Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons^™

Physics Ii, Kalani Hettiarachchilage

Open Educational Resources

Physics II, class code PHY 156 at College of Staten Island is the second part of two two-semester algebra-based introductory physics courses. This course overlaps of the following topics laws of electricity, magnetism, optics, and modern physics. The important laws of physics in these areas and problem-solving are emphasized. Problem solving is an integral part of the course, all contents are designed to think critically, analytically, and logically. Conceptual understanding is reinforced using interactive computer-based techniques, demonstrations, problem-solving strategies, and laboratory experiences. In this document, all the class materials including lectures, worksheets, homework, group work assignments, quizzes, and conceptual Slido …

Physics I, Kalani Hettiarachchilage

Open Educational Resources

Physics I, class code PHY 116 at College of Staten Island is the first part of a two-semester algebra-based introductory physics course. This course overlaps many topics in the laws of classical mechanics, fluid dynamics, thermodynamics, wave motion, and sound. The important laws of physics in these areas and problem-solving are emphasized. Problem solving is an integral part of the course, all contents are designed to think critically, analytically, and logically. Conceptual understanding is reinforced using interactive computer-based techniques, demonstrations, problem-solving strategies, and laboratory experiences. In this document, all the class materials including lectures, worksheets, homework and group work assignments, …

Creative Physics Syllabus For Online Class, Kalani Hettiarachchilage

Open Educational Resources

Creative Physics syllabus for all information and guidelines will be a big help for students to know about the class structure, expectations, submission, personalized class materials, class ethics, and requirements in one place. This detailed syllabus will be a very effective way of expressing the information to the class. Creating a detailed syllabus and engaging activity of in the learning management system such as syllabus review activity will help students to navigate through important items on the syllabus.

Studying The Impact Of The Geospace Environment On Solar Lithosphere Coupling And Earthquake Activity, Dimitar Ouzounov, Galina Khachikyan

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In solar–terrestrial physics, there is an open question: does a geomagnetic storm affect earthquakes? We expand research in this direction, analyzing the seismic situation after geomagnetic storms (GMs) accompanied by the precipitation of relativistic electrons from the outer radiation belt to form an additional radiation belt (RB) around lower geomagnetic lines. We consider four widely discussed cases in the literature for long-lived (weeks, months) RBs due to GMs and revealed that the 1/GMs 24 March 1991 with a new RB at L~2.6 was followed by an M7.0 earthquake in Alaska, 30 May 1991, near footprint L = 2.69; the 2/GMs …

Introduction To Physics, Kalani Hetti

Open Educational Resources

Introduction to physics, class code PHY 114 at college of Staten Island covers general physics concepts by using very simple algebraic calculations. Topics may include scientific measurements, significant figures, estimation, units, linear and rotational motion, vectors, forces, energy, momentum, collision, impulse, projectile motion, circular motion, thermodynamics, oscillating waves, electricity and magnetism, properties of lights, reflection, refraction, atomic nuclei, and radioactivity. This course is designed to teach general concepts and laws of physics to everyday life enforcing student’s critical thinking, logical patterns, organization, and everyday life applications. In this document, all the class materials including lectures, worksheets, homework assignments, quizzes, and …

Measuring The Lengths Of Sperm Whales Of The Northern Gulf Of Mexico By Wavelet Analysis Of Their Usual Clicks, George Drouant

University of New Orleans Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

Acoustic recordings of underwater sounds produced by marine mammals present an attractive alternative to costly and logistically complex ship based visual surveys for collecting population data for various species.

The first reported use of underwater acoustic recordings in the long-term monitoring of sperm whale populations was by Ackleh et al. (Ackleh et al., 2012). The paper describes counting sperm whale clicks at different locations to track population changes over time.

Analysis of sperm whale clicks offers additional insight into sperm whale populations. The echo location clicks (usual clicks) of sperm whales can be used to give an estimate of …

Acoustically Levitated Whispering-Gallery Mode Microlasers, H. M. Reynoso-De La Cruz, E. D. Hernández-Campos, E. Ortiz-Ricardo, A. Martínez-Borquez, I. Rosas-Román, V. Contreras, G. Ramos-Ortiz, B. Mendoza-Santoyo, Cecilia Zurita-Lopez, R. Castro-Beltrán

