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- IGC Proceedings (1997-2023) (112)
- Department of Agronomy and Horticulture: Faculty Publications (2)
- Electronic Theses and Dissertations (2)
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- Bowdoin Scholars' Bookshelf (1)
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- Donald J. Kochan (1)
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- Master's Projects and Capstones (1)
- Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications (1)
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- The Prairie Naturalist (1)
- Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences (1)
Articles 91 - 120 of 130
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
New Approaches To Measuring The Functional Value Of Biodiversity In Plant Communities, John Connolly, Caroline Brophy, J. A. Finn, Laura Kirwan, Andreas Lüscher, T. Sebastia, A. Weigelt
New Approaches To Measuring The Functional Value Of Biodiversity In Plant Communities, John Connolly, Caroline Brophy, J. A. Finn, Laura Kirwan, Andreas Lüscher, T. Sebastia, A. Weigelt
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Grazing Disturbance A Benefit To Species Diversity In Re‐Established Native Grass Stands, Michael P. Schellenberg, Alan D. Iwaasa
Grazing Disturbance A Benefit To Species Diversity In Re‐Established Native Grass Stands, Michael P. Schellenberg, Alan D. Iwaasa
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Combining Biodiversity Enhancement Of Temperate Grassland With Sustainable Organic Production Of Traditional Breed Livestock, Mark P. O'Brien, W. Elizabeth Vice, Humphrey G. Smith
Combining Biodiversity Enhancement Of Temperate Grassland With Sustainable Organic Production Of Traditional Breed Livestock, Mark P. O'Brien, W. Elizabeth Vice, Humphrey G. Smith
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Broad Spectrum Of Plant Species Grazed And Browsed By Cattle In Bolivian Subtropical Mountain Forests, Svenja Marquardt, H. Alzérreca, S. Beck, Michael Kreuzer, Andrea C. Mayer
Broad Spectrum Of Plant Species Grazed And Browsed By Cattle In Bolivian Subtropical Mountain Forests, Svenja Marquardt, H. Alzérreca, S. Beck, Michael Kreuzer, Andrea C. Mayer
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Fencing Effects On Biodiversity Changes In Desertified Grassland In Hulunbeir, China, Shihai Lu, Jixi Gao, Changsong Feng, Xinshi Lu
Fencing Effects On Biodiversity Changes In Desertified Grassland In Hulunbeir, China, Shihai Lu, Jixi Gao, Changsong Feng, Xinshi Lu
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Evaluation Of Impacts Of Livestock Grazing Intensity On Plant Biodiversity In The Western Chang Tang National Natural Reserve, Tibet, China, Tsechoe Dorji, L. J. Fox, C. E. Richard
Evaluation Of Impacts Of Livestock Grazing Intensity On Plant Biodiversity In The Western Chang Tang National Natural Reserve, Tibet, China, Tsechoe Dorji, L. J. Fox, C. E. Richard
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Managing Natural Grasslands In A Changing World: Grazing Ecology Insights To Accomplish Re‐Oriented Management Expectations, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho, Sila C. Da Silva, Carlos Nabinger, Anibal De Moraes, Teresa C. M. Genro
Managing Natural Grasslands In A Changing World: Grazing Ecology Insights To Accomplish Re‐Oriented Management Expectations, Paulo C. De F. Carvalho, Sila C. Da Silva, Carlos Nabinger, Anibal De Moraes, Teresa C. M. Genro
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Shifting Rangeland Mineral Resource Limitations: Ecological Responses To Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition, Heather L. Throop
