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Articles 1 - 11 of 11
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Simple, Robust And Accurate Head-Pose Tracking Using A Single Camera, Simon Meers, Koren Ward, Ian Piper
Simple, Robust And Accurate Head-Pose Tracking Using A Single Camera, Simon Meers, Koren Ward, Ian Piper
Dr Koren Ward
This paper describes an inexpensive, robust method for tracking the head position and orientation of the user by using a single low-cost USB camera and infrared light emitting diodes concealed within spectacle frames worn by the user. Unlike gaze and head-pose tracking systems which rely on high-resolution stereo cameras and complex image processing hardware and software to find and track facial features on the user, the proposed system is able to efficiently locate and track the head's orientation and distance relative to the camera with little processing. Due to the infrared light emitting diodes having fixed geometry, the system does …
Head-Tracking Haptic Computer Interface For The Blind, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Head-Tracking Haptic Computer Interface For The Blind, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
In today’s heavily technology-dependent society, blind and visually impaired people are becoming increasingly disadvantaged in terms of access to media, information, electronic commerce, communications and social networks. Not only are computers becoming more widely used in general, but their dependence on visual output is increasing, extending the technology further out of reach for those without sight. For example, blindness was less of an obstacle for programmers when command-line interfaces were more commonplace, but with the introduction of Graphical User Interfaces (GUIs) for both development and final applications, many blind programmers were made redundant (Alexander, 1998; Siegfried et al., 2004). Not …
Simple, Robust And Accurate Head-Pose Tracking Using A Single Camera, S. Meers, Koren Ward, I. Piper
Simple, Robust And Accurate Head-Pose Tracking Using A Single Camera, S. Meers, Koren Ward, I. Piper
Dr Koren Ward
This paper describes an inexpensive, robust method for tracking the head position and orientation of the user by using a single low-cost USB camera and infrared light emitting diodes concealed within spectacle frames worn by the user. Unlike gaze and head-pose tracking systems which rely on high-resolution stereo cameras and complex image processing hardware and software to find and track facial features on the user, the proposed system is able to efficiently locate and track the head's orientation and distance relative to the camera with little processing. Due to the infrared light emitting diodes having fixed geometry, the system does …
Substitute Three-Dimensional Perception Using Depth And Colour Sensors, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Substitute Three-Dimensional Perception Using Depth And Colour Sensors, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
The development of sensor-actuator systems that can provide the user with perception of the environment without any use of the eyes is a difficult task. Firstly, the sensors must work effectively under differing conditions. Secondly, the actuators (or auditory feedback) must present the environmental information to the user in a manner that is easy to understand. Thirdly, the whole system needs to be compact, efficient and robust to be practical for a blind person to use. This paper firstly reviews current research in the area of substitute vision systems and discusses their limitations. We then provide details of the substitute …
A Substitute Vision System For Providing 3d Perception And Gps Navigation Via Electro-Tactile Stimulation, S. Meers, Koren Ward
A Substitute Vision System For Providing 3d Perception And Gps Navigation Via Electro-Tactile Stimulation, S. Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
This paper describes a novel approach for enabling the blind to achieve obstacle avoidance and navigation in outdoor environments with the aid of visual sensors, GPS and electro-tactile stimulation. The electro-neural vision system (ENVS) works by extracting a depth map from stereo cameras by measuring the disparity between the stereo images. This range data is then delivered to the fingers via electro-neural stimulation to indicate to the user the range of objects being viewed by the cameras. To perceive the location of obstacles and the 3D structure of the environment the user imagines that the hands are held in the …
Face Recognition Using A Time-Of-Flight Camera, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Face Recognition Using A Time-Of-Flight Camera, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
This paper presents a novel three-dimensional (3D) method for detecting, tracking and recognising human faces using a time-of-flight camera. The system works by detecting a single central feature point, typically the nose tip, and by intersecting the 3D point data with spheres centred at the central feature point. The resulting spherical intersection profiles are used to perform face recognition and to track the position and orientation of the face. The main benefit of this method is that it is fast and efficient in terms or memory and computational expense. Furthermore, as the system utilises a time-of-flight camera and topographical information, …
A Vision System For Providing 3d Perception Of The Environment Via: Transcutaneous Electro-Neural Stimulation, S. Meers, Koren Ward
A Vision System For Providing 3d Perception Of The Environment Via: Transcutaneous Electro-Neural Stimulation, S. Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
The development of effective user interfaces, appropriate sensors, and information processing techniques for enabling the blind to achieve additional perception of the environment is a relentless challenge confronting HCI and sensor researchers. To address this challenge we have developed a novel 3D vision system that can enable the 3D structure of the immediate environment to be perceived via head mounted stereo video cameras and electro-tactile data gloves without requiring any use of the eyes. The electro-neural vision system (ENVS) works by extracting a depth map from the camera images by measuring the disparity between the stereo images. This range data …
Head-Pose Tracking With A Time-Of-Flight Camera, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Head-Pose Tracking With A Time-Of-Flight Camera, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
Intelligent interfaces that make use of the user's head pose or facial features in order to interpret the user's identity or point of attention, are finding increasing application in numerous fields. Although various techniques exist to passively track the user's gaze or head pose using monocular or stereo cameras, these systems generally cannot perceive in detail the characteristic three-dimensional (3D) profile of the user's head or face. Time-of-flight cameras, such as the Swiss Ranger SR-3000, are a recent innovation capable of providing three-dimensional image data from a single sensor. The advent of such sensors opens up new possibilities in the …
A Vision System For Providing The Blind With 3d Colour Perception Of The Environment, S. Meers, Koren Ward
A Vision System For Providing The Blind With 3d Colour Perception Of The Environment, S. Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
Although various attempts have been made at providing the blind with substitute visual perception, no existing method provides useful colour perception of the environment. This paper describes a substitute vision system which provides perception of the three-dimensional profile and colour of the surrounding environment via haptic sensations alone. This is aimed at allowing visually-impaired people to avoid obstacles and navigate the environment by recognising landmarks by their colour and profile. The prototype system uses stereo video cameras to capture colour images of the environment from which a disparity depth map can be calculated. The depth map is sampled into ten …
Haptic Gaze-Tracking Based Perception Of Graphical User Interfaces, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Haptic Gaze-Tracking Based Perception Of Graphical User Interfaces, Simon Meers, Koren Ward
Dr Koren Ward
This paper presents a novel human-computer interface that enables the computer display to be perceived without any use of the eyes. Our system works by tracking the user's head position and orientation to obtain their 'gaze' point on a virtual screen, and by indicating to the user what object is present at the gaze location via haptic feedback to the fingers and synthetic speech or Braille text. This is achieved by using the haptic vibration frequency delivered to the fingers to indicate the type of screen object at the gaze position, and the vibration amplitude to indicate the screen object's …
Fitness Evaluation For Structural Optimisation Genetic Algorithms Using Neural Networks, Koren Ward, Timothy Mccarthy
Fitness Evaluation For Structural Optimisation Genetic Algorithms Using Neural Networks, Koren Ward, Timothy Mccarthy
Dr Koren Ward
This paper relates to the optimisation of structural design using Genetic Algorithms (GAs) and presents an improved method for determining the fitness of genetic codes that represent possible design solutions by using a neural network to generalize fitness. Two problems that often impede design optimization using genetic algorithms are expensive fitness evaluation and high epistasis. In this paper we show that by using a neural network as a fitness approximator, optimal solutions to certain design problems can be achieved in significantly less generations and with considerably less fitness evaluations.