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Physics

Selected Works

2015

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Articles 391 - 412 of 412

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Flow Of Dna Solutions In A Microfluidic Gradual Contraction, Shelly Gulati, Susan J. Muller, Dorian Liepmann Jan 2015

Flow Of Dna Solutions In A Microfluidic Gradual Contraction, Shelly Gulati, Susan J. Muller, Dorian Liepmann

Shelly Gulati

The flow of λ-DNA solutions in a gradual micro-contraction was investigated using direct measurement techniques. The effects on DNA transport in microscale flows are significant because the flow behavior is influenced by macromolecular conformations, both viscous and elastic forces dominate inertial forces at this length scale, and the fully extended length of the molecule approaches the characteristic channel length wc (L/wc ∼ 0.13). This study examines the flow of semi-dilute and entangled DNA solutions in a gradual planar micro-contraction for low Reynolds numbers (3.7 × 10−6 < Re < 3.1 × 10−1) and high Weissenberg numbers (0.4 < Wi < …


Indentation Of Ultrathin Elastic Films And The Emergence Of Asymptotic Isometry, Dominic Vella, Jianghui Huang, Narayanan Menon, Thomas P. Russell, Benny Davidovitch Jan 2015

Indentation Of Ultrathin Elastic Films And The Emergence Of Asymptotic Isometry, Dominic Vella, Jianghui Huang, Narayanan Menon, Thomas P. Russell, Benny Davidovitch

Benny Davidovitch

We study the indentation of a thin elastic film floating at the surface of a liquid. We focus on the onset of radial wrinkles at a threshold indentation depth and the evolution of the wrinkle pattern as indentation progresses far beyond this threshold. Comparison between experiments on thin polymer films and theoretical calculations shows that the system very quickly reaches the far from threshold regime, in which wrinkles lead to the relaxation of azimuthal compression. Furthermore, when the indentation depth is sufficiently large that the wrinkles cover most of the film, we recognize a novel mechanical response in which the …


Second Harmonic Generation At Oblique Angles In Photonic Bandgap Structures, Han Li Jan 2015

Second Harmonic Generation At Oblique Angles In Photonic Bandgap Structures, Han Li

Han Li

No abstract provided.


Neutron Generation From 10mev Electron Beam To Produce Mo99, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Borhani Zarandi, Mahmood, Tabbakh, Farshid, Amrollahi Bioki, Hojjat Jan 2015

Neutron Generation From 10mev Electron Beam To Produce Mo99, Innovative Research Publications Irp India, Borhani Zarandi, Mahmood, Tabbakh, Farshid, Amrollahi Bioki, Hojjat

Innovative Research Publications IRP India

In this paper MCNP4C code has been used to simulate of the photonuclear interaction induced by 10MeV electron beam is an approach for generating the high intensity neutrons. Since the results are depended on the target material, the calculations are performed for the targets made of high z elements of Pb, Ta and W in a simple geometry.


The Spatial Distribution Of Electric Field Intensity When The Motion Of Electric Charge In Absolute Space, Vildyan Yanbikov Jan 2015

The Spatial Distribution Of Electric Field Intensity When The Motion Of Electric Charge In Absolute Space, Vildyan Yanbikov

Vildyan Yanbikov

При движении электрического или гравитационного заряда в абсолютном пространстве. Поля, создаваемого этими частицами, будет иметь другое распределение в пространстве. В сравнении со стационарным бесплатно. При движении заряда поля деформаций.


New Interpretation Of Experimental Data On Si−As Alloy Solidification With Planar Interface, Sergey Sobolev Jan 2015

New Interpretation Of Experimental Data On Si−As Alloy Solidification With Planar Interface, Sergey Sobolev

Sergey Sobolev

No abstract provided.


Reviving Brontosaurus Name Because Of Species Differences, Life Throoughout The Precambrian As New Life Theory, Disproof Of Poincare Conjecture Because Meteorites Do Not Need To Map To Asteroid 3 Spheres Can Be From Comets, Planets, Oort Cloud, Kuiper Belt, Manifolds Changing And Moving Do Not Map To Unchanging 3 Spheres And I As Manifold Do Not Want To Be Folded Into 3 Sphere So Poincare Conjecture Disproven, James T. Struck Jan 2015

Reviving Brontosaurus Name Because Of Species Differences, Life Throoughout The Precambrian As New Life Theory, Disproof Of Poincare Conjecture Because Meteorites Do Not Need To Map To Asteroid 3 Spheres Can Be From Comets, Planets, Oort Cloud, Kuiper Belt, Manifolds Changing And Moving Do Not Map To Unchanging 3 Spheres And I As Manifold Do Not Want To Be Folded Into 3 Sphere So Poincare Conjecture Disproven, James T. Struck

James T Struck

Three discoveries I made from visiting the Field Museum of Natural History yesterday on Illinois Day 12/6/2015. Brontosaurus as a dinosaur name can be brought back as existing in Wyoming rather than Apatosaurus' Colorado, 5 vertebrae rather than 3 on Apatosaurus, and larger size are enough to argue for a unique species. Yale Professor Marsh had it right when he saw Brontosaurus as different than Apatosaurus; larger size, different location, different bones should revive the Brontosaurus name. Riggs spoke to soon when speaking against Brontosaurus as a separate name. Second discovery, a new theory of life on Earth origin that …


Inżynieria Chemiczna Ćw., Wojciech M. Budzianowski Jan 2015

Inżynieria Chemiczna Ćw., Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

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Tematyka Prac Doktorskich, Wojciech M. Budzianowski Jan 2015

Tematyka Prac Doktorskich, Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

No abstract provided.


