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Articles 1021 - 1050 of 1052
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Global Artificial Photosynthesis: A Scientific And Legal Introduction., Thomas A. Faunce
Global Artificial Photosynthesis: A Scientific And Legal Introduction., Thomas A. Faunce
Thomas A Faunce
With the global human population set to exceed 10 billion by 2050, its collective energy consumption to rise from 400 to over 500 EJ/yr and with the natural environment under increasing pressure from these sources as well as from anthropogenic climate change, political solutions such as the creation of an efficient carbon price and trading scheme may arrive too late. In this context, the scientific community is exploring technological remedies. Central to these options is artificial photosynthesis – the creation, particularly through nanotechnology, of devices capable to doing what plants have done for millions of years – transforming sunlight, water …
Will International Trade Law Promote Or Inhibit Global Artificial Photosynthesis, Thomas A. Faunce
Will International Trade Law Promote Or Inhibit Global Artificial Photosynthesis, Thomas A. Faunce
Thomas A Faunce
Artificial photosynthesis (AP) is an area of well-advanced research involving large international groups at the cutting edge of synthetic biology and nanotechnology. In simple terms it offers to produce a cheap source of hydrogen for fuel through using sunlight to split water, as well as making basic starches by a process involving absorption of carbon dioxide via the enzyme RuBisCO. As the proliferating numbers of university-based research teams working in this area begin to combine, there will be a natural escalation of the expected time for a global roll-out of AP domestic and international devices. Policy attention will then turns …
129xe-Cs (D1,D2) Versus 129xe-Rb (D1) Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping At High Xenon Densities Using High-Power Laser Diode Arrays, Nicholas Whiting, Neil A. Eschmann, Michael J. Barlow, Boyd M. Goodson
129xe-Cs (D1,D2) Versus 129xe-Rb (D1) Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping At High Xenon Densities Using High-Power Laser Diode Arrays, Nicholas Whiting, Neil A. Eschmann, Michael J. Barlow, Boyd M. Goodson
Nicholas Whiting
Offshore Wind Energy: Public Perspectives And Policy Considerations, Erik Edward Nordman
Offshore Wind Energy: Public Perspectives And Policy Considerations, Erik Edward Nordman
Erik Edward Nordman
West Michigan Wind Assessment Issue Brief #3 This brief examines the social issues related to offshore wind energy including public acceptance, visibility, noise, and tourism. The final section reviews wind energy policy and regulatory issues in Michigan's Great Lakes.
Citizens Views On Offshore Wind: Benefits, Challenges, And Information Gaps, Erik Edward Nordman, Jon Vandermolen, Betty Gajewski, Aaron Ferguson
Citizens Views On Offshore Wind: Benefits, Challenges, And Information Gaps, Erik Edward Nordman, Jon Vandermolen, Betty Gajewski, Aaron Ferguson
Erik Edward Nordman
West Michigan Wind Assessment Issue Brief #4 The brief summarizes a public engagement program on the perceived benefits and challenges of potential offshore wind energy development in Lake Michigan. The Delphi Inquiry approach was used to find an informed group consensus on several topics. Offshore wind energy may be more acceptable if property values, tourism, and scenic vista are not significantly impacted, it reduces fossil fuel use and pollution, and if coastal communities benefit.
The Generalized Shrinkage Estimator For The Analysis Of Functional Connectivity Of Brain Signals, Mark Fiecas, Hernando Ombao
The Generalized Shrinkage Estimator For The Analysis Of Functional Connectivity Of Brain Signals, Mark Fiecas, Hernando Ombao
Mark Fiecas
We develop a new statistical method for estimating functional connectivity between neurophysiological signals represented by a multivariate time series. We use partial coherence as the measure of functional connectivity. Partial coherence identifies the frequency bands that drive the direct linear association between any pair of channels. To estimate partial coherence, one would first need an estimate of the spectral density matrix of the multivariate time series. Parametric estimators of the spectral density matrix provide good frequency resolution but could be sensitive when the parametric model is misspecified. Smoothing-based nonparametric estimators are robust to model misspecification and are consistent but may …
Community And Stakeholder Consultation For The Lake Macquarie Waterway Flood Management Plan (Report), Neil Dufty
Community And Stakeholder Consultation For The Lake Macquarie Waterway Flood Management Plan (Report), Neil Dufty
Neil Dufty
No abstract provided.
