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1986

All Physics Faculty Publications

Articles 1 - 13 of 13

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Symmetric Solutions To The Maximally Gauss-Bonnet Extended Einsteinequations, James Thomas Wheeler Sep 1986

Symmetric Solutions To The Maximally Gauss-Bonnet Extended Einsteinequations, James Thomas Wheeler

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The most general gravitational lagrangian which can be constructed from the curvature two-form, the vielbein one-form, and tensors invariant in the tangent space is a linear combination of dimensionally extended Euler characteristics. Several recent studies indicate that superstring lagrangians include such terms. In an arbitrary number of dimensions, with arbitrary torsion, we show that in the most general such extended theory the only static, spherically symmetric, massive solutions to the variational equations of motion contain gravitational singularities. The existence of an event horizon is proved for certain cases, and a bound on the location of singularities is found. A certain …

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On The Kinetics Of Thermal Donor Formation In Silicon, J T. Borenstein, J W. Corbett, David Peak Aug 1986

On The Kinetics Of Thermal Donor Formation In Silicon, J T. Borenstein, J W. Corbett, David Peak

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A model for the kinetic growth of oxygen-related thermal donors in Czochralski silicon at about 450°C is presented. The model, which is based on the work of Suezawa and Sumino, derives forward reaction rates for the electrically active species by comparing analytic expressions for the early-time annealing kinetics with the infrared electronic absorption data. The analytic expressions, which are independent of the chemical structure of each species, result from three assumptions: (1) the donor defects beyond the first donor species (TD-1) are chemically stable at the donor formation temperature, (2) the reactions for the TD-1 and those electrically inactive clusters …

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Surface-Reconstruction-Induced Changes In Free-Carrier Scattering From The W(100) Surface: Aninfrared Surface-Electromagnetic-Wave Study, D. Mark Riffe, L. M. Hanssen, A. J. Sievers Jul 1986

Surface-Reconstruction-Induced Changes In Free-Carrier Scattering From The W(100) Surface: Aninfrared Surface-Electromagnetic-Wave Study, D. Mark Riffe, L. M. Hanssen, A. J. Sievers

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Using the infrared-absorption technique of surface-electromagnetic-wave spectroscopy (SEWS) we have studied the effects of H2 and D2 chemisorption on the SEW attenuation coefficient α in the 10-μm region between 165 and 350 K. The change in α at room temperature has also been measured for N2, O2, and CO adsorption. The coverage (CTHETA) dependence of α for N2, O2, and CO is fairly simple [either a monotonic increase (N2) or a peak at some intermediate coverage (O2, CO)] and points to changes in free-carrier (FC) surface …

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Symmetric Solutions To The Gauss-Bonnet Extended Einstein Equations, James Thomas Wheeler May 1986

Symmetric Solutions To The Gauss-Bonnet Extended Einstein Equations, James Thomas Wheeler

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Low-energy limits of string theories suggest that gravity lagrangians should include quadratic and higheorder curvature terms, in the form of dimensionally continued Gauss-Bonnet densities. In an arbitrary number of dimensions, we consider the static, spherically symmetric solutions to the lowest order Gauss-Bonnet extended Einstein equations. We also find isotropic, homogeneous cosmological solutions with an ideal fluid source.

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Effects Of Different Convection Models Upon The High-Latitude Ionosphere, C. E. Rasmussen, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka Jan 1986

Effects Of Different Convection Models Upon The High-Latitude Ionosphere, C. E. Rasmussen, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka

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It is well known that convection electric fields have an important effect on the ionosphere at high latitudes and that a quantitative understanding of their effect requires a knowledge of plasma convection over the entire high-latitude region. Two empirical models of plasma convection that have been proposed for use in studying the ionosphere are the Volland and Heelis models. Both of these models provide a similar description of two-celled ionospheric convection, but they differ in several ways, in particular, in the manner in which plasma flows over the central polar cap and near the polar cap boundary. In order to …

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Comparison Of Simultaneous Chatanika And Millstone Hill Observations With Ionospheric Model Predictions, C. E. Rasmussen, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka, Vincent B. Wickwar, O. De La Beaujardiere, J. Foster, J. Holt, D. S. Evans, E. Nielsen Jan 1986

Comparison Of Simultaneous Chatanika And Millstone Hill Observations With Ionospheric Model Predictions, C. E. Rasmussen, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka, Vincent B. Wickwar, O. De La Beaujardiere, J. Foster, J. Holt, D. S. Evans, E. Nielsen

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As part of the MITHRAS program, the Chatanika and Millstone Hill incoherent-scatter radars made coordinated observations of the polar ionosphere on June 27 and 28, 1981. We compare these data with predictions made by a high-latitude ionospheric model. Qualitatively, the same features are evident in both the model and the radar data: fairly constant densities on the dayside with a mid-latitude trough forming poleward of 65 degrees around 1900 MLT (magnetic local time). This trough is seen to extend equatorward with increasing MLT, such that the minimum densities occurring in the trough appear just after midnight around 60 degrees dipole …

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Theoretical Study Of The Electron Temperature In The High-Latitude Ionosphere For Solar Maximum And Winter Conditions, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka, M. D. Bowline Jan 1986

