Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Designing A Framework For Exchanging Partial Sets Of Bim Information On A Cloud-Based Service, Alan Redmond

Doctoral

The rationale behind this research study was based on the recognised difficulty of exchanging data at element or object level due to the inefficiencies of compatible hardware and software. Interoperability depicts the need to pass data between applications, allowing multiple types of experts and applications to contribute to the work at hand. The only way that software file exchanges between two applications can produce consistent data and change management results for large projects is through a building model repository. The overall aim of this thesis was to design and develop an integrated process that would advance key decisions at an …

Novel Microwave Assisted Synthesis Of Zns Nanomaterials, Suresh Pillai, Michael Seery, Damian Synnott, John Colreavy, Stephen Hinder

Articles

A novel ambient pressure microwave-assisted technique is developed in which silver and indium modified ZnS is synthesised. The as prepared ZnS is characterised by X-ray diffraction, UV-Vis spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and luminescence spectroscopy. This procedure produced crystalline materials with particle sizes below 10 nm. The synthesis technique leads to defects in the crystal which induce mid energy levels in the band gap and lead to indoor light photocatalytic activity. Increasing the amount of silver causes a phase transition from cubic blende to hexagonal phase ZnS. In a comparative study, when the ZnS cubic blende is heated in a conventional …

Utilising Caging Techniques To Investigate Metal Assimilation In Nucella Lapillus, Mytilus Edulis And Crassostrea Gigas At Three Irish Coastal Locations, Michelle Giltrap, Ailbhe Macken, Maria Davoren, Evin Mcgovern, Barry Foley, Martin Larsen, Jonathan White, Brendan Mchugh

Articles

Pollution by metals has been of increasing concern for a number of decades but at present, the mechanism of metal accumulation in sentinel species is not fully understood and further studies are required for environmental risk assessment of metals in aquatic environments. The use of caging techniques has proven to be useful for assessment of water quality in coastal and estuarine environments. This study investigates the application of caging techniques for monitoring uptake of 20 elements in three marine species namely Nucella lapillus, Mytilus edulis and Crassostrea gigas. Stable isotopes were used to determine predatory effects and also used for …

One Step Quick Detection Of Cancer Cell Surface Marker By Integrated Nife-Based Magnetic Biosensing Cell Cultural Chip, Chenchen Bao, Lei Chen, Tao Wang, Daxiang Cui, Chong Lei, Yong Zhou, Furong Tian

Articles

RGD peptides has been used to detect cell surface integrin and direct clinical effective therapeutic drug selection. Herein we report that a quick one step detection of cell surface marker that was realized by a specially designed NiFe-based magnetic biosensing cell chip combined with functionalized magnetic nanoparti- cles. Magnetic nanoparticles with 20-30 nm in diameter were prepared by coprecipitation and modified with RGD-4C, and the resultant RGD-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles were used for targeting cancer cells cul- tured on the NiFe-based magnetic biosensing chip and distinguish the amount of cell surface receptor-integrin. Cell lines such as Calu3, Hela, A549, CaFbr, HEK293 …

A Matlab Primer In Four Hours With Practical Examples, Jerome Casey

Instructional Guides

No abstract provided.

Argumentation Theory In Health Care, Luca Longo, Bridget Kane, Lucy Hederman

Books/Book Chapters

Argumentation theory (AT) has been gaining momentum in the health care arena thanks to its intuitive and modular way of aggregating clinical evidence and taking rational decisions. The basic principles of argumentation theory are described and demonstrated in the breast cancer recurrence problem. It is shown how to represent available clinical evidence in arguments, how to define defeat relations among them and how to create a formal argumentation framework. Argumentation semantics are then applied over the built framework to compute arguments justification status. It is demonstrated how this process can enhance the clinician decision-making process. A encouraging predictive capacity is …

On Multicomponent Derivative Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation Related To Symmetric Spaces, Tihomir Valchev

Conference papers

We study derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equations related to symmetric spaces of the type A.III. We discuss the spectral properties of the corresponding Lax operator and develop the direct scattering problem connected to it. By applying an appropriately chosen dressing factor we derive soliton solutions to the nonlinear equation. We find the integrals of motion by using the method of diagonalization of Lax pair.

Remarks On Quadratic Bundles Related To Hermitian Symmetric Spaces, Tihomir Valchev

Conference papers

We consider quadratic bundles related to Hermitian symmetric spaces of the type SU(m+n)/S(U(m)\times U(n)). We discuss the spectral properties of scattering operator, develop the direct scattering problem associated with it and stress on the effect of reduction on these. By applying a modification of Zakharov-Shabat's dressing procedure we demonstrate how one can obtain reflectionless potentials. That way one is able to generate soliton solutions to the nonlinear evolution equations belonging to the integrable hierarchy associated with quadratic bundles under study.

