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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

The Environmental Craftsfolk: Making Things In A World Full Of Stuff, Zoey Ballard May 2024

The Environmental Craftsfolk: Making Things In A World Full Of Stuff, Zoey Ballard

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

This Civic Engagement Project (CEP) proposes a transformative approach to addressing the complex challenges of environmental degradation and disconnection from nature through the establishment of the Eco-Craft Cabal in Missoula, Montana. The project seeks to reframe environmental consciousness through the lens of craft, fostering improved connections with the local environment and promoting community resilience. By repurposing both natural and artificial materials in inclusive, accessible crafting activities, the Eco-Craft Cabal aims to empower participants to confront feelings of despair and hopelessness with tangible, meaningful actions.


And Food Justice For All: Advancing Access To Just And Sustainable Food Systems, Makenna Grace Landry May 2024

And Food Justice For All: Advancing Access To Just And Sustainable Food Systems, Makenna Grace Landry

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

A collection of work exploring food justice and food access programming in Western Montana, as well as a critique of the Bayer-Monsanto merger.


Chapter 4.1: Visualizing The Solubility Of Salts Via 3-D Topo Surfaces: Pyramids With Ridges And Plateaus, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain Nov 2023

Chapter 4.1: Visualizing The Solubility Of Salts Via 3-D Topo Surfaces: Pyramids With Ridges And Plateaus, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

A new 3-D graphical representation for the solubility of sparingly soluble salts in aqueous solutions has been developed utilizing a new composition grid. In this case, the x-axis carries the concentration of the salt’s cation (usually a metal) and the y-axis holds the concentration of the salt’s anion. Plotted above the grid are a salt’s solubility, individual species concentrations or distribution coefficients. Three levels of sophistication in the descriptive chemistry are discussed. In Case 1, the only dissolved species included are the cation and anion present in the salt’s solubility product expression, the Ksp. Case 2 …


Approaches And Tools To Solving Complex Problems In Private Land Conservation, John T. Curnyn May 2023

Approaches And Tools To Solving Complex Problems In Private Land Conservation, John T. Curnyn

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

The central theme throughout my four portfolio pieces is: approaches and tools that can be used to address complex problems involving private land conservation. I consider the broader human and environmental community health to be factors in successful private land conservation. The first portfolio piece examines a number of studies of conservation easements implemented to improve water quality, as well as their utility in avoiding land use conflict. My second portfolio piece is a reflective paper on my experience conducting a stakeholder assessment for the organization OneMontana. The assessment focused on creating a shared understanding of the issues related to …


A. Overview Of The Flathead Lake Seismic Survey, Robert Lankston May 2023

A. Overview Of The Flathead Lake Seismic Survey, Robert Lankston

1970 Flathead Lake Seismic Survey

This book contains a summary of the key phases of acquisition and use of the reflection seismic data that were collected in 1970 on Flathead Lake and the evolution of the physical and digital archives of that seismic project.


Chapter 3.2: Why Batteries Deliver A Fairly Constant Voltage Until They Suddenly Die: An Application Of Nernst Topo Surfaces, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain, Patrick Maccarthy Jan 2022

Chapter 3.2: Why Batteries Deliver A Fairly Constant Voltage Until They Suddenly Die: An Application Of Nernst Topo Surfaces, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain, Patrick Maccarthy

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

Two characteristics of batteries, their delivery of nearly constant voltage and their rapid failure, are explained through a visual examination of the Nernst equation. Two Galvanic cells are described in detail: (1) a wet cell involving iron and copper salts and (2) a mercury oxide dry cell. A complete description of the wet cell requires a three-dimensional Nernst surface because the potential is a function of two variables: the activities of both the oxidized and reduced forms in each redox couple. Dry cell potentials, which utilize solid or pure liquid species, are functions of only one variable and can be …


Chapter 3.1: Visualization Of The Nernst Equation Via 3-D Topo Surfaces: E⁰ Plateaus, Left-Hand Bluffs, Front Cliffs And Reaction Paths, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain Dec 2021

