Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Discipline
-
- Physics (29)
- Computer Sciences (17)
- Optics (15)
- Engineering (11)
- Mathematics (10)
-
- Chemistry (8)
- Electrical and Computer Engineering (6)
- Electromagnetics and Photonics (6)
- Astrophysics and Astronomy (3)
- Condensed Matter Physics (2)
- Environmental Sciences (2)
- Plasma and Beam Physics (2)
- Aerodynamics and Fluid Mechanics (1)
- Aerospace Engineering (1)
- Analytical Chemistry (1)
- Natural Resources and Conservation (1)
- Other Astrophysics and Astronomy (1)
- Propulsion and Power (1)
- Water Resource Management (1)
- Keyword
-
- Anisotropy (1)
- BSCCO (1)
- Beam (1)
- Black phosphorus (1)
- Boltzmann Plot (1)
-
- Coherent (1)
- Combining (1)
- Critical temperature (1)
- Deflagration (1)
- Effective mass (1)
- Exoplanets (1)
- Flame acceleration (1)
- HAT-P-30-WASP-51Ab (1)
- Laser (1)
- Laser-Induced Plasma (1)
- Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium (1)
- Order parameter (1)
- Phosphorene (1)
- Physics (1)
- Planetary Atmospheres (1)
- Plasma Broadening (1)
- Plasma Temperature (1)
- Pulses (1)
- Quantum field theory (1)
- Secondary Eclipse (1)
- Spectral Interference (1)
- Spitzer Space Telescope (1)
- Superconductivity (1)
- Tight-binding (1)
- Turbulence (1)
Articles 31 - 60 of 66
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Analysis Of Benzopyrenes And Benzopyrene Metabolites By Fluorescence Spectroscopy Techniques, Bassam Al-Farhani
Analysis Of Benzopyrenes And Benzopyrene Metabolites By Fluorescence Spectroscopy Techniques, Bassam Al-Farhani
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are some of the most common and toxic pollutants encountered worldwide. Presently, monitoring is restricted to sixteen PAHs, but it is well understood that this list omits many toxic PAHs. Among the "forgotten" PAHs, isomers with molecular weight 302 are of particular concern due to their high toxicological properties. The chromatographic analysis of PAHs with MW 302 is challenged by similar retention times and virtually identical mass fragmentation patterns. The first original component of this dissertation evolves from a high-resolution spectroscopic approach specifically developed to fulfil this gap. Herein, 4.2 K Laser-Excited Time-Resolved Shpol'skii Spectroscopy (4.2K …
The Owl Sensor: A Smart Nanostructure For Single Nucleotide Variation Analysis, Rebekah Karadeema
The Owl Sensor: A Smart Nanostructure For Single Nucleotide Variation Analysis, Rebekah Karadeema
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Analysis of single nucleotide variations (SNVs) in DNA and RNA sequences is extensively used in healthcare for detection of genetic mutations and analysis of drug resistant pathogens. Here we developed a nucleic acid sensor able to differentiate between a fully matched analyte and one with a SNV in a wide temperature range of 5°C-32°C. The sensor, dubbed here the 'Owl Sensor' due to the complex's resemblance to owl eyes, utilizes recent developments in DNA nanotechnology and synthetic biology to self-assemble a fluorescent DNA nanostructure called a Double Crossover, or DX Tile, capable of differentiating SNVs in a large temperature range, …
The Woz Recognizer: A Tool For Understanding User Perceptions Of Sketch-Based Interfaces, Jared Bott
The Woz Recognizer: A Tool For Understanding User Perceptions Of Sketch-Based Interfaces, Jared Bott
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Sketch recognition has the potential to be an important input method for computers in the coming years; however, designing and building an accurate and sophisticated sketch recognition system is a time consuming and daunting task. Since sketch recognition is still at a level where mistakes are common, it is important to understand how users perceive and tolerate recognition errors and other user interface elements with these imperfect systems. A problem in performing this type of research is that we cannot easily control aspects of recognition in order to rigorously study the systems. We performed a study examining user perceptions of …
A Study Of Holistic Strategies For The Recognition Of Characters In Natural Scene Images, Muhammad Ali
A Study Of Holistic Strategies For The Recognition Of Characters In Natural Scene Images, Muhammad Ali
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Recognition and understanding of text in scene images is an important and challenging task. The importance can be seen in the context of tasks such as assisted navigation for the blind, providing directions to driverless cars, e.g. Google car, etc. Other applications include automated document archival services, mining text from images, and so on. The challenge comes from a variety of factors, like variable typefaces, uncontrolled imaging conditions, and various sources of noise corrupting the captured images. In this work, we study and address the fundamental problem of recognition of characters extracted from natural scene images, and contribute three holistic …
