chaney Lake fills with water over the winter and spring and then gradually drains over the summer. Three experiments were conducted over the course of the 1998 flooding season to assess the effects of phosphorus addition on the phytoplankton community in Chaney Lake. Ten plastic-sided mesocosms were constructed and placed in the marsh area of the wetland at three different periods: early spring, early summer, and late summer. Phosphorus in the form of K2HPO4 …

Configurational Entropy And Collective Modes In Normal And Supercooled Liquids, Ulrich Zürcher, T. Keyes

Physics Faculty Publications

Soft vibrational modes have been used to explain anomalous thermal properties of glasses above 1 K. The soft-potential model consists of a collection of double-well potentials that are distorted by a linear term representing local stress in the liquid. Double-well modes contribute to the configurational entropy of the system. Based on the Adam-Gibbs theory of entropically driven relaxation in liquids, we show that the presence of stress drives the transition from Arrhenius to Zwanzig-Bässler temperature dependence of relaxation times. At some temperature below the glass transition, the energy scale is dominated by local stress, and soft modes are described by …

Santa Clara Magazine, Volume 41 Number 2, August 1999, Santa Clara University

Santa Clara Magazine

8 - APOCALYPSE PAST: Y1K By Thomas Turley. The year 2000 is upon us. But what about Y1K? History Professor Thomas Turley takes an historical look at the millennial fever of a thousand years ago.

12 - THE FUTURE IS MATH By Susan Vogel. Math Lecturer David Sul is on a mission: to get more Hispanics and African-Americans into Calculus and onto college through SCU's Calculus 100 program.

16 - The Class of 1999 Moves On By Sug Ramire '98. Optimism is the byword for the last graduating class of the millennium. Six 1999ers share their impressions, hopes, and fears …

Fisheries Research Report No. 114 - The Western Australian Scallop Industry, D C. Harris, L M. Joll, R A. Watson

Fisheries Research Reports

Five separate commercial fisheries target the saucer scallop, Amusium balloti (Bernadi 1861) in Western Australian waters. While the average annual catch from these fisheries is around 600 tonnes of scallop meat, past catches have been highly variable with annual landings ranging from 150 to 4,400 tonnes of meat worth between $2 and $59 million. Consequently, scallops represent one of the larger single-species fisheries operating in Western Australia (WA).

A. balloti has a distribution spanning most of the WA coast, from Broome in the north around to Esperance in the south. Despite this extensive distribution, saucer scallops tend to be restricted …

Fisheries Research Report No. 115 - Statistical Analysis Of Gascoyne Region Recreational Fishing Study July 1996, Neil R. Sumner, Richard A. Steckis

Fisheries Research Reports

A survey of recreational fishers in the Gascoyne region of Western Australia was conducted in July 1996 to provide information required by fisheries managers. Catch rates, attitudinal, demographic and economic information from boat-based and shore-based fishers was collected by Fisheries Officers. Pink snapper (Pagrus auratus) was the primary species caught by boatbased recreational fishers in the region. Various species of whiting were the predominant catch from shore-based anglers. Most fishers interviewed (80%) supported the introduction of an upper limit on the amount of fish and fillets that a person could take away from the Gascoyne region for personal or family …

Dynamics And Asymptotic Behavior Of The Solutions Of A Nonlinear Differential Equation, Robert Palmer

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Initial value problems of the form dx/dt= t xP, x(a) = β are examined, first when p = 2. Applying Euler's method, a numerical approximation technique, when p = 2 for certain initial conditions produces a numerical solution which resembles a bifurcation diagram very similar to that produced by the logistic map. Comparisons of such numerical solutions to the logistic map are made, and a partial explanation of such numerical solutions is given. Then, the exact solution of the initial value problem with p = 2, for which the software package Mathematica 3.0 determines an explicit formula, is analyzed to …

A Stochastic Analog To The Richardson's Arms Race Model, John Fricks

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

In this thesis, a stochastic version of the Richardson's arms race model is developed through the method of birth-death processes. The expected value of the model is explored and shown to be analogous to the original deterministic arms race model. The numerical method of randomization is then expanded and applied to the stochastic model. A comparison is then made between outcomes of the deterministic and stochastic models.

