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Articles 31 - 38 of 38
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy-Spatial Taxon Cut, Lauren Barghout
Image Segmentation Using Fuzzy-Spatial Taxon Cut, Lauren Barghout
MODVIS Workshop
Images convey multiple meanings that depend on the context in which the viewer perceptually organizes the scene. This presents a problem for automated image segmentation, because it adds uncertainty to the process of selecting which objects to include or not include within a segment. I’ll discuss the implementation of a fuzzy-logic-natural-vision-processing engine that solves this problem by assuming the scene architecture prior to processing. The scene architecture, a standardized natural-scene-perception-taxonomy comprised of a hierarchy of nested spatial-taxons. Spatial-taxons are regions (pixel-sets) that are figure-like, in that they are perceived as having a contour, are either `thing-like', or a `group of …
Video Event Understanding With Pattern Theory, Fillipe Souza, Sudeep Sarkar, Anuj Srivastava, Jingyong Su
Video Event Understanding With Pattern Theory, Fillipe Souza, Sudeep Sarkar, Anuj Srivastava, Jingyong Su
MODVIS Workshop
We propose a combinatorial approach built on Grenander’s pattern theory to generate semantic interpretations of video events of human activities. The basic units of representations, termed generators, are linked with each other using pairwise connections, termed bonds, that satisfy predefined relations. Different generators are specified for different levels, from (image) features at the bottom level to (human) actions at the highest, providing a rich representation of items in a scene. The resulting configurations of connected generators provide scene interpretations; the inference goal is to parse given video data and generate high-probability configurations. The probabilistic structures are imposed using energies that …
Metacognition: Using Confidence Ratings For Type 2 And Type 1 Roc Curves, S A. Klein
Metacognition: Using Confidence Ratings For Type 2 And Type 1 Roc Curves, S A. Klein
MODVIS Workshop
In the past five years there has been a surge of renewed interest in metacognition ("thinking about thinking"). The typical experiment involves a binary judgment followed by a multilevel confidence rating. It is a confusing topic because the rating could be made either on one's confidence in the binary response (standard rating Type 1 ROC) or on one's confidence sorted by whether the response was correct (Type 2 ROC). Both are metacognition. After a few remarks on challenging aspects of the Type 2 approach, I will present some interesting results for Type 1 ROC for both memory and vision research. …
Two Correspondence Problems Easier Than One, Aaron Michaux, Zygmunt Pizlo
Two Correspondence Problems Easier Than One, Aaron Michaux, Zygmunt Pizlo
MODVIS Workshop
Computer vision research rarely makes use of symmetry in stereo reconstruction despite its established importance in perceptual psychology. Such stereo reconstructions produce visually satisfying figures with precisely located points and lines, even when input images have low or moderate resolution. However, because few invariants exist, there are no known general approaches to solving symmetry correspondence on real images. The problem is significantly easier when combined with the binocular correspondence problem, because each correspondence problem provides strong non-overlapping constraints on the solution space. We demonstrate a system that leverages these constraints to produce accurate stereo models from pairs of binocular images …
Binocular 3d Motion Perception As Bayesian Inference, Martin Lages, Suzanne Heron
Binocular 3d Motion Perception As Bayesian Inference, Martin Lages, Suzanne Heron
MODVIS Workshop
The human visual system encodes monocular motion and binocular disparity input before it is integrated into a single 3D percept. Here we propose a geometric-statistical model of human 3D motion perception that solves the aperture problem in 3D by assuming that (i) velocity constraints arise from inverse projection of local 2D velocity constraints in a binocular viewing geometry, (ii) noise from monocular motion and binocular disparity processing is independent, and (iii) slower motions are more likely to occur than faster ones. In two experiments we found that instantiation of this Bayesian model can explain perceived 3D line motion direction under …
Formal Aspects Of Non-Rigid-Shape-From-Motion Perception, Vicky Froyen, Qasim Zaidi
Formal Aspects Of Non-Rigid-Shape-From-Motion Perception, Vicky Froyen, Qasim Zaidi
MODVIS Workshop
Our world is full of objects that deform over time, for example animals, trees and clouds. Yet, the human visual system seems to readily disentangle object motions from non-rigid deformations, in order to categorize objects, recognize the nature of actions such as running or jumping, and even to infer intentions. A large body of experimental work has been devoted to extracting rigid structure from motion, but there is little experimental work on the perception of non-rigid 3-D shapes from motion (e.g. Jain, 2011). Similarly, until recently, almost all formal work had concentrated on the rigid case. In the last fifteen …
Object Recognition And Visual Search With A Physiologically Grounded Model Of Visual Attention, Frederik Beuth, Fred H. Hamker
Object Recognition And Visual Search With A Physiologically Grounded Model Of Visual Attention, Frederik Beuth, Fred H. Hamker
MODVIS Workshop
Visual attention models can explain a rich set of physiological data (Reynolds & Heeger, 2009, Neuron), but can rarely link these findings to real-world tasks. Here, we would like to narrow this gap with a novel, physiologically grounded model of visual attention by demonstrating its objects recognition abilities in noisy scenes.
To base the model on physiological data, we used a recently developed microcircuit model of visual attention (Beuth & Hamker, in revision, Vision Res) which explains a large set of attention experiments, e.g. biased competition, modulation of contrast response functions, tuning curves, and surround suppression. Objects are represented by …
Modeling Visual Features To Recognize Biological Motion: A Developmental Approach, Giulio Sandini, Nicoletta Noceti, Alessia Vignolo, Alessandra Sciutti, Francesco Rea, Alessandro Verri, Francesca Odone
Modeling Visual Features To Recognize Biological Motion: A Developmental Approach, Giulio Sandini, Nicoletta Noceti, Alessia Vignolo, Alessandra Sciutti, Francesco Rea, Alessandro Verri, Francesca Odone
MODVIS Workshop
In this work we deal with the problem of designing and developing computational vision models – comparable to the early stages of the human development – using coarse low-level information.
More specifically, we consider a binary classification setting to characterize biological movements with respect to non-biological dynamic events. To this purpose, our model builds on top of the optical flow estimation, and abstract the representation to simulate the limited amount of visual information available at birth. We take inspiration from known biological motion regularities explained by the Two-Thirds Power Law, and design a motion representation that includes different low-level features, …