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William & Mary

2019

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Articles 61 - 90 of 98

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Pattern And Scale: Evaluating Generalities In Crab Distributions And Marsh Dynamics From Small Plots To A National Scale, K Wasson, K Raposa, Et Al, David S. Johnson, Scott Lerberg, Et Al Jan 2019

Pattern And Scale: Evaluating Generalities In Crab Distributions And Marsh Dynamics From Small Plots To A National Scale, K Wasson, K Raposa, Et Al, David S. Johnson, Scott Lerberg, Et Al

VIMS Articles

The generality of ecological patterns depends inextricably on the scale at which they are examined. We investigated patterns of crab distribution and the relationship between crabs and vegetation in salt marshes at multiple scales. By using consistent monitoring protocols across 15 U.S. National Estuarine Research Reserves, we were able to synthesize patterns from the scale of quadrats to the entire marsh landscape to regional and national scales. Some generalities emerged across marshes from our overall models, and these are useful for informing broad coastal management policy. We found that crab burrow distribution within a marsh could be predicted by marsh …

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High-Frequency Co2-System Variability Over The Winter-To-Spring Transition In A Large Coastal Plain Estuary, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Raymond G. Najjar, Olivia A. De Meo, Jaclyn R. Friedman, Fei Da, W. G. Reay Jan 2019

High-Frequency Co2-System Variability Over The Winter-To-Spring Transition In A Large Coastal Plain Estuary, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Raymond G. Najjar, Olivia A. De Meo, Jaclyn R. Friedman, Fei Da, W. G. Reay

VIMS Articles

Understanding the vulnerability of estuarine ecosystems to anthropogenic impacts requires a quantitative assessment of the dynamic drivers of change to the carbonate (CO2) system. Here we present new high‐frequency pH data from a moored sensor. These data are combined with discrete observations to create continuous time series of total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2), CO2 partial pressure (pCO2), and carbonate saturation state. We present two deployments over the winter‐to‐spring transition in the lower York River (where it meets the Chesapeake Bay mainstem) in 2016/2017 and 2017/2018. TCO2 budgets with daily resolution are constructed, …

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Projections Of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition To The Chesapeake Bay Watershed, Patrick C. Campbell, Jesse O. Bash, Christopher G. Nolte, Tanya L. Spero, Ellen J. Cooter, Kyle Hinson, Lewis C. Linker Jan 2019

Projections Of Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition To The Chesapeake Bay Watershed, Patrick C. Campbell, Jesse O. Bash, Christopher G. Nolte, Tanya L. Spero, Ellen J. Cooter, Kyle Hinson, Lewis C. Linker

VIMS Articles

Atmospheric deposition is among the largest pathways of nitrogen loading to the Chesapeake Bay Watershed (CBW). The interplay between future climate and emission changes in and around the CBW will likely shift the future nutrient deposition abundance and chemical regime (e.g., oxidized vs. reduced nitrogen). In this work, a Representative Concentration Pathway from the Community Earth System Model is dynamically downscaled using a recently updated Weather Research and Forecasting model that subsequently drives the Community Multiscale Air Quality model coupled to the agroeconomic Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model. The relative impacts of emission and climate changes on atmospheric nutrient deposition …

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The Future Of Coastal And Estuarine Modeling: Findings From A Workshop, Oliver B. Fringer, Clint N. Dawson, Ruoying He, David K. Ralston, Yinglong J. Zhang Jan 2019

The Future Of Coastal And Estuarine Modeling: Findings From A Workshop, Oliver B. Fringer, Clint N. Dawson, Ruoying He, David K. Ralston, Yinglong J. Zhang

VIMS Articles

This paper summarizes the findings of a workshop convened in the United States in 2018 to discuss methods in coastal and estuarine modeling and to propose key areas of research and development needed to improve their accuracy and reliability. The focus of this paper is on physical processes, and we provide an overview of the current state-of-the-art based on presentations and discussions at the meeting, which revolved around the four primary themes of parameterizations, numerical methods, in-situ and remote-sensing measurements,and high-performance computing. A primary outcome of the workshop was agreement on the need to reduce subjectivity and improve reproducibility in …

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High-Frequency Co2-System Observations From A Moored Sensor In The York River, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Olivia A. De Meo Jan 2019