A New Acridine-Imidazolium-Based Cholestane Receptor For Anion Sensing, Jyoti Ramesh Jadhav, Md Wasi Ahmad, Hong Seok Kim
A New Acridine-Imidazolium-Based Cholestane Receptor For Anion Sensing, Jyoti Ramesh Jadhav, Md Wasi Ahmad, Hong Seok Kim
Dr. Mohammad Wasi Ahmad (Md Wasi Ahmad)
A new highly selective receptor (3) based on an acridine-imidazolium functionalized cholestane for anion sensing was designed and synthesized. A binding study of 3 with various anions was assessed by UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies in dry CH3CN. Receptor 3 showed the highest selectivity toward hydrogen pyrophosphate.
Pyrenyl-Appended Imidazolium Receptor For Selective Fluorescence Sensing Of Oxalic Acid, Md Wasi Ahmad, Sung Hong Kim, Hong Seok Kim
Pyrenyl-Appended Imidazolium Receptor For Selective Fluorescence Sensing Of Oxalic Acid, Md Wasi Ahmad, Sung Hong Kim, Hong Seok Kim
Dr. Mohammad Wasi Ahmad (Md Wasi Ahmad)
A new fluorescent imidazolium-based cholestane receptor 4 bearing a pyrene moiety was synthesized. The binding ability of 4 toward various dicarboxylic acids was examined by UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy. Receptor 4 showed the highest binding constant for oxalic acid among all the tested dicarboxylic acids. Oxalic acid formed a complex with 4 with a 1:2 ratio in ethanol.
National Estimates Of The Prevalence Of Alzheimer's Disease In The United States, Ron Brookmeyer, Denis Evans, Liesi Hebert, Langa Kenneth, Heeringa Steven, Plassman Brenda, Kukull Kenneth
National Estimates Of The Prevalence Of Alzheimer's Disease In The United States, Ron Brookmeyer, Denis Evans, Liesi Hebert, Langa Kenneth, Heeringa Steven, Plassman Brenda, Kukull Kenneth
Ron Brookmeyer
Several methods of estimating prevalence of dementia are presented in this article. For both Brookmeyer and the Chicago Health and Aging project (CHAP), the estimates of prevalence are derived statistically, forward calculating from incidence and survival figures. The choice of incidence rates on which to build the estimates may be critical. Brookmeyer used incidence rates from several published studies, whereas the CHAP investigators applied the incidence rates observed in their own cohort. The Aging, Demographics, and Memory Study (ADAMS) and the East Boston Senior Health Project (EBSHP) were sample surveys designed to ascertain the prevalence of Alzheimer’s disease and dementia. …
Statistical Considerations In Determining Hiv Incidence From Changes In Hiv Prevalence, Ron Brookmeyer, Jacob Konikoff
Statistical Considerations In Determining Hiv Incidence From Changes In Hiv Prevalence, Ron Brookmeyer, Jacob Konikoff
Ron Brookmeyer
The development of methods for estimating HIV incidence is critical for tracking the epidemic and for designing, targeting and evaluating HIV prevention efforts. One method for estimating incidence is based on changes in HIV prevalence. That method is attracting increased attention because national population-based HIV prevalence surveys, such as Demographic and Health Surveys, are being conducted throughout the world. Here, we consider some statistical issues associated with estimating HIV incidence from two population-based HIV prevalence surveys conducted at two different points in time. We show that the incidence estimator depends on the relative survival rate. We evaluate the sensitivity of …
Closing The Loop: Involving Faculty In The Assessment Of Scientific And Quantitative Reasoning Skills Of Biology Majors, C. A. Hurney, J. Brown, H. P. Griscom, E. Kancler, C. J. Wigtil, Donna L. Sundre
Closing The Loop: Involving Faculty In The Assessment Of Scientific And Quantitative Reasoning Skills Of Biology Majors, C. A. Hurney, J. Brown, H. P. Griscom, E. Kancler, C. J. Wigtil, Donna L. Sundre
Donna L. Sundre
No abstract provided.
Ticl(Oipr)3-Mediated One-Pot Reductive Amination Of 1,1'-Diacetylferrocene With Aryl Amines, Md Wasi Ahmad, Sang Yeon Lee, Tae Jeong Kim, Hong Seok Kim
Ticl(Oipr)3-Mediated One-Pot Reductive Amination Of 1,1'-Diacetylferrocene With Aryl Amines, Md Wasi Ahmad, Sang Yeon Lee, Tae Jeong Kim, Hong Seok Kim
Dr. Mohammad Wasi Ahmad (Md Wasi Ahmad)
No abstract provided.