Gesture Assessment Of Teachers In An Immersive Rehearsal Environment, Roghayeh Barmaki
Gesture Assessment Of Teachers In An Immersive Rehearsal Environment, Roghayeh Barmaki
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Interactive training environments typically include feedback mechanisms designed to help trainees improve their performance through either guided- or self-reflection. When the training system deals with human-to-human communications, as one would find in a teacher, counselor, enterprise culture or cross-cultural trainer, such feedback needs to focus on all aspects of human communication. This means that, in addition to verbal communication, nonverbal messages must be captured and analyzed for semantic meaning. The goal of this dissertation is to employ machine-learning algorithms that semi-automate and, where supported, automate event tagging in training systems developed to improve human-to-human interaction. The specific context in which …
Spatial And Temporal Modeling For Human Activity Recognition From Multimodal Sequential Data, Jun Ye
Spatial And Temporal Modeling For Human Activity Recognition From Multimodal Sequential Data, Jun Ye
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Human Activity Recognition (HAR) has been an intense research area for more than a decade. Different sensors, ranging from 2D and 3D cameras to accelerometers, gyroscopes, and magnetometers, have been employed to generate multimodal signals to detect various human activities. With the advancement of sensing technology and the popularity of mobile devices, depth cameras and wearable devices, such as Microsoft Kinect and smart wristbands, open a unprecedented opportunity to solve the challenging HAR problem by learning expressive representations from the multimodal signals recording huge amounts of daily activities which comprise a rich set of categories. Although competitive performance has been …
Saturn's Rings: Measuring Particle Size Distributions Using Cassini Uvis Occultation Data, Tracy Becker
Saturn's Rings: Measuring Particle Size Distributions Using Cassini Uvis Occultation Data, Tracy Becker
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Since its arrival to Saturn in 2004, the Cassini spacecraft has utilized its suite of sophisticated instruments to further our understanding of the Saturnian ring system. We analyze occultation data from Cassini's Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (UVIS) in order to measure the particle size distribution and place limits on the minimum particle sizes in Saturn's rings. Throughout the ring system, particle accretion is countered by collisional and tidal disruption and Keplerian shear. Therefore, the particle size distribution of the rings is continually evolving. The presence of sub-centimeter particles, which have short lifetimes due to these processes, is indicative of ongoing dynamics …
Evaluating Floating Treatment Wetlands To Improve Nitrogen Removal In A Wet Detention Pond, Zachary Marimon
Evaluating Floating Treatment Wetlands To Improve Nitrogen Removal In A Wet Detention Pond, Zachary Marimon
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Wet detention ponds are used for stormwater treatment across the United States and reduce most pollutants by at least 60%, but only remove 30% of total nitrogen. Floating Treatment Wetlands (FTWs) are an emerging technology that uses aquatic plants suspended in the pelagic zone to remove nitrogen through vegetative assimilation and microbial denitrification. A before-after field experiment evaluated nitrogen removal in a an existing pond in Orlando, FL, retrofitted with BioHaven® FTWs planted with the aquatic macrophytes Juncus effusus (Soft Rush) and Pontederia cordata (Pickerelweed). Surface water samples were used to compare the nitrogen removal performance of the pond under …
Multidimensional Room-Temperature Fluorescence Microscopy For The Nondestructive Analysis Of Forensic Trace Textile Fibers, Nirvani Mujumdar
Multidimensional Room-Temperature Fluorescence Microscopy For The Nondestructive Analysis Of Forensic Trace Textile Fibers, Nirvani Mujumdar
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The purpose of this dissertation is to advance nondestructive methodology for forensic fiber examination. Non-destructive techniques that can either discriminate between similar fibers or match a known to a questioned fiber – and still preserve the physical integrity of the fibers for further court examination - are highly valuable in forensic science. A challenging aspect of forensic fiber examinations involves the comparison of fibers colored with visually indistinguishable dyestuffs. This is not an uncommon situation, as there are numerous indistinguishable fibers pre-dyed with commercial dyes of virtually identical colors. Minimal chemical structural variations are actually encouraged by the dye patent …
