Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 10, December 1972

Water Current Newsletter

Spring Water Resources Seminar - 1973
Summer Institutes Announced at the University of Nebraska
Nebraska Federal Sewage Funds Cut
Future Cloud-Seeding Experiments
GAO vs EPA
World's First
Guidelines for Planning Projects Available
BUREC Report Notes Shift in Water Usage
Hall Appointed Acting Director of OWRR
Water Resources Council Releases "Summary/Analysis"
Waste Storage Underground
National Resource and Land Information Program Urged

Groundwater - Surface Water Integration Study In The Grand Prairie Of Arkansas, Carl L. Griffis

Technical Reports

A mathematical model of the Quaternary Aquifer of the Grand Prairie, Arkansas was developed and used to evaluate a variety of methods of artificially recharging this aquifer. In addition, the model was used to evaluate the impact of various levels of water management and the probable movement of artificially recharged water in the aquifer. Improved water management and the use of recharge wells were the two alternatives that showed the most promise as potential solutions. The rate of movement of recharged water was determined by the model to be 300 ft./year under a gradient of 16 ft./mile.

Characterization Of Water Movement Into And Through Soils During And Immediately After Rainstorms, C. T. Haan

KWRRI Research Reports

The movement of water into and through soils in the unsaturated state is basic to many water resources problems including rainfall-runoff models, ground water recharge, irrigation, drainage, evapotranspiration and the movement of pollutants in soils. This study was conducted in an effort to determine if the flow equation based on Darcy's Law and the continuity equation could be used to describe watershed infiltration and thus be incorporated into hydrologic models.

The results of the study indicate that even on apparently uniform soils there is a great deal of variability in soil water properties. Handling this variability plus the difficulty of …

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 9, November 1972

Water Current Newsletter

Conference Proceedings Available
Assistance Grants for Nebraska
Niobrara, Nebraska - Moving
Congress Heaps CEQ Report
Bureau Studies Saline Water
New Administrative Regions for USGS
Unfair Attacks on Pesticide Pollution
Numerical Designation of Bureau Regional Offices Obsolete
Water Pollution Control Measure Becomes Law
Gavins Point Dam
Water Dollars Down the Drain
Federal Pollution Laws
New Food Industry Uses Heated Water
War Between the Worlds
Waste Discharge Exceptions Banned
National Water Commission Report

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 8, October 1972

Water Current Newsletter

Updated Version of Proposed Regulations Now Available
EPA Issues New Application Form for Submission of Grant Proposals
Reclamation and Reuse of Solids and Wastes
Fall Meeting of Nebraska Section of AWRA
Technology Transfer Conference
OWRR Director Resigns
Requested Delay in Big Blue Plan
Missouri River Waterfront
Missouri River Basin Commission Notes
Missouri River Money Hurdle
Fish Tale
Water Pollution Veto Overturned
OWRR Priorities for Fiscal 1974

Development And Testing Of A Double-Beam Absorption Spectrograph For The Simultaneous Determination Of Different Cations In Water, William H. Dennen

KWRRI Research Reports

Construction and testing of a double-beam absorption spectrographic analysis system using a d. c. arc multielement source has been conducted. An optical system design which brings analytical and reference beams together to illuminate the upper and lower portions of the spectrograph slit has been shown to be functional. However, ad. c. arc will not serve as a multielement source for the intended purposes because of excessive thermal broadening of emission lines.

A direct excitation d. c. arc method was reviewed which can be used for the rapid determination of some cations in water.

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 7, September 1972

Water Current Newsletter

North Loup Project Approved
NWC Endorses Cost-Sharing for All Federal Water Resource Projects
Tuition for Training Courses Imposed by EPA
Water Problems Emphasized by EPA
Environmental Protection Agreement Signed by US-USSR
Hazards Linked with Large-Scale Water Developments
NWC Recommends Enactment of Waterway User Charges
Refuse for Recreational Grounds
Water Development and Population Dispersal
Engineering Short Course
Rare Breed of Fish May Get Dam For Home
World Record Flow Measured on Amazon
Dam Inspection Bill Signed by President
Flood Insurance
Characteristics of Water Resources Research Centers
Drinking Water Legislation

The Relation Between Soil Characteristics, Water Movement And Nitrate Contamination Of Ground Water, Grant W. Thomas, Matthew Mcmahon

KWRRI Research Reports

Soils from several areas in Kentucky were placed in columns and leached with Ca(NO₃)₂. Subsoils high in iron oxide were found to retard the leaching of nitrate very significantly. In other soils, the nitrate moved through as fast as or slightly faster than the water.

