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Articles 1 - 25 of 25
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Reverse Drag Revisited: Why Footwall Deformation May Be The Key To Inferring Listric Fault Geometry, Phillip G. Resor, David D. Pollard
Reverse Drag Revisited: Why Footwall Deformation May Be The Key To Inferring Listric Fault Geometry, Phillip G. Resor, David D. Pollard
Phillip G Resor
Although reverse drag, the down warping of hanging wall strata toward a normal fault, is widely accepted as an indicator of listric fault geometry, previous studies have shown that similar folding may form in response to slip on faults of finite vertical extent with listric or planar geometry. In this study we therefore seek more general criteria for inferring subsurface fault geometry from observations of near-surface deformation by directly comparing patterns of displacement, stress, and strain around planar and listric faults, as predicted by elastic boundary element models. In agreement with previous work, we find that models with finite planar, …
Forward Modeling Synsedimentary Deformation Associated With A Prograding Steep-Sloped Carbonate Margin, Phillip G. Resor
Forward Modeling Synsedimentary Deformation Associated With A Prograding Steep-Sloped Carbonate Margin, Phillip G. Resor
Phillip G Resor
Differential compaction associated with prograding and aggrading steep-rimmed carbonate margins leads to penecontemporaneous and post- depositional modifications of stratal geometries and tensile and shear stress concentrations that result in brittle deformation. In an effort to investigate controls on these deformation processes, we employ a step-wise gravity loaded elastic model that captures pre-failure displacement and stress field patterns for a depositional geometry based on the Permian Capitan depositional system, Guadalupe Mountains, West Texas and New Mexico, USA. We consider four model geometries with varying progradation to aggradation (P/A) ratio, from strongly prograding (P/A=10) to strongly aggrading (P/A=0.1). The strongly prograding case …
Slip Heterogeneity On A Corrugated Fault, Phillip G. Resor, Vanessa E. Meer
Slip Heterogeneity On A Corrugated Fault, Phillip G. Resor, Vanessa E. Meer
Phillip G Resor
Slip heterogeneity reflects the fundamental physics of earthquake rupture and has been attributed to strong fault patches termed asperities or barriers. We propose that variations in fault-surface orientation due to slip-parallel corrugations may act as geometric asperities and barriers, generating variations in incremental (i.e. due to a single earthquake) slip across a fault surface. We evaluate this hypothesis using observations from the Arkitsa normal fault exposure in central Greece. A scan of the Arkitsa fault surface with 1-m spatial resolution and mm-scale precision reveals corrugations made up of 1–5 m wide synforms, antiforms, and nearly planar fault sections with long …
Forward Modeling Synsedimentary Deformation Associated With A Prograding Steep-Rimmed Carbonate Margin, Phillip Resor
Forward Modeling Synsedimentary Deformation Associated With A Prograding Steep-Rimmed Carbonate Margin, Phillip Resor
Phillip G Resor
No abstract provided.
Cracking And Crumbling: Exploring Mechanisms Of Dike Emplacement, Teaching Structural Geology In The 21st Century, Resources For Teaching Structural Geology, Phillip Resor
Phillip G Resor
No abstract provided.
