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Theses and Major Papers

1986

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Articles 1 - 14 of 14

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

A Scientific Application For Remotely Operated Vehicles, Mark S. Gustafson Jul 1986

A Scientific Application For Remotely Operated Vehicles, Mark S. Gustafson

Theses and Major Papers

Although Remotely Operated Vehicles (ROVs) have been employed in the underwater circuit since the mid-1990s, their impact upon the ocean community has not been felt until the past decade. The remotely operated vehicle (ROV) industry developed from the needs of the oil and gas community to find a cost efficient, and safe method of replacing man and manned submersibles underwater. However, marine scientists have been reluctant to accept this tool as part of their research inventory. The slowness of technological transfer stems from several issues: the lack of quantifiable results; the untried technology; and a lack of awareness. The objective …

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Fishermen's Personal Injuries: A New Look At The Fishing Industry's Insurance Crisis, Frederic M. Fairfield May 1986

Fishermen's Personal Injuries: A New Look At The Fishing Industry's Insurance Crisis, Frederic M. Fairfield

Theses and Major Papers

Increasing cost and shrinking availability of marine insurance have resulted in serious problems for broad sectors of the nation's commercial fishing fleet. Sharp reductions in the availability of Protection and Indemnity coverage have idled vessels nationwide regardless of individual safety records. The causes of the current problem are varied and numerous, with significant roles played by the fishing industry, the regulatory framework, the insurance industry, and the legal remedies involved. Ultimately, the solution will require both a reduction in the frequency of fishermen's injuries and modifications to the present compensation system, reducing insurance costs while security equitable compensation for the …

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As Assessment Of The Fisheries Research Program Of The National Marine Fisheries Service, Gary Page Bulmer May 1986

As Assessment Of The Fisheries Research Program Of The National Marine Fisheries Service, Gary Page Bulmer

Theses and Major Papers

The nation's fishery management regime has three primary sets of players: the scientific advisors, the managers, and the fishermen. The advisors include federal agencies, state agencies, universities, regional and interstate bodies, and international bodies. The National Marie Fisheries Service (NMFS) has the lead role as scientific advisor. As used here "management" is defined broadly to include the instructions and funding that the researchers are given. "Fisheries research" is also defined broadly for the purposes of this paper. It means the collection of any biological, economic, or social information which is relevant to fisheries management.

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Management Of Marine Fisheries Resources In Peninsular Malaysia, Abdul Jamal Mydin Jan 1986

Management Of Marine Fisheries Resources In Peninsular Malaysia, Abdul Jamal Mydin

Theses and Major Papers

The inshore fisheries of Peninsular Malaysia are intensively exploited on the east coast and over-exploited on the west coast. Fishing effort and investment need to be reduced, particularly on the west coast. This is important in order to make harvest more economically efficient in terms of manpower and capital and to conserve the resources. Since 1981 Malaysia has adopted a Fisheries Licensing Policy addressed to (1) the elimination of the competition and ensuing conflict between the traditional fishermen and minitrawler fishermen in inshore waters; (2) the prevention of over-exploitation of the fishery resources in the inshore waters; and (3) the …

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Murky Waters: United States Port Capacity And Dredging Issues, Peter John Rochford Jan 1986

Murky Waters: United States Port Capacity And Dredging Issues, Peter John Rochford

Theses and Major Papers

The events of this decade has brought public attention on the adequacy of United States ports to serve the nation's needs. Many experts involved in maritime transportation have noted that the United States would be able to enjoy economies of scale associated with large vessels only if the United States developed substantially deeper ports capable of handling these large vessels. Although the apparent advantages and trends to larger vessels in the world fleet were evident, recent history has seen little in the way of a response to these perceived needs for deeper United States ports. This study addresses important issues …

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The Canadian And Soviet Claims To The Arctic Sea Routes: A Comparative Study, Raymond C. Bourgeois Jan 1986

The Canadian And Soviet Claims To The Arctic Sea Routes: A Comparative Study, Raymond C. Bourgeois

Theses and Major Papers

The Arctic Polar Region is becoming increasingly important in terms of strategic operations. especially on the part of the superpowers. Surrounding the Arctic Ocean are two passages through which international navigation is possible. The Northwest Passage lies within Canada's coastline. and the Northeast Passage. within the Soviet Union's northern shores. Both countries have advanced claims to the effect that the waters of these passages are under their respective exclusive jurisdiction; thus. they are claiming these as their internal waters. The US disagrees and maintains that the waters of those northern Arctic sea routes are international waters. This paper discusses the …

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A Review Of The Management And Current Status Of Northern Fur Seals Of The Pribilof Islands, Holly Hansell Jan 1986

A Review Of The Management And Current Status Of Northern Fur Seals Of The Pribilof Islands, Holly Hansell

Theses and Major Papers

The North pacific fur seals of Alaska's Pribilof Islands have been subjected to commercial harvest for nearly 200 years. The harvest has been regulated under international agreement almost continuously since 1911; first under the 1911 North Pacific Fur Seal Convention, and following that under the 1957 Interim Convention on Conservation of North Pacific Fur Seals. Both Conventions banned pelagic sealing and divided the restricted land harvest among the four member states, the United States, Canada, Japan, and the Soviet Union. Management under the 1911 convention resulted in a steady increase in the severely depleted fur seal herd, restoring the population …

