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Marquette University

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Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Global Challenges In Accessing Mental Health Services And Addressing The Impact Of Alzheimer's Disease And Depression, Padmapriya Velupillai Meikandan Apr 2024

Global Challenges In Accessing Mental Health Services And Addressing The Impact Of Alzheimer's Disease And Depression, Padmapriya Velupillai Meikandan

Master's Theses (2009 -)

This research project focuses on developing a quantum sensing system that can detect biomarkers associated with health disorders, like Alzheimer’s and depression. Our goal is to create a sensitive and highly selective quantum sensing device using a diamond nitrogen vacancy (NV) center. To train and test our quantum machine learning algorithms we will preprocess data from the available Human Connectome Project dataset. This dataset forms the basis of our quantum-based methods. The core of our project revolves around developing quantum machine learning algorithms that utilize techniques such as Support Vector Machines and neural networks to diagnose health disorders using data …

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Integrating Drone And Satellite Imaging With Machine Learning For Green Stormwater Infrastructure Condition Assessments, Matthew Dupasquier Apr 2024

Integrating Drone And Satellite Imaging With Machine Learning For Green Stormwater Infrastructure Condition Assessments, Matthew Dupasquier

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Green Stormwater Infrastructure (GSI) has been increasingly utilized to improve urban stormwater management strategies. However, the performance and utility of GSI decrease over time if the infrastructure is not properly maintained. In recent history, the intrinsic operations and maintenance costs associated with the complex networks of new infrastructure have placed a burden on municipalities, ultimately prohibiting many from reaching the full extent of their stormwater management goals. One way for cities to achieve cost savings is through automated monitoring that can quickly assess the condition of GSI assets; however, existing cost-effective technologies are limited. Drones and satellites may be able …

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Advanced Machine Learning Approaches For Predicting Mental Health Disorders Following Long Covid Diagnosis, Manoj Purohit Apr 2024

Advanced Machine Learning Approaches For Predicting Mental Health Disorders Following Long Covid Diagnosis, Manoj Purohit

Master's Theses (2009 -)

After the global spread of COVID-19, the enduring effects of Long COVID and its health implications have emerged as a significant global issue, affecting people worldwide. The lingering symptoms post a COVID-19 infection can significantly affect individuals who had previously contracted the virus, exerting considerable influence over their mental well-being. Prolonged recuperation associated with Long COVID has been connected with the emergence of symptoms such as depression and anxiety, all of which can have adverse effects on emotional health. This project delves into an in-depth analysis of healthcare data pertaining to Long COVID from the Froedtert Health (FH) Medical System …

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Metal Organic Frameworks (Mofs) Supported Single Atom Catalysts (Sacs) For Solar Fuel Conversion, Humphrey Chiromo Oct 2023

Metal Organic Frameworks (Mofs) Supported Single Atom Catalysts (Sacs) For Solar Fuel Conversion, Humphrey Chiromo

Dissertations (1934 -)

The continual reliance on non-renewable energy sources from fossil fuels to meet the world’s energy demand is causing serious environmental problems such as air pollution and global warming, hence there is a need of an alternative clean sustainable energy source. Exploration of clean sustainable renewable energies shows great promise to replace fossil fuels to meet global energy needs. Among the renewable energy sources, solar energy represents one of the most promising alternative energy sources due to its abundance and sustainability. However, the major challenge is the harvesting and storage of solar energy. One of the promising approaches to resolve these …

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Designing Human-Centered Algorithms For The Public Sector: A Case Study Of The U.S. Child Welfare System, Devansh Saxena Jul 2023

Designing Human-Centered Algorithms For The Public Sector: A Case Study Of The U.S. Child Welfare System, Devansh Saxena

Dissertations (1934 -)

Public sector agencies in the United States are increasingly seeking to emulate business models of the private sector centered in efficiency, cost reduction, and innovation through the adoption of algorithmic systems. These data-driven systems purportedly improve decision-making; however, the public sector poses its own unique challenges where policies, practices, and organizational constraints mediate all decisions. Algorithms that do not account for these pertinent aspects of professional practice frustrate practitioners, diminish the quality of human discretionary work, and amplify biases in decision-making. A human-centered research agenda can help us develop algorithms centered in social-ecological theories that support the decision-making processes of …