Teaching Structural Geology Through Integrated Field Observation And Modeling, Phillip Resor
Teaching Structural Geology Through Integrated Field Observation And Modeling, Phillip Resor
Phillip G Resor
Research in Earth and Environmental Sciences is becoming increasingly quantitative and process-based. This trend is driven by the widespread availability of digital data sets and high-power computing as well as the need to develop predictive models of earth processes to address societal problems. To address these changes in the field I integrate traditional aspects of structural geology including field observation and three-dimensional visualization with quantitative process-based methods in a series of topical course modules. Two examples of this approach are: 1) An integrated investigation into rock fracture that includes performing Nick Nickelsen's plaster of paris dike in Jello experiment (Davis …
Photogrammetric 3d Mapping Of The Permian Reef, Nm And Tx, Usa, Phillip Resor, George Bennum, Eric Flodin, Jeremy Fairbanks
Photogrammetric 3d Mapping Of The Permian Reef, Nm And Tx, Usa, Phillip Resor, George Bennum, Eric Flodin, Jeremy Fairbanks
Phillip G Resor
Although the Permian Capitan depositional system is perhaps one of the best-exposed and most thoroughly studied steep-rimmed carbonate systems, the role of synsedimentary deformation in the development of the platform geometry is still poorly understood. We have undertaken an effort to map 3D stratal and structural architecture in two regions of the Guadalupe Mountains, Slaughter and Big Canyons, to better constrain present-day geometry and quantify the distribution and magnitude of syn- and post-depositional deformation. The resulting 3D geologic models serve to inform and constrain mechanical models aimed at understanding the process of synsedimentary deformation, including formation of early fracture systems …
Integrating Geomechanical Modeling And Three-Dimensional Mapping To Constrain Deformation Associated With Growth Of The Permian Capitan Reef Complex, Phillip Resor, Eric Flodin
Integrating Geomechanical Modeling And Three-Dimensional Mapping To Constrain Deformation Associated With Growth Of The Permian Capitan Reef Complex, Phillip Resor, Eric Flodin
Phillip G Resor
The stratal geometry of the Permian Capitan Reef Complex has been influenced by syn-sedimentary deformation including tilting, folding, Previous HitfracturingTop, and faulting of strata. The importance of these effects has been a topic of debate for decades and impacts our understanding of the initial sedimentary geometry as well as the distribution of early-formed fracture systems. We use geomechanical finite element modeling to predict the magnitude and distribution of syn-sedimentary deformation associated with a prograding shelf margin. The model is linear elastic with heterogeneous layering comprised of four principal facies (platform, reef, upper slope, and lower slope/basin). In order to simulate …
Deformation Associated With A Continental Normal Fault System, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona, Phillip G. Resor
Deformation Associated With A Continental Normal Fault System, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona, Phillip G. Resor
Phillip G Resor
Reverse-drag folds are often used to infer subsurface fault geometry in extended terrains, yet details of how these folds form in association with slip on normal fault systems are poorly understood. Detailed structural mapping and global positioning system (GPS) surveying of the Frog Fault and Lone Mountain Monocline in the western Grand Canyon demonstrate a systematic relationship between elements of the normal fault system and fold geometry. The Lone Mountain Monocline, which parallels the Frog Fault, is made up of two half-monoclinal flexures: a hanging-wall fold in which dips gradually increase toward the fault over ~1.5 km reaching a maximum …
Characterizing Geometry, Kinematics, And Fracturing Of A Wavy Fault Surface, Arkitsa, Greece, Phillip Resor, Vanessa Meer
Characterizing Geometry, Kinematics, And Fracturing Of A Wavy Fault Surface, Arkitsa, Greece, Phillip Resor, Vanessa Meer
Phillip G Resor
The Arkitsa fault is a high angle normal fault within the Gulf of Evvia rift system of central Greece. Quarrying of hanging wall sediments has exposed a 600 m length of a wavy footwall fault surface within Triassic/Jurassic platform carbonates. This excellent exposure enables examination of fault damage zone processes up to hundred meter scale. Using a robotic reflectorless total station we create a virtual fault surface with 1-m spatial resolution and sub-cm precision that extends over a length of 250 m and a vertical height of 60 m. Zones of extreme curvature (antiforms and synforms) parallel the average slip …