Shifting Rangeland Mineral Resource Limitations: Ecological Responses To Atmospheric Nitrogen Deposition, Heather L. Throop
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Testing The Neutral Theory Of Plant Communities In Subalpine Meadow, Xiaoguang Du, Shurong Zhou
Testing The Neutral Theory Of Plant Communities In Subalpine Meadow, Xiaoguang Du, Shurong Zhou
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Testing Diversity Effects Of Forage Biodiversity In The Karst Region Of Southwestern China, Min Wang, Zhiliang Tan, Aijun Yi, Kelin Wang, Jue Zhu
Testing Diversity Effects Of Forage Biodiversity In The Karst Region Of Southwestern China, Min Wang, Zhiliang Tan, Aijun Yi, Kelin Wang, Jue Zhu
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Effect Of Sowing And Oversowing On Species Abundance In Mountain Pastures Of Central Italy, Andrea Pardini, F. Natali
Effect Of Sowing And Oversowing On Species Abundance In Mountain Pastures Of Central Italy, Andrea Pardini, F. Natali
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Effects Of Various Cattle Grazing Regimes On Vernal Pool Grassland Diversity, J. T. Marty
Effects Of Various Cattle Grazing Regimes On Vernal Pool Grassland Diversity, J. T. Marty
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
When An Introduced Pasture Grass Becomes A Conservation Threat: Managing Buffel Grass In The Rangelands Of Australia, Margaret H. Friedel
When An Introduced Pasture Grass Becomes A Conservation Threat: Managing Buffel Grass In The Rangelands Of Australia, Margaret H. Friedel
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Grassland Diversity Enhances Productivity At Low And High Levels Of Nitrogen Addition, Tim Carnus, J. A. Finn, Laura Kirwan, A. Cuddihy, J. Connolly
Grassland Diversity Enhances Productivity At Low And High Levels Of Nitrogen Addition, Tim Carnus, J. A. Finn, Laura Kirwan, A. Cuddihy, J. Connolly
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Public Demands On Intensive Grassland Systems And Agri-Environmental Policies Of Oecd Members, Alain Peeters
Public Demands On Intensive Grassland Systems And Agri-Environmental Policies Of Oecd Members, Alain Peeters
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
No abstract provided.
Conservation Prioritization Of Semi-Arid Savannas In India: A Multi-Scale Landscape Approach, Abi Tamim Vanak
Conservation Prioritization Of Semi-Arid Savannas In India: A Multi-Scale Landscape Approach, Abi Tamim Vanak
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The semi-arid savanna grasslands of peninsular India are unique habitats that support a vast proportion of Indiaís agropastoralist community. They are also home to critically endangered species such as the Great Indian bustard and other endangered and endemic species such as the Indian wolf (Canis lupus pallipes) and blackbuck antelope (Antilope cervicapra). Unfortunately, savanna grasslands have not received the attention of conservationists or policy makers, resulting in a lack of protection for both the endangered and endemic wildlife as well as the habitat. Given the high human-dependence on these biomes, traditional conservation measures such as large protected areas are not …
Golla--The Semi Nomadic Pastoralists And Small Animal Bioconservationists Of Odisha, India Produce Animal Proteins From Minimum To Maximum For Many, Balaram Sahu
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Golla, the nomadic pastoralists of Odisha, is one of the ancient nomadic pastoralists of southeastern part of India. In the state of Odisha, Golla are found in districts of Ganjam, Gajapati and to some extent in Nayagrah district. In Ganjam and Gajapati, the Golla are mostly present in different villages, locally called as “Golla Gaon” means Golla village.