Raman Spectroscopy In Nanomedicine: Current Status And Future Perspectives, Hugh Byrne, Mark Keating

Articles

Raman spectroscopy is a branch of vibration spectroscopy which is capable of probing the chemical composition of materials. Recent advances in Raman microscopy have added significantly to the range of applications which now extend from medical diagnostics to exploring interfaces between biological organisms and nanomaterials. In this review, Raman is introduced in a general context, highlighting some of the areas in which the technique has found success in the past, as well as some of the potential benefits it offers over other analytical modalities. The subset of Raman techniques which specifically probe the nanoscale, namely Surface Enhanced and Tip Enhanced …

Mathematical Self-Efficacy: Addressing The Declining Interest In Engineering Careers, Eileen Goold

Conference Papers

This paper presents the findings of a study investigating whether there is a relationship between students’ experiences with school mathematics and their choice of engineering as a career. The study was inspired by the observation that there is a lacuna in the scholarly literature concerning the nature of mathematics’ role, if any, as a significant cause of the declining number of students entering professional engineering courses. The population of interest in this study comprises professional engineers practising in Ireland. Engineers’ experiences of school mathematics, factors that contributed to their engagement with school mathematics and the impact of their feelings about …

A Highly Efficient Tio2-Xcx Nano-Heterojunction Photocatalyst For Visible-Light Induced Antibacterial Applications, Vinodkumar Etacheri, Michael Seery, Stephen Hinder, Georg Michlits, Suresh Pillai

Articles

Visible-light-induced antibacterial activity of carbon-doped anatase-brookite titania nano-heterojunction photocatalysts are reported for the first time. These heterostructures were prepared using a novel low temperature (100 °C) non-hydrothermal low power microwave (300 W) assisted method. Formation of interband C 2p states was found to be responsible for the band gap narrowing of the carbon doped heterojunctions. The most active photocatalyst obtained after 60 minutes of microwave irradiation exhibits a 2-fold higher visible-light induced photocatalytic activity in contrast to the standard commercial photocatalyst Evonik-Degussa P-25. Staphylococcus aureus inactivation rate constant for carbon-doped nano-heterojunctions and the standard photocatalyst was 0.0023 and -0.0081 min …

Uv And Visible Light Activated Tio2 Photocatalysis Of 6-Hydroxymethyluracil, A Model Compound For The Potent Cyanotoxin Cylindrospermopsin, Cen Zhao, Miquel Pelaez, Dionysios Dionysiou, Suresh Pillai, John Byrne, Kevin O'Shea

Articles

TiO₂ photocatalyses of 6-hydroxymethyl uracil (6-HOMU) a model compound for the potent cyanotoxin, cylindrospermopsin (CYN), were carried out employing visible and UV irradiation using different non-metal doped TiO₂ materials, nitrogen and fluorine-TiO₂ (NF-TiO₂), phosphorus and fluorine-TiO₂ (PF-TiO₂) and sulfur-TiO₂ (S-TiO₂). The model compound was readily degraded under UV TiO₂ photocatalysis with pseudo-first-order rate constants (k) of 2.1, 1.0, and 0.44 h⁻¹ for NF-TiO₂, PF-TiO₂ and S-TiO₂, respectively. Under visible light activated (VLA), NF-TiO₂ was the most active photocatalyst, PF-TiO …

Synthesis Of Orthogonally Protected Azalanthionines (Lanazanines) By Sequential Ring-Opening Of N-Substituted Aziridine 2-Carboxylates, Keith O'Brien, Keith Ó Proinsias, Fintan Kelleher

Articles

Orthogonally protected azalanthionines (lanazanines, 4-azadiaminopimelic acids or b-aminoalaninoalanines) have been synthesised in good yields by the ring-opening of N-protected aziridine 2-carboxylates with suitably protected diaminopropanoic acids (DAPs). The required DAPs were also synthesised by ring-opening of N-protected aziridine 2-carboxylates with para-methoxybenzylamine.