Near-Threshold Measurement Of Integrated Stokes Parameters For Kr Excited By Polarized Electrons, B. G. Birdsey, H. M. Al-Khateeb, M. E. Johnston, T. C. Bowen, Timothy J. Gay, V. Zeman, K. Bartschat

Timothy J. Gay Publications

We have made high-accuracy measurements of the integrated Stokes parameters for resonance fluorescence from polarized electron-impact excitation of the ⁴p⁵5p[5/2] ³D₃ and ⁴p⁵5p [5/2] ³D₂ states of Kr. We report measurements in the region within 0.6 eV of threshold, which is below the first cascade threshold. We also present theoretical calculations of these Stokes parameters using a recently developed relativistic Breit-Pauli Rmatrix code. In well LS-coupled systems, nonzero values of the integrated Stokes parameter P₂ signal relativistic effects (like continuum spin-orbit coupling, i.e., Mott scattering). …

Soil Moisture Within The Windbreak/Crop Interface And A Comparison Of Three Types Of Sensors For Measuring Soil Water Content, Qingjiang Hou

School of Natural Resources: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

No abstract provided.

A Drought Watch System For Southeast Spain, Ramon Garrido Abenza

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

One of the main climatological characteristics of the region of Murcia (11,300 km2), located almost entirely in the Segura Basin (in southeast Spain), is the great temporal and spatial irregularity of its precipitation. Average annual precipitation values range between 200 and 500 mm, and coefficients of variation (CV) are high, with some values about 50%. It is a semiarid region (including a small arid area), and agriculture plays a major role in its economy. Because of this, drought is one characteristic of the region’s climate that has far-reaching consequences, from unemployment to social conflicts.

It is important to define drought …

Announcements: August 1999

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

Contents:

Disaster Management Workshops

National Workshop on Dynamic Crop Simulation Modeling

International Conference on Integrated Drought Management

15th Annual Conference on Contaminated Soils

2000 National Disaster Medical System Conference

Drought Follows The Deluge In Vermont, Lesley-Ann Dupigny-Giroux

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

The incidence of both drought and flooding on the Vermont landscape within the same calendar year is not an uncommon occurrence. The year 1998 was no exception, in that the ice storm of January and statewide flooding of June/July finally gave way to drought conditions as the year drew to a close. These dry conditions continued into late June/early July 1999, when a series of convective and frontal systems brought steady rainfall amounts that were helpful in reducing the surface moisture deficits. Hydrologic deficits, however, still existed in mid-July.

With the exception of the most severe events, which can span …

Low Temperature And Cold Drought Risks In Crop Production In Temperate Kashmir, Badrul Hasan, Ashok Kumar, A. A. Khan

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

Temperature plays a vital role in life processes and crop production. Physical and chemical processes within plants are temperature dependent; these processes in turn control biological reactions in crop plants. Temperature also plays a significant role in some aspects of crop physiological cycles: the diffusion rate of gases and liquids changes with temperature; the solubility of substances is temperature dependent; rapid progress occurs as a result of temperature increases; and the equilibrium and stability of various systems and compounds (including enzymes) is a function of temperature.

Air temperature at the screen level is one of the most important variables affecting …

From The Director: May-August 1999, Donald A. Wilhite

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

With increased understanding of El Niño and La Niña events and growing awareness of the wide range of potential impacts, as well as the increased reliability of seasonal climate forecasts for some regions of the world, there is growing interest in the use of climate information to help reduce risk for some weather-sensitive industries, especially agriculture. The National Drought Mitigation Center (NDMC) is currently involved in a project sponsored by the UNDP Office to Combat Desertification and Drought (UNSO) and the World Meteorological Organization, with additional support from NOAA and USAID. The next phase of this project will be a …

Summer 1999, Nsu Oceanographic Center

Currents

No abstract provided.

Folding Dynamics Of Single Gcn-4 Peptides By Fluorescence Resonant Energy Transfer Confocal Microscopy, Yiwei Jia, David Talaga, Wai Leung Lau, Helen S.M. Lu, William F. Degrado, Robin M. Hochstrasser

Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

We have prepared a bichromophoric crosslinked variant of GCN4-P1 for single-molecule fluorescence energy transfer experiments (GCN4-Pf). The folding and unfolding fluctuations of single GCN4-Pf molecules are measured in a two-channel confocal microscope with which donor and acceptor fluorescence trajectories are measured simultaneously. The energy transfer efficiency is thereby determined and its probability distributions as a function of added denaturant [urea] are calculated. The distributions indicate that single molecule GCN4-Pf is in dynamic folding equilibrium with the position of the equilibrium being altered by the concentration of urea.