Chapter 3.1: Visualization Of The Nernst Equation Via 3-D Topo Surfaces: E⁰ Plateaus, Left-Hand Bluffs, Front Cliffs And Reaction Paths, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

A new 3-D graphical representation of oxidation–reduction (redox) processes in aqueous solutions has been developed utilizing a composition grid for which the x-axis carries the activity of the reduced form of the redox couple and the y-axis carries the activity of the oxidized form. The Nernst equation potential corresponding to the redox couple’s activities at each grid point is plotted above it as a z-coordinate. This creates a 3-D trend surface (a topo) over the grid. The topos typically have a steep left-hand bluff and a precipitous front cliff that are encountered when one or the other …


Chapter 2.2: 3-D Topo Surface Visualization Of Metal Ion Anti-Buffering: An Unexpected Behavior In Metal–Ligand Complexation Systems, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain, Daniel D. Barry Jul 2021

Chapter 2.2: 3-D Topo Surface Visualization Of Metal Ion Anti-Buffering: An Unexpected Behavior In Metal–Ligand Complexation Systems, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain, Daniel D. Barry

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

Diluting a system that contains metal complexes can sometimes cause surprises. This chapter describes “metal ion anti-buffering”, a situation in which free metal ion concentrations rapidly increase as system dilution drives dissociation. It only occurs under excess free ligand conditions when a solution is dominated by higher stoichiometry complexes. The Law of Mass Action is used to provide a mathematical justification for the phenomenon. A Cu2+-ethylenediamine mixture exhibits this phenomenon when excess free ethylenediamine (en) is present. For example, it occurs when diluting a solution containing a four-fold excess of en over Cu2+. As this mixture …


Chapter 2.1: Visualization Of Metal Ion Buffering Via 3-D Topo Surfaces Of Complexometric Titrations, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain Apr 2021

Chapter 2.1: Visualization Of Metal Ion Buffering Via 3-D Topo Surfaces Of Complexometric Titrations, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

This chapter examines 1:1 metal-ligand complexometric titrations in aqueous media. It presents surfaces that plot computed equilibrium parameters above a composition grid with titration progress (mL of ligand) as the x-axis and overall system dilution (log C ) as the y-axis. The sample systems in this chapter are restricted to EDTA as a ligand. Other chelating ligands that form exclusively 1:1 complexes could also be modeled with this software. The surfaces show the quality of the equivalence point break under various conditions. More importantly, they develop the phenomenon of metal ion buffering. They clearly distinguish the difference between …


Examining Natural Resource Conservation: In The Classroom, Through Collaborative Conservation, And Across Public Communication Platforms, Shauni Seccombe Apr 2021

Examining Natural Resource Conservation: In The Classroom, Through Collaborative Conservation, And Across Public Communication Platforms, Shauni Seccombe

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

No abstract provided.


Exploring Approaches To Equity In Environmental Education Access For Teens, Norah Cook Apr 2021

Exploring Approaches To Equity In Environmental Education Access For Teens, Norah Cook

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

No abstract provided.


Chapter 1.3: 3-D Topo Surface Visualization Of Acid-Base Species Distributions: Corner Buttes, Corner Pits, Curving Ridge Crests And Dilution Plains, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain Feb 2021

Chapter 1.3: 3-D Topo Surface Visualization Of Acid-Base Species Distributions: Corner Buttes, Corner Pits, Curving Ridge Crests And Dilution Plains, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

This chapter adds 3-D species distribution topos to earlier surfaces that showed pH (Chapter 1.1) and buffer capacity behavior (Chapter 1.2) during titration and dilution procedures. It constructs trend surfaces by plotting computed alpha distribution coefficients above a composition grid with “mL of NaOH” as the x-axis and overall system dilution (log C) as the y-axis. The systematic shift from protonated to deprotonated forms is clearly visualized on a linear z-axis. Because pH and buffer capacity surfaces accompany the species topos, it is easy to see their interrelationships. On the basis of their graphical appearance, features …