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Elucidating The Structure And Regulatory Interactions Of The Hotair Non-Coding Rna And The Bacterial Rnase P. Holoenzyme, Ainur Abzhanova Jul 2023

Elucidating The Structure And Regulatory Interactions Of The Hotair Non-Coding Rna And The Bacterial Rnase P. Holoenzyme, Ainur Abzhanova

Dissertations (1934 -)

RNA structures and RNA-protein interactions are studied as potential drug targets, biomarkers in cancer, and can be administered as vaccines. The cancer associated HOTAIR (HOX transcript antisense RNA) exists in higher vertebrates and interacts with chromatin remodeling enzymes. We examined the thermodynamic folding properties and structural propensity of the exonic regions of HOTAIR using biophysical methods and NMR spectroscopy. Different exons of HOTAIR contain variable degrees of structural heterogeneity. We identify one exonic region, exon 4, that adopts a stable and compact fold under low magnesium concentrations. Close agreement of NMR spectroscopy and chemical probing confirm conserved base pair interactions …

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Artificial Intelligence-Based Smarter Accessibility Evaluations For Comprehensive And Personalized Assessment, Sayeda Farzana Aktar Jul 2023

Artificial Intelligence-Based Smarter Accessibility Evaluations For Comprehensive And Personalized Assessment, Sayeda Farzana Aktar

Dissertations (1934 -)

The research focuses on utilizing artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) algorithms to enhance accessibility for people with disabilities (PwD) in three areas: public buildings, homes, and medical devices. The overarching goal is to improve the accuracy, reliability, and effectiveness of accessibility evaluation systems by leveraging smarter technologies. For public buildings, the challenge lies in developing an accurate and reliable accessibility evaluation system. AI can play a crucial role by analyzing data, identifying potential barriers, and assessing the accessibility of various features within buildings. By training ML algorithms on relevant data, the system can learn to make accurate predictions …

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Photophysical And Photocatalytic Properties Of Covalent Organic Frameworks, Daniel Streater H. Jul 2023

Photophysical And Photocatalytic Properties Of Covalent Organic Frameworks, Daniel Streater H.

Dissertations (1934 -)

This dissertation is most interested in how a class of materials known as covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can be designed to capture photon energy to initiate chemical reactions. Different COF designs change how long the energy is held, how it migrates, and how it is dispersed – and these differences can be used to change their performance as artificial photosynthesis platforms. Thus, it is helpful to have an informative discussion about the processes behind natural photosynthesis, that is, nature’s light harvesting strategies and photocatalytic schemes (Section 1.2) and will lead into an introduction of COFs and why they possess unique …

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Exploring Post-Quantum Cryptographic Schemes For Tls In 5g Nb-Iot: Feasibility And Recommendations, Kadir Sabanci Apr 2023

Exploring Post-Quantum Cryptographic Schemes For Tls In 5g Nb-Iot: Feasibility And Recommendations, Kadir Sabanci

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Narrowband Internet of Things (NB-IoT) is a wireless communication technology that enables a wide range of applications, from smart cities to industrial automation. As a part of the 5G extension, NB-IoT promises to connect billions of devices with low-power and low-cost requirements. However, with the advent of quantum computers, the incoming NB-IoT era is already under threat due to conventional cryptographic algorithms that might be adapted to secure devices in NB-IoT being susceptible to be broken soon. In this context, we investigate the feasibility of using post-quantum key exchange and signature algorithms for securing NB-IoT applications. We develop a realistic …

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Using Object Detection To Navigate A Game Playfield, Peter Kearnan Hyde-Smith Apr 2023

Using Object Detection To Navigate A Game Playfield, Peter Kearnan Hyde-Smith

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Perhaps the crown jewel of AI is the self-navigating agent. To take many sources of data as input and use it to traverse complex and varied areas while mitigating risk and damage to the vehicle that is being controlled, visual object detection is a key part of the overall suite of this technology. While much efforts are being put towards real-world applications, for example self-driving cars, healthcare related issues and automated manufacturing, we apply object detection in a different way; the automation of movement across a video game play field. We take the TensorFlow Object Detection API and use it …

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Enots Wolley Variations And Related Sequences, Nathan Myles Nichols Apr 2023

Enots Wolley Variations And Related Sequences, Nathan Myles Nichols

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The Enots Wolley sequence is a lexicographically earliest sequence (LES) that is closely related to the Yellowstone sequence. It is an open conjecture by N. J. Sloane that every number with at least two distinct prime factors appears as a term of the Enots Wolley sequence. In this thesis, this conjecture is proved for a variation of the Enots Wolley sequence that operates on the binary representation of a positive integer rather than the prime factorization. The methods used are then applied to prove some new properties of the prime factorization Enots Wolley sequence.