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The Development Of The Shrimp Mariculture Industry In Ecuador And Its Impact On The U.S. Market, Richard A. Norton Jan 1986

The Development Of The Shrimp Mariculture Industry In Ecuador And Its Impact On The U.S. Market, Richard A. Norton

Theses and Major Papers

The demand for tropical shrimp is increasing at a much higher rate than other fish and seafood commodities. With this increase in demand, there has been enormous interest to expand global shrimp production. Mariculture, the term used to describe the practice of farming animal and/or plant life from the sea, has created new opportunities and problems for the future of the global shrimp industry. Since shrimp is considered a high-value food commodity, the development has drawn interest from many United States and European investors. One country in particular, Ecuador, which will be the focus of this discussion, has exemplified many …

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Acid Deposition: Legal And Political Controversies, Noelle F. Lewis Jan 1986

Acid Deposition: Legal And Political Controversies, Noelle F. Lewis

Theses and Major Papers

Acid rain is more accurately referred to as acid deposition since acidity is deposited in both the wet and dry form. Acid rain results from the conversion of sulfur and nitrogen gases to sulfates and nitrates, respectively. In the United States, sulfur compounds are responsible for about two-thirds of the acidity in precipitation; nitrogen compounds, one-third. In 1980, man-made sources in the United States emitted approximately 26 million tons of sulfur dioxide and 21 million tons nitrogen oxides. Within the United States, the major sources of sulfur dioxide emissions, approximately 90-95% of the total, are electric generating utilities, industrial boilers, …

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American Coastwise Trade Law, Mark Dean Aspinwall Jan 1986

American Coastwise Trade Law, Mark Dean Aspinwall

Theses and Major Papers

Federal involvement in the shipping industry dates back to 1789. Since then, governmental efforts to promote the American merchant marine have taken a variety of forms, including the prohibition of foreign shipping from the coastwise trade. To this end, laws have been enacted which deal with specific activities considered to be coastwise trade in nature and which ban the use of foreign-flag and, in some cases, foreign-built ships from those activities. However, the laws are narrowly worded and archaic, and have been unable to adequately address modern trends in coastal commerce. Maritime service industries have emerged in recent years which …

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Investment Opportunities In The Nigerian Fishing Industry, Ayotunde M. Giwa Jan 1986

Investment Opportunities In The Nigerian Fishing Industry, Ayotunde M. Giwa

Theses and Major Papers

The major problem facing the Nigerian fishing industry is in its inability to satisfy the demand for tasty yet inexpensive animal protein. Nigeria's marine biological resources are limited and the Gulf of Guinea is among the poorest in the whole of West Africa. Nigeria's population is estimated to have reached about 100 million and is growing at 3.09 per cent per annum. Nigeria's fishing industry is multi-sectoral and composed of the riverine, lake, coastal, estuarine, and culture fisheries. Together they constituted about 1.5 per cent of the GDP in 1976. Up to the present moment, the National has relied on …

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Analysis Of A Worst Case Oil Spill Eis, Galveston, Gail Elizabeth Meisner Jan 1986

Analysis Of A Worst Case Oil Spill Eis, Galveston, Gail Elizabeth Meisner

Theses and Major Papers

On July 8, 1980, the Galveston district of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps) issued the permits required for the construction of an onshore deepwater port. The proposed port expansion project has been the subject of extensive controversy and litigation. The primary conflict has centered on the exclusion of a worst case oil spill analysis, as required by recent Council on Environmental Quality (CEQ) regulations. A rational-deductive approach to this decision leads to the conclusion that the economically and environmentally favored choice would have been to include the worst case analysis in the initial Environmental Impact Statement (EIS). Because …

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Satellite Remote Sensing And Fisheries Applications, Holly M. Turton Jan 1986

Satellite Remote Sensing And Fisheries Applications, Holly M. Turton

Theses and Major Papers

Satellite remote sensing has the capacity to aid the three major components of a fishery: research, management, and the fishing industry. An evaluation of the potential of satellite-derived data to the fishery is based upon six case studies which are presented as evidence of the capabilities of satellite-borne sensors. Peripheral applications pertaining to the marine environment and possible applications for the future are reviewed. Three basic categories of remote sensing programs related to the fishery are defined: one to test the applicability of the technology to the field of fisheries; another to employ the technology to fisheries research; and a …

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Containerized Cargo Flow Analysis Between The United States And The Far East, Bi-Chou Wei Jan 1986

Containerized Cargo Flow Analysis Between The United States And The Far East, Bi-Chou Wei

Theses and Major Papers

Within less than a decade, containerization has revolutionized maritime general cargo transportation throughout major world trade routes, especially the trade routes between the Far East and the United States. Few commodity flow studies have focused on this latest innovation in maritime transport. To most of the rapidly developing state-owned Far East shipping industries, an understanding of container flow variation and port calling preference with U.S. seaports has become essential in order to maximize investments and to rationalize services. By applying 1974, 1977, and 1980 Far East/U.S. container flow data, this study intends to explore the non-physical and economic elements which …

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