High-Frequency Co2-System Observations From A Moored Sensor In The York River, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Olivia A. De Meo

Data

These are CO2-system data from a moored sensor in the York River, a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay. Temperature, salinity and pH were acquired hourly over two deployments lasting several months. Sensor data were then averaged to 24-hour resolution. Data were calibrated with discrete dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) and alkalinity samples analyzed at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science, following standard procedures. The pH sensor data were then combined with salinity data, and a relationship between alkalinity and salinity, to compute the remaining CO2-system parameters (TCO2, CO2 partial pressure (pCO2 …

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Discrete Co2-System Measurements In The Chesapeake Bay Mainstem Between 2016 And 2018, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Olivia A. De Meo, Jaclyn R. Friedman Jan 2019

Discrete Co2-System Measurements In The Chesapeake Bay Mainstem Between 2016 And 2018, Elizabeth H. Shadwick, Olivia A. De Meo, Jaclyn R. Friedman

Data

These are discrete observations of total dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and alkalinity (TA), and associated computed CO2-system parameters, from samples collected throughout the Chesapeake Bay mainstem between 2016 and 2018. Samples were collected on board the R/V Kerhin in Maryland and the R/V Fay Slover in Virginia at a subset of fixed stations in collaboration with the Chesapeake Bay Water Quality Monitoring Program. Samples were analyzed following standard procedures at the Virginia Institute of Marine Science. The DIC and TA data were then used to compute the remaining CO2-system parameters (pH, CO2 partial pressure (pCO …

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Investigating The Molecular Choreography Of Atmospherically Relevant Molecules: A Dynamics Study, Kenneth Jacob Blackshaw Jan 2019

Investigating The Molecular Choreography Of Atmospherically Relevant Molecules: A Dynamics Study, Kenneth Jacob Blackshaw

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Investigating and understanding the chemistry of the atmosphere has historically been an important research topic. This importance has only strengthened in the recent decades as technological advancements have drastically increased anthropogenic emissions of hydrocarbons and nitroaromatic compounds. Indeed, we are in an era of unprecedented change of the chemical composition of the troposphere and never before has an in-depth understanding of atmospheric chemical properties been more sought-after. This study seeks to fill that need by probing the molecular dynamics of atmospherically relevant molecules through the use of velocity map imaging (VMI). In particular, we utilize VMI to study the photolysis …

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Seasonal Variability Of The Co2-System Throughout The Chesapeake Bay Mainstem, Jaclyn Rain Friedman Jan 2019

Seasonal Variability Of The Co2-System Throughout The Chesapeake Bay Mainstem, Jaclyn Rain Friedman

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Declining water quality, in addition to hypoxia and eutrophication, may have a significant impact on the seasonality of biogeochemical parameters throughout the mainstem of the Chesapeake Bay. The carbonate (CO2) system in the Chesapeake Bay experiences seasonal and spatial complexities and is influenced by both natural and anthropogenic variability. Although site-specific studies investigating CO2-system variability exist within the Chesapeake Bay, few studies have investigated the seasonality of the CO2-system throughout the entire mainstem. Additionally, recent comprehensive studies investigating over 50 estuaries along the East Coast of the United States suggest that estuarine systems are heterotrophic and act as sources of …

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Summer Carbonate Chemistry In The Dalton Polynya, East Antarctica, Mc Arroyo, Eh Shadwick, B Tilbrook Jan 2019

Summer Carbonate Chemistry In The Dalton Polynya, East Antarctica, Mc Arroyo, Eh Shadwick, B Tilbrook

VIMS Articles

The carbonate chemistry in the Dalton Polynya in East Antarctica (115°–123°E) was investigated in summer 2014/2015 using high‐frequency underway measurements of CO2 fugacity (fCO2) and discrete water column measurements of total dissolved inorganic carbon (TCO2) and total alkalinity. Air‐sea CO2 fluxes indicate this region was a weak net source of CO2 to the atmosphere (0.7 ± 0.9 mmol C m−2 day−1) during the period of observation, with the largest degree of surface water supersaturation (ΔfCO2 = +45 μatm) in ice‐covered waters near the Totten Ice Shelf (TIS) as compared to the ice‐free surface waters in the Dalton Polynya. The seasonal …