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A Package Of Smartphone And Sensor-Based Objective Measurement Tools For Physical And Social Exertional Activities For Patients With Illness-Limiting Capacities, Arafat Mahmood Apr 2023

A Package Of Smartphone And Sensor-Based Objective Measurement Tools For Physical And Social Exertional Activities For Patients With Illness-Limiting Capacities, Arafat Mahmood

Dissertations (1934 -)

Patients with several incompletely diagnosed and understood chronic diseases suffer from symptoms that limit their functional capacity. In particular, patients with chronic fatigue syndrome/myalgic encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) and long covid syndromes have variable fatigue, malaise, poor and unrefreshing sleep, and delayed post-exertional exacerbations of these symptoms. There are no specific tests for these patients to diagnose their diseases properly. These patients must be aware of their daily activities and energy expenditure. Even a little physical effort or socially extroverted behavior can make them tired and incapable of continuing their daily routine. A comprehensive summary of the measured activities at any particular …

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Exploring New Techniques For Precision Deuteration Of Alkenes And Alkynes, Zoua Pa Vang Apr 2023

Exploring New Techniques For Precision Deuteration Of Alkenes And Alkynes, Zoua Pa Vang

Dissertations (1934 -)

Deuterium labeled compounds are often utilized in chemical research as internal standards in mass spectrometry, to study reaction mechanisms and in the pharmaceutical industry to slow the rate of metabolism. With the increase interest for deuterium labeled molecules, there is a renewed interest in selective methods for the installation of deuterium atoms into small organic molecules. However, current methods to incorporate deuterium atoms into organic molecules can lead to isotopic mixtures such as isotopologues and isotopomers. These isotopic species are indistinguishable due to their similar physical properties, leading to inseparable products by common purification techniques. Furthermore, common spectroscopic techniques to …

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Transcriptional Profile Of Cohesin Complex Mutations In The Background Of Npm1 And Runx1-Runx1t1 Aml, Jacob Tiegs Oct 2022

Transcriptional Profile Of Cohesin Complex Mutations In The Background Of Npm1 And Runx1-Runx1t1 Aml, Jacob Tiegs

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Acute Myeloid Leukemia is a cancer of the blood, characterized by a heterogenous mixture of disease causing mutations. Mutations of the cohesin complex is a group of such mutations and occur alongside several other driving mutations in the development of Acute Myeloid Leukemia. This thesis specifically focuses on cohesin complex mutations in the context of concurrence with NPM1 mutation and the Core Binding Factor (CBF) mutation RUNX1-RUNX1T1 in three distinct components. The first two components involved Differential Expression Analysis (DEA) to identify significantly differentiated genes in each model, followed by Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) to identify Gene Ontology (GO) …

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Bit-Flip Aware Data Structures For Phase Change Memory, Arockia David Roy Kulandai Oct 2022

Bit-Flip Aware Data Structures For Phase Change Memory, Arockia David Roy Kulandai

Dissertations (1934 -)

Big, non-volatile, byte-addressable, low-cost, and fast non-volatile memories like Phase Change Memory are appearing in the marketplace. They have the capability to unify both memory and storage and allow us to rethink the present memory hierarchy. An important draw-back to Phase Change Memory is limited write-endurance. In addition, Phase Change Memory shares with other Non-Volatile Random Access Memories an asym- metry in the energy costs of writes and reads. Best use of Non-Volatile Random Access Memories limits the number of times a Non-Volatile Random Access Memory cell changes contents, called a bit-flip. While the future of main memory is still …