The Golla rears goats and sheep by practicing migration through natural grass and pasturelands. The people of Golla community are generally illiterate, hard working, enduring, brave and efficient traditional healers of small ruminants. The practice of migration, not only …
Little Effect Of Species Richness And Vegetation Composition On Herbage Production And Quality In A Permanent Temperate Grassland, Johannes Isselstein, Tatiana From, Ute Petersen, Nicole Wrage-Mönnig
Little Effect Of Species Richness And Vegetation Composition On Herbage Production And Quality In A Permanent Temperate Grassland, Johannes Isselstein, Tatiana From, Ute Petersen, Nicole Wrage-Mönnig
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Phytodiversity of grasslands has been shown to support production and other ecosystem services (e.g.Weigel et al. 2009, Tilman et al. 2012). However, in many of these studies, species richness was controlled by sowing and weeding and it was questionable to what extent the findings would also be applicable to permanent 'real world' grasslands where the species number is dependent on site and management conditions. In addition there is uncertainty about the effect of diversity on the herbage value for ruminants (Wrage et al. 2011). In a new approach to biodiversity experiments, we combined experimental and observational measures …
Spider Fauna (Araneae: Araneomorphae) In Natural Grasslands Of Uruguay With Different Livestock Management, Álvaro Laborda, Rafael A. Tosi-Germán, Sebastián Donate, Oscar Blumetto
Spider Fauna (Araneae: Araneomorphae) In Natural Grasslands Of Uruguay With Different Livestock Management, Álvaro Laborda, Rafael A. Tosi-Germán, Sebastián Donate, Oscar Blumetto
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
In Uruguay natural grasslands sustain cattle ranching and are the country’s main renewable resource. This ecosystem not only serves a productive function, but also functions in geophysical processes of soils and sustaining the nation’s biodiversity through complex trophic webs (Berretta 2009). Increased pressure from human activities that exploit natural resources makes it necessary to possess tools for detecting disturbances in ecosystems and assessing their conservation status. Identifying indicator taxa is essential for evaluating the degree of impact on natural grasslands and for applying this in the development of management plans for this habitat type (Avalos et al. 2007; Cardoso …
Bird And Mammal Fauna Assemblages In Well-Preserved Natural Grasslands Of Uruguay With Different Livestock Management, Rafael A. Tosi-Germán, Álvaro Laborda, Sebastián Donate, Oscar Blumetto
Bird And Mammal Fauna Assemblages In Well-Preserved Natural Grasslands Of Uruguay With Different Livestock Management, Rafael A. Tosi-Germán, Álvaro Laborda, Sebastián Donate, Oscar Blumetto
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The aim of this study is to assess the composition of mammalian and avian communities in sites under two different cattle management plans: one where sheep are present along bovine cattle and another where pastures are grazed solely by bovines.
Improving Livestock Production Assuring Natural Grassland Ecosystem Conservation: Three Key Management Practices At Farm Level, Oscar Blumetto, Santiago Scarlato, Andrés Castagna, Guadalupe Tiscornia, Andrea Ruggia, Gerónimo Cardozo
Improving Livestock Production Assuring Natural Grassland Ecosystem Conservation: Three Key Management Practices At Farm Level, Oscar Blumetto, Santiago Scarlato, Andrés Castagna, Guadalupe Tiscornia, Andrea Ruggia, Gerónimo Cardozo
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Ecosystem changes by human activities are a central topic in environmental discussions and temperate grasslands are among the most altered ecosystems on the planet (Millenium Ecosystem Assessment, 2005). The Rio de la Plata grasslands are among of the most extended temperate grasslands in the world, along with the prairie system of North America, the grasslands in east Europe and Mongolia, the grassvelds in South Africa and the New Zealand plains. They cover the central-eastern part of Argentina, Uruguay and south of Brazil. Natural grasslands are very rich in terms of number of species, reaching up to more than 3,000 vascular …
Planet At Risk From Grazing Animals?, Albrecht F. Glatzle
Planet At Risk From Grazing Animals?, Albrecht F. Glatzle
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The famous FAO report “Livestock’s Long Shadow” (Steinfeld et. al. 2006) and hundreds of subsequent publications blamed domestic livestock, in general, and grassland-based production systems in the (sub) tropics, in particular, of causing serious environmental hazards such as climate change, claiming that 18% of anthropogenic greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are from livestock, more than from the transport sector. Few reviews challenged this claim, and those that did received little attention from the media. Pitseky et al. (2009) revealed the double standard applied by the FAO in this matter. Whereas for livestock products a full life cycle assessment for …
Agroecosystem Health Cards: A Practical Tool For Sustainable Management Of Grasslands, Iker Mijangos, Isabel Albizu, Mikel Anza, Iker Martin, Sorkunde Mendarte, Lur Epelde, Carlos Garbisu
Agroecosystem Health Cards: A Practical Tool For Sustainable Management Of Grasslands, Iker Mijangos, Isabel Albizu, Mikel Anza, Iker Martin, Sorkunde Mendarte, Lur Epelde, Carlos Garbisu
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
The traditional grazing activity carried out for centuries in mountainous areas of the Basque Country (Northern Atlantic Spain) facilitated the presence of different extensive pasture habitats, such as those included in the Gorbeia Natural Park and surrounding valleys (43° 02’N, 2° 49’W). Currently, these pastures are highly valued due to the ecosystem services they provide. In this context, one of the main objectives of the LIFE-SOILMONTANA project (ref. LIFE 10 NAT/ES/579) is to develop a practical tool that allows grassland managers (farmers, scientists and authorities) to auto-evaluate the suitability of alternative agronomic practices in relation to the conservation of these …
Mixed Species Seeding: A Means To Increase Production In Temperate Pastures, Michael P. Schellenberg, Bili Biligetu, Valentin Picasso
Mixed Species Seeding: A Means To Increase Production In Temperate Pastures, Michael P. Schellenberg, Bili Biligetu, Valentin Picasso
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Seeding mixed species for forage production has been suggested as a means of increasing productivity and stabilizing yields under a changing climate. Forages have traditionally been sown as monocultures or binary mixtures only, with the emphasis being on species and not necessarily their function or compatibility. While natural plant communities typically may be dominated by a single species, they are comprised of several species and function-al groups.