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Alkalinity In Tidal Tributaries Of The Chesapeake Bay, R. G. Najjar, M. Herrmann, S. M. Cintrón Del Valle, Jaclyn R. Friedman, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Et Al Jan 2019

Alkalinity In Tidal Tributaries Of The Chesapeake Bay, R. G. Najjar, M. Herrmann, S. M. Cintrón Del Valle, Jaclyn R. Friedman, Marjorie A.M. Friedrichs, Et Al

VIMS Articles

Despite the important role of alkalinity in estuarine carbon cycling, the seasonal and decadal variability of alkalinity, particularly within multiple tidal tributaries of the same estuary, is poorly understood. Here we analyze more than 25,000 alkalinity measurements, mostly from the 1980s and 1990s,in the major tidal tributaries of the Chesapeake Bay, a large, coastal‐plain estuary of eastern North America.The long‐term means of alkalinity in tidal‐fresh waters vary by a factor of 6 among seven tidal tributaries,reflecting the alkalinity of nontidal rivers draining to these estuaries. At 25 stations, mostly in the Potomac River Estuary, wefind significant long‐term increasing trends that …

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Ocean Change Within Shoreline Communities: From Biomechanics To Behaviour And Beyond, Brian Gaylord, Kristina M. Barclay, Brittany M. Jellison, Laura L. Jurgens, Aaron T. Ninokawa, Emily B. Rivest, Lindsey R. Leighton Jan 2019

Ocean Change Within Shoreline Communities: From Biomechanics To Behaviour And Beyond, Brian Gaylord, Kristina M. Barclay, Brittany M. Jellison, Laura L. Jurgens, Aaron T. Ninokawa, Emily B. Rivest, Lindsey R. Leighton

VIMS Articles

Humans are changing the physical properties of Earth. In marine systems, elevated carbon dioxide concentrations are driving notable shifts in temperature and seawater chemistry. Here, we consider consequences of such perturbations for organism biomechanics and linkages amongst species within communities.In particular,we examine case examples of altered morphologies and material properties, disrupted consumer–prey behaviours, and the potential for modulated positive (i.e. facilitative) interactions amongst taxa, as incurred through increasing ocean acidity and rising temperatures. We focus on intertidal rocky shores of temperate seas as model systems, acknowledging the longstanding role of these communities in deciphering ecological principles. Our survey illustrates the …

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Expedition Sediments: Mud's Journey Through The Watershed. Subjects: Earth Science / Environmental Science Grades: 9-12, Jessie Turner Jan 2019

Expedition Sediments: Mud's Journey Through The Watershed. Subjects: Earth Science / Environmental Science Grades: 9-12, Jessie Turner

Reports

Expedition Sediments is a game-in-a-lesson that allows students to explore the movement of sediments through watersheds by moving around the classroom. This lesson explores how grains of estuarine mud and sand move throughout estuaries and coastal regions, with a focus on processes surrounding a highly populated estuary such as the Chesapeake Bay. By the end of the lesson, students will be able to explain how sediments are transported through an estuary, graph sediment residence times in different locations, and compare the timescales of different sediment transport processes.

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Partitioning Of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants And Microbial Communities On Microplastics, Kelley Ann Uhlig Jan 2019

Partitioning Of Hydrophobic Organic Contaminants And Microbial Communities On Microplastics, Kelley Ann Uhlig

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Microplastic contamination of aquatic environments has only recently caught the attention of scientists, regulators and the public. Microplastics are typically more recalcitrant than naturally occurring polymers and so have the potential to cause a range of issues, including increased exposure of marine life to chemical contaminants sorbed to or leached from microplastics, negative impacts due to ingestion of microplastics by biota, and the potential to carry and transport pathogenic and invasive species long distances. Bio-based, bio-degradable polymers have begun to gain market share as an alternative to traditional petrochemical-based plastics, but not much is known about their impacts in marine …

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Gpgpu Reliability Analysis: From Applications To Large Scale Systems, Bin Nie Jan 2019