Field application of nitrogen to corn was most efficient when done in the spring or summer near the time that the corn takes it up. The one exception to this was a red soil, where fall application of nitrogen resulted in little loss due to the retarding effect mentioned in the …

Location Of Solution Channels And Sinkholes At Dam Sites And Backwater Areas By Seismic Methods: Part Ii, Vincent P. Drnevich, D. Raghu

KWRRI Research Reports

Four seismic field methods and a laboratory method are used to determine shear wave propagation velocities and shear moduli for two sites. The four seismic methods are: standard seismic refraction survey, down hole shooting refraction survey, transient Rayleigh wave survey, and crosshole shooting survey. A torsional resonant column apparatus was used for the laboratory tests. The cross hole shooting method gave the best results because direct measurements were made. Criteria for using this method are given. Methods which measure compression wave velocity give inconsistent results because the conversion to shear wave velocity is very sensitive to Poisson's ratio. Laboratory tests …

Location Of Solution Channels And Sinkholes At Dam Sites And Backwater Areas By Seismic Methods: Part I, Vincent P. Drnevich, S. R. Smith, E. P. Cleveland

KWRRI Research Reports

The basic concepts associated with the sledge hammer seismic refraction survey are reviewed and a modified version called down hole shooting is discussed. The latter method has distinct advantages for rock surface profiling. These include: calibration at the end points of the survey, measurement of vertical wave propagation velocities directly, and having a refracted wave ray path for almost the entire survey length.

The down hole shooting seismic refraction survey has been simulated with the digital computer. The method can handle any shaped rock surface profile and generates corresponding travel time curves for the forward and reverse profile surveys. This …

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 6, Summer 1972

Water Current Newsletter

OWRR Issues Bibliography Series
Water Problems Emphasized More by EPA
Irrigation with Feedlot Effluent Studies by ARS
Industry Largest Water User in US
Satellite Launch Open Study
Colorado River Salinity Costs to be Studied
House Approves $150,000 Appropriations to Study of Cross-Florida Barge Canal
EPA Banned DDT
USBR Announces Water Resources Thesaurus
Estimates of Nation's Energy Resources Made by USGS

Hydraulic And Sediment Transport Studies In Relation To River Sediment Control And Solid Waste Pollution And Economic Use Of The By-Products, Bruce R. Moore, Michael R. Short

KWRRI Research Reports

The distribution of sediments and conditions of transport were studied in the Kentucky, Big Sandy and Ohio Rivers. The sand and coal were in transport at different flow velocities for the rivers and the deposition of these sediments was a direct function of the flow conditions at a particular locality.

The flow conditions of transport of the sediments were studied in flumes as were the hydraulic conditions in model dredge holes to determine the feasibility of trapping sediment. The conditions of scour and fill were also established and compared with known conditions in a dredge hole in the Ohio River. …

Impact Of A Proposed Reservoir On Local Land Values, Philip Drucker, Charles R. Smith, Allen C. Turner

KWRRI Research Reports

This project was designed to study the impact of private preconstruction land acquisition in a Central Kentucky area in which a flood-control dam and reservoir impoundment is planned. The research design was built around use of anthropological concepts and research techniques. By these means it was possible to analyze the perceived values of land to traditionalist residents, among which social and economic security concepts are paramount. Recent land purchases, locally believed to have been made chiefly by "outsiders," (urbanites from nearby Louisville), at prices out of line in terms of local agricultural worth, has been extremely unsettling contributing to the …

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 5, May 1972

Water Current Newsletter

New Publications Available from NWRRI
Neuberger Named Chairman - Missouri RBC
Muskie's Pullout May Speed Up the Clearn Water Bill
UCOWR Report Nearing Completion
Clemson Developing Manpower-Training Project to Aid EPA
US and Russia to Cooperate on Water and other Problems
Summer Workshop at Toronto
Hydraulic Dredging Short Course
Dreding Operators Short Course
Government Buying of Waste Bonds is Urged by Treasury
WRC Asks Congress for More Money to Study Water Needs
New Organization
Real Estate Lakes Turning to Messes in a Year
Economic Implications of Pollution Control Policy
Cloud-Seeding Program for Southwestern Oklahoma
New Study Reports Released by Commission

Effect Of Bear River Storage On Water Quality In Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, Robert L. Nunan

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Since 1912 concentrations of the major anions and cations (except calcium) in Bear Lake water have shown a steady decrease which has been attributed to a dilution of Bear Lake by Bear River water, Bear Lake having been used as a reservoir for Bear River water since 1918. This study examined the changes which have occurred in Bear Lake water chemistry since 1912 and tested the validity of the dilution theory.