Biology, Chemistry, and Environmental Sciences Faculty Articles and Research

Acoustic levitation has become a crucial technique for contactless manipulation in several fields, particularly in biological applications. However, its application in the photonics field remains largely unexplored. In this study, we implement an affordable and innovative phased-array levitator that enables stable trapping in the air of micrometer dye-doped droplets, thereby enabling the creation of microlasers. For the first time, this paper presents a detailed performance of the levitated microlaser cavity, supported by theoretical analysis concerning the hybrid technology based on the combination of whispering-gallery modes and acoustic fields. The pressure field distribution inside the acoustic cavity is numerically solved and …

Perovskite Cspbbr3 Solar Cells With Novel Hole-Transporting Layer Of Metal Complexes, Liqiu Zheng, Evynn S. Jackson, Ny'kesha S. Warren, Robert Owor, Zhongrui Li

Georgia Journal of Science

For the first time, the novel application of Schiff-base copper complexes in all-inorganic perovskite CsBrBr₃ solar cells has been explored and turns out they could be utilized as effective hole-transporting materials. Schiff-base copper complexes with halogen ligands (R=Cl and Br) are synthesized with an ease approach at a low cost, both of which exhibit decent power conversion efficiency of 4.55% and 5.71%, respectively, when being constructed into solar devices as hole transport layers. Thanks to high thermal/chemical stability of those Schiff-base metal complexes, the strengthened stability was achieved which is comparable to that of carbon-based CsBrBr₃ solar cells. …

Digital Twins Of The Living Knee: From Measurements To Model, Thor Erik Andreassen

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Modern medicine has dramatically improved the lives of many. In orthopaedics, robotic surgery has given clinicians superior accuracy when performing interventions over conventional methods. Nevertheless, while these and many other methods are available to ensure treatments are performed successfully, far fewer methods exist to predict the proper treatment option for a given person. Clinicians are forced to categorize individuals, choosing the best treatment on “average.” However, many individuals differ significantly from the “average” person, for which many of these treatments are designed. Going forward, a method of testing, evaluating, and predicting different treatment options' short- and long-term effects on an …

Faster, Cheaper, And Better Cfd: A Case For Machine Learning To Augment Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes, John Peter Romano Ii

Mechanical & Aerospace Engineering Theses & Dissertations

In recent years, the field of machine learning (ML) has made significant advances, particularly through applying deep learning (DL) algorithms and artificial intelligence (AI). The literature shows several ways that ML may enhance the power of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to improve its solution accuracy, reduce the needed computational resources and reduce overall simulation cost. ML techniques have also expanded the understanding of underlying flow physics and improved data capture from experimental fluid dynamics.

This dissertation presents an in-depth literature review and discusses ways the field of fluid dynamics has leveraged ML modeling to date. The author selects and describes …

Superoscillations And Fock Spaces, Daniel Alpay, Fabrizio Colombo, Kamal Diki, Irene Sabadini, Daniele C. Struppa

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

In this paper we use techniques in Fock spaces theory and compute how the Segal-Bargmann transform acts on special wave functions obtained by multiplying superoscillating sequences with normalized Hermite functions. It turns out that these special wave functions can be constructed also by computing the approximating sequence of the normalized Hermite functions. First, we start by treating the case when a superoscillating sequence is multiplied by the Gaussian function. Then, we extend these calculations to the case of normalized Hermite functions leading to interesting relations with Weyl operators. In particular, we show that the Segal-Bargmann transform maps superoscillating sequences onto …

Trumpet Directivity From A Rotating Semicircular Array, Samuel D. Bellows, Joseph E. Avila, Timothy W. Leishman

Directivity

The directivity function of a played musical instrument describes the angular dependence of its acoustic radiation and diffraction about the instrument, musician, and musician’s chair. Directivity influences sound in rehearsal, performance, and recording environments and signals in audio systems. Because high-resolution, spherically comprehensive measurements of played musical instruments have been unavailable in the past, the authors have undertaken research to produce and share such data for studies of musical instruments, simulations of acoustical environments, optimizations of microphone placements, and other applications. The authors acquired the data from repeated chromatic scales produced by a trumpet played at mezzo-forte in an anechoic …

Ferroelectric Hafnia Surface In Action, Xia Hong

Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience: Faculty Publications

Piezoresponse microscopy and spectroscopy reveal the inextricable role of surface electrochemistry in stabilizing and controlling ferroelectricity in doped hafnia.

