Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

A Conceptual Continuous Process For The Treatment And Toxicity Reduction Of Wastewater Contaminated With 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol: Extended Abstract, Somnath Basu, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

Fenton's Reagent is an aqueous solution of ferrous ions and hydrogen peroxide. Through laboratory experiments Fenton's Reagent has been shown to be an excellent treatment agent for the removal of organic contaminants dissolved in water. It carries out oxidative degradation of various organic substrates using the principle of advanced chemical oxidation. This is an excellent alternate route for the removal of hazardous and toxic chemicals, which are recalcitrant to biological treatment. The authors of this paper conducted an extensive laboratory investigation to study the degradation of 2,4,6- Trichlorophenol (TCP) using Fenton's Reagent, reported elsewhere. The results indicated an optimum H₂O₂:TCP …

Computer Simulation Of Lime-Soda Water Softening Process, J. C. Y. Chen, I. W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

No abstract provided.

Upflow Anaerobic Filter With Dual Media: A Novel Concept, K. Jain, I. Wei, A. Panchal, N. Varandani

Irvine W. Wei

To overcome two of the main problems intrinsic to upflow anaerobic filters using single media--clogging and biomass washout--a new strategy consisting of two different media is studied. The study is to evaluate the performance of Dual Media Upflow Anaerobic Filter (DM UAF), a novel wastewater treatment unit using synthetic waste as well as primary treated effluent of Common Effluent Treatment Plant (CETP), Vatva, India, operated by The Green Environment Services Co-Operative Society Ltd. and also to compare the performance of DM UAF with Single media UAF on a laboratory scale. Biokinetics of DM UAF was also determined. A 14.45 L …

Advanced Chemical Oxidation And Toxicity Reduction Of 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol By Using Fenton's Reagent: Part I, Kuang-Wei (Stone) Chen, Somnath Basu, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

The objective of this study is to exmnine the removal of a priority chlorinated aromatic pollutant, 2,4,6-Trichlorophenol (TCP), in aqueous solution by using Fenton's Reagent (a mixture of hydrogen peroxide and ferrous iron catalyst). Chlorinated phenols are priority pollutants, regulated by stringent discharge litnits. The presence of chlorine increases the toxicity of these phenolic compounds and decreases their biodegradability. Therefore, the processes of oxidation and dechlorination of chlorinated phenols by using Fenton's Reagent were employed in this study. Experiments were conducted in one-liter stirred batch reactors at 20°C. Three parallel reactors were used for reactions between 0.25 mM 2,4,6-TCP and …

An Assessment Of The Water Distribution System In The City Of Medford, Massachusetts, Yogesh Jitoo, Irvine Wei, Thomas R. Morgan, Donald Ouellette

Irvine W. Wei

The objective of this paper is to present the analysis of the water distribution system for the City of Medford, Massachusetts to identify areas of pressure deficiency. H₂OMAP Water Suite, modeling software, was used to assess the system, and using the calibrated hydraulic model of the water distribution system, the current available fire flows were compared to the required fire flows as determined by the Insurance Services Office (ISO) in 2002. Further, the influence of improvements made by the City to the distribution system from 2002 through 2004 to meet the required fire flows was evaluated. The model was also …

Water Management In Oil Shale Production, R. Edwin Hicks, Ronald F. Probstein, Irvine Wei

Irvine W. Wei

Material balance calculations for several proposed oil shale processes have been made and show that water requirements vary from 2 to 5 times the product oil rate. Wastewater is produced at from one-third to 1.5 times the product oil rate and may be treated and used to offset the source water requirement. Water management schemes are used to show the degree of treatment required for each type of wastewater. Conceptual designs of treatment trains, based on laboratory investigations of reverse osmosis, resin adsorption, biological oxidation and steam stripping processes on actual wastewaters, show that water management costs range from 60¢ …

Chemistry Of Lime-Soda Softening Of Cooling Water, Li-Shiang Liang, David J. Goldstein, Irvine W. Wei

Irvine W. Wei

No abstract provided.