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Designing A Patient-Centered Clinical Workflow To Assess Cyberbully Experiences Of Youths In The U.S. Healthcare System, Fayika Farhat Nova Oct 2022

Designing A Patient-Centered Clinical Workflow To Assess Cyberbully Experiences Of Youths In The U.S. Healthcare System, Fayika Farhat Nova

Dissertations (1934 -)

Cyberbullying or online harassment is often defined as when someone repeatedly and intentionally harasses, mistreats, or makes fun of others aiming to scare, anger or shame them using electronic devices [296]. Youths experiencing cyberbullying report higher levels of anxiety and depression, mental distress, suicide thoughts, and substance abuse than their non-bullied peers [360, 605, 261, 354]. Even though bullying is associated with significant health problems, to date, very little youth anti-bullying efforts are initiated and directed in clinical settings. There is presently no standardized procedure or workflow across health systems for systematically assessing cyberbullying or other equally dangerous online activities …

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Application Of Nanodisc Technology To A Membrane-Bound P450: Functional Studies And Resonance Raman Studies On Cyp51a1, Yuanqi Jing Oct 2022

Application Of Nanodisc Technology To A Membrane-Bound P450: Functional Studies And Resonance Raman Studies On Cyp51a1, Yuanqi Jing

Dissertations (1934 -)

Membrane-bound cytochrome P450s are highly insoluble and tend to form aggregations in aqueous solution due to its hydrophobic N-terminal transmembrane anchor. The traditional methodology of studying membrane-bound proteins depends on the use of detergent; however, detergent solubilization of membrane P450s does not satisfy many criteria of biochemical and biophysical studies on membrane proteins. A well-developed Nanodisc technology has been proven to be an extraordinarily efficient method of studying membrane-bound P450s. The human sterol 14-demethylases (CYP51A1) are membrane-bound P450 enzymes that catalyze oxidative removal of the C32 methyl group of lanosterol by first forming an alcohol, then an aldehyde, and finally …

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Kinetics Of Isotope-Labeled Pathways In The Ozone Forming Recombination Reaction, Elizaveta Grushnikova Oct 2022

Kinetics Of Isotope-Labeled Pathways In The Ozone Forming Recombination Reaction, Elizaveta Grushnikova

Dissertations (1934 -)

The ozone layer in Earth’s atmosphere is unique and plays a vital role in the development of life. Studying the mechanism behind ozone formation helps us understand the development of our planet’s atmosphere. We focus here on the anomalous mass-independent isotope effect.1 In 1981, Mauersberger et al.2 performed an experiment using weather balloons, resulting in the discovery of the anomalous isotope effect for ozone formation. Since then, other chemists have continued to investigate the theory behind this phenomenon. To understand the nature of the isotope effect, we must consider all stages of ozone formation. The basic reaction for ozone formation …

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Graph Neural Networks For Inverse Problems With Flexible Meshes, William Herzberg Oct 2022

Graph Neural Networks For Inverse Problems With Flexible Meshes, William Herzberg

Dissertations (1934 -)

This thesis addresses the electrical impedance tomography (EIT) image reconstruction problem where samples may have irregular discretizations and presents two, new, learned reconstruction algorithms which leverage a graph framework. These new frameworks consider the irregular, non-uniform data as a graph thus allowing graph neural networks to be applied directly to the data defined over irregular meshes. Currently in imaging, convolutional neural networks are used most frequently in learned methods because they are spatially invariant and have the ability to leverage localized information. In addition, many images are represented by rows and columns of uniformly sized pixels which can easily be …

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Predicting Mental Health Crisis In Veterans: Early Warning Signs, Precursors And Protective Factors, Priyanka Annapureddy Oct 2022

Predicting Mental Health Crisis In Veterans: Early Warning Signs, Precursors And Protective Factors, Priyanka Annapureddy

Dissertations (1934 -)

Mental Health (MH) conditions have recently increased to a large extent due to socio-demographic changes. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common mental health disorders prevalent in US. PTSD is even more troubling at double the rate in combat veterans leaving their service compared to general population. Severity of PTSD is associated with risk taking behaviors such as substance abuse, non-suicidal self-injury, and sexual risk behaviors. Psychological disorders are often preceded by early warning signs and recognizing the early warning signs of PTSD will help in preventing the returning or worsening of PTSD symptoms. Ecological momentary assessment …

