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Articles 31 - 54 of 54
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Homozygous Mutation In Samhd1 Gene Causes Cerebral Vasculopathy And Early Onset Stroke, Baozhong Xin, Stephen Jones, Erik G. Puffenberger, Claas Hinze, Alicia Bright, Haiyan Tan, Aimin Zhou, Guiyun Wu, Jilda Vargus Adams, Dimitris Agamanolis, Heng Wang
Homozygous Mutation In Samhd1 Gene Causes Cerebral Vasculopathy And Early Onset Stroke, Baozhong Xin, Stephen Jones, Erik G. Puffenberger, Claas Hinze, Alicia Bright, Haiyan Tan, Aimin Zhou, Guiyun Wu, Jilda Vargus Adams, Dimitris Agamanolis, Heng Wang
Chemistry Faculty Publications
We describe an autosomal recessive condition characterized with cerebral vasculopathy and early onset of stroke in 14 individuals in Old Order Amish. The phenotype of the condition was highly heterogeneous, ranging from severe developmental disability to normal schooling. Cerebral vasculopathy was a major hallmark of the condition with a common theme of multifocal stenoses and aneurysms in large arteries, accompanied by chronic ischemic changes, moyamoya morphology, and evidence of prior acute infarction and hemorrhage. Early signs of the disease included mild intrauterine growth restriction, infantile hypotonia, and irritability, followed by failure to thrive and short stature. Acrocyanosis, Raynaud’s phenomenon, chilblain …
Quantifying The Energetic Contributions Of Desolvation And Π-Electron Density During Translesion Dna Synthesis, Edward A. Motea, Irene Lee, Anthony J. Berdis
Quantifying The Energetic Contributions Of Desolvation And Π-Electron Density During Translesion Dna Synthesis, Edward A. Motea, Irene Lee, Anthony J. Berdis
Chemistry Faculty Publications
This report examines the molecular mechanism by which high-fidelity DNA polymerases select nucleotides during the replication of an abasic site, a non-instructional DNA lesion. This was accomplished by synthesizing several unique 5-substituted indolyl 2′-deoxyribose triphosphates and defining their kinetic parameters for incorporation opposite an abasic site to interrogate the contributions of π-electron density and solvation energies. In general, the Kd, app values for hydrophobic non-natural nucleotides are ∼10-fold lower than those measured for isosteric hydrophilic analogs. In addition, kpol values for nucleotides that contain less π-electron densities are slower than isosteric analogs possessing higher degrees of π-electron density. The differences …
Growth Factor Signaling Enhances Aromatase Activity Of Breast Cancer Cells Via Post-Transcriptional Mechanisms, Bin Su, Cynthie Wong, Yanyan Hong, Shiuan Chen
Growth Factor Signaling Enhances Aromatase Activity Of Breast Cancer Cells Via Post-Transcriptional Mechanisms, Bin Su, Cynthie Wong, Yanyan Hong, Shiuan Chen
Chemistry Faculty Publications
It has been demonstrated that growth factors produced by breast cancer cells stimulate aromatase expression in both breast cancer and adjacent adipose fibroblasts and stromal cells. However, whether these growth factors affect aromatase activity by other mechanisms still remain unclear. In the current study, MCF-7aro and T47Daro aromatase transfected breast carcinoma cells were used to explore the mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation of aromatase activity by growth factor pathways. Our study reveals that PI3K/Akt and MAPK inhibitors suppressed aromatase activity in MCF-7aro cells. However, PI3K/Akt pathway inhibitors stimulated aromatase activity in T47Daro cells. This is due to enhanced MAPK phosphorylation as …
Gis Will Affect The Political Landscape For The Next Decade And Beyond, Mark Salling
Gis Will Affect The Political Landscape For The Next Decade And Beyond, Mark Salling
All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications
No abstract provided.