Doped hafnia (HfO₂), a relatively new member of the ferroelectric family, has challenged in many ways our conventional perception of ferroelectric oxides. It possesses extremely localized electric dipoles that are independently switchable,¹ making it immune to finite size effects — the loss of long-range dipole order in ferroic materials due to size scaling. While polycrystalline grains and microstructures can yield lower polarization and poorer cycling behavior in canonical ferroelectrics such as Pb(Zr,Ti)O₃ and BaTiO₃, in …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Amyloid-Like Fibril Formation, Sharareh Jalali

Dissertations

Proteins play a critical role in living systems by performing most of the functions inside cells. The latter is determined by the protein's three-dimensional structure when it is folded in its native state. However, under pathological conditions, proteins can misfold and aggregate, accounting for the formation of highly ordered insoluble assemblies known as amyloid fibrils. These assemblies are associated with diseases like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's. Strong evidence suggests that three mechanisms are critical for forming amyloid fibrils. These mechanisms are the nucleation of amyloid fibrils in solution (primary nucleation) as well as on the surface of existing fibrils (secondary nucleation) …

Exploring Topological Phonons In Different Length Scales: Microtubules And Acoustic Metamaterials, Ssu-Ying Chen

Dissertations

The topological concepts of electronic states have been extended to phononic systems, leading to the prediction of topological phonons in a variety of materials. These phonons play a crucial role in determining material properties such as thermal conductivity, thermoelectricity, superconductivity, and specific heat. The objective of this dissertation is to investigate the role of topological phonons at different length scales.

Firstly, the acoustic resonator properties of tubulin proteins, which form microtubules, will be explored The microtubule has been proposed as an analog of a topological phononic insulator due to its unique properties. One key characteristic of topological materials is the …

Feasibility Of Functional Mri On Point-Of-Care Mr Platforms, Arjama Halder

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to be a clinically valuable tool that can produce anatomical and functional images with improved soft tissue contrast compared to other imaging modalities. There has recently been a surge in low- and mid-field scanners due to hardware developments and innovative acquisition techniques. These compact scanners are accessible, offer reduced siting requirements and can be made operational at a reduced cost.

This thesis aims to implement blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) resting-state functional MRI (fMRI) at such a mid-field point-of-care scanner. The availability of this technique can be beneficial to get neurological information in cases of traumatic brain …

Investigation Of Student Understanding Of Representations Of Probability Concepts In Quantum Mechanics, William D. Riihiluoma

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The ability to relate physical concepts and phenomena to multiple mathematical representations—and to move fluidly between these representations—is a critical outcome expected of physics instruction. In upper-division quantum mechanics, students must work with multiple symbolic notations, including some that they have not previously encountered. Thus, developing the ability to generate and translate expressions in these notations is of great importance, and the extent to which students can relate these expressions to physical quantities and phenomena is crucial to understand.

To investigate student understanding of the expressions used in these notations and the ways they relate, clinical think-aloud interviews were conducted …

Towards Clinical Microscopic Fractional Anisotropy Imaging, Nico Jj Arezza

Electronic Thesis and Dissertation Repository

Microscopic fractional anisotropy (µFA) is a diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) metric that is sensitive to neuron microstructural features without being confounded by the orientation dispersion of axons and dendrites. µFA may potentially act as a surrogate biomarker for neurodegeneration, demyelination, and other pathological changes to neuron microstructure with greater specificity than other dMRI techniques that are sensitive to orientation dispersion, such as diffusion tensor imaging. As with many advanced imaging techniques, µFA is primarily used in research studies and has not seen use in clinical settings.

The primary goal of this Thesis was to assess the clinical viability of …

Optimization Of A Ball's Launch In Sports, Andrew C. Smith, Javier E. Hasbun

Georgia Journal of Science

Newton's laws are used to study the effects of air resistance on an object's motion. In ball-related sports such as baseball, soccer, etc., understanding the effects of air resistance is essential to optimize ball launch performance. This performance optimization can be studied by identifying the minimal time it takes for a ball with speed to travel a certain distance. We work with two models that apply to an object's motion. One of the models assumes a linear air drag while a second model makes use of a quadratic air drag. We do investigate known differential equations for when the Magnus …

Depression, Anxiety, And Estimated Cardiorespiratory Fitness In College Students, Christian Ison

UNLV Theses, Dissertations, Professional Papers, and Capstones

Depression and anxiety disorders are two common mental health conditions worldwide. College students are considered a high-risk population for the development of these conditions. Improved cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) has been shown to decrease depression and anxiety risk, symptoms, and severity but this relationship and the extent to which improved CRF can reduce these risks has yet to be examined in the college student population. Validated and reliable non-exercise estimated cardiorespiratory fitness (eCRF) algorithms could be used to identify relationships and associations with depression and anxiety severity levels among college students. The purpose of this study was to assess eCRF and …

Strong Ultrafast Demagnetization Due To The Intraband Transitions, G. P. Zhang, Mitsuko Murakami

