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University of Arkansas, Fayetteville

1993

Articles 1 - 29 of 29

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Directory Of Water Resource Experts At Arkansas Universities And Colleges, Kenneth F. Steele Dec 1993

Directory Of Water Resource Experts At Arkansas Universities And Colleges, Kenneth F. Steele

Technical Reports

The objective of this publication is to identify those faculty and staff scientists in the universities and colleges of Arkansas who are actively conducting research on water resource issues and problems. Undoubtedly, we have omitted several such researchers, but hopefully, a second edition of this publication will be more complete.

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Arkanasas Water Resources Center Evaluation Report Fy 1988-Fy 1992, Kenneth F. Steele Aug 1993

Arkanasas Water Resources Center Evaluation Report Fy 1988-Fy 1992, Kenneth F. Steele

Technical Reports

Since the beginning of the Arkansas Water Resources Center the overall program has been focused on helping local, state and federal agencies learn to manage Arkansas' water resources. AWRC has contributed substantially to the State's water resources via research and training of students. Through the years, projects have included topics concerned with irrigation, ground water modeling, non-point source pollution (including sediment erosion), water quality, efficient septic tank design, and ecosystems. Information on water research and other water-resource information is disseminated by the Center through public presentations, conferences, and publications. Since 1980, an average of more than 15 principal investigators a …

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Determination Of The Efficacy Of Fertilization Practices On Bob Kidd Lake, Richard L. Meyer, Jeanette K. Shipley-Phillips Jun 1993

Determination Of The Efficacy Of Fertilization Practices On Bob Kidd Lake, Richard L. Meyer, Jeanette K. Shipley-Phillips

Technical Reports

Fertilization strategies have been used as a standard practice on Bob Kidd and other lakes and reservoirs to enhance the availability of phytoplankton and zooplankton as food sources for developing fish. The nominal practice is to use a fixed application rate and a constant ratio of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer per acre of lake surface. The application technique varies as does the timing. Application techniques vary from spillage and bulk deposition of fertilizer at selected sites to broadcasting of pellets or a pre-mixed slurry via boat and/or airplane. Timing is usually in the spring under appropriate weather conditions.

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Nutrient Content Of Runoff Water From Rice Fields, C. E. Wilson Jr., P. A. Moore Jr., R. J. Norman, B. R. Wells Jun 1993

Nutrient Content Of Runoff Water From Rice Fields, C. E. Wilson Jr., P. A. Moore Jr., R. J. Norman, B. R. Wells

Technical Reports

Current perception is that nutrient runoff from croplands is a significant contributor to poor water quality in some areas. While extensive research has been conducted to survey and ameliorate this problem for several upland crops, little work has been done to evaluate the problem with flooded rice (Oryza sativa, L.) soils. Since rice production utilizes a major portion of the total irrigation water usage for certain areas, it is important to understand the contribution of rice production to non-point source N and P in surface water. Several production fields were selected to evaluate the concentrations of nutrients in the floodwater …

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The Influence Of Reservoir Basin Morphometry On Phytoplankton Community Structure, Richard L. Meyer, G. Keith Trost Jun 1993

The Influence Of Reservoir Basin Morphometry On Phytoplankton Community Structure, Richard L. Meyer, G. Keith Trost

Technical Reports

The research protocol was designed to compare three reservoirs with similar physical environments but different morphometry. Three reservoirs on the western edge of the Ozark uplift were selected because of their similar substrate and climatic condition. The reservoirs primarily differed in morphometry. Two of the reservoirs were of identical size, Bob Kidd and Prairie Groves Lakes, but of different configuration, semicircular and linear, respectively. The bifurcated lake, Lincoln Lake, was of smaller size. Each lake is dimictic. Each of the lakes were nitrate-N limited while soluble reactive phosphorus-P is available and not restricting the growth of phytoplankton. Although the pattern …

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Computer Simulation Model Calibration And Validation For Prediction Of Water Quality Impacts Of Poultry Waste Disposal, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniel Jun 1993