Theoretical Study Of The Electron Temperature In The High-Latitude Ionosphere For Solar Maximum And Winter Conditions, Robert W. Schunk, Jan Josef Sojka, M. D. Bowline

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The electron temperature (Te) variation in the high-latitude ionosphere at altitudes between 120 and 800 km has been modeled for solar maximum, winter solstice, and strong magnetic activity conditions. The calculated electron temperatures are consistent with the plasma densities and ion temperatures computed from a time-dependent ionospheric model. Heating rates for both solar EUV and auroral precipitation were included. In general, the predicted UT variation of the electron temperature that results from the displacement between the magnetic and geographic poles is only a few hundred degrees. However, in sunlit trough regions, Te hot spots develop, and …

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An Interplanetary Magnetic Field Dependent Model Of The Ionospheric Convection Electric Field, Jan Josef Sojka, C. E. Rasmussen, Robert W. Schunk Jan 1986

An Interplanetary Magnetic Field Dependent Model Of The Ionospheric Convection Electric Field, Jan Josef Sojka, C. E. Rasmussen, Robert W. Schunk

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A mathematical model of the magnetospheric electric field imposed upon the ionosphere is presented. The model provides an interplanetary magnetic field (IMF) dependent description of the magnetospheric electric field at ionospheric altitudes for global ionospheric and thermospheric modelers. Although many theoretical and empirical ionospheric convection models have been published, none give both a quantitative and a general Kp, IMF (Bx , By , Bz) dependent description. The need for such a model is particularly pressing with the success of the Dynamic Explorer (DE) mission. As a result of this mission, extensive data sets of …

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Problems With Deducing Ionospheric Plasma Convection Patterns, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk Jan 1986

Problems With Deducing Ionospheric Plasma Convection Patterns, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk

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It is well-known that convection electric fields have an important effect on the ionosphere-thermosphere system at high latitudes and that a quantitative understanding of their effect requires a knowledge of the plasma convection pattern. Consequently, convection electric fields have been measured by a variety of techniques, including satellite, rocket, and balloon-borne probes, optical tracking of ionized barium clouds, incoherent scatter observations of drifting F region plasma, and coherent scatter observations of drifting E region irregularities. Since all of these measurement techniques provide information on only a limited spatial region at any time, the construction of the overall convection pattern requires …

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A Theoretical Study Of The Production And Decay Of Localized Electron Density Enhancements In The Polar Ionosphere, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk Jan 1986

A Theoretical Study Of The Production And Decay Of Localized Electron Density Enhancements In The Polar Ionosphere, Jan Josef Sojka, Robert W. Schunk

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The origins, transport, and decay of large-scale (≳ 10 km) F region density irregularities were theoretically studied using a high-latitude time dependent ionospheric model. Such density irregularities (blobs) have been found both in the polar cap and the auroral zone. The model study, which focuses on blobs being produced by auroral precipitation, shows that the observed energy fluxes can readily account for the blob densities if a plasma flux tube is exposed to the precipitation for 5-10 min. Once the flux tube is transported away from the source, the F region density profile recovers its shape on a time scale …

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Formation Kinetics Of Thermal Donors In Silicon, J T. Borenstein, J W. Corbett, David Peak Jan 1986

Formation Kinetics Of Thermal Donors In Silicon, J T. Borenstein, J W. Corbett, David Peak

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The kinetics of thermal donor formation in Czochralski-silicon at ca. 450° C are explained by a simple model based on the work of Suezawa and Sumino which derives forward and reverse reaction rates for each electrically active species from the general features of the infrared electronic absorption spectra. The model, which is independent of the chemical nature of the thermal donor core, assumes that all thermal donors beyond the first donor species are chemically stable at the donor formation temperature, and approximates the reactions for species smaller than the first thermal donor as being in chemical equilibrium. The model is …

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Crossover From Contact Propagation To Chemical Propagation In First-Passage Percolation, A. R. Kerstein, Boyd F. Edwards Jan 1986

Crossover From Contact Propagation To Chemical Propagation In First-Passage Percolation, A. R. Kerstein, Boyd F. Edwards

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On lattices whose bonds are assigned time delays from a bimodal distribution with modes at b and a≫b whose relative weights are p and 1-p, the dependence of the first-passage velocity v on p is investigated by means of scaling arguments and computations. As p increases, v exhibits a sharp rise near the percolation threshold due to a crossover from the contact-propagation regime, in which slow-bond crossings are rate limiting, to the chemical-propagation regime, in which the tortuosity of the shortest path through the fast-bond network is rate limiting. Previous analyses of criticality in the limit a/b→∞ are extended by …

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Infrared Surface-Wave Interferometry On W(100), L. M. Hanssen, D. Mark Riffe, A. J. Sievers Jan 1986

Infrared Surface-Wave Interferometry On W(100), L. M. Hanssen, D. Mark Riffe, A. J. Sievers

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An IR grating on a clean W(100) surface is shown to generate both homogeneous and inhomogeneous surface electromagnetic waves. An observed interference between these two components, which can be described in terms of a two-beam interferometer with variable arm amplitude and fixed optical path, is used to measure the plasma frequency accurately in the IR.

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