Quantitative Framework For Social Cultural Interactions, Taranjeet Singh Bhatia
Quantitative Framework For Social Cultural Interactions, Taranjeet Singh Bhatia
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For an autonomous robot or software agent to participate in the social life of humans, it must have a way to perform a calculus of social behavior. Such a calculus must have explanatory power (it must provide a coherent theory for why the humans act the way they do), and predictive power (it must provide some plausible events from the predicted future actions of the humans). This dissertation describes a series of contributions that would allow agents observing or interacting with humans to perform a calculus of social behavior taking into account cultural conventions and socially acceptable behavior models. We …
Impact Of Gamma-Irradiation On The Characteristics Of Iii-N/Gan Based High Electron Mobility Transistors, Anupama Yadav
Impact Of Gamma-Irradiation On The Characteristics Of Iii-N/Gan Based High Electron Mobility Transistors, Anupama Yadav
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this study, the fundamental properties of AlGaN/GaN based High Electron Mobility Transistors (HEMTs) have been investigated in order to optimize their performance in radiation harsh environment. AlGaN/GaN HEMTs were irradiated with 60Co gamma-rays to doses up to 1000 Gy, and the effects of irradiation on the devices' transport and optical properties were analyzed. Understanding the radiation affects in HEMTs devices, on carrier transport, recombination rates and traps creation play a significant role in development and design of radiation resistant semiconductor components for different applications. Electrical testing combined with temperature dependent Electron Beam Induced Current (EBIC) that we used in …
Tryopenjml - A Verily Based Web Application For Learning About The Java Modeling Language, Tushar Deshpande
Tryopenjml - A Verily Based Web Application For Learning About The Java Modeling Language, Tushar Deshpande
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This thesis has a two-fold purpose. On the one hand, the web applications are an important part of life. On a day to day basis, from managing our heath care choices to banking, to connecting to a friend, almost everything is done through a web application. Development of these applications is also a very trend-driven domain. Numerous web frameworks are available today, but almost none has been created taking reliability into consideration. With the combination of application construction recipes and static analysis, the Verily framework was created to build more reliable web applications. On the other hand, the goal of …
Comparing The Variational Approximation And Exact Solutions Of The Straight Unstaggered And Twisted Staggered Discrete Solitons, Daniel Marulanda
Comparing The Variational Approximation And Exact Solutions Of The Straight Unstaggered And Twisted Staggered Discrete Solitons, Daniel Marulanda
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equations (DNSL) have been used to provide models of a variety of physical settings. An application of DNSL equations is provided by Bose-Einstein condensates which are trapped in deep optical-lattice potentials. These potentials effectively splits the condensate into a set of droplets held in local potential wells, which are linearly coupled across the potential barriers between them [3]. In previous works, DNLS systems have also been used for symmetric on-site-centered solitons [11]. A few works have constructed different discrete solitons via the variational approximation (VA) and have explored their regions for their solutions [11, 12]. Exact solutions …
Theoretical-Experimental Study Of The Two-Photon Circular Dichroism Of Helicenes And Aromatic Amino Acids In The Uv Region: From The Structure-Property Relationship To The Final Implementation, Yuly Katherine Vesga Prada
Theoretical-Experimental Study Of The Two-Photon Circular Dichroism Of Helicenes And Aromatic Amino Acids In The Uv Region: From The Structure-Property Relationship To The Final Implementation, Yuly Katherine Vesga Prada
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Two-photon circular dichroism (TPCD) has been recognized for its exceptional spectroscopic ability for the structural and conformational analysis of chiral systems due to its high sensitivity to small peptide structural distortions. In 2008, Hernandez and co-workers demonstrated TPCD experimentally by the development of the Double L-scan technique. Since then, we have been working on a systematic theoretical-experimental study of chiral molecules using TPCD. In this dissertation, I present my contribution to the continuation to the study of the structure-property relationship of TPCD in molecules with axial chirality in solution, as well as the implementation of the TPCD measurements in the …