Computer Simulation Model Calibration And Validation For Prediction Of Water Quality Impacts Of Poultry Waste Disposal, D. R. Edwards, T. C. Daniel

Technical Reports

Runoff and water quality data collected from two pairs of grazed fields in northwestern Arkansas were analyzed to support efforts to model runoff quality from areas receiving poultry manure and other fertilizer sources. The monitoring period described in this report was September 1, 1991 to April 30, 1993. One of each pair of fields was fertilized with inorganic fertilizer, and the other received either poultry litter or manure. Losses of fertilizer constituents were quite low from an agronomic standpoint, ranging from approximately 2-11 kg N/ha/year and 0.5-4.1 kg P04-P/ha/year. Annual losses of fertilizer constituents were dominated by only a small …

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Effect Of Drying On Cyromazine Loss From Surface-Applied Caged-Layer Manure, T. C. Daniel, D. H. Pote, D. R. Edwards Jun 1993

Effect Of Drying On Cyromazine Loss From Surface-Applied Caged-Layer Manure, T. C. Daniel, D. H. Pote, D. R. Edwards

Technical Reports

In Arkansas, much of the environmental concern related to water quality has focused on the high volume of poultry fecal waste spread on the surf ace of local pastures to fertilize forage grass. Cyromazine (N-cyclopropyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6- triamine), a feed-through larvicide used to control house flies (Musca domestica), is often a component of caged-layer manure. Cyromazine is quite soluble and stable in water, and previous research has shown that it can be readily washed from pasture plots by intense rainfall. Therefore, a study was conducted to evaluate increased drying time as a best management practice technique for reducing cyromazine runoff losses from …

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Prediction And Management Of Sediments Load And Phosporus In The Beaver Reservoir Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, J. M. Mckimmey, H. D. Scott Jun 1993

Prediction And Management Of Sediments Load And Phosporus In The Beaver Reservoir Watershed Using A Geographic Information System, J. M. Mckimmey, H. D. Scott

Technical Reports

A study was conducted to compile a GIS database for the Beaver Reservoir Watershed and then use the database to run the Universal Soil Loss Equation and the Phosphorus Index Model on the War Eagle Creek Watershed, a portion of the Beaver Reservoir Watershed database. Characterization of the spat i a 1 properties of the primary attributes compiled for the watershed were reported. In addition, water quality samples taken from War Eagle Creek were analyzed for relationships across the watershed. Erosion in the watershed was lower than expected with well vegetated and fertilized pastures contributing to the reduction of annual …

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Completion Report: Pesticide And Nitrate Monitoring Results For Craighead, Mississippi, And Poinsett Counties, Arkansas: Phase Ii, Kenneth F. Steele, William R. Clayton, Terry W. Nichols, Paul F. Vendrell Jun 1993

Completion Report: Pesticide And Nitrate Monitoring Results For Craighead, Mississippi, And Poinsett Counties, Arkansas: Phase Ii, Kenneth F. Steele, William R. Clayton, Terry W. Nichols, Paul F. Vendrell

Technical Reports

Because of the concern for potential contamination of ground water by agricultural chemicals, 38 wells drilled in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer in Mississippi County and the eastern parts of Craighead and Poinsett Counties, Arkansas were analyzed for pesticides and nitrate. The pesticide, fluometuron, was detected in one sample at a concentration of 0.5 mg/L. Bentazon was detected in three samples at concentrations of 2.5, 0.3, and 0.3 mg/L. The occurrences of the pesticides appear to represent isolated incidents rather than a widespread aquifer contamination. All detections were below health and safety standards. Nitrate is present in several wells …

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Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1992, B. R. Wells Jun 1993

Arkansas Rice Research Studies 1992, B. R. Wells

Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series

The research reports in this publication represent one year of results; therefore, these results should not be used as a basis for longterm recommendations. Several research reports in this publication dealing with soil fertility also appear in Arkansas Soil Fertility Studies 1992, Arkansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Series 425. This duplication is the result of the overlap in research coverage between the two series and our effort to inform Arkansas rice producers of all the research being conducted with funds from the rice check-off.