Developing The Lismore Csg Poll- A University/Local Government Collaboration, Hanabeth Luke, Kristin Den Exter, William Boyd, David Lloyd, Ben Roche

Dr Kristin den Exter

Regional universities can contribute to the capacity of regional governance by providing an important source of specialist knowledge that can be used to aid problem-solving and engage communities more actively in decision-making. This paper reports a case of a partnership between a regional university and a local government authority (LGA), in a situation where the local government authority chose to run a referendum-style poll on a regionally important environmental and industrial issue; the development of the coal seam gas industry in a rural area. The partnership was adopted to produce an independently developed question for the poll. The poll question …

Paradoxes Of Democratisation: Environmental Politics In East Asia, Mary Alice Haddad

Mary Alice Haddad

This chapter examines environmental politics in four polities that run the full spectrum of political regimes: mainland China (authoritarian), South Korea and Taiwan (newly democratic), and Japan (mature democracy). The chapter argues that variation in environmental politics in each place resulted primarily from the timing of their environmental movements, with subsequent movements learning from predecessors and gaining increasing access to global NGO networks. Paradoxically, when environmental movements became linked to democratization movements (in South Korea and Taiwan), they also became linked to political parties, which hindered access to government policymaking when non-allied parties were in power.

Sweet Sorghum As A Bioenergy Crop: Literature Review, Teshome Regassa

Teshome H. Regassa

No abstract provided.

Opportunities For Energy Crop Production Based On Subfield Scale Distribution Of Profitability, Ian J. Bonner, Kara G. Cafferty, David J. Muth, Mark D. Tomer, David E. James, Sarah A. Porter, Douglas L. Karlen

Douglas L Karlen

Incorporation of dedicated herbaceous energy crops into row crop landscapes is a promising means to supply an expanding biofuel industry while benefiting soil and water quality and increasing biodiversity. Despite these positive traits, energy crops remain largely unaccepted due to concerns over their practicality and cost of implementation. This paper presents a case study for Hardin County, Iowa, to demonstrate how subfield decision making can be used to target candidate areas for conversion to energy crop production. Estimates of variability in row crop production at a subfield level are used to model the economic performance of corn (Zea mays L.) …

The Effects Of Surface Water Velocity On Hyporheic Interchange, Timothy Sickbert, Eric Wade Peterson

Eric Wade Peterson

When evaluating hyporheic exchange in a flowing stream, it is inappropriate to directly compare stream stage with subsurface hydraulic head (h) to determine direction and magnitude of the gradient between the stream and the subsurface. In the case of moving water, it is invalid to ignore velocity and to assume that stage equals the net downward pressure on the streambed. The Bernoulli equation describes the distribution of energy within flowing fluids and implies that net pressure decreases as a function of velocity, i.e., the Venturi Effect, which sufficiently reduces the pressure on the streambed to create the appearance of a …

Advancing Green Economy Through Technology Transfer Experiences From Malawi, Stanley Mubako

Stanley Mubako

No abstract provided.

Atmospheric Methane Over The Arctic Ocean: Thermal Ir Satellite And Ship- Based Observations, Leonid Yurganov

Leonid Yurganov

Recent warming of the Arctic stimulated speculations about dissociation of methane hydrates in the Arctic seabed and a new climatic positive feedback. Here, for the first time, methane low tropospheric satellite retrievals over the Arctic from two instruments: AIRS (Atmospheric IR Sounder) and IASI (Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer) were analyzed. Analyzed are data for areas over open water with high values of the vertical thermal contrast (ThC, defined here as the temperature difference between the surface and altitude of 4 km); they have been found to be reliable. The seasonal cycles of the data well correlate with the cycles measured …

Air Concentrations Of Volatile Compounds Near Oil And Gas Production: A Community-Based Exploratory Study, Gregg P. Macey

Gregg P. Macey

Background: Horizontal drilling, hydraulic fracturing, and other drilling and well stimulation technologies are now used widely in the United States and increasingly in other countries. They enable increases in oil and gas production, but there has been inadequate attention to human health impacts. Air quality near oil and gas operations is an underexplored human health concern for five reasons: (1) prior focus on threats to water quality; (2) an evolving understanding of contributions of certain oil and gas production processes to air quality; (3) limited state air quality monitoring networks; (4) significant variability in air emissions and concentrations; and (5) …

Communicating Climate Change: Are Stories Better Than ‘Just The Facts?’, Michael D. Jones Dr.

Michael D. Jones

Climate Change Adaptation And Water In Semi-Arid Regions: A Case Study Of The Limpopo River Basin, Stanley Mubako

Stanley Mubako

No abstract provided.

Local Perceptions Of Tibetan Village Sacred Forests In Northwest Yunnan, Jodi Brandt, Teri Allendorf

Jodi Brandt

No abstract provided.