Fluctuation-Induced First Order Phase Transitions In Type-1.5 Superconductors In Zero External Field, Hannes Meier, Egor Babaev, Mats Wallin Jan 2015

Fluctuation-Induced First Order Phase Transitions In Type-1.5 Superconductors In Zero External Field, Hannes Meier, Egor Babaev, Mats Wallin

Egor Babaev

No abstract provided.


Vortex Chains Due To Nonpairwise Interactions And Field-Induced Phase Transitions Between States With Different Broken Symmetry In Superconductors With Competing Order Parameters, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev Jan 2015

Vortex Chains Due To Nonpairwise Interactions And Field-Induced Phase Transitions Between States With Different Broken Symmetry In Superconductors With Competing Order Parameters, Julien Garaud, Egor Babaev

Egor Babaev

We study superconductors with two order components and phase separation driven by intercomponent density-density interaction, focusing on the phase where only one condensate has nonzero ground-state density and a competing order parameter exists only in vortex cores. We demonstrate there that multibody intervortex interactions can be strongly nonpairwise, leading to some unusual vortex patterns in an external field, such as vortex pairs and vortex chains. We demonstrate that in an external magnetic field such a system undergoes a field-driven phase transition from (broken) U(1) to (broken) U(1)×U(1) symmetries when a subdominant order parameter in the vortex cores acquires global coherence. …


Spontaneous Breakdown Of Time-Reversal Symmetry Induced By Thermal Fluctuations, Johan Carlström, Egor Babaev Jan 2015

Spontaneous Breakdown Of Time-Reversal Symmetry Induced By Thermal Fluctuations, Johan Carlström, Egor Babaev

Egor Babaev

In systems with broken U(1) symmetry, such as superfluids, superconductors or magnets, the symmetry restoration is driven by proliferation of topological defects in the form of vortex loops. Here we discuss that in certain systems the proliferation of topological defects can, by contrast, lead to the breakdown of an additional symmetry. As a particular example we demonstrate that this effect should take place in s + is superconductors, which are widely discussed in connection with the Iron-based materials. In these systems a vortex excitation can create a “bubble" of fluctuating Z2 order parameter. Thermal excitation of vortices then leads to …


Moffatt Eddies In The Single Screw Extruder: Numerical And Analytical Study, Petru S. Fodor, Miron Kaufman Jan 2015

Moffatt Eddies In The Single Screw Extruder: Numerical And Analytical Study, Petru S. Fodor, Miron Kaufman

Miron Kaufman

A detailed analysis of the fluid flow in the single screw extruder is performed by combining numerical and analytical methods. While finite element analysis numerical models are used to extract the transversal velocity field, an analytical model in the limit of zero Reynolds numbers is used to determine the longitudinal component of the fluid velocities. The high resolution 3D model developed for the fluid flow in single screw extruders with aspect ratios (i.e. depth/width) ranging from 1 to 0.1, allows the identification of the position and extent of Moffatt eddies that impede the fluid mixing through the entire extruder’s volume. …


Rotation Period Of 584 Semiramis, Linda French, Kyle Connour, Tyler Wright Dec 2014

Rotation Period Of 584 Semiramis, Linda French, Kyle Connour, Tyler Wright

Linda French

Rotation periods were obtained for ten minor planets based on near-IR CCD observations made in 2014 at the urban Burleith Observatory, Washington, DC. (The link provided is to the entire bulletin. Scroll to page 4 for Dr. French's article.)


The Sign Learning Kink (Silk) Based Quantum Monte Carlo (Qmc), Xiaoyao Ma, Frank Loffler, Randall W. Hall, Karol Kowalski, Mark Jarrell, Juana Moreno Dec 2014

The Sign Learning Kink (Silk) Based Quantum Monte Carlo (Qmc), Xiaoyao Ma, Frank Loffler, Randall W. Hall, Karol Kowalski, Mark Jarrell, Juana Moreno

Randall W. Hall

Purpose
The Sign Learning Kink (SiLK) based Quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) method is based on Feynman's path integral formulation of quantum mechanics, and can reduce the minus sign problem when calculating energies in atomic and molecular systems. The code requires as input the one and two electron integrals, which usually are computed using the NWChem package. Example input files are distributed with this package. The code also requires an parameter file, specifying run-time parameters such as input/output directories, or specific code parameters. For all example inputs a corresponding parameter file is distributed as well.