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Focus On Phosphorus: Arkansas Water Resources Center Research Conference, Kenneth F. Steele Apr 1993

Focus On Phosphorus: Arkansas Water Resources Center Research Conference, Kenneth F. Steele

Technical Reports

No abstract provided.

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User-Interface Coding For The Cern/Geant Nuclear Physics Program, David L. Roetzel, Wilfred J. Braithwaite Jan 1993

User-Interface Coding For The Cern/Geant Nuclear Physics Program, David L. Roetzel, Wilfred J. Braithwaite

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Explanations will be given of the various user-written routines required by the Monte Carlo detector-modeling program GEANT, developed by CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. User-written routines must be linked with the CERN library to accomplish the researcher's intentions. Examples will illustrate how GEANT passes information to subprograms needed to model events. Various data structures used by GEANT library calls and included in each user routine, are similarly illustrated. Both computational-speed and memory-size limitations need to be factored into the construction of a simulation model. This will constrain the calls used in the user-written routines. Examples are provided of …

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Completion Report: Arkansas State Pesticides In Ground Water Monitoring Project, Terry Nichols, Paul Vendrell, Kenneth Steele Jan 1993

Completion Report: Arkansas State Pesticides In Ground Water Monitoring Project, Terry Nichols, Paul Vendrell, Kenneth Steele

Technical Reports

Executive Summary. The Arkansas State Plant Board (ASPB) has completed a monitoring project in Ashley County, Arkansas. Twenty-nine samples from 23 wells were analyzed for 10 pesticides commonly used in Ashley County. The only detection was Metolachlor, at 0. 71 ug/L, in one well. When the well was subsequently resampled no pesticides were detected. Fifteen of the wells were also tested for nitrate. In one of the wells nitrate was measured at 10.3 mg/L. The other wells were all below 0.05 mg/L. Extensive quality assurance (QA) data collected during the project indicate that 94% of the pesticide data meet all …

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Woodruff County Groundwater Vulnerability, H. D. Scott Jan 1993

Woodruff County Groundwater Vulnerability, H. D. Scott

Technical Reports

There is much unknown about the extent of pesticide contamination of groundwater in Arkansas. In recent years, several research studies have been conducted where wells for irrigation and domestic uses have been sampled and analyzed for pesticides (Lavy, 1988; USGS,1993; Nichols, et al., 1993). For state and federal regulatory agencies, evaluation of the potential ground water contamination begins with considering those areas in Arkansas where pesticides are used and where the ground water is vulnerable to contamination. With a relatively large area of crops grown in Arkansas and only limited financial resources available for chemical analyses by state and federal …

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Monte Carlo Director Modeling And Display, Using The Cern Laboratory, Christine A. Byrd, Charles M. Byrd, Wilfred J. Braithwaite Jan 1993

Monte Carlo Director Modeling And Display, Using The Cern Laboratory, Christine A. Byrd, Charles M. Byrd, Wilfred J. Braithwaite

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Detectors for high energy nuclear physics experiments are being modeled using programs developed and maintained at CERN, the European Organization for Nuclear Research. These programs include data handling and display routines, as well as those using random-sampling Monte Carlo techniques to calculate energy depositions for high energy particles as they pass through the various parts of the detector system. The complete CERN library has been imported for use with our Workstation computers in a multiple user environment. The enormous CERN Monte Carlo program GEANT(French for GIANT) tracks the progress of a particle through a detector on a simulated event-by-event basis. …

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Ichthyofauna Of The Village Creek System, Anthony Holt, George L. Harp Jan 1993

Ichthyofauna Of The Village Creek System, Anthony Holt, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Village creek is a lowland stream lying in the Mississippi Embayment in Randolph, Lawrence and Jackson counties in northeastern Arkansas. The stream has been channelized in Randolph and Lawrence counties as have most of its tributaries. The Jackson County portion of the stream has not been channelized. Twelve sites were sampled seasonally by seining along Village Creek and its tributaries. In addition to seasonal work, six sites were sampled from one to three times each by several methods. A total of 8000 specimens was collected by all means used (7754 at seasonal sites and 246 at supplemental sites). Forty-two species …