Integrable Systems As Fluid Models With Physical Applications, Tony Lyons

Doctoral

In this thesis we begin with the development and analysis of hydrodynamical models as they arise in the theory of water waves and in the modelling of blood flow within arteries. Initially we derive three models of hydrodynamical relevance, namely the KdV equation, the two component Camassa-Holm equation and the Kaup-Boussinesq equation. We develop a model of blood flowing within an artery with elastic walls, and from the principles of Newtonian mechanics we derive the two-component Burger's equation as our first integrable model. We investigate the analytic properties of the system briefly, with the aim of demonstrating the phenomenon of …

The Turning, Stretching And Boxing Technique: A Direction Worth Looking Towards, Mark Dunne

Doctoral

3D avatar user interfaces (UI) are now used for many applications, a growing area for their use is serving location sensitive information to users as they need it while visiting or touring a building. Users communicate directly with an avatar rendered to a display in order to ask a question, get directions or partake in a guided tour and as a result of this kind of interaction with avatar UI, they have become a familiar part of modern human-computer interaction (HCI). However, if the viewer is not in the sweet spot (defined by Raskar et al. (1999) as a stationary …

G-Strands And Peakon Collisions On Diff(R), Darryl Holm, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

A G-strand is a map g : R x R --> G for a Lie group G that follows from Hamilton's principle for a certain class of G-invariant Lagrangians. Some G-strands on finite-dimensional groups satisfy 1+1 space-time evolutionary equations that admit soliton solutions as completely integrable Hamiltonian systems. For example, the SO(3)-strand equations may be regarded physically as integrable dynamics for solitons on a continuous spin chain. Previous work has shown that G-strands for diffeomorphisms on the real line possess solutions with singular support (e.g. peakons). This paper studies collisions of such singular solutions of G-strands when G = Diff( …

On The Persistence Properties Of The Cross-Coupled Camassa-Holm System, David Henry, Darryl Holm, Rossen Ivanov

Articles

In this paper we examine the evolution of solutions, that initially have compact support, of a recently-derived system of cross-coupled Camassa-Holm equations. The analytical methods which we employ provide a full picture for the persistence of compact support for the momenta. For solutions of the system itself, the answer is more convoluted, and we determine when the compactness of the support is lost, replaced instead by an exponential decay rate.

A Comparison Of Three Commercially Available Contrast-Detail Phantoms And Evaluation Of The Contrast-Detail Performance Under A Range Of Instrument Settings, Jacinta Browne, Des Hickey, Ashling Mcnabb

Articles

No abstract provided.

Using Semi-Supervised Classifiers For Credit Scoring, Kenneth Kennedy, Brian Mac Namee, Sarah Jane Delany

Articles

In credit scoring, low-default portfolios are those for which very little default history exists. This makes it problematic for financial institutions to estimate a reliable probability of a customer defaulting on a loan. Banking regulation (Basel II Capital Accord), and best practice, however, necessitate an accurate and valid estimate of the probability of default. In this article the suitability of semi-supervised one-class classification algorithms as a solution to the lowdefault portfolio problem are evaluated. The performance of one-class classification algorithms is compared with the performance of supervised two-class classification algorithms. This study also investigates the suitability of oversampling, which is …

Drift Detection Using Uncertainty Distribution Divergence, Patrick Lindstrom, Brian Mac Namee, Sarah Jane Delany

Articles

Data generated from naturally occurring processes tends to be non-stationary. For example, seasonal and gradual changes in climate data and sudden changes in financial data. In machine learning the degradation in classifier performance due to such changes in the data is known as concept drift and there are many approaches to detecting and handling it.

Most approaches to detecting concept drift, however, make the assumption that true classes for test examples will be available at no cost shortly after classification and base the detection of concept drift on measures relying on these labels. The high labelling cost in many domains …

Octree-Based Indexing For 3d Point Clouds Within An Oracle Spatial Dbms, Bianca Schoen-Phelan, Abu Saleh Mohammad Mosa, Debra Laefer, Michela Bertolotto

Articles

A large proportion of today’s digital data has a spatial component. The storage and effective 10 management of such data poses particular challenges. Nowhere is this truer than with Light De-11 tection and Ranging (LiDAR), where datasets of even small geographic areas may contain sever-12 al hundred millions points. Currently available spatial information systems do not provide suita-13 ble support for 3D data. As a consequence, while a specific system can be used to store the data, 14 another has to be used to process it. Typically several software applications are used to analyze 15 and process LiDAR data, requiring …

A Viewpoint Of Tanzania E-Commerce And Implementation Barriers, George S. Oreku, Fredrick Mtenzi, Al-Dahoud Ali

Articles

The growing rate of ICT utilization particularly the Internet and mobile phones has influenced at an exponential rate online interaction and communication among the generality of the populace. However, with the enormity of businesses on the Internet, Tanzania is yet to harness the opportunities for optimal financial gains. This study is exploratory in nature as it attempts to unveil the prospects of ecommerce implementation, participation, motivation and opportunity to the developing countries like Tanzania where by the domestic market is very big to ensure the growth of agricultural sector. The paper proposes to investigate the ability of consumers to purchase …