Semen Quality And Chemical Oxidative Stress; Quantification And Remediation, Saleem Ali Bani-Hani
Semen Quality And Chemical Oxidative Stress; Quantification And Remediation, Saleem Ali Bani-Hani
ETD Archive
The necessary multi-step process to prepare human semen for assisted reproduction (AR) such as in vitro fertilization (IVF) is known to induce oxidative stress in human spermatozoa and subsequent damage to the integrity of their cell components and, thus, to their function. Literature reports have viewed this as a potential link with the high frequency of birth defects among the IVF babies. In this work, we studied the effect of incubation and centrifugation on human sperm quality using established AR protocols. We found that in vitro incubation and centrifugation (20 min at 220g) of sperm generally degrade sperm quality in …
Development Of Bioanalytical Methods For Clinical Applications And Drug Screening, Xiaohan Cai
Development Of Bioanalytical Methods For Clinical Applications And Drug Screening, Xiaohan Cai
ETD Archive
In the past decade, bioanalytical method development has become an integral part of clinical diagnosis, biomarker discovery, and drug discovery and development. The new and emerged bioanalytical technologies allow the quantitative and qualitative analysis of small molecules and biomolecules with high sensitivity and specificity. Specifically, the bioanalytical methods based on LC-MS and methylation-specific PCR are well suited for detecting low-abundance metabolites, proteins, and DNA in biofluids and tissues for biomarker investigation. They offer great clinical promises for early diseases diagnosis and therapeutic interventions. Besides, the LC-MS/MS quantitative method is essential for the estimation of pharmacokinetic and toxicological properties in drug …
Development Of Quantitative Lc-Ms/Ms Methods For The Pharmacological Studies Of Anti-Cancer Drugs, Lan Li
Development Of Quantitative Lc-Ms/Ms Methods For The Pharmacological Studies Of Anti-Cancer Drugs, Lan Li
ETD Archive
In the development of anti-cancer drugs, it is essential to study the pharmacological profiles of the drugs. Among the analytical tools utilized in the pharmacological studies, LC-MS/MS has gained increased popularity due to its unequivocal sensitivity and specificity, as well as the ability of handling a wide variety of compounds with relatively simple sample preparation procedures. In this work, a brief review on the method rational, instrumentations, analytical method validation, and work flow of the method development was included. The processes of LC-MS/MS method development for the pharmacological studies of three anti-cancer drugs (i.e., methoxyamine, fludarabine, and 6-benzylthioinosine) were illustrated. …
Capillary Gradient Chromatofocusing-Mass Spectrometry;A Sensitive Approach For Protein Analysis, James Anthony Hribar
Capillary Gradient Chromatofocusing-Mass Spectrometry;A Sensitive Approach For Protein Analysis, James Anthony Hribar
ETD Archive
Gradient chromatofocusing-mass spectrometry is a new technique for protein analysis recently introduced by our research group. Capable of separating and identifying proteins according to pI values and molecular weight, gradient chromatofocusing-mass spectrometry has been achieved by integrating a new ion-exchange chromatography technique called gradient chromatofocusing with a newly discovered buffer system that promotes mass spectrometry detection. Differing from traditional ion-exchange chromatography techniques, gradient chromatofocusing employs specific low molecular weight, volatile buffer components that are introduced onto an ion-exchange HPLC column by programming a binary gradient pumping system to deliver the correct proportions of acidic mobile phase to overcome buffering of …
Quantitative And Qualitative Mass Spectrometric Analysis Of Anticancer Agents, Drugs Of Abuse And Enzyme-Inhibitor Complexes, Keri M. Smith
Quantitative And Qualitative Mass Spectrometric Analysis Of Anticancer Agents, Drugs Of Abuse And Enzyme-Inhibitor Complexes, Keri M. Smith
ETD Archive
Mass spectrometry is a valuable tool in the analysis of many types of compounds. From small molecules to large proteins, mass spectrometry can help to interrogate samples and give insights to the origins of disease as well as calculate an exact concentration. Bioanalytical method development is an integral component in the measurement of such compounds. To facilitate proper analytical investigation, the process of method development, analysis, and interpretation must be understood. This work describes the basis and procedure for bioanalytical method development and its detailed application to preclinical studies of the antineoplastic agent hexamethylene bisacetamide and measurement ofillicit drugs of …