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The Role Of Self-Tutorial In Introductory Physics Student Performance On Test Of Understanding Of Vectors, Katherine Finegan Jul 2022

The Role Of Self-Tutorial In Introductory Physics Student Performance On Test Of Understanding Of Vectors, Katherine Finegan

Master's Theses (2009 -)

A single-interaction self-guided lesson was designed to teach basic vector concepts to introductory physics students. The self-guided lesson was tested for efficacy by comparing pre-test and post-test subscores on a Test of Understanding of Vectors (TUV) and comparing subscore differences to students in the same physics courses who had not taken the self-guided lesson. Analysis showed no significant differences in subscore differences between students taking the self-guided lesson and those in comparable control groups, indicating that more robust interventions are needed and/or further work must be done on the self-guided lesson to improve student vector understanding.

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Properties And Behavior Of Tricarbonyl Manganese Scorpionate Complexes, Billy Shone Jul 2022

Properties And Behavior Of Tricarbonyl Manganese Scorpionate Complexes, Billy Shone

Master's Theses (2009 -)

Manganese tricarbonyl complexes have widely been studied for their ability to release carbon monoxide (CO) in the presence of light for potential applications in cancer therapy and in catalysis. Most studies focus on the kinetics and quantity of CO release and the overall impact on cell death. Far fewer studies identify the manganese intermediates and final products after decarbonylation. Identification of such products would be critical to improving reactivity and understanding potential (undesirable) side effects in future applications employing these CO releasing molecules (CORMs). Recently, nitrogen confused C-scorpionate ligands were introduced by the Gardinier group where a pyrazolyl ring is …

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A Smartphone-Based Non-Invasive Measurement System For Blood Constituents From Photoplethysmography (Ppg) And Fingertip Videos Illuminated With The Near-Infrared Leds, Md Hasanul Aziz Jul 2022

A Smartphone-Based Non-Invasive Measurement System For Blood Constituents From Photoplethysmography (Ppg) And Fingertip Videos Illuminated With The Near-Infrared Leds, Md Hasanul Aziz

Dissertations (1934 -)

At least two billion people are affected by hemoglobin (Hgb), diabetic-related, and other blood-related diseases. Regular clinical assessments of these problems are conducted by analyzing venipuncture-obtained blood samples in laboratories. A non-invasive, cheap, point-of-care, and accurate test is needed everywhere. We started with Hgb measurement, and after an extensive literature survey, we came up with a non-invasive solution with 10-second Smartphone videos of the index fingertips using custom hardware sets to illuminate the fingers. We tested four lighting conditions with wavelengths in the near-infrared spectrum suggested by the absorption properties of two primary components of blood- oxygenated Hgb and plasma. …

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Temporal Sentiment Mapping System For Time-Synchronized Data, Jiachen Ma Jul 2022

Temporal Sentiment Mapping System For Time-Synchronized Data, Jiachen Ma

Dissertations (1934 -)

Temporal sentiment labels are used in various multimedia studies. They are useful for numerous classification and detection tasks such as video tagging, segmentation, and labeling. However, generating a large-scale sentiment dataset through manual labeling is usually expensive and challenging. Some recent studies explored the possibility of using online Time-Sync Comments (TSCs) as the primary source of their sentiment maps. Although the approach has positive results, existing TSCs datasets are limited in scale and content categories. Guidelines for generating such data within a constrained budget are yet to be developed and discussed. This dissertation tries to address the above issues by …

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Adaptive Pedagogy Framework For Risk Management, Incident Response And Disaster Recovery Education, Hsiao-An Wang Jul 2022

Adaptive Pedagogy Framework For Risk Management, Incident Response And Disaster Recovery Education, Hsiao-An Wang

Dissertations (1934 -)

The field of Cybersecurity, both in cybersecurity education and cybersecurity workforce demands, has been growing steadily as the dangers of cyber-threats continue to rise. The gap between the supply and demand of the cybersecurity workforce has been widening throughout the past decade. In response to the increased demand, many government agencies have actively engaged in collaborative efforts with higher education institutions to produce more capable graduates to address the need. However, with the various educational utilities available to instructors, few utilities offer content related to risk management, incident response, and disaster recovery practices. Furthermore, many students lack the awareness to …