Simple water and salinity budgets were determined for the Bear Lake system and used to simulate the effect of Bear River storage patterns since 1918 on the concentrations of …

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 4, April 1972

Water Current Newsletter

New Publications Available from NWRRI
Summer Short Course Planned
NRD's to Become a Reality
Interior Secretary Declares New Legislation Needs
USGS to Step Up Water Resource Investigations
Leagues of Cities Asks for Uniform Pollution Policy
House Passes WPC Bill
Erosion Booklet Released by EPA
Rainfall on Lake Ontario to be Gauged by Radar
Seminar on Coastal Zone
Senate Passes National Environmental Laboratory Law System
American Water Resources Conferences, Call for Papers
Water Pollution Laws Could Shut Marginal Plants
Committee Asks Cutback in Use of Phosphorous
Department Recommends Two Nebraska Projects
Hearing on WRC Principles and Standards
Underground Waste Storage Not …

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 3, March 1972

Water Current Newsletter

1972 Annual Meeting of UCOWR
Summer Short Course Planned
Simulation of Water Resources Systems
Institute on Applications of Stochastic Methods in Civil Engineering
Institute on River Mechanics
Water Resources Systems - Short Course
International Symposium on Mathematical Modelling Techniques in Water Resources Systems
Seminar on Advances in Practical Hydrology
NWRA Resolutions
EPA to Be Advised By Experts on Sewage Plant Construction
GAO Questions EPA Insistence on Clean Waste Water
Study on Water Subsidies
EPA Bias for Sewage Hinders Farm Cleanup
Land Use Planning
Rural Development Act (HR 12931) Passed by House
Saline Water Bill Goes to House
1973 USGS Budget …

Carbon And Nitrogen As Regulators Of Algal Growth In Treated Sewage, Edward G. Foree, Charles Reece Scroggin

KWRRI Research Reports

Continuous flow algal cultures were grown under three different growth conditions using secondary sewage treatment plant effluent as the growth medium. The only variable within each run was the hydraulic residence time. The concentrations of growth regulating nutrients were varied between the runs so comparisons of the algal mass, composition, nutrient uptake, and genera could be made. The importance of CO₂ availability for algal growth was also studied. A kinetic theory which based algal growth on cellular nutrient concentration was verified. The second phase of the study was a batch culture study in which the same growth medium was …

A Perspective On Economic Impact, L. Douglas James, Donald M. Soule, William O. Thompson, John L. Fulmer, John C. Redman, Robert C. Tussey, John M. Higgins, Claude M. Vaughan, David H. Rosenbaum, Billy R. Prebble, Charles O. Dowell, John E. Sirles, Michael B. Hargrove, Clyde T. Bates, Kenneth G. Holbrook, Dennis H. Bianchi, John P. Breaden, Kenneth R. Harman

KWRRI Research Reports

The institutions responsible for water resources management in the United States have originated as political responses to major social issues. Each agency institutionalized a procedure for structuring and comparing alternatives in the formulation of its total program. Each agency originally sought to promote effective resolution of its social issue (flood control, development of arid lands, soil erosion, etc.), but more recent efforts have sought better coordination among agency practices through a common procedure largely derived from economic theory. Any procedure, however, varies in application with the interpretation and judgment of individual planners. Today, public pressures have brought political directives requiring …

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 2, February 1972

Water Current Newsletter

Dr. William Garner of EPA Presents Seminar
Nixon Wants to Control Wastes Put Into Earth
Global Circulation Study
Maine Center Renamed
Power Plant Siting Controversary
New Water Game
Clean Water
1973 USGS Budget Focuses on Earth Science Data
New Reports from the National Water Commission
Maine Researcher Devises System for Rating Pollution-Eutrophication Potential of Lakes
Remote Sensing Pamphlet Available
Proposed Revisions to Guidelines on Environmental Impact Statements
Research and Development Sources Sought
Return of Wastes to the Land
Cloud Seeding to be Pushed Harder Under 73 Budget
Holified Warns Californians on Ballot Proposal
73 Budget Cost for Environment Still Climbs

Water Resources News, Volume 4, No. 1, January 1972

Water Current Newsletter

House Hearings on Water Pollution Control
New Publications Available from the NWRRI
Coastal Zone Management
Ground Water Pollution
Economic Disclocation from Pollution Control
EPA Regulations
Waste Treatment Plant Guidelines
WRC Policy on Revision of Regional and River Basin Plans
Water Resources Council Outlines New Principles and Standards
Experts Advise on EPA on Sewage Plant Construction
Pollution Prevention Guide for Cottage Owners
Desalting Plant for Orange County, California
US Is Accelerating Desalting Programs
Farm Cleanup is Hindered by EPA Bias for Sewage
Sources Sought

A Survey Of The Fishes Of The Mulberry River, Arkansas, Larry L. Olmsted, Gary D. Hickman, Donald G. Cloutman