Insect Signature Indicating Corpse Movement From Urban To Rural Areas Of Northeast Ohio, Krystal R. Hans
Insect Signature Indicating Corpse Movement From Urban To Rural Areas Of Northeast Ohio, Krystal R. Hans
ETD Archive
The distribution of insects geographically may provide evidence that indicates the movement of human remains from one location to another. The aims of this study were: (1) to observe insect succession in an urban and rural area in northeastern Ohio to document differences in the entomofaunal succession, and (2) to determine if there is an insect signature associated with a body moved from an urban to a rural area. It was hypothesized that there would be a difference in species composition between the urban and rural sites and the body moved would retain insect evidence indicating initial exposure to an …
An Assessment Of Viable Habitat For Blanding's Turtle (Emydodidea Blandingii) In The State Of Ohio Using Gis And Remote Sensing, Bradley M. Poynter
An Assessment Of Viable Habitat For Blanding's Turtle (Emydodidea Blandingii) In The State Of Ohio Using Gis And Remote Sensing, Bradley M. Poynter
ETD Archive
The Blanding's Turtle (Emydoidea blandingii) has received threatened status in the State of Ohio in 2010. The goal of this study is to provide information that can be used in conservation management to locate suitable habitat for conservation of the species as well as potential repatriation or trans location sites. Wetland Inventory and Land Use/Land Cover maps were combined with aerial photography to evaluate regions located in Ohio's Lake Erie Drainage Basin that would meet the essential requirements of the turtles life history by quantitative methods used in Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and Remote Sensing programs. This study identified suitable …
Thermal Analysis As An Important Research Tool For Colleges And Universities, Jeffrey Allen Fruscella
Thermal Analysis As An Important Research Tool For Colleges And Universities, Jeffrey Allen Fruscella
ETD Archive
Three experiments were performed to demonstrate that thermal analysis is an important tool for use in colleges and universities for conducting scientific research. The first experiment used thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry and thermal mechanical analysis to compare polymer resins from two ResinKits®, one from 1994 and the other from 2010. Analysis was done to determine if resins from the 1994 kit were viable standards. The experiments showed significant thermal differences between select resins and it was concluded that resins form the 1994 ResinKit® are no longer acceptable as standards.The second experiment used thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry to determine the …
Factors Affecting Heme Transfer From "Gapdh": A Possible Heme Carrier Protein, Rajesh Vempati
Factors Affecting Heme Transfer From "Gapdh": A Possible Heme Carrier Protein, Rajesh Vempati
ETD Archive
The aim of my research is to understand the mechanism of heme transfer by carrier proteins into heme proteins. The mechanism of heme insertion into proteins is poorly understood. Previous experiments reported from our lab identified GAPDH as a possible heme carrier protein involved in heme transfer (Ritu Chakravarti et al PNAS). This work focuses on 2 aspects of heme transfer. a.) Rate of transfer of heme from GAPDH to apomyoglobin. We examined the rate of transfer of native proto-heme and the analogue meso-heme. The results showed that the rate of heme transfer was twice as fast for meso-heme compared …
Novel Thermal Analytical Techniques To Characterize Drugs And Drug Delivery, Lakshmi Swetha Kaza
Novel Thermal Analytical Techniques To Characterize Drugs And Drug Delivery, Lakshmi Swetha Kaza
ETD Archive
This thesis encompasses three significant projects. The study includes the characterization and evaluation of the properties of a commercial contraceptive transdermal patch, Ortho Evra® by Dielectric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). This study helps in monitoring the mobility of the drug and transport properties by Isothermal and Scanning Dielectric Analysis as a function of temperature and frequency. The drugs in this product are norelgestromin and ethinyl estradiol. DSC was used to detect any crystalline character of the drugs by their fusion properties. Having no melting endotherm and detecting a glass transition temperature suggested that the drugs in the patches …
Introduction To Pharmaceutical Thermal Analysis: A Teaching Tool, Shravan Singh Thakur
Introduction To Pharmaceutical Thermal Analysis: A Teaching Tool, Shravan Singh Thakur