Development Of A Hard X-Ray Polarimeter For Astrophysics, Mark L. Mcconnell, John R. Macri, M Mcclish, James M. Ryan, D J. Forrest, W T. Vestrand

Space Science Center

We have been developing a Compton scatter polarimeter for measuring the linear polarization of hard X-rays (100-300 keV) from astrophysical sources. A laboratory prototype polarimeter has been used to successfully demonstrate the reliability of our Monte Carlo simulation code and to demonstrate our ability to generate a polarized photon source in the lab. Our design concept places a self-containedpolarimeter module on the front-end of a a 5-inch position sensitive PMT (PSPMT). We are currently working on the fabrication of a science model based on this PSPMT concept. Although the emphasis of our development effort is towards measuring hard X-rays from …

41st Rocky Mountain Conference On Analytical Chemistry

Rocky Mountain Conference on Magnetic Resonance

Final program, abstracts, and information about the 41st annual meeting of the Rocky Mountain Conference on Analytical Chemistry, co-sponsored by the Colorado Section of the American Chemical Society and the Rocky Mountain Section of the Society for Applied Spectroscopy. Held in Denver, Colorado, August 1-5, 1999.

Morphology Of Wetland Streams, Michael C. Jurmu

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Recent understanding and concern with wetland environments has resulted in an increase in restoration and creation projects aimed at replicating these ecosystems. The unique characteristics within wetland environments result in different controls on streams traversing these areas, yet little research has been conducted to determine whether the morphology of these streams differs from streams in non-wetland, alluvial environments. Wetland streams from three different physiographic regions of the U.S. are compared to four morphological models and 12 additional features cited as typical in non-wetland streams. Analysis of this comparison will aid in determining whether wetland streams have differing morphology and which …

Black Holes And Five-Brane Thermodynamics, Emil Martinec, Vatche Sahakian

All HMC Faculty Publications and Research

The phase diagram for Dp-branes in M theory compactified on T⁴,T⁴/Z₂,T⁵, and T⁶ is constructed. As for the lower-dimensional tori considered in our previous work [E. Martinec and V. Sahakian, Phys. Rev. D 59, 124005 (1999)], the black brane phase at high entropy connects onto matrix theory at low entropy; we thus recover all known instances of matrix theory as consequences of the Maldacena conjecture. The difficulties that arise for T⁶ are reviewed. We also analyze the D1-D5 system on T⁵; we discuss its relation to matrix models …

Enso’S Impact On The Occurrence Of Autumnal Drought In Iran, M. J. Nazemosadat

Drought Network News (1994–2001)

Recent extreme rainfall events and the frequent occurrence of worldwide droughts and their associated natural disasters (i.e., devastating bushfires in Australia, Indonesia, and Italy during 1997; the current severe drought in Iran) have increased the scientific community’s interest in the broad characteristics of rainfall variation and the potential for rainfall prediction.

On the basis of the Koppen climate classification (Ahrens, 1998), the Islamic Republic of Iran (Figure 1) is categorized as generally having arid (BW) and semiarid (BS) climates. This signifies that the annual precipitation is less than the potential annual loss of water through evapotranspiration. The occurrence of rainfall …

The Probe, Issue 203 – August 1999

The Probe: Newsletter of the National Animal Damage Control Association

Trappers Association Challenges Ballot Initiatives
Troubling Horizon for NADCA -- Robert H. Schmidt, President
Reed-Joseph International recently announced the availability of CAPA long range pyrotechnic cartridges.
Hazards of Deer Relocation: Mixed Success
Book Review : "Conibear Beaver Trapping in Open Water" by Wesley Murphey. Lost Creek Books, Eugene, Oregon, 1996. 109 pp. Illustrated. ($14.00 postpaid)
Eastern Black Bear Workshop Held in Massachusetts

Dust Emission From Herbig Ae/Be Stars: Evidence For Disks And Envelopes, Anatoly Miroshnichenko, Željko Ivezić, Dejan Vinković, Moshe Elitzur

Physics and Astronomy Faculty Publications

Infrared and millimeter-wave emission from Herbig Ae/Be stars has produced conflicting conclusions regarding the dust geometry in these objects. We show that the compact dimensions of the millimeter-wave-emitting regions are a decisive indication for disks. But a disk cannot explain the spectral energy distribution unless it is embedded in an extended envelope that (1) dominates the IR emission and (2) provides additional disk heating on top of the direct stellar radiation. Detailed radiative transfer calculations based on the simplest model for envelope-embedded disks successfully fit the data from UV to millimeter wavelengths and show that the disks have central holes. …