Improving Performance By Re-Rating In The Dynamic Estimation Of Rater Reliability, Alexey Tarasov, Sarah Jane Delany, Brian Macnamee

Conference papers

Nowadays crowdsourcing is widely used in supervised machine learning to facilitate the collection of ratings for unlabelled training sets. In order to get good quality results it is worth rejecting results from noisy/unreliable raters, as soon as they are discovered. Many techniques for filtering unreliable raters rely on the presentation of training instances to the raters identified as most accurate to date. Early in the process, the true rater reliabilities are not known and unreliable raters may be used as a result. This paper explores improving the quality of ratings for train- ing instances by performing re-rating. The re-rating relies …

Accuracy And Timeliness In Ml Based Activity Recognition, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher

Conference papers

While recent Machine Learning (ML) based techniques for activity recognition show great promise, there remain a number of questions with respect to the relative merits of these techniques. To provide a better understanding of the relative strengths of contemporary Activity Recognition methods, in this paper we present a comparative analysis of Hidden Markov Model, Bayesian, and Support Vector Machine based human activity recognition models. The study builds on both pre-existing and newly annotated data which includes interleaved activities. Results demonstrate that while Support Vector Machine based techniques perform well for all data sets considered, simple representations of sensor histories regularly …

A Comparative Study Of The Effect Of Sensor Noise On Activity Recognition Models, Robert J. Ross, John D. Kelleher

Conference papers

To provide a better understanding of the relative strengths of Machine Learning based Activity Recognition methods, in this paper we present a comparative analysis of the robustness of three popular methods with respect to sensor noise. Specifically we evaluate the robustness of Naive Bayes classifier, Support Vector Machine, and Random Forest based activity recognition models in three cases which span sensor errors from dead to poorly calibrated sensors. Test data is partially synthesized from a recently annotated activity recognition corpus which includes both interleaved activities and a range of both temporally long and short activities. Results demonstrate that the relative …

Visualising Museum Stories, Eoin Kilfeather

Publications

Storytelling is fundamental to our ability to understand, and find meaning in, the world around us. Stories allow us to organise and share knowledge, and to identify the relationships between objects, events, and experiences. Within museums stories allow visitors to engage with collections and to gain meaningful understanding of museum objects. Stories transform a collection of objects into a meaningful knowledge structure that connects the objects and give them meaning.

This paper describes the Open Source Storyscope system that has been developed by the EU FP7 DECIPHER project. Storyscope's workspace and tools allow museum professionals and visitors to research, develop, …

The Bench Synthesis Of Silver Nanostructures Of Variable Size And An Introductory Analysis Of Their Optical Properties, Aoife Power, Tony Betts, John Cassidy

Articles

A laboratory practical was designed for use by both undergraduate and second level students to demonstrate the synthesis and characterisation of tuneable silver colloids. It clearly illustrates the novel optical properties of silver nanoparticles compared to the bulk metal. The synthesis is both rapid and repeatable, and can be conducted on the laboratory bench at room temperature.

Sol-Gel Characteristics For Corrosion Resistance Of Anodised Aluminium, Michael Whelan, John Cassidy, Brendan Duffy

Articles

Conventional anodising electrolytes based on sulphuric acid, oxalic acid and phosphoric acid have been used to form nanoporous layers on AA3003-H14 and sealed with silane based sol-gel sealers. It is shown that the sol-gel chemistries have varying levels of pore penetration depending on the synthesis conditions. The extent of sol-gel penetration and pore sealing is analysed by electron microscopy and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy. To describe the sealing phenomena observed a sol-gel penetration and sealing rating has been proposed to explain the interactions of the sol-gels with the pores of the anodised layers. The corrosion resistance of the sol-gel sealed …

Synthesis And Modification Of Octafluoro[2.2]Paracyclophane (Parylene Af4), Craig Hicks, Brendan Duffy, Gráinne Hargaden

Articles

Parylenes are a class of organic compounds which have gained significant attention due to their application as coatings in areas such as medical devices and electronics. This review highlights the development of synthetic pathways to Octafluoro[2.2]Paracyclophane, commonly referred to as parylene AF4. Methods which have been used to functionalise AF4 are also presented.

Particle Trajectories In Extreme Stokes Waves Over Inifinte Depth, Tony Lyons

Articles

We investigate the velocity field of fluid particles in an extreme water wave over infinite depth. It is shown that the trajectories of the particles within the fluid and along the free surface do not form closed paths over the course of one period, but rather undergo a positive drift in the direction of wave propagation. In addition it is shown that the wave crest cannot form a stagnation point despite the velocity of the fluid being zero there.