ETD Archive
Significant Thermal Analysis-physical chemical data needs to be acquired by the new analyst whether an entry level chemist or a new function for the experienced pharmaceutical scientist. This teaching tool describes the introductory use of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Thermomechanical Analysis (TMA) for characterizing pharmaceuticals. Optimum Experimental conditions for DSC, TGA and TMA will focus on collecting the best results and interpretations. Does the sample contain volatiles? Evaporation creates endothermic peaks, 2 water or solvent can lower the glass transition temperature (Tg) by up to 100°C and affect the crystallization temperature on cooling. The decomposition temperature …
A Dynamic System Model Of Biogeography-Based Optimization, Daniel J. Simon
A Dynamic System Model Of Biogeography-Based Optimization, Daniel J. Simon
Electrical and Computer Engineering Faculty Publications
We derive a dynamic system model for biogeography-based optimization (BBO) that is asymptotically exact as the population size approaches infinity. The states of the dynamic system are equal to the proportion of each individual in the population; therefore, the dimension of the dynamic system is equal to the search space cardinality of the optimization problem. The dynamic system model allows us to derive the proportion of each individual in the population for a given optimization problem using theory rather than simulation. The results of the dynamic system model are more precise than simulation, especially for individuals that are very unlikely …
Discrete-Time Recurrent Neural Network And Its Application To Compression Of Infra-Red Spectrum, Leong-Kwan Li, Sally S. L. Shao
Discrete-Time Recurrent Neural Network And Its Application To Compression Of Infra-Red Spectrum, Leong-Kwan Li, Sally S. L. Shao
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications
We study the discrete-time recurrent neural network that derived from the Leaky-integrator model and its application to compression of infra-red spec- trum. Our results show that the discrete-time Leaky-integrator recurrent neural network (RNN) model can be used to approximate the continuous-time model and inherit its dynamical characters if a proper step size is chosen. Moreover, the discrete-time Leaky-integrator RNN model is absolutely stable. By developing the double discrete integral method and employing the state space search algorithm for the discrete-time recurrent neural network model, we demonstrate with quality spectra regenerated from the compressed data how to compress the infra-red spectrum …
Plasma Myeloperoxidase Predicts Incident Cardiovascular Risks In Stable Patients Undergoing Medical Management For Coronary Artery Disease, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Stephen J. Nicholls, Stanley L. Hazen
Plasma Myeloperoxidase Predicts Incident Cardiovascular Risks In Stable Patients Undergoing Medical Management For Coronary Artery Disease, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Stephen J. Nicholls, Stanley L. Hazen
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications
BACKGROUND: Myeloperoxidase (MPO) concentrations predict adverse clinical outcomes in the setting of acute coronary syndromes and heart failure, but the prognostic role of MPO in stable patients with known atherosclerotic burden is unclear. METHODS: We examined plasma MPO concentrations and their relationship with prevalent significant coronary artery disease (defined as >50% stenosis in any coronary vessel) and incident major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), including death, myocardial infarction, and stroke, in a 3-year prospective follow-up study of 1895 patients undergoing elective coronary angiography. RESULTS: The median plasma MPO concentration was 101 pmol/L (interquartile range 68–187 pmol/L). Patients with plasma MPO concentrations …
Ohio's Use Of Geographic Information Systems To Demonstrate Public Participation In The Redistricting Process, Mark Salling
Ohio's Use Of Geographic Information Systems To Demonstrate Public Participation In The Redistricting Process, Mark Salling
All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications
No abstract provided.
Public Participation Geographic Information Systems For Redistricting A Case Study In Ohio, Mark Salling
Public Participation Geographic Information Systems For Redistricting A Case Study In Ohio, Mark Salling
All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications
Public Participation Geographic Information Systems for Redistricting A Case Study in Ohio, Journal of the Urban and Regional Information Systems Association, Vol. 23, Number 1, forthcoming.