Reverse Logic - Safety Of Spent Nuclear Fuel Disposal, Antti Lempinen, Marianne Silvan-Lempinen
Reverse Logic - Safety Of Spent Nuclear Fuel Disposal, Antti Lempinen, Marianne Silvan-Lempinen
Antti Lempinen
No abstract provided.
The Homotopy Perturbation Method For Free Vibration Analysis Of Beam On Elastic Foundation, Baki Ozturk, Safa Bozkurt Coskun
The Homotopy Perturbation Method For Free Vibration Analysis Of Beam On Elastic Foundation, Baki Ozturk, Safa Bozkurt Coskun
Safa Bozkurt Coskun
In this study, the homotopy perturbation method (HPM) is applied to free vibration analysis of beam on elastic foundation. This numerical method is applied on three different axially loaded cases, namely: 1) one end fixed, the other end simply supported; 2) both ends fixed and 3) both ends simply supported cases. Analytical solutions and frequency factors are evaluated for different ratios of axial load N acting on the beam to Euler buckling load, Nr. The application of HPM for the particular problem in this study gives results which are in excellent agreement with both analytical solutions and the variational iteration …
Dark-Current-Free Petawatt Laser-Driven Wakefield Accelerator Based On Electron Self-Injection Into An Expanding Plasma Bubble, Serguei Y. Kalmykov, Sunghwan A. Yi, Arnaud Beck, Agustin F. Lifschitz, Xavier Davoine, Erik Lefebvre, Vladimir N. Khudik, Gennady Shvets, Michael C. Downer
Dark-Current-Free Petawatt Laser-Driven Wakefield Accelerator Based On Electron Self-Injection Into An Expanding Plasma Bubble, Serguei Y. Kalmykov, Sunghwan A. Yi, Arnaud Beck, Agustin F. Lifschitz, Xavier Davoine, Erik Lefebvre, Vladimir N. Khudik, Gennady Shvets, Michael C. Downer
Serge Youri Kalmykov
A dark-current-free plasma accelerator driven by a short (~ 150 fs) self-guided petawatt laser pulse is proposed. The accelerator uses two plasma layers, one of which, short and dense, acts as a thin nonlinear lens. It is followed by a long rarefied plasma (~ 10^{17} electrons cm^{−3}) in which background electrons are trapped and accelerated by a nonlinear laser wakefield. The pulse overfocused by the plasma lens diffracts in low-density plasma as in vacuum and drives in its wake a rapidly expanding electron density bubble. The expanding bubble effectively traps initially quiescent electrons. The trapped charge given by quasi-cylindrical three-dimensional …
Hamiltonian Analysis Of Electron Self-Injection And Acceleration Into An Evolving Plasma Bubble, Sunghwan A. Yi, Vladimir N. Khudik, Serguei Y. Kalmykov, Gennady Shvets
Hamiltonian Analysis Of Electron Self-Injection And Acceleration Into An Evolving Plasma Bubble, Sunghwan A. Yi, Vladimir N. Khudik, Serguei Y. Kalmykov, Gennady Shvets
Serge Youri Kalmykov
Injection and acceleration of the background plasma electrons in laser wakefield accelerators (LWFA) operated in the blowout (‘bubble’) regime are analysed. Using a model of a slowly expanding spherical plasma bubble propagating with an ultra-relativistic speed, we derive a sufficient condition for the electron injection: the change in the electron’s Hamiltonian in the co-moving with the bubble reference frame must exceed its rest mass energy m_{e}c^2. We demonstrate the existence of the minimal expansion rate of the bubble needed for electron injection. We demonstrate that if the bubble’s expansion is followed by its stabilization or contraction, then a quasi-monoenergetic electron …
Epoxi: Comet 103p/Hartley 2 Observations From A Worldwide Campaign ; Astrophysical Journal Letters, K. J. Meech, M. F. A'Hearn, J. A. Adams, P. Bacci, J. Bai, L. Barrera, M. Battelino, J. M. Bauer, E. Becklin, B. Bhatt, N. Biver, D. Bockelee-Morvan, D. Bodewits, H. Bohnhardt, J. Boissier, B. P. Bonev, W. Borghini, J. R. Brucato, E. Bryssinck, M. W. Buie, H. Canovas, D. Castellano, S. B. Charnley, W. P. Chen, P. Chiang, Y. J. Choi, D. J. Christian, Y. L. Chuang, Anita L. Cochran, P. Colom, M. R. Combi, I. M. Coulson, J. Crovisier, N. Dello Russo, K. Dennerl, K. Dewahl, M. A. Disanti, M. Facchini, T. L. Farnham, Y. Fernandez, H. G. Floren, U. Frisk, T. Fujiyoshi, R. Furusho, T. Fuse, G. Galli, D. A. Garcia-Hernandez, A. Gersch, Z. Getu