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Synthesis And Characterization Of Enantioenriched Deuterated And Fluorinated Small Molecules, Mitchell D. Mills Apr 2022

Synthesis And Characterization Of Enantioenriched Deuterated And Fluorinated Small Molecules, Mitchell D. Mills

Master's Theses (2009 -)

The development of novel deuterated and fluorinated bioisosteres has significantly impacted the pharmaceutical and agricultural industry and created a growing demand for new synthetic methodology. Both deuterated and fluorinated small molecules exist at the forefront of drug discovery due to their unique ability to attenuate the pharmacokinetic properties of new and currently existing drugs. Selective, high-throughput methods for deuteration and fluorination are scarce in the literature, especially methods that introduce D or F atoms asymmetrically. Benzylic CH bonds are oftentimes key sites for enzymatic manipulation in metabolic processes, alteration of CH bonds to CD or CF bonds at the benzylic …

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Causal Inference In Healthcare: Approaches To Causal Modeling And Reasoning Through Graphical Causal Models, Riddhiman Adib Apr 2022

Causal Inference In Healthcare: Approaches To Causal Modeling And Reasoning Through Graphical Causal Models, Riddhiman Adib

Dissertations (1934 -)

In the era of big data, researchers have access to large healthcare datasets collected over a long period. These datasets hold valuable information, frequently investigated using traditional Machine Learning algorithms or Neural Networks. These algorithms perform great in finding patterns out of datasets (as a predictive machine); however, the models lack extensive interpretability to be used in the healthcare sector (as an explainable machine). Without exploring underlying causal relationships, the algorithms fail to explain their reasoning. Causal Inference, a relatively newer branch of Artificial Intelligence, deals with interpretability and portrays causal relationships in data through graphical models. It explores the …

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Acceleration Of Computational Geometry Algorithms For High Performance Computing Based Geo-Spatial Big Data Analysis, Anmol Paudel Apr 2022

Acceleration Of Computational Geometry Algorithms For High Performance Computing Based Geo-Spatial Big Data Analysis, Anmol Paudel

Dissertations (1934 -)

Geo-Spatial computing and data analysis is the branch of computer science that deals with real world location-based data. Computational geometry algorithms are algorithms that process geometry/shapes and is one of the pillars of geo-spatial computing. Real world map and location-based data can be huge in size and the data structures used to process them extremely big leading to huge computational costs. Furthermore, Geo-Spatial datasets are growing on all V’s (Volume, Variety, Value, etc.) and are becoming larger and more complex to process in-turn demanding more computational resources. High Performance Computing is a way to breakdown the problem in ways that …

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All Pairs Routing Path Enumeration Using Latin Multiplication And Julia, Haochen Sun Apr 2022

All Pairs Routing Path Enumeration Using Latin Multiplication And Julia, Haochen Sun

Dissertations (1934 -)

Enumerating all routing paths among Autonomous Systems (ASes) at an Internet-scale is an intractable problem. The Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is the standard exterior gateway protocol through which ASes exchange reachability information. Building an efficient path enumeration tool for a given network is an essential step toward estimating the resiliency of the network to cyber security attacks, such as routing origin and path hijacking. In our work, we use the matrix Latin multiplication method to compute all possible paths among all pairs of nodes. We parallelize this computation through the domain decomposition for matrix multiplication and implement our solution in …

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Intrinsic Photodynamic Study On Photocatalytic Materials, Wenhui Hu Apr 2022

Intrinsic Photodynamic Study On Photocatalytic Materials, Wenhui Hu

Dissertations (1934 -)

To relieve the global energy crisis and environmental pollution caused by the combustion of traditional fossil fuels, developing an environmental-friendly renewable energy to replace fossil fuel is urgent. Among the possible energy sources, solar energy has attracted numerous attentions because of the abundant storage. However, it is challenging to efficiently utilize and store solar energy. One attractive strategy to address this challenge is to convert solar energy to fuel through artificial photosynthesis (e.g. photocatalytic water splitting to generate H2). A technologically significant solar-driven water splitting system requires an efficient photocatalytic system that can not only effectively harvest light but also …

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