Consolidated Dispatch Center Feasibility Study: Ohio Case Studies, Daila Shimek, Scott Winograd, Kimberly Renee Vining
Consolidated Dispatch Center Feasibility Study: Ohio Case Studies, Daila Shimek, Scott Winograd, Kimberly Renee Vining
All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications
This report describes the outcome of case study research of consolidated dispatch centers in the state of Ohio. Each case study includes descriptions of the governing and operating structure, consolidation process, funding and fee structure, and the successes, challenges, and lessons learned by each entity. The results suggest that while the experiences among consolidated dispatch centers varied, the elements that should contribute to a successful transition are building strong relationships, involving a center director and other stakeholders (including affected employees) in the planning process, having a willingness to compromise, providing training for dispatchers developing of standard operating procedures, and establishing …
Consolidated Public Safety Dispatch Centers: Us Case Studies, Daila Shimek, Scott Winograd, Kimberly Renee Vining
Consolidated Public Safety Dispatch Centers: Us Case Studies, Daila Shimek, Scott Winograd, Kimberly Renee Vining
All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications
This report includes case studies of consolidated dispatch centers in the United States. Each case study includes descriptions of the governing and operating structure, consolidation process, funding and fee structure, and the successes, challenges and lessons learned by each entity. The results suggest that, although the experiences among consolidated dispatch centers varied, the elements that should contribute to a successful transition are strong leadership, communication with affected employees, ability to compromise, consistency in treatment of employees, development of standard operating procedures, stakeholder inclusion, and beginning consolidation with a clear plan that treats all participants as equal partners.
Feasibility Study Of Consolidating Public Safety Dispatch For The City Of Wooster, City Of Ashland, And Wayne County, Ohio, Daila Shimek, Eugene Kramer, Patrick Johnson, Scott Winograd, Kimberly Renee Vining, Thomas Cozzens, Kevin E. O'Brien
Feasibility Study Of Consolidating Public Safety Dispatch For The City Of Wooster, City Of Ashland, And Wayne County, Ohio, Daila Shimek, Eugene Kramer, Patrick Johnson, Scott Winograd, Kimberly Renee Vining, Thomas Cozzens, Kevin E. O'Brien
All Maxine Goodman Levin School of Urban Affairs Publications
No abstract provided.
Diminished Antioxidant Activity Of High-Density Lipoprotein–Associated Proteins In Systolic Heart Failure, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Shirley Mann, Michael Pepoy, Kevin Shrestha, Allen G. Borowski, Stanley L. Hazen
Diminished Antioxidant Activity Of High-Density Lipoprotein–Associated Proteins In Systolic Heart Failure, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Shirley Mann, Michael Pepoy, Kevin Shrestha, Allen G. Borowski, Stanley L. Hazen
Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications
Background— Diminished serum arylesterase activity, catalyzed by the high-density lipoprotein–associated paraoxonase-1, is associated with heightened systemic oxidative stress and atherosclerosis risk. In the present study, we sought to determine the prognostic role of serum arylesterase activity in subjects with systolic heart failure, particularly in relation to established cardiac biomarkers. Methods and Results— We measured serum arylesterase activity in 760 subjects with impaired left ventricular systolic function (left ventricular ejection fraction <50%), and prospectively followed major adverse cardiac events (including death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and stroke) for 3 years. In our study cohort (mean age, 64±11 years; 74% men; median left ventricular ejection fraction, 35%; median creatinine clearance, 96 mg/dL), mean serum arylesterase activity (98±25 μmol/L/min/mL) was lower compared with that in healthy control subjects (mean, 115±26 μmol/L/min/mL, P<0.01) but higher compared with advanced decompensated heart failure subjects (mean, 69±22 μmol/L/min/mL, P<0.01). Within our cohort, there was modest correlation between serum arylesterase activity and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (r=0.33, P<0.01) as well as B-type natriuretic peptide (r=−0.23, P<0.01). Lower serum arylesterase activity was a strong predictor of poorer outcomes (hazard ratio, 2.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.54, 5.62; P<0.001). After adjusting for traditional risk factors, medication use, B-type natriuretic peptide, and creatinine clearance, lower serum arylesterase still conferred an increased risk of major adverse cardiac events at 3 years (hazard ratio, 2.69; 95% confidence interval, 1.37 to 5.28; P=0.004). Conclusions— In patients with systolic heart failure, decreased serum arylesterase activity, a measure of diminished antioxidant properties of high-density lipoprotein, predicts higher risk of incident long-term adverse cardiac event independent of established clinical and biochemical risk factors.