Epoxi: Comet 103p/Hartley 2 Observations From A Worldwide Campaign ; Astrophysical Journal Letters, K. J. Meech, M. F. A'Hearn, J. A. Adams, P. Bacci, J. Bai, L. Barrera, M. Battelino, J. M. Bauer, E. Becklin, B. Bhatt, N. Biver, D. Bockelee-Morvan, D. Bodewits, H. Bohnhardt, J. Boissier, B. P. Bonev, W. Borghini, J. R. Brucato, E. Bryssinck, M. W. Buie, H. Canovas, D. Castellano, S. B. Charnley, W. P. Chen, P. Chiang, Y. J. Choi, D. J. Christian, Y. L. Chuang, Anita L. Cochran, P. Colom, M. R. Combi, I. M. Coulson, J. Crovisier, N. Dello Russo, K. Dennerl, K. Dewahl, M. A. Disanti, M. Facchini, T. L. Farnham, Y. Fernandez, H. G. Floren, U. Frisk, T. Fujiyoshi, R. Furusho, T. Fuse, G. Galli, D. A. Garcia-Hernandez, A. Gersch, Z. Getu
Erika Gibb
In Situ Checks Of Sonic Anemometer Temperature Calibration, David Cook, Michael Negale
In Situ Checks Of Sonic Anemometer Temperature Calibration, David Cook, Michael Negale
Michael Negale
The temperature calibration of the Gill Instruments WindMasterPro sonic anemometer used in the SGP ACRF ECOR systems is a curve, but is approximated as a linear fit for field use. The linear fit is only applied to the calculation of sensible heat flux and not to the reported temperature, and results in an underestimate of sensible heat flux during cold ambient temperatures and an overestimate during hot ambient temperatures. In situ calibrations performed using five years of ARM SGP ACRF data reveal how poorly the temperature is measured by the ECOR using the linear fit. Linear and non-linear in situ …
Early Magnetic B-Type Stars: X-Ray Emission And Wind Properties, Lidia Oskinova, Helge Todt, Richard Ignace, John Brown, Joseph Cassinelli, Wolf-Rainer Hamann
Early Magnetic B-Type Stars: X-Ray Emission And Wind Properties, Lidia Oskinova, Helge Todt, Richard Ignace, John Brown, Joseph Cassinelli, Wolf-Rainer Hamann
Richard Ignace
We present a comprehensive study of X-ray emission and wind properties of magnetic early B-type stars. We compile the complete sample of early B-type stars with detected magnetic fields to date and existing X-ray measurements, in order to study whether the X-ray emission can be used as a general proxy for stellar magnetism. For the first time we analyze the UV spectra of B stars with magnetic fields by means of non-LTE iron-blanketed stellar atmosphere model that account for the X-rays at the intensity and temperatures observed. The mass-loss rates inferred from the analysis of UV lines are significantly lower …
An Introduction To Propensity-Score Methods For Reducing Confounding In Observational Studies, Peter C. Austin
An Introduction To Propensity-Score Methods For Reducing Confounding In Observational Studies, Peter C. Austin
Peter Austin
The propensity score is the probability of treatment assignment conditional on observed baseline characteristics. The propensity score allows one to design and analyze an observational (non-randomized) study so that it mimics some of the particular characteristics of a randomized controlled trial. In particular, the propensity score is a balancing score: conditional on the propensity score, the distribution of observed baseline covariates will be similar between treated and untreated subjects. We describe four different propensity score methods: matching on the propensity score, stratification on the propensity score, inverse probability of treatment weighting using the propensity score, and covariate adjustment using the …
Novel Applications Of Nanowires In Different Aspects Of Life. A Short Review, Mohammad Mansoob Khan Dr
Novel Applications Of Nanowires In Different Aspects Of Life. A Short Review, Mohammad Mansoob Khan Dr
Dr. Mohammad Mansoob Khan