Technical Reports

Announcement of plans to dam Mulberry River, Arkansas, by the United States Army Corps of Engineers has generated some dispute. Most agruments against damming the stream revolve around environmental degradation and loss of aesthetic values. This report serves as a pre-impoundment survey of the fishes of the Mulberry River so that possible effects of impoundment can be more objectively assessed. Knowledge on the fishes of the Mulberry River is severely lacking. The first study was by Jordan and Gilbert (1886) who collected in the southern U.S. in July, August, and September, 1884. They collected in many streams in Arkansas including …

Water Quality And Benthos Of A Small East Central Illinois Stream, With A Selected Literature Review, Kenneth Lloyd Brummett

Masters Theses

Polecat Creek is an occasionally intermittent stream which drains approximately 18,368 acres in eastern Coles County, Illinois. It travels 15.2 miles through cropland and a partially wooded valley before it enters the Embarrass River 3 miles upstream from Lake Charleston. The stream ranges from 0.5 foot to 5 feet deep at a normal water level, with an average depth of 16 inches. It averages 12 feet wide, with a range from 4 to 20 feet.

A water quality study with 5 stations along the stream was conducted from January 1971 to July 1971. A qualitative benthos study at the same …

Calibration Of Parshall Flumes With Non-Standard Entrance Transitions, Cheng-Lung Chen, Calvin G. Clyde, Min-Shoung Chu, Chi-Yuan Wei

Reports

The 9-ince and 18-inch Parshall flumes with the throat section installed level with the bottom of an incoming pipe were tested. The measured discharges for given flow depths (free flow) or differences in flow depths (submerged flow) were found to deviate quite significantly fromt he computed standard Parshall flume disharges at both low and high flow rates. New empirical formulats have been developed to take such deviations into account. It is noted that values of the coefficients and exponents contained in the new formulas depend on the throat size of the flume and the slope of the incoming pipe. Calibration …

Limitations Of Some Finite Difference Methods In Solving The Strongly Nonlinear Equation Of Unsaturated Flow In Soils, Roland W. Jeppson

Reports

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Resistance Coefficients For Large Bed Element Streams, D. E. Overton, Harl E. Judd, C. W. Johnson

Reports

This is a report of a comparison of Darcy resistance coefficients calculafed for previously reported laboratory data and those calculated for large bed element streams. Large bed element (LBE) streams exist frequently in nature where rocks derived from valley walls or from channels cutting through ancient glacial or fluvial deposits are moved only under conditions of extreme flood. The height of bed elements is a significant part of the mean depth of flow. The stream gradients are high and are quite stable for all but the highest flows.

A National Survey Of Manpower Utilization And Future Needs Of Consulting Engineering Firms Engaged In Water Pollution Control, E. Joe Middlebrooks

Reports

Introduction: As part of the overall evaluation of manpower needs in the environmental field, a survey of architectural and engineering firms was jointly sponsored by the Consulting Engineers Council, the American Association of Professors in Sanitary Engineering and the Environmental Protection Agency. A questionnaire was mailed to 8,.5. engineering and architectural firms that subscribe to the magazine

Effects Of Land Use On Water Quality: Summit Creek, Smithfield, Utah, David W. Meyers, E. Joe Middlebrooks, Donald B. Porcella

Reports

The effects of various land uses on water quality in Summit Creek were evaluated during the period beginning March 13, 1971, and ending October 27, 1971. Potential sources of pollution investigated where: (1) septic tank use, (2) feedlot runoff, (3) urban runoff, (4) rural runoff. Samples were collected from five sampling stations on 16 separate days during the sampling period. Analyses were performed to determine the following constituents: ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, total phosphorus, orthophosphate, coliform bacteria, chloride, suspended solids, volatile suspended solids, total carbon, organic carbon, temperature, and pH. Agricultural activates, including livestock feedlot operations, were identified as the major …

Development Of Regional Supply Functions And A Least-Cost Model For Allocating Water Resources In Utah: A Parametric Linear Programming Approach, Alton B. King, Jay C. Andersen, Calvin G. Clyde, Daniel H. Hoggan

Reports

The development and allocation of the water resourcse within a state require water planners to prepare plans far in advance of the actual time new facilities are required. It is not easy to identify and evaluate all the possible alternatives for providing water which incorporate broad objectives such as economic efficiency, social welfare, regional development, recreation benefits, and conservation of environment. Water resources development entails the modification of a natural hydrologic system to better meet man's needs. The interrelationships among elements of the hydrologic system to better meet man's needs. The interrelationships among elements of the hydrologic system are relatively …

Experimental Study Of Water Hammer In Buried Pvc And Permastran Pipes, Roland W. Jeppson, Gordon H. Flammer, Gary Z. Watters

Reports

No abstract provided.