Systems
The code has been tuned …


Colloidal Plasmonic Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles: Properties And Applications, Urcan Guler, Sergey Suslov, Alexander V. Kildishev, Alexandra Boltasseva, Vladimir M. Shalaev Dec 2014

Colloidal Plasmonic Titanium Nitride Nanoparticles: Properties And Applications, Urcan Guler, Sergey Suslov, Alexander V. Kildishev, Alexandra Boltasseva, Vladimir M. Shalaev

U. Guler

Optical properties of colloidal plasmonic titanium nitride nanoparticles are examined with an eye on their photothermal and photocatalytic applications via transmission electron microscopy and optical transmittance measurements. Single crystal titanium nitride cubic nanoparticles with an average size of 50 nm, which was found to be the optimum size for cellular uptake with gold nanoparticles [1], exhibit plasmon resonance in the biological transparency window and demonstrate a high absorption efficiency. A self-passivating native oxide at the surface of the nanoparticles provides an additional degree of freedom for surface functionalization. The titanium oxide shell surrounding the plasmonic core can create new opportunities …


The Spatial Distribution Of Electric Field Intensity When The Motion Of Electric Charge In Absolute Space, Vildyan Yanbikov Dec 2014

The Spatial Distribution Of Electric Field Intensity When The Motion Of Electric Charge In Absolute Space, Vildyan Yanbikov

Vildyan Yanbikov

When driving an electric or gravitational charge in absolute space. Field created by these particles will have a different distribution in space. In comparison with by a stationary charge. When the charge motion of the deformation field.


Zespół Energii Odnawialnej I Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (Eozr), Wojciech M. Budzianowski Dec 2014

Zespół Energii Odnawialnej I Zrównoważonego Rozwoju (Eozr), Wojciech M. Budzianowski

Wojciech Budzianowski

No abstract provided.


Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping At High Xenon Densities And Laser Fluxes: Principles And Practice, Boyd M. Goodson, Nicholas Whiting, Hayley Newton, Jason G. Skinner, Kaili Ranta, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev Dec 2014

Spin-Exchange Optical Pumping At High Xenon Densities And Laser Fluxes: Principles And Practice, Boyd M. Goodson, Nicholas Whiting, Hayley Newton, Jason G. Skinner, Kaili Ranta, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev

Nicholas Whiting

Once limited to the realm of fundamental physics experiments, hyperpolarized (HP) noble gases have been exploited for a wide range of applications across NMR and MRI. In most cases, hyperpolarized noble gases are prepared by spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP)...


Hyperpolarization Methods For Mrs, Boyd M. Goodson, Nicholas Whiting, Aaron M. Coffey, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Fan Shi, Brogan M. Gust, Maxwell E. Gemeinhardt, Roman Shchepin, Jason G. Skinner, Jonathan R. Birchall, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev Dec 2014

Hyperpolarization Methods For Mrs, Boyd M. Goodson, Nicholas Whiting, Aaron M. Coffey, Panayiotis Nikolaou, Fan Shi, Brogan M. Gust, Maxwell E. Gemeinhardt, Roman Shchepin, Jason G. Skinner, Jonathan R. Birchall, Michael J. Barlow, Eduard Y. Chekmenev

Nicholas Whiting

This article covers the fundamental principles and practice of NMR hyperpolarization techniques, which are proving useful for in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) studies of metabolism in animal models, and clinical trials with hyper-enhanced sensitivity. Fundamentally, hyperpolarization methods enhance nuclear spin polarization by orders-of-magnitude, resulting in concomitant improvement in NMR detection sensitivity. The hyperpolarization methods described here – dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP), para-hydrogen induced polarization (PHIP), signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE), and spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP) – are capable of achieving nuclear spin polarization approaching the theoretical maximum of unity on nuclear spin sites of molecular or atomic agents …


Exploring Student Difficulties With Observation Location, Jamie Bryant, Rita Dawod, Susan M. Fischer, Mary Bridget Kustusch Dec 2014

Exploring Student Difficulties With Observation Location, Jamie Bryant, Rita Dawod, Susan M. Fischer, Mary Bridget Kustusch

Mary Bridget Kustusch

Throughout introductory physics, students create and interpret free body diagrams in which multiple
forces act on an object, typically at a single location (the object’s center of mass). The situation increases in
difficulty when multiple objects are involved, and further when electric and magnetic fields are present. In
the latter, sources of the fields are often identified as a set of electric charges or current-carrying wires, and
students are asked to determine the electric or magnetic field at a separate location defined as the observation
location. Previous research suggests students do not always appropriately account for how a measurement or …


Photodissociation Of Bulk Nitrobenzene At 250, 266, And 280 Nm Using A Picosecond Laser.Pdf, Chakree Tanjaroon, Christopher J. Lue, Scott Reeve, Susan D. Allen, J. Bruce Johnson Dec 2014

Photodissociation Of Bulk Nitrobenzene At 250, 266, And 280 Nm Using A Picosecond Laser.Pdf, Chakree Tanjaroon, Christopher J. Lue, Scott Reeve, Susan D. Allen, J. Bruce Johnson

Scott Reeve

No abstract provided.