An Improved Tight-Binding Model For Phosphorene, Kursti Delello
An Improved Tight-Binding Model For Phosphorene, Kursti Delello
Honors Undergraduate Theses
The intent of this thesis is to improve upon previously proposed tight-binding models for one dimensional black phosphorus, or phosphorene. Previous models offer only a qualitative analysis of the band structure of phosphorene, and fail to fully realize critical elements in the electronic band structure necessary for transport calculations. In this work we propose an improved tight-binding model for phosphorene by including up to eight nearest-neighbor interactions. The efficacy of the model is verified by comparison with DFT-HSE06 calculations, and the anisotropy of the effective masses in the armchair and zigzag directions is considered.
Weighted Low-Rank Approximation Of Matrices:Some Analytical And Numerical Aspects, Aritra Dutta
Weighted Low-Rank Approximation Of Matrices:Some Analytical And Numerical Aspects, Aritra Dutta
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation addresses some analytical and numerical aspects of a problem of weighted low-rank approximation of matrices. We propose and solve two different versions of weighted low-rank approximation problems. We demonstrate, in addition, how these formulations can be efficiently used to solve some classic problems in computer vision. We also present the superior performance of our algorithms over the existing state-of-the-art unweighted and weighted low-rank approximation algorithms. Classical principal component analysis (PCA) is constrained to have equal weighting on the elements of the matrix, which might lead to a degraded design in some problems. To address this fundamental flaw in …
Flame-Turbulence Interaction For Deflagration To Detonation, Jessica Chambers
Flame-Turbulence Interaction For Deflagration To Detonation, Jessica Chambers
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Detonation is a high energetic mode of pressure gain combustion that exploits total pressure rise to augment high flow momentum and thermodynamic cycle efficiencies. Detonation is initiated through the Deflagration-to-Detonation Transition (DDT). This process occurs when a deflagrated flame is accelerated through turbulence induction, producing shock-flame interactions that generate violent explosions and a supersonic detonation wave. There is a broad desire to unravel the physical mechanisms of turbulence induced DDT. For the implementation of efficient detonation methods in propulsion and energy applications, it is crucial to understand optimum turbulence conditions for detonation initiation. The study examines the role of turbulence-flame …
Coherent Beam Combining Of Ultrashort Laser Pulses, Ahmad Azim
Coherent Beam Combining Of Ultrashort Laser Pulses, Ahmad Azim
Honors Undergraduate Theses
Ultrashort pulsed lasers have become critical to understanding light-matter interactions in new regimes such as generation of attosecond pulses, laser filamentation, and intense relativistic processes. Development of more powerful and energetic ultrafast lasers is required for advancing these fields of study. Several petawatt class systems now exist with more in development to further scale peak power and extend the frontier of ultrafast laser technology. Another relevant solution to the scaling of energy and power of ultrashort pulses is coherent beam combining (CBC). CBC is useful for not only scaling of laser parameters but also to mitigate parasitic nonlinear processes associated …
Verification And Automated Synthesis Of Memristor Crossbars, Arya Pourtabatabaie
Verification And Automated Synthesis Of Memristor Crossbars, Arya Pourtabatabaie
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Memristor is a newly synthesized circuit element correlating differences in electrical charge and magnetic flux, which effectively acts as a nonlinear resistor with memory. The small size of this element and its potential for passive state preservation has opened great opportunities for data-level parallel computation, since the functions of memory and processing can be realized on the same physical device. In this research we present an in-depth study of memristor crossbars for combinational and sequential logic. We outline the structure of formulas which they are able to produce and henceforth the inherent powers and limitations of Memristive Crossbar Computing. …
Global Data Association For Multiple Pedestrian Tracking, Afshin Dehghan
Global Data Association For Multiple Pedestrian Tracking, Afshin Dehghan