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Environmental Analysis Of The Caddo River And Its Tributaries: Comparison Of Water Quality During 1992 With 1974-75, Kelly L. House, Jimmy D. Bragg, Clark Kuyper, T. Kent Thomas, C. Renn Tumlison Jan 1993

Environmental Analysis Of The Caddo River And Its Tributaries: Comparison Of Water Quality During 1992 With 1974-75, Kelly L. House, Jimmy D. Bragg, Clark Kuyper, T. Kent Thomas, C. Renn Tumlison

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Environmental data related to water quality of the Caddo River and its tributaries were collected from March - October, 1992, and compared with data from August, 1974 - May, 1975. Bacterial, chemical and physical parameters were investigated at six river locations and thirteen tributary sites. Ammonia, nitrates, soluble phosphorus, turbidity and fecal coliform were significantly lower, and sodium and potassium were significantly higher in 1992 than during the previous study. Bacterial loading exceeded EPA criteria at some locations during both studies.

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Effects Of Domestic Wastewater Effluent On The Water Quality And Aquatic Macroinvertebrates In A Sharp County, Arkansas Stream, Linda E. Moss, George L. Harp Jan 1993

Effects Of Domestic Wastewater Effluent On The Water Quality And Aquatic Macroinvertebrates In A Sharp County, Arkansas Stream, Linda E. Moss, George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The purpose of this study was to determine whether the effluent of the Ash Flat Wastewater Treatment Plant changes the water quality or aquatic macroinvertebrate community structure of North Big Creek. Weekly water samples were analyzed for pH, N, P, COD, TSS and fecal coliform bacteria from 17 June to 19 August 1992. Aquatic macroinvertebrates were collected biweekly using a Turtox Indestructible™ Dip Net, and density indices were calculated. Station 1, above the effluent, was a spring habitat. Fecal coliform, N, P, TSS and COD values were higher at this station, while the aquatic macroinvertebrate community was relatively simple. The …

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Determination Of Hammett Pyridine 3-Aza And 4-Aza Replacement Constants By 1h Nmr Studies Of Amide Systems, Frank L. Setliff, Nikhil G. Soman, Alan D. Toland Jan 1993

Determination Of Hammett Pyridine 3-Aza And 4-Aza Replacement Constants By 1h Nmr Studies Of Amide Systems, Frank L. Setliff, Nikhil G. Soman, Alan D. Toland

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Values for Hammett pyridine 3-aza and 4-aza replacement constants were obtained by correlation of the amide proton chemical shifts (in DMSO) of some N-(3-pyridyl)-and N-(4-pyridyl)-dichloronicotinamides, benzamides and acetamides with those of their N-(substituted phenyl) amide analogs using standard Hammett a values

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Sinkhole Excavations In Peccary Cave, Newton County, Arkansas, Kenneth M. Ball, Leo Carson Davis Jan 1993

Sinkhole Excavations In Peccary Cave, Newton County, Arkansas, Kenneth M. Ball, Leo Carson Davis

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Suppression Of The Oxidation Of S(Iv) In Rainwater, David M. Chittenden Ii Jan 1993

Suppression Of The Oxidation Of S(Iv) In Rainwater, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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S-H Stretching Frequencies In Ruthenium Mercaptan Complexes And The Crystal And Molecular Structures Of [Cpru(Pph3)2(S-C4h, Haengsoon Park, David Minick, Mark Draganjac, Joey W. Crump, A. W. Cordes, Elizabeth M. Holt Jan 1993

S-H Stretching Frequencies In Ruthenium Mercaptan Complexes And The Crystal And Molecular Structures Of [Cpru(Pph3)2(S-C4h, Haengsoon Park, David Minick, Mark Draganjac, Joey W. Crump, A. W. Cordes, Elizabeth M. Holt