Fracturing In A Reverse Drag Fold, Parashant Canyon, Az, Phillip Resor, Patrick Welsh
Fracturing In A Reverse Drag Fold, Parashant Canyon, Az, Phillip Resor, Patrick Welsh
Phillip G Resor
The western Grand Canyon is a natural laboratory for investigating processes of continental extension due to the great vertical exposure (> 1 km) and the relatively simple pre-extensional structure. We have undertaken a detailed field study of joint frequency in Parashant Canyon, a natural cross-section through the normal fault related Lone Mountain monocline, in order to better understand the role that joints play in accommodating extensional folding. The Lone Mountain monocline is made up of two half-monoclinal flexures: a hanging wall fold in which dips gradually increase toward the fault from a regional dip of 2° to a maximum dip …
Integrating High-Precision Aftershock Locations And Geodetic Observations To Model Coseismic Deformation Associated With The 1995 Kozani-Grevena Earthquake, Greece, Phillip G. Resor, David Pollard, T J. Wright, G C. Beroza
Integrating High-Precision Aftershock Locations And Geodetic Observations To Model Coseismic Deformation Associated With The 1995 Kozani-Grevena Earthquake, Greece, Phillip G. Resor, David Pollard, T J. Wright, G C. Beroza
Phillip G Resor
We integrate high-precision aftershock locations with geodetic inverse modeling to create a more complete kinematic model for the Kozani-Grevena earthquake sequence. Using the double-difference algorithm, we have improved relative hypocentral locations by a factor of ∼7 and thus imaged the details of the fault network associated with the seismic sequence. The interpreted fault network consists of multiple segments including (1) a master normal fault that strikes nearly due west and dips toward the north at 43°, extending from 6 to 15 km depth; (2) an upper segment that connects the top of the seismicity to the observed surface ruptures and …
Inverting For Slip On Three-Dimensional Fault Surfaces Using Angular Dislocations, Phillip G. Resor, David Pollard, Frantz Maerten, Laurent Maerten
Inverting For Slip On Three-Dimensional Fault Surfaces Using Angular Dislocations, Phillip G. Resor, David Pollard, Frantz Maerten, Laurent Maerten
Phillip G Resor
The increasing quality of geodetic data (synthetic aperture radar interferometry [INSAR] dense Global Positioning System [GPS] arrays) now available to geophysicists and geologists are not fully exploited in slip-inversion procedures. Most common methods of inversion use rectangular dislocation segments to model fault ruptures and therefore oversimplify fault geometries. These geometric simplifications can lead to inconsistencies when inverting for slip on earthquake faults, and they preclude a more complete understanding of the role of fault geometry in the earthquake process. We have developed a new three-dimensional slip-inversion method based on the analytical solution for an angular dislocation in a linear-elastic, homogeneous, …
Hartford Basin Cross Section – Southington To Portland, Ct, Phillip G. Resor, J Z. Deboer
Hartford Basin Cross Section – Southington To Portland, Ct, Phillip G. Resor, J Z. Deboer
Phillip G Resor
No abstract provided.
Laramie Peak Shear System, Central Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, Usa: Regeneration Of The Archean Wyoming Province During Palaeoproterozoic Accretion, Phillip G. Resor, Arthur W. Snoke
Laramie Peak Shear System, Central Laramie Mountains, Wyoming, Usa: Regeneration Of The Archean Wyoming Province During Palaeoproterozoic Accretion, Phillip G. Resor, Arthur W. Snoke
Phillip G Resor
The Laramie Peak shear system (LPSS) is a 10 km-thick zone of heterogeneous general shear (non-coaxial) that records significant tectonic regeneration of middle-lower crustal rocks of the Archean Wyoming province. The shear system is related to the 1.78–1.74 Ga Medicine Bow orogeny that involved the collision of an oceanic-arc terrane (Colorado province or Green Mountain block or arc) with the rifted, southern margin of the Wyoming province. The style and character of deformation associated with the LPSS is distinctive: a strong, penetrative (mylonitic) foliation commonly containing a moderately steep, SW-plunging elongation lineation. In mylonitic quartzo-feldspathic gneisses of the Fletcher Park …
Western End Of The Honey Hill Fault Along The Eastern Bank Of The Connecticut River, Phillip G. Resor, J Z. Deboer
Western End Of The Honey Hill Fault Along The Eastern Bank Of The Connecticut River, Phillip G. Resor, J Z. Deboer
Phillip G Resor
No abstract provided.