This paper provides the results of sowing multiple species at semiarid sites within the North American Great Plains and identifies a similar result from a more humid region reported within the literature.
Designing High-Yielding, High-Diversity And Low-Input Temporary Grasslands, Karen Søegaard, Tine B. Mortensen, Jørgen Eriksen
Designing High-Yielding, High-Diversity And Low-Input Temporary Grasslands, Karen Søegaard, Tine B. Mortensen, Jørgen Eriksen
IGC Proceedings (1997-2023)
Species-rich swards have received increasing interest due to their focus on ecosystem services, animal welfare and product quality. However, in high-yielding swards the proportion of herbs is often limited and there is little knowledge of their management. Seed mixture composition, cutting frequency, fertilization and grazing/cutting strategies were examined over 4 years in 3 experiments to quantify their effects on herbage yield and botanical composition. Inclusion of herbs in the sward gave similar or higher annual yields but swards established with 100% herbs depended on the presence of a driver species. The effects of management differed between species. Herb content in …
Local Loss And Spatial Homogenization Of Plant Diversity Reduce Ecosystem Multifunctionality, Yann Hautier, Forest Isbell, Elizabeth T. Borer, Eric W. Seabloom, W. Stanley Harpole, Eric M. Lind, Andrew S. Macdougall, Carly J. Stevens, Peter B. Adler, Juan Alberti, Jonathan D. Bakker, Lars A. Brudvig, Yvonne M. Buckley, Marc Cadotte, Maria C. Caldeira, Enrique J. Chaneton, Chengjin Chu, Pedro Daleo, Christopher R. Dickman, John M. Dwyer, Anu Eskelinen, Philip A Fay, Jennifer Firn, Nicole Hagenah, Helmut Hillebrand, Oscar Iribarne, Kevin P. Kirkman, Johannes M. H. Knops, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Rebecca L. Mcculley
Local Loss And Spatial Homogenization Of Plant Diversity Reduce Ecosystem Multifunctionality, Yann Hautier, Forest Isbell, Elizabeth T. Borer, Eric W. Seabloom, W. Stanley Harpole, Eric M. Lind, Andrew S. Macdougall, Carly J. Stevens, Peter B. Adler, Juan Alberti, Jonathan D. Bakker, Lars A. Brudvig, Yvonne M. Buckley, Marc Cadotte, Maria C. Caldeira, Enrique J. Chaneton, Chengjin Chu, Pedro Daleo, Christopher R. Dickman, John M. Dwyer, Anu Eskelinen, Philip A Fay, Jennifer Firn, Nicole Hagenah, Helmut Hillebrand, Oscar Iribarne, Kevin P. Kirkman, Johannes M. H. Knops, Kimberly J. La Pierre, Rebecca L. Mcculley
Plant and Soil Sciences Faculty Publications
Biodiversity is declining in many local communities while also becoming increasingly homogenized across space. Experiments show that local plant species loss reduces ecosystem functioning and services, but the role of spatial homogenization of community composition and the potential interaction between diversity at different scales in maintaining ecosystem functioning remains unclear, especially when many functions are considered (ecosystem multifunctionality). We present an analysis of eight ecosystem functions measured in 65 grasslands worldwide. We find that more diverse grasslands—those with both species-rich local communities (α-diversity) and large compositional differences among localities (β-diversity)—had higher levels of multifunctionality. Moreover, α- and β-diversity synergistically affected …
Impacts Of Strategic Grazing And Fire On Soil Seed Bank Heterogeneity In Mixed-Grass Prairie, Kassidy Weathers, Lan Xu, Patricia Johnson
Impacts Of Strategic Grazing And Fire On Soil Seed Bank Heterogeneity In Mixed-Grass Prairie, Kassidy Weathers, Lan Xu, Patricia Johnson
Natural Resource Management Faculty Publications