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Multi-object tracking is one of the fundamental problems in computer vision. Almost all multi-object tracking systems consist of two main components; detection and data association. In the detection step, object hypotheses are generated in each frame of a sequence. Later, detections that belong to the same target are linked together to form final trajectories. The latter step is called data association. There are several challenges that render this problem difficult, such as occlusion, background clutter and pose changes. This dissertation aims to address these challenges by tackling the data association component of tracking and contributes three novel methods for solving …
Building Lax Integrable Variable-Coefficient Generalizations To Integrable Pdes And Exact Solutions To Nonlinear Pdes, Matthew Russo
Building Lax Integrable Variable-Coefficient Generalizations To Integrable Pdes And Exact Solutions To Nonlinear Pdes, Matthew Russo
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
This dissertation is composed of two parts. In Part I a technique based on extended Lax Pairs is first considered to derive variable-coefficient generalizations of various Lax-integrable NLPDE hierarchies recently introduced in the literature. It is demonstrated that the technique yields Lax- or S-integrable nonlinear partial differential equations (PDEs) with both time- and space-dependent coefficients which are thus more general than almost all cases considered earlier via other methods such as the Painleve Test, Bell Polynomials, and various similarity methods. However, this technique, although operationally effective, has the significant disadvantage that, for any integrable system with spatiotemporally varying coefficients, one …
Advanced Blue Phase Liquid Crystal Displays, Daming Xu
Advanced Blue Phase Liquid Crystal Displays, Daming Xu
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Thin-film transistor (TFT) liquid crystal displays (LCDs) have become indispensable in our daily lives. Their widespread applications range from smartphones, laptops, TVs to navigational devices, data projectors and wearable displays. Over past decades, massive efforts have been invested in device development, material characterization and manufacturing technology. As a result, the performance of LCDs, such as viewing angle, contrast ratio, color gamut and resolution, have been improved significantly. Nonetheless, there are still urgent needs for fast response time and low power consumption. Fast response time helps reduce motion image blurs and enable color sequential displays. The latter is particularly attractive since …
Electrostatic Control Over Temperature-Dependent Tunneling Across Single-Molecule Junctions, Alvar Rodriguez Garrigues
Electrostatic Control Over Temperature-Dependent Tunneling Across Single-Molecule Junctions, Alvar Rodriguez Garrigues
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The aim of the present dissertation is to improve the understanding and methodology of temperature-dependent tunnel conduction through individual molecules by single-electron transport spectroscopy. New advances in electrochemistry present individual molecular diodes as a realistic option for the implementation on molecular circuits thanks to their high current rectification ratios. Therefore, a major requisite in this field is to understand and control the conduction behaviors for a large variety of conditions. This work focuses on the electric conduction through ferrocene-based molecules as a function of temperatures within a wide range of bias and gate voltages by means of three-terminal electromigrated-broken single-electron …
High-Performance Composable Transactional Data Structures, Deli Zhang
High-Performance Composable Transactional Data Structures, Deli Zhang
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Exploiting the parallelism in multiprocessor systems is a major challenge in the post ``power wall'' era. Programming for multicore demands a change in the way we design and use fundamental data structures. Concurrent data structures allow scalable and thread-safe accesses to shared data. They provide operations that appear to take effect atomically when invoked individually. A main obstacle to the practical use of concurrent data structures is their inability to support composable operations, i.e., to execute multiple operations atomically in a transactional manner. The problem stems from the inability of concurrent data structure to ensure atomicity of transactions composed from …
Sensing Using Specialty Optical Fibers, Amy Van Newkirk
Sensing Using Specialty Optical Fibers, Amy Van Newkirk