Gpgpu Reliability Analysis: From Applications To Large Scale Systems, Bin Nie

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Over the past decade, GPUs have become an integral part of mainstream high-performance computing (HPC) facilities. Since applications running on HPC systems are usually long-running, any error or failure could result in significant loss in scientific productivity and system resources. Even worse, since HPC systems face severe resilience challenges as progressing towards exascale computing, it is imperative to develop a better understanding of the reliability of GPUs. This dissertation fills this gap by providing an understanding of the effects of soft errors on the entire system and on specific applications. To understand system-level reliability, a large-scale study on GPU soft …

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Learning Code Transformations Via Neural Machine Translation, Michele Tufano Jan 2019

Learning Code Transformations Via Neural Machine Translation, Michele Tufano

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Source code evolves – inevitably – to remain useful, secure, correct, readable, and efficient. Developers perform software evolution and maintenance activities by transforming existing source code via corrective, adaptive, perfective, and preventive changes. These code changes are usually managed and stored by a variety of tools and infrastructures such as version control, issue trackers, and code review systems. Software Evolution and Maintenance researchers have been mining these code archives in order to distill useful insights on the nature of such developers’ activities. One of the long-lasting goal of Software Engineering research is to better support and automate different types of …

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Topics In Proton Structure: Bsm Answers To Its Radius Puzzle And Lattice Subtleties Within Its Momentum Distribution, Michael Chaim Freid Jan 2019

Topics In Proton Structure: Bsm Answers To Its Radius Puzzle And Lattice Subtleties Within Its Momentum Distribution, Michael Chaim Freid

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

This thesis covers two subjects, briefly outlined below, of hadronic physics. The proton radius puzzle and the muon anomalous magnetic moment discrepancy point to possible signs of lepton-universality violation. We introduce the context and background necessary to understand these two problems. And we analyze two suitable beyond-the-standard-model solutions, one vector-based and one scalar-based, which simultaneously solves both issues. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the parameter space of the respective solutions can be chosen so as to not be completely forbidden by considered experimental constraints. Specifically, we show that certain violations, analyzed by other authors in the context of similar solutions to …

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Evolution Of The Genome-Wide Distribution Of Genes And Transposons, Ronald Dutilh Smith Jan 2019

Evolution Of The Genome-Wide Distribution Of Genes And Transposons, Ronald Dutilh Smith

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Genomes exhibit a striking amount of complexity across a broad range of scales. This includes variation in the spatial distribution of features such as genes and transposable elements (TEs), which is observed both between species and among individuals in natural and artificial populations. Additionally, all eukaryotes studied to date have had gene duplications occur in their evolutionary history. In this dissertation, we develop a statistical method for analyzing relative changes in the expression of duplicated genes. We show that this method performs better than could otherwise be achieved using traditional methods of differential gene expression analysis. We apply this method …

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Improving Wifi Sensing And Networking With Channel State Information, Yongsen Ma Jan 2019

Improving Wifi Sensing And Networking With Channel State Information, Yongsen Ma

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

In recent years, WiFi has a very rapid growth due to its high throughput, high efficiency, and low costs. Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) and Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM) are two key technologies for providing high throughput and efficiency for WiFi systems. MIMO-OFDM provides Channel State Information (CSI) which represents the amplitude attenuation and phase shift of each transmit-receiver antenna pair of each carrier frequency. CSI helps WiFi achieve high throughput to meet the growing demands of wireless data traffic. CSI captures how wireless signals travel through the surrounding environment, so it can also be used for wireless sensing purposes. This dissertation …

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A Model Archive For Simulations In A Partially-Mixed Idealized Estuary Using The Coawst System: Model Code And Output, Danielle R.N. Tarpley, Courtney K. Harris, Carl Friedrichs Jan 2019

A Model Archive For Simulations In A Partially-Mixed Idealized Estuary Using The Coawst System: Model Code And Output, Danielle R.N. Tarpley, Courtney K. Harris, Carl Friedrichs

Data

This dataset includes model input, code and output used in the publication Tarpley et al. (2019, Journal of Marine Science and Engineering), which used a coupled hydrodynamic-sediment transport model to investigate the roles of flocculation, bed consolidation and sediment-induced stratification on changes in fine-grained sediment distribution in an idealized estuarine model. The modeling system used in the development was the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) framework.