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Time Projection Chamber's Efficiency, Obtained Using Cern's Geant Code, Christine A. Byrd, Charles M. Byrd, Wilfred J. Braithwaite Jan 1993

Time Projection Chamber's Efficiency, Obtained Using Cern's Geant Code, Christine A. Byrd, Charles M. Byrd, Wilfred J. Braithwaite

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Geometrical acceptance and reconstruction of tracks have been carried out for a Time Projection Chamber (TPC) used in Experiment NA35: the 35th experiment in the North Area of the Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS), located at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN). NA35 used the SPS at CERN to produce 6.4 TeV beams of 32S for central collisions with Au nuclei. The TPC modeling effort used a modified version of CERN's Monte Carlo program GEANT, which simulates the response of the NA35 TPC to output from CERN's primary event generators. GEANT was used to simulate three-dimensional pixel data in the …

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Larval Chironomids Of The St. Francis Sunken Lands In Northeast Arkansas, Betty G. Cochran, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., George L. Harp Jan 1993

Larval Chironomids Of The St. Francis Sunken Lands In Northeast Arkansas, Betty G. Cochran, Edmond J. Bacon Jr., George L. Harp

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Sixty semi-annual collections (August 1987-July 1988) were made from 30 stations by sampling each station twice for 1.5 man-hours with an aquatic dipnet. Larval chironomids were mounted on slides and identified at 400-1000 magnifications using a Leitz Dialux 20 EB microscope. A survey of the aquatic macroinvertebrates of the St. Francis Sunken Lands in northeast Arkansas revealed 36 taxa of Order Diptera, Family Chironomidae. The taxa were used to evaluate the general health of the aquatic environment. Stations that were located within the least disturbed areas, which were old river channels and oxbows, contained the highest number of organisms and …

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Ultraviolet Spectra Of Acetic Acid, Glycine, And Glyphosate, J. Scott Mcconnell, Rose M. Mcconnell, Lloyd R. Hossner Jan 1993

Ultraviolet Spectra Of Acetic Acid, Glycine, And Glyphosate, J. Scott Mcconnell, Rose M. Mcconnell, Lloyd R. Hossner

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The influence of pH on the ultraviolet spectra of 0.001, 0.005, and 0.010 M glyphosate, glycine, and acetic acid was investigated. Each dilution of each acid was adjusted to acidic, neutral, and basic pH values. Ultraviolet spectra were recorded from 300 to 200 nm for each acid-dilution-pH combination. The wavelength of maximum absorption (Lambdamax) of glyphosate and glycine was slightly higher in the high pH solutions than in the neutral and low pH solutions. The Lambdamax of acetic acid was apparently unaffected by changes in ph. Molar extinction coefficients (epsilon) at Lambdamax increased with pH for all three acids. Regression …

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Three Year Study On A Cypress-Tupelo Swamp In Independence County, Arkansas, Veryl V. Board, Andrea Reeves, Charlotte Allen Jan 1993

Three Year Study On A Cypress-Tupelo Swamp In Independence County, Arkansas, Veryl V. Board, Andrea Reeves, Charlotte Allen

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Ichthyofauna Of A Cypress-Tupelo Swamp, Veryl V. Board, Charlotte Allen, Andrea Reeves Jan 1993

Ichthyofauna Of A Cypress-Tupelo Swamp, Veryl V. Board, Charlotte Allen, Andrea Reeves

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Rapid Reduction Of Nitrate Ion In Rain Water, David M. Chittenden Ii Jan 1993

Rapid Reduction Of Nitrate Ion In Rain Water, David M. Chittenden Ii

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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Microscale Preparation Of Pyrocatechol: The Use Of Sodium Percarbonate In The Dakin Reaction, T. Evans Yamazaki, Dominic T.C. Yang Jan 1993

Microscale Preparation Of Pyrocatechol: The Use Of Sodium Percarbonate In The Dakin Reaction, T. Evans Yamazaki, Dominic T.C. Yang

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

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