Nanowires exhibits novel electronic, thermal, electrochemical, optical and catalytic properties owing to their unique structural one-dimensionality and possible quantum confinement effects in two dimensions. With a broad selection of compositions and band structures, these one-dimensional nanostructures are considered to be the critical components in a wide range of potential nanoscale device applications. The nanowires show a strong broadband optical absorption, which makes them an interesting candidate to serve as an absorber in solar cells. The operation of a solar cell is demonstrated with n-doped nanowires grown on a p-doped silicon wafer. Single or by combing the unique properties shown by …
Anthropogenic Contamination In Sanka Stream – Determination Of The Caffeine Concentration, Agnieszka Jagoda, Witold Żukowski
Anthropogenic Contamination In Sanka Stream – Determination Of The Caffeine Concentration, Agnieszka Jagoda, Witold Żukowski
Witold Zukowski
Caffeine is a widely consumed pharmaceutical. Despite it's easily metabolized in the organism, caffeine is present in wastewaters generated by households. When untreated wastewaters are discharged into surface waters caffeine levels can increase. Therefore, its detection in waterways can be considered as an indicator of anthropogenic pollution. This paper presents the results of determination of caffeine in Sanka and its tributaries. The Sanka stream has its origin in the areas lying to the north-west of the city of Krakow, and an outlet in the western part of the city (Bielany). Sanka is a left-bank tributary of the Vistula. Sanka is …
The Scythe Statistical Library: An Open Source C++ Library For Statistical Computation, Kevin M. Quinn, Daniel Pemstein, Andrew D. Martin
The Scythe Statistical Library: An Open Source C++ Library For Statistical Computation, Kevin M. Quinn, Daniel Pemstein, Andrew D. Martin
Kevin M. Quinn
No abstract provided.
Mcmcpack: Markov Chain Monte Carlo In R, Kevin M. Quinn, Andrew D. Martin, Jong Hee Park
Mcmcpack: Markov Chain Monte Carlo In R, Kevin M. Quinn, Andrew D. Martin, Jong Hee Park
Kevin M. Quinn
No abstract provided.
Activated Carbons: Preparations And Characterizations, Mohammed Danish
Activated Carbons: Preparations And Characterizations, Mohammed Danish
Dr. Mohammed Danish
No abstract provided.
Extracting Information From Functional Connectivity Maps Via Function-On-Scalar Regression, Philip T. Reiss, Maarten Mennes, Eva Petkova, Lei Huang, Matthew J. Hoptman, Bharat B. Biswal, Stanley J. Colcombe, Xi-Nian Zuo, Michael P. Milham
Extracting Information From Functional Connectivity Maps Via Function-On-Scalar Regression, Philip T. Reiss, Maarten Mennes, Eva Petkova, Lei Huang, Matthew J. Hoptman, Bharat B. Biswal, Stanley J. Colcombe, Xi-Nian Zuo, Michael P. Milham
Philip T. Reiss
Functional connectivity of an individual human brain is often studied by acquiring a resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging scan, and mapping the correlation of each voxel's BOLD time series with that of a seed region. As large collections of such maps become available, including multisite data sets, there is an increasing need for ways to distill the information in these maps in a readily visualized form. Here we propose a two-step analytic strategy. First, we construct connectivity-distance profiles, which summarize the connectivity of each voxel in the brain as a function of distance from the seed, a functional relationship …
Predicting Flavonoid Ugt Regioselectivity, Arthur R. Jackson, Debra Knisley, Cecilia Mcintosh, Phillip Pfeiffer
Predicting Flavonoid Ugt Regioselectivity, Arthur R. Jackson, Debra Knisley, Cecilia Mcintosh, Phillip Pfeiffer
Cecilia A. McIntosh
Institutional-Scale Operational Symbiosis Of Photovoltaic And Cogeneration Energy Systems, M. Mostofi, A. H. Nosrat, Joshua M. Pearce
Institutional-Scale Operational Symbiosis Of Photovoltaic And Cogeneration Energy Systems, M. Mostofi, A. H. Nosrat, Joshua M. Pearce
Joshua M. Pearce
Ftir And Diode Laser Spectroscopy Of Isobutylene.Pdf, Trocia N. Clasp, Scott Reeve
Ftir And Diode Laser Spectroscopy Of Isobutylene.Pdf, Trocia N. Clasp, Scott Reeve
Scott Reeve
No abstract provided.