An Analog And Mathematical Modeling Resource Catalog For Undergraduate Structural Geology Courses, Phillip Resor, John Stimac, Michelle Cooke, Juliet Crider, Dazhi Jiang, Basil Tikoff, Jamie Toro
An Analog And Mathematical Modeling Resource Catalog For Undergraduate Structural Geology Courses, Phillip Resor, John Stimac, Michelle Cooke, Juliet Crider, Dazhi Jiang, Basil Tikoff, Jamie Toro
Phillip G Resor
The Modeling Structural Processes Working Group of the recent NAGT Workshop: "Teaching Structural Geology in the 21st Century" (TSG21) presents a catalog of models used in the teaching of structural geology to undergraduate students. Structural geology models are simplified constructs of complex earth system processes that have long been known to engage students and enhance their intuition of the deformation of earth materials. We recognize four classes of models: conceptual models, data representation models (including maps, stereonets, three-dimensional renderings, and statistical descriptions), analog models (including experiments with rock and non-rock materials), and mathematical models (including analytical expressions and deterministic or …
Inverting For Heterogeneous Slip On Three-Dimensional Fault Systems; A First Step Toward Understanding Fault Mechanics, Phillip Resor, D Pollard, F Maerten
Inverting For Heterogeneous Slip On Three-Dimensional Fault Systems; A First Step Toward Understanding Fault Mechanics, Phillip Resor, D Pollard, F Maerten
Phillip G Resor
Many studies of earthquake triggering and fault interaction have relied on highly-idealized fault geometries and slip distributions. Geological and geophysical observations, however, reveal that faults typically are not single planar surfaces with uniform slip bounded by rectangular tiplines, but are composed of multiple curved surfaces with curved tiplines and heterogeneous slip distributions. The segments typically are organized into echelon, conjugate, and intersecting patterns. The discontinuities, bends, intersections, and slip heterogeneities generate stress concentrations that may promote or inhibit slip on nearby faults and thus play an important role in the mechanics of fault systems. It is therefore important to incorporate …
Deformation Associated With A Continental Normal Fault System, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona, Phillip Resor, David Pollard
Deformation Associated With A Continental Normal Fault System, Western Grand Canyon, Arizona, Phillip Resor, David Pollard
Phillip G Resor
In the western Grand Canyon, the Colorado River cuts through a series of moderate offset normal faults that mark the transition between the Colorado Plateau and the Basin and Range tectonic provinces. Both hanging wall and footwall rocks are exposed over > 1,000 m of vertical section, and contain relatively simple pre-existing structures. The area thus presents an opportunity to investigate processes of continental extension without cross-cutting fault patterns and large rotations typical of much of the Basin and Range. We have mapped 8 km of the Froggy Fault, including ~ 600 m of vertical section, and deformed strata of the …
Slip Inversion On Complex Fault Surfaces Using Angular Elastic Dislocations, Phillip Resor, L Maerten, F Maerten
Slip Inversion On Complex Fault Surfaces Using Angular Elastic Dislocations, Phillip Resor, L Maerten, F Maerten
Phillip G Resor
We present a new 3D slip-inversion method based on the analytical solution of an angular dislocation in a linear-elastic, homogeneous, isotropic, whole- or half-space. The approach uses a boundary element method (BEM) that employs planar triangular elements of constant displacement to model fault surfaces. Discretization of surfaces into triangular boundary elements allows the construction of complex 3D fault surfaces with irregular tipline and no overlaps or gaps. A damped least squares method is used to minimize the functional ¶llel.b-d∥2+ɛ^{2}∥ bigtriangledown .b∥ ^{2},where b represents the slip distribution on the faults, φ the influence coefficient matrix and d the observed deformation …
Improved 3d Modeling Of Complex Fault Geometries Using Poly3d, An Elastic Boundary Element Code, Phillip Resor, D Pollard, F Maerten, L Maerten, J Muller, A Aydin