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Fiber optic based sensing is a growing field with many applications in civil and aerospace engineering, oil and gas industries, and particularly in harsh environments where electronics are not able to function. Optical fibers can be easily integrated into structures, are immune to electromagnetic interference, can be interrogated from remote distances, and can be multiplexed for distributed measurements. Because of these properties, specialty fiber designs and devices are being explored for sensing temperature, strain, pressure, curvature, refractive index, and more. Here we show a detailed analysis of a multicore fiber (MCF) for sensing, including its design and optimization in simulation, …
Design Of A Jmldoclet For Jmldoc In Openjml, Arjun Mitra Reddy Donthala
Design Of A Jmldoclet For Jmldoc In Openjml, Arjun Mitra Reddy Donthala
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The Java Modeling Language (JML) is a behavioral interface specification language designed for specifying Java classes and interfaces. OpenJML is a tool for processing JML specifications of Java programs. To facilitate viewing of these specifications in a user-friendly manner, a tool JMLdoc was created. The JMLdoc tool adds JML specifications to the usual Javadoc documentation. JMLdoc is an enhancement of Javadoc that adds to the Javadoc documentation the JML specifications that are present in the source code. The JMLdoc tool is a drop-in replacement for Javadoc, with additional functionality and additional options. The current design of JMLdoc uses the standard …
Intrinsic Modulation Response Modeling And Analysis For Lithographic Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers, Mingxin Li
Intrinsic Modulation Response Modeling And Analysis For Lithographic Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers, Mingxin Li
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) have been greatly improved and successfully commercialized over the past few decades owing to their ability to provide both mode and current confinement that enables low energy consumption, high efficiency and high modulation speed. However, further improvement of oxide VCSELs is limited by the nature of the oxide aperture because of self-heating, internal strain and difficulties in precise size control. In this dissertation, VCSELs using lithographic approach are demonstrated to overcome the limitations of oxide VCSELs, in which an intra-cavity phase shifting mesa is applied to define the device size and provide optical mode and electrical …
Modeling Rogue Waves In Deep Water, Maria Strawn
Modeling Rogue Waves In Deep Water, Maria Strawn
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The evolution of surface waves in deep water is governed by the nonlinear Schrodinger (NLS) equation. Spatially periodic breathers (SPBs) and rational solutions of the NLS equation are used as typical models for rogue waves since they exhibit many features of rogue waves. A major component of the dissertation is the stability of solutions of the NLS equation. We address the stability of the rational solutions of the NLS equation used to model rogue waves using squared eigenfunctions of the associated Lax Pair. This allows us to contrast to the existing results for SPBs. The stability of the constant amplitude …
Degradation Of Hexachlorobenzene, Pentachlorophenol And Pentachloroanisole Using Activated Magnesium In An Acidified Ethanol/Ethyl Lactate Cosolvent System, Amel Garbou
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
For many centuries, chemists have dedicated many labor-intensive hours to improving the quality of life for mankind by developing synthetic methods for the production of compounds which fulfill the needs and meet the demands of society. However, the innovation of such compounds has frequently come at the cost of detrimental side-effects that do not always present themselves until many years, or even decades, following their initial application. Many compounds in this category come in the form of globally-distributed halogenated molecules which are toxic to many living organisms, susceptible to bioaccumulation and resistant to biodegradation processes. Such compounds are classified as …
Confluence Of Vision And Natural Language Processing For Cross-Media Semantic Relations Extraction, Amara Tariq
Confluence Of Vision And Natural Language Processing For Cross-Media Semantic Relations Extraction, Amara Tariq
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
In this dissertation, we focus on extracting and understanding semantically meaningful relationships between data items of various modalities; especially relations between images and natural language. We explore the ideas and techniques to integrate such cross-media semantic relations for machine understanding of large heterogeneous datasets, made available through the expansion of the World Wide Web. The datasets collected from social media websites, news media outlets and blogging platforms usually contain multiple modalities of data. Intelligent systems are needed to automatically make sense out of these datasets and present them in such a way that humans can find the relevant pieces of …