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Human Dimensions Of A Participatory, Collaborative Modeling Process - Oysterfutures, Taylor Dawn Goelz Jan 2019

Human Dimensions Of A Participatory, Collaborative Modeling Process - Oysterfutures, Taylor Dawn Goelz

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Participatory, collaborative modeling processes represent a unique decision-making technique within natural resources management that allows for the combination of stakeholder involvement with the analytical and predictive power of scientific models. The continued use of participatory modeling within decision-making processes depends in part upon the willingness of stakeholders to participate. Continued participation of stakeholders is key to the persistence and overall success of these processes, and yet limited information exists concerning the impacts of these processes on participants. The consideration of human dimensions advances our understanding of the design and function of participatory modeling processes, including their ability to create consensus …

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Scattering A Bose-Einstein Condensate Off A Modulated Barrier, Andrew James Pyle Jan 2019

Scattering A Bose-Einstein Condensate Off A Modulated Barrier, Andrew James Pyle

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

A quantum pump is a device that transports particles through a circuit with localized time-varying potentials, and without the need for an external applied voltage or chemical potential. Quantum pumping was originally proposed in the context of electron transport in nanowires, but has proven difficult to implement. The ultracold atom approach represents a possible route around the current experimental bottleneck. We present an experiment to study 1D quantum mechanical scattering by an amplitude-modulated barrier. This experiment represents a first step toward implementing a quantum pump for ultracold atoms based on two such barriers modulated out of phase with one another. …

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Complex Mixtures: Identifying And Characterizing Secondary Organic Aerosols, Emma Quinn Walhout Jan 2019

Complex Mixtures: Identifying And Characterizing Secondary Organic Aerosols, Emma Quinn Walhout

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Complex organic mixtures in the environment can contain hundreds to thousands of different organic molecules, and their composition and reactivity can have important environmental implications. In addition to gases, the atmosphere is made of a variety of small liquids and solids called aerosols. These aerosols have large impacts on human health, climate, and atmospheric chemical reactions. Here, secondary organic aerosol (SOA) from the ozonolysis of α-pinene is characterized. The atmospheric lifetime of SOA is very uncertain, but recent laboratory and modeling studies have demonstrated that photolysis is potentially an important process for organic mass loss from aerosol particles.1-5 Photolysis modifies …

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Extraction And Parametrization Of Isobaric Trinucleon Elastic Cross Sections And Form Factors, Scott Kevin Barcus Jan 2019

Extraction And Parametrization Of Isobaric Trinucleon Elastic Cross Sections And Form Factors, Scott Kevin Barcus

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

By mining data from Jefferson Lab Hall A experiment E08-014 a new measurement of the 3He elastic cross section at Q^2 ≈ 34 fm^−2 was extracted from a large quasielastic background. This new data point falls approximately halfway between the first and second diffractive minima of the 3He form factors. When combined with recent high Q^2 3He elastic cross section measurements from JLab this new point improves our knowledge of the cross section and form factors at large momentum transfers. The new high Q^2 data motivate a reanalysis of the 3He elastic cross section world data and promise an improved …

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Beyond The Standard Model: Flavor Symmetry, Nonperturbative Unification, Quantum Gravity, And Dark Matter, Shikha Chaurasia Jan 2019

Beyond The Standard Model: Flavor Symmetry, Nonperturbative Unification, Quantum Gravity, And Dark Matter, Shikha Chaurasia

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Despite the vast success of the Standard Model of particle physics, it is no secret that is also has its shortcomings, thus providing incentive to look beyond the Standard Model for solutions. In this thesis we focus in particular on a model of horizontal flavor symmetry, unification via a universal Landau pole, emergent gravity, and dark matter. First we explain the observed hierarchies in the elementary fermion mass spectrum via a model based on the double tetrahedral group, the smallest discrete subgroup of SU(2), while relaxing previous assumptions of supersymmetry. A sequential symmetry breaking process results in a hierarchy in …

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Computational Graphics And Statistical Analysis: Mixed Type Random Variables, Confidence Regions, And Golden Quantile Rank Sets, Christopher Weld Jan 2019

Computational Graphics And Statistical Analysis: Mixed Type Random Variables, Confidence Regions, And Golden Quantile Rank Sets, Christopher Weld