Native plant communities in the Northern Great Plains evolved under periodic fire and substantial grazing pressure from native herbivores, two main drivers maintaining the heterogeneity of grassland ecosystems. However, contemporary management practices focus on maximizing livestock production through fire suppression and uniform grazing strategies, resulting in decreased vegetation heterogeneity, species richness, wildlife habitat, and biodiversity. Objectives of this study were to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of patch-burn grazing (PBG) and winter-patch grazing (WPG) managements on soil seed bank heterogeneity in terms of species 1) richness, 2) composition, 3) abundance, and 4) diversity. Two soil cores (10-cm dia × 10-cm …
Can Increasing Grass-Fungal Endophyte Symbiotic Diversity Enhance Grassland Ecosystem Functioning?, Mahtaab Bagherzadeh
Can Increasing Grass-Fungal Endophyte Symbiotic Diversity Enhance Grassland Ecosystem Functioning?, Mahtaab Bagherzadeh
Theses and Dissertations--Plant and Soil Sciences
The relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning is important in maintaining agroecosystem sustainability. Plant-microbe symbioses, such as exists between the grass tall fescue (Schedonorus arundinaceum) and the asexual fungal endophyte Epichloë coenophiala, can be utilized to enhance agroecosystem functions, such as herbivore resistance. “Novel” E. coenophiala strains that vary in the production of mammal- and insect-toxic compounds have been identified, inserted into tall fescue cultivars, and are planted in pastures globally. Novel fungal endophyte-tall fescue associations may have divergent ecosystem function effects. This study assessed effects of different fescue-endophyte symbiotic combinations on pasture ecosystem function, including aboveground …
Lichen Conservation In Eastern North America: Population Genomics, Climate Change, And Translocations, Jessica Allen
Lichen Conservation In Eastern North America: Population Genomics, Climate Change, And Translocations, Jessica Allen
Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects
Conservation biology is a scientific discipline that draws on methods from diverse fields to address specific conservation concerns and inform conservation actions. This field is overwhelmingly focused on charismatic animals and vascular plants, often ignoring other diverse and ecologically important groups. This trend is slowly changing in some ways; for example, increasing number of fungal species are being added to the IUCN Red-List. However, a strong taxonomic bias still exists. Here I contribute four research chapters to further the conservation of lichens, one group of frequently overlooked organisms. I address specific conservation concerns in eastern North America using modern methods. …
Interactive Effects Of Cover Crops, Invertebrate Communities And Soil Health In Corn Production Systems, Claire Lacanne
Interactive Effects Of Cover Crops, Invertebrate Communities And Soil Health In Corn Production Systems, Claire Lacanne
Electronic Theses and Dissertations
The adoption of regenerative farming practices is gaining traction, but the costs and benefits are not often considered on a systems level. Encouraging biodiversity and soil health is the goal of many agricultural practices used in regenerative farming; regenerative systems employ practices which abide by the two main principles of increasing biodiversity and decreasing disturbance, with the goal of encouraging ecosystem functioning to minimize inputs and maximize the productivity of a farm. I examined the management of corn (Zea mays) fields across four states in the Upper Midwest region of the United States. Regenerative systems in this study …