Improved 3d Modeling Of Complex Fault Geometries Using Poly3d, An Elastic Boundary Element Code, Phillip Resor, D Pollard, F Maerten, L Maerten, J Muller, A Aydin
Phillip G Resor
Recent advances in geologic mapping, aftershock location, and reflection seismology allow geoscientists to image surface and subsurface structures with greater precision. These images demonstrate that earthquake ruptures typically occur along faults or fault systems that display complex 3D geometries. Poly3D, a 3D boundary element code and user interface, enables the integration of these varied data sets to constrain fault geometry and accurately models the complex geometries, limited only by data precision and computing power. Poly3D is based on the analytical solution for the elastic boundary value problem of an angular dislocation in a half space composed of a homogeneous and …
Imaging Fault Structure Of The 1995 Kozani-Grevena Earthquake Sequence, Greece Using High Precision Aftershock Locations, Phillip Resor, G Beroza, David Pollard
Imaging Fault Structure Of The 1995 Kozani-Grevena Earthquake Sequence, Greece Using High Precision Aftershock Locations, Phillip Resor, G Beroza, David Pollard
Phillip G Resor
The May 13, 1995 Kozani-Grevena earthquake (Mw=6.5) is a natural laboratory for studying crustal normal fault systems. The event and its aftershocks have been well observed geodetically, seismically, and geologically, providing an opportunity to integrate data sets to create a detailed subsurface fault model and investigate triggering and deformation associated with a large normal fault earthquake. Previous modeling of the earthquake has focused primarily on single geodetic data sets (e.g. inSAR - Meyer et al, 1996, GPS - Clarke et al., 1997) and has led to conflicting subsurface fault interpretations. In order to better model the subsurface fault geometry we …
Direct Dating Of Deformation; U-Pb Age Of Syndeformational Sphene Growth In The Proterozoic Laramie Peak Shear Zone, Phillip G. Resor, Kevin R. Chamberlain, Carol D. Frost, B Ronald Frost, Arthur W. Snoke
Direct Dating Of Deformation; U-Pb Age Of Syndeformational Sphene Growth In The Proterozoic Laramie Peak Shear Zone, Phillip G. Resor, Kevin R. Chamberlain, Carol D. Frost, B Ronald Frost, Arthur W. Snoke
Phillip G Resor
In this paper, we show that deformation can be dated by combining mesoscopic and microscopic structural observations with an understanding of metamorphic mineral reactions and U-Pb ages of newly grown sphene (titanite). This approach can be used on a variety of rock types that have been deformed at a wide range of metamorphic conditions. In an example from the Proterozoic Laramie Peak shear zone of southeastern Wyoming, a single period of syntectonic sphene growth in sheared mafic dikes is documented both by a strong spatial relationship between deformation and metamorphism and by sphene microtextures. U-Pb analyses of sphene separates give …
Development Of A Shear-Zone Bounded Block Uplift Within The Middle Crust Of The Archean Wyoming Province During Proterozoic Accretion, Laramie Mts., Wy, Phillip Resor, A Snoke, K Chamberlain
Development Of A Shear-Zone Bounded Block Uplift Within The Middle Crust Of The Archean Wyoming Province During Proterozoic Accretion, Laramie Mts., Wy, Phillip Resor, A Snoke, K Chamberlain
Phillip G Resor
No abstract provided.
U/Pb Sphene Date Of Mylonitization Associated With The Proterozoic Laramie Peak Shear Zone, Laramie Mountains, Wy, Phillip Resor, K Chamberlain, A Snoke, C Frost
U/Pb Sphene Date Of Mylonitization Associated With The Proterozoic Laramie Peak Shear Zone, Laramie Mountains, Wy, Phillip Resor, K Chamberlain, A Snoke, C Frost
Phillip G Resor
In this paper, we show that deformation can be dated by combining mesoscopic and microscopic structural observations with an understanding of metamorphic mineral reactions and U-Pb ages of newly grown sphene (titanite). This approach can be used on a variety of rock types that have been deformed at a wide range of metamorphic conditions. In an example from the Proterozoic Laramie Peak shear zone of southeastern Wyoming, a single period of syntectonic sphene growth in sheared mafic dikes is documented both by a strong spatial relationship between deformation and metamorphism and by sphene microtextures. U-Pb analyses of sphene separates give …