Chapter 1.2: Visualization Of Buffer Capacity With 3-D Topos: Buffer Ridges, Equivalence Point Canyons And Dilution Ramps, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain Dec 2020

Chapter 1.2: Visualization Of Buffer Capacity With 3-D Topos: Buffer Ridges, Equivalence Point Canyons And Dilution Ramps, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

The BufCap TOPOS software generates 3-D topographic surfaces for acid-base equilibrium studies that portray pH and buffer capacity behavior during titration and dilution procedures. Topo surfaces are created by plotting computed pH and buffer capacity values above a composition grid with volume of NaOH as the x-axis and overall system dilution as the y-axis. What emerge are surface features that correspond to pH and buffer behaviors in aqueous solutions. Topo surfaces are created for pH, log buffer capacity and linear buffer capacity. Equivalence point breaks become pH cliffs and logarithmic buffer capacity canyons that grow shallower with dilution. …


Chapter 1.1: 3-D Surface Visualization Of Ph Titration “Topos”: Equivalence Point Cliffs, Dilution Ramps And Buffer Plateaus, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain, Patrick Maccarthy Nov 2020

Chapter 1.1: 3-D Surface Visualization Of Ph Titration “Topos”: Equivalence Point Cliffs, Dilution Ramps And Buffer Plateaus, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain, Patrick Maccarthy

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

3-D topos can be generated to visualize how pH behaves during titration and dilution procedures. The surfaces are constructed by plotting computed pH values above a composition grid with volume of base added in one direction and overall system dilution on the other. Surficial features correspond to behavior in aqueous solutions. Equivalence point breaks become cliffs that pinch out with dilution. Buffer effects become plateaus. Dilution alone generates 45o ramps. Sample surfaces are analyzed for acetic acid, CH3COOH (a weak monoprotic acid); hydrochloric acid, HCl (a strong acid); oxalic acid, HOOCCOOH (a weak diprotic acid) and L-histidine …


Prologue: An Overview To Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach To Viewing And Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain Oct 2020

Prologue: An Overview To Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach To Viewing And Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry, Garon C. Smith, Md Mainul Hossain

Water Topos: A 3-D Trend Surface Approach to Viewing and Teaching Aqueous Equilibrium Chemistry

The “topo” approach to viewing and teaching aqueous equilibrium through 3-D trend surfaces is introduced. A list of the pedagogical resource categories that accompany each chapter is provided. We describe the “composition grids” that form the foundation for the trend surfaces. A roadmap for the subsequent chapters follows. Finally, a brief statement about the Excel-based computer software is provided.


Introductory Calculus: Through The Lenses Of Covariation And Approximation, Caleb Huber May 2020

Introductory Calculus: Through The Lenses Of Covariation And Approximation, Caleb Huber

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

Over the course of a year, I investigated reformative approaches to the teaching of calculus. My research revealed the substantial findings of two educators, Michael Oehrtman and Pat Thompson, and inspired me to design a course based upon two key ideas, covariation and approximation metaphors. Over a period of six weeks, I taught a course tailored around these ideas and documented student responses to both classroom activities and quizzes. Responses were organized intonarratives, covariation, rates of change, limits, and delta notation. Covariation with respect to rates of change was found to be incredibly complex, and students would often see it …


Natural Disasters: Resource Lists, Hilary Martens Oct 2019

Natural Disasters: Resource Lists, Hilary Martens

Open Educational Resources (OER) at University of Montana

This record includes a syllabus, unit-by-unit lists of open and free resources, a course project description, and additional, optional resources used in a course on natural disasters. The course covers plate tectonics, earthquakes, volcanoes, tsunamis, tornadoes, hurricanes, climate change, floods, fires, landslides, avalanches, and impacts with space objects.


