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Articles 1 - 10 of 10
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Synthesis And Characterization Of 4,6-Protected Glucosamine Derivatives And Branched Glycoconjugates, Jonathan Bietsch
Synthesis And Characterization Of 4,6-Protected Glucosamine Derivatives And Branched Glycoconjugates, Jonathan Bietsch
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) are small molecules that self-assemble in appropriate solvents to form three dimensional networks that immobilize the solvent, creating a supramolecular gel. The self-assembly of LMWGs occurs through non-covalent interactions such as hydrogen bonding, aromatic interactions, donor-acceptor interactions, Van der Waals interactions, hydrophobic forces, halogen bonding, etc. Due to self-assembly occurring through reversible non-covalent interactions, supramolecular gels can undergo a gel to solution transformation. Because of this, these materials can be sensitive to external stimuli such as temperature changes, pH changes, and other stimuli that effect non-covalent interactions. This makes the synthesis of LMWG’s an appealing …
Genetically Engineered Thermosynechococcus Elongatus Bp1: Assessment Of Potential Biorisks And Biofuel Production, Thu Ho Anh Nguyen-Jones
Genetically Engineered Thermosynechococcus Elongatus Bp1: Assessment Of Potential Biorisks And Biofuel Production, Thu Ho Anh Nguyen-Jones
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
According to the International Energy Outlook 2019, released by the U.S. Energy Information Administration, it is projected that the energy consumption will increase up to 50% between 2018 and 2050 worldwide. As fossil fuel being a finite source of energy with the risk of depletion, many countries are now facing an energy security crisis. Therefore, it is important to develop other renewable and sustainable energy sources that will allow countries to shift away from depending on fossil fuels. Among several types of renewable energy, biofuel production using genetically engineered cyanobacteria is capturing much interest due to its many advantages. Different …
Design, Synthesis And Characterization Of Carbohydrate Based Macrocycles, Photo Responsive Derivatives, And Glycoconjugates Based Low Molecular Weight Gelators, Surya Bahadur Adhikari
Design, Synthesis And Characterization Of Carbohydrate Based Macrocycles, Photo Responsive Derivatives, And Glycoconjugates Based Low Molecular Weight Gelators, Surya Bahadur Adhikari
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Functional glycoconjugates are important classes of compounds with many applications in different research fields. Our lab has been studying the synthesis and applications of different classes of glycoconjugates ranging from macrocycles to sugar heterocycle derivatives. Due to the importance of these compounds, our research is based on development of synthetic methods for various carbohydrate derivatives. This dissertation includes introduction and overview of projects, followed by the synthesis and studies of several different series of glycomacrolactones. The second project focuses on two classes of photoresponsive molecules, the coumarins and diarylethenes. The third project involves the synthesis and self-assembling properties of isoxazole-based …
The Development Of Novel Carbohydrate-Based Gelators And Their Applications As Advanced Soft Materials, Joedian Morris
The Development Of Novel Carbohydrate-Based Gelators And Their Applications As Advanced Soft Materials, Joedian Morris
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) are attractive molecules that have been explored extensively due to their practical applications in many disciplines. These small molecules self-assemble forming solid-like gels via three-dimensional cross-linked networks with the solvent as the key component within the matrix. Carbohydrate-based LMWGs are small molecules that can form solid-like gels in water, organic solvents, and aqueous solutions. They have great potential to be utilized in different applications because carbohydrates are biocompatible and can be made from easily accessible and renewable resources. Designing gelators is still a challenge within the field, even though researchers have developed tools to predict …
Improvement Of Biochar Through Ozonization And Biosafety Of Genetically Engineered Cyanobacteria, Oumar Sacko
Improvement Of Biochar Through Ozonization And Biosafety Of Genetically Engineered Cyanobacteria, Oumar Sacko
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Through the innovative technique of biochar post-production surface oxygenation by ozonization, we were able to improve certain properties of biochar. In project one, the incubation of an insoluble phosphate rock material (hydroxyapatite) with the wet ozonized pine 400 biochar and its filtrate resulted in a solubilization of 80 times more phosphate from hydroxyapatite (569.0 mg/L ± 6.4) compared to the pure water-hydroxyapatite control (7.2 mg/L ± 0.3). The ozonized biochar may provide a new possible way to unlock the phosphorus from insoluble phosphate mineral phases. The cation exchange capacity (CEC) is a key property of biochar when used as a …
Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Ion Transport Through Electrically Stressed Biological Membranes, Federica Castellani
Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of Ion Transport Through Electrically Stressed Biological Membranes, Federica Castellani
Biomedical Engineering Theses & Dissertations
The cell membrane is a selectively permeable barrier that controls the transport of ions, molecules, and other materials into and out of a cell. The manipulation of the cell membrane permeability is the basis for several biotechnological and biomedical applications, including electroporation. Electroporation (or electropermeabilization) occurs when the application of an external electric pulse causes water intrusion into the membrane interior and the formation of conductive transmembrane electropores. These electropores allow drugs, genetic material, and other normally impermeant molecules to enter a cell. Despite years of study, the complex mechanisms underlying this process are still not well understood. Molecular dynamics …
Computational Analysis Of Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase: Potential Inhibitors, Substrate Binding, And Dimer Structure, Eric Scott Marsan
Computational Analysis Of Type 3 Iodothyronine Deiodinase: Potential Inhibitors, Substrate Binding, And Dimer Structure, Eric Scott Marsan
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Thyroid hormones (THs) in mammalian tissues are crucial for development and maintaining metabolic homeostasis. Iodothyronine deiodinases (Dios) remove iodines from THs by a selenocysteine (Sec) residue, which either activates or inactivates them. Halogen bonding (XB) has been proposed to describe the interaction between the Se and I atoms of the T4-Dio complex. Disruption of TH homeostasis by xenobiotics, such as polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) can cause deleterious effects on the endocrine system. Experimental studies have indicated that PBDEs and PCBs could disrupt TH homeostasis by inhibiting Dio through XB formation. However, no current quantitative study exists …
Biophysical Characterization Of The Par-4 Tumor Suppressor: Evidence Of Structure Outside The Coiled Coil Domain And Interactions With Platinum Chemotherapeutics, Andrea Megan Clark
Biophysical Characterization Of The Par-4 Tumor Suppressor: Evidence Of Structure Outside The Coiled Coil Domain And Interactions With Platinum Chemotherapeutics, Andrea Megan Clark
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Prostate apoptosis response-4 (Par-4) is an apoptosis-inducing tumor suppressor protein. Full-length Par-4 has previously been shown to be a predominantly intrinsically disordered protein (IDP) under neutral conditions, with significant regular secondary structure evident only within the C-terminal coiled coil domain. However, IDPs can gain ordered structure through the process of induced folding, which often occurs under non-neutral conditions. Previous work has shown that the Par-4 leucine zipper, which is a subset of the C-terminal coiled coil domain, is disordered under neutral conditions, but forms a dimeric coiled coil at acidic pH. Increase in ionic strength was also shown to increase …
Evaluating The Role Of The Stringent Response Mechanism In Clostridioides Difficile Survival And Pathogenesis, Astha Pokhrel
Evaluating The Role Of The Stringent Response Mechanism In Clostridioides Difficile Survival And Pathogenesis, Astha Pokhrel
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
The human pathogen Clostridioides difficile is increasingly tolerant of multiple antibiotics and causes infections with a high rate of recurrence, creating an urgent need for new preventive and therapeutic strategies. The stringent response, a universal bacterial response to extracellular stresses, governs antibiotic survival and pathogenesis in diverse organisms but has not previously been characterized in C. difficile. This dissertation explores the ability of C. difficile to mount the stringent response. The bacteria encode a full-length, canonical bifunctional Rel/Spo Homolog or RSH enzyme. C. difficile RSH is incapable of utilizing GTP as a substrate but readily synthesizes putative 5’-pGpp-3’ alarmones. …
Computational And Experimental Investigation Into The Determinants Of Protein Structure, Folding, And Stability In The Β-Grasp Superfamily, John T. Bedford Ii
Computational And Experimental Investigation Into The Determinants Of Protein Structure, Folding, And Stability In The Β-Grasp Superfamily, John T. Bedford Ii
Chemistry & Biochemistry Theses & Dissertations
Elucidating the mechanisms of protein folding and unfolding is one of the greatest scientific challenges in basic science. The overarching goal is to predict three-dimensional structures from their amino acid sequences. Understanding the determinants of protein folding and stability can be facilitated through the study of evolutionarily related but diverse proteins. Insights can also be gained through the study of proteins from extremophiles that may more closely resemble the primordial proteins. In this doctoral research, three aims were accomplished to characterize the structure, folding and unfolding behavior within the β-grasp superfamily. We propose that the determinants of structure, stability, and …