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

This dissertation has three principle areas of research: mixed type random variables, confidence regions, and golden quantile rank sets. While each offers a specific focus, some common themes persist; broadly stated, there are three. First, computational graphics play a critical role. Second, software development facilitates implementation and accessibility. Third, statistical analysis---often attributable to the aforementioned automation---provides valuable insights and applications. Each of the principle research areas are briefly summarized next. Mixed type random variables are a hybrid of continuous and discrete random variables, having components of both continuous probability density and discrete probability mass. This dissertation illustrates the challenges inherent …

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Persistence And Extinction Dynamics In Reaction-Diffusion-Advection Stream Population Model With Allee Effect Growth, Yan Wang Jan 2019

Persistence And Extinction Dynamics In Reaction-Diffusion-Advection Stream Population Model With Allee Effect Growth, Yan Wang

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The question how aquatic populations persist in rivers when individuals are constantly lost due to downstream drift has been termed the ``drift paradox." Reaction-diffusion-advection models have been used to describe the spatial-temporal dynamics of stream population and they provide some qualitative explanations to the paradox. Here random undirected movement of individuals in the environment is described by passive diffusion, and an advective term is used to describe the directed movement in a river caused by the flow. In this work, the effect of spatially varying Allee effect growth rate on the dynamics of reaction-diffusion-advection models for the stream population is …

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Electronic Properties Of Two-Dimensional Van Der Waals Systems, Yohanes Satrio Gani Jan 2019

Electronic Properties Of Two-Dimensional Van Der Waals Systems, Yohanes Satrio Gani

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

In this dissertation we study the electronic structure of van der Waals systems. A van der Waals systems is a heterostructure in which the different constituents are held together by van der Waals forces. We study two different types of van der Waals systems: van der Waals systems formed by graphene and a monolayer of NbSe2, van der Waals systems obtained by placing graphene nanoribbons on a two-dimensional crystal. For the first type of systems we build a continuous low-energy effective model that takes into account the presence of a twist angle between graphene and NbSe2, and of spin-orbit coupling …

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Controlling Infectious Disease: Prevention And Intervention Through Multiscale Models, Adrienna N. Bingham Jan 2019

Controlling Infectious Disease: Prevention And Intervention Through Multiscale Models, Adrienna N. Bingham

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Controlling infectious disease spread and preventing disease onset are ongoing challenges, especially in the presence of newly emerging diseases. While vaccines have successfully eradicated smallpox and reduced occurrence of many diseases, there still exists challenges such as fear of vaccination, the cost and difficulty of transporting vaccines, and the ability of attenuated viruses to evolve, leading to instances such as vaccine derived poliovirus. Antibiotic resistance due to mistreatment of antibiotics and quickly evolving bacteria contributes to the difficulty of eradicating diseases such as tuberculosis. Additionally, bacteria and fungi are able to produce an extracellular matrix in biofilms that protects them …

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Optimization Approaches For Open-Locating Dominating Sets, Daniel Blair Sweigart Jan 2019

Optimization Approaches For Open-Locating Dominating Sets, Daniel Blair Sweigart

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

An Open Locating-Dominating Set (OLD set) is a subset of vertices in a graph such that every vertex in the graph has a neighbor in the OLD set and every vertex has a unique set of neighbors in the OLD set. This can also represent where sensors, capable of detecting an event occurrence at an adjacent vertex, could be placed such that one could always identify the location of an event by the specific vertices that indicated an event occurred in their neighborhood. By the open neighborhood construct, which differentiates OLD sets from identifying codes, a vertex is not able …

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Investigation Of Pattern Formation In Marine Environments Through Mathematical Modeling And Analysis Of Remotely Sensed Data, Sofya Zaytseva Jan 2019

Investigation Of Pattern Formation In Marine Environments Through Mathematical Modeling And Analysis Of Remotely Sensed Data, Sofya Zaytseva

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Pattern formation in ecological systems refers to a nonuniform distribution of animal and plant species across a landscape. Pattern formation can be observed in many aquatic and terrestrial systems and can provide important insights into their dynamics and ability to cope with environmental changes. In this dissertation, we focus on pattern formation in tidal marshes and oyster reefs, two important habitats that provide a number of essential ecosystem services. Both of these systems have also experienced dramatic losses, prompting much research to investigate their dynamics as and viable restoration and management strategies. The first part of this dissertation focuses on …

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