Science, Advocacy, Policy, Planning: Tools For Advancing Transportation Equity, Garrett S. Mcallister May 2018

Science, Advocacy, Policy, Planning: Tools For Advancing Transportation Equity, Garrett S. Mcallister

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

The theme of this portfolio is how different tools and approaches can be used for advancing transportation equity. Broadly defined, transportation equity is about fairness in transportation. There are a number of ways this fairness can be assessed. The most common way to assess transportation equity is by looking at the fairness of outcomes, distributed geographically, socially, or even by mode of transportation. Equity can also be defined by the fairness of processes. The first half of the portfolio illustrates some of the problems with the current transportation system and how it is unhealthy (Piece 1) and unjust (Piece 2). …


Watershed Management Tools: Hazardous Site Case History, Reference Stream Analysis, And Gis Analysis Of Fire Risk, Patrick Doyle Jan 2018

Watershed Management Tools: Hazardous Site Case History, Reference Stream Analysis, And Gis Analysis Of Fire Risk, Patrick Doyle

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

My portfolio explores some tools that are used to protect or assess watershed health and the experiences and lessons I learned during my time in the Environmental Studies program. The first piece in my portfolio is a case study that looks at the history of pollution ad cleanup of the kraft pulp mill along the Clark Fork River. In my study, I look closely at the EPA’s investigation of the site and the community’s reaction to the findings. In my second piece, I describe my field and lab experience working for the Montana Department of Environmental Quality. During this time, …


Multi-Scaled Approaches For Protecting Montana's Watersheds And Water Resources, Elizabeth Yoder Apr 2017

Multi-Scaled Approaches For Protecting Montana's Watersheds And Water Resources, Elizabeth Yoder

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

The central theme carried among my four portfolio pieces is: using scientific and governmental approaches to conserve watershed health. For the purposes of this portfolio, I define watershed health as a very general term that describes the state of water quantity and quality that is available for human and ecosystem needs in a watershed. I see each of my portfolio pieces focusing on a different scale and method (i.e., science or government, including different levels of government, local, state and federal) for conserving watershed health. My first portfolio piece reviews water quality degradation caused by pharmaceuticals and personal care products …


Laying The Foundation For Effective Natural Resource Management, Teresa Scanlon May 2016

Laying The Foundation For Effective Natural Resource Management, Teresa Scanlon

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

The following portfolio describes three distinct, yet not mutually exclusive, approaches for managing water and other resources. A common theme throughout the three approaches is that they “lay the foundation” for future management, and each piece depicts a different approach to natural resource management planning. Part One is the final report for a research and planning contract for Lolo Watershed Group. Watershed science and restoration field techniques are used to inform and develop a scope of work document for Montana Department of Environmental Quality for a future revegetation restoration project on Lolo Creek. Part Two describes some of the co-facilitation …


Tailings Tale: Mike Horse Looms Dark Over The Blackfoot, Elizabeth L. Harrison May 2009

Tailings Tale: Mike Horse Looms Dark Over The Blackfoot, Elizabeth L. Harrison

Graduate Student Portfolios, Professional Papers, and Capstone Projects

In the spring of 1975, a heavy rain blew out an earthen dam holding back toxic metal waste from the now defunct Mike Horse mine at the headwaters of the scenic Big Blackfoot River. Federal agencies, a corporate mining giant, and the small town community of Lincoln, Montana, grapple with the repercussions and future of the watershed.


History Of The Department Of Mathematical Sciences At The University Of Montana: A Collection Of Interviews, Varoujan Bedros, Daniel F. Finch, Charles Myers, Merry Rampy, Johnny W. Lott (Editor) Jan 2006

History Of The Department Of Mathematical Sciences At The University Of Montana: A Collection Of Interviews, Varoujan Bedros, Daniel F. Finch, Charles Myers, Merry Rampy, Johnny W. Lott (Editor)

History of the Department of Mathematical Sciences at UM: A Collection of Interviews

A collection of transcribed oral history interviews conducted in 1999 with current and recently retired faculty members of the Department of Mathematics.