Symposium Projects

Demagnetization in ferromagnetic transition metals driven by a femtosecond laser pulse is a fundamental problem in solid state physics, and its understanding is essential to the development of spintronic devices. Ab initio calculation of time-dependent magnetic moment in the velocity gauge so far has not been successful in reproducing the large amount of demagnetization observed in experiments. In this work, we propose a method to incorporate intraband transitions within the velocity gauge through a convective derivative in the crystal momentum space. Our results for transition-element bulk crystals (bcc Fe, hcp Co and fcc Ni) based on the time-dependent quantum Liouville …

Synthesis, Characterization, And Simulation Of Two-Dimensional Materials, Lawrence Hudy

Theses and Dissertations

ABSTRACT

SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND SIMULATION OF TWO-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS

by

Lawrence Hudy

The University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 2023Under the Supervision of Professor Michael Weinert

This dissertation focuses on my journey through many aspects of surface science leading to the first principles investigation of transition metal dichalcogenides studying the impact of defects, twist, and decreasing interlayer separation to probe their effect on the electronic properties of these materials. My journey started out learning many aspects of material science such as methods for material synthesis and characterization but later ended on simulation of material properties using density functional theory. In the first experiments, we …

Entanglement In The Hawking Effect: From Astrophysical To Optical Black Holes, Dimitrios Kranas

LSU Doctoral Dissertations

The Hawking effect is an exciting physical prediction lying at the intersection of the two most successful theories of the past century, namely, Einstein’s theory of relativity and quantum mechanics. In this dissertation, we put special emphasis on the quantum aspects of the Hawking process encoded in the entanglement shared by the emitted fluxes of created quanta. In particular, we employ sharp tools from quantum information theory to quantify the entanglement produced by the Hawking effect throughout the black hole evaporation process. Our framework allows us to extend previous calculations of entanglement to a larger set of cases, for instance, …

Adaptive Plasmonic Metasurfaces For Radiative Cooling And Passive Thermoregulation, Azadeh Didari-Bader, Nooshin M. Estakhri, Nasim Mohammadi Estrakhri

Engineering Faculty Articles and Research

In this work, we investigate a class of planar photonic structures operating as passive thermoregulators. The radiative cooling process is adjusted through the incorporation of a phase change material (Vanadium Dioxide, VO₂) in conjunction with a layer of transparent conductive oxide (Aluminum-doped Zinc Oxide, AZO). VO₂ is known to undergo a phase transition from the “dielectric” phase to the “plasmonic” or “metallic” phase at a critical temperature close to 68°C. In addition, AZO shows plasmonic properties at the long-wave infrared spectrum, which, combined with VO₂, provides a rich platform to achieve low reflections across the …

Dyonic Taub-Nut-Ads Space Phase Structure, Mohamed Tharwat

Theses and Dissertations

The Taub-NUT spacetime remains to hold many mysteries more than half a century after its discovery. The metric's controversy owes largely to the nut charge and the existence of Misner strings. Traditionally the metric is treated in the euclidean signature, this treatment hides the Misner strings. We treat the Taub-NUT spacetime with the Misner strings visible, not enforcing the time periodicity condition. We examine the phase structure belonging to three different horizon geometries. We deal with the hyperbolic, flat and spherical cases. We consider the stable phases, the phase transitions that exist between them, and find the preferable phases in …

Optimizing Solid Thermal Storage In Insulated Solar Electric Cookers, Stefan Avramov

Physics

Insulated Solar Electric Cookers, more commonly known by their acronym ISECookers, are an alternative to biomass cooking. The ISECooker in its simplest form is a solar panel connected to a heating element, in contact with a cooking pot in an insulated chamber. An aluminum puck can be heated as solid thermal storage (STS) for increased power and night time cooking. Power was limited to about 500 W by the interface between the STS and cookpot. Powdered graphite and silver were separately applied to increase thermal flow. However, the powdered graphite decreased the thermal flow, while powdered silver decreased the temperature …

Characterization Of Boreal-Arctic Vegetation Growth Phases And Active Soil Layer Dynamics In The High-Latitudes Of North America: A Study Combining Multi-Year In Situ And Satellite-Based Observations, Michael G. Brown

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

This dissertation examined the seasonal freeze/thaw activity in boreal-Arctic soils and vegetation physiology in Alaska, USA and Alberta, Canada, using in situ environmental measurements and passive microwave satellite observations. The boreal-Arctic high-latitudes have been experiencing ecosystem changes more rapidly in comparison to the rest of Earth due to the presently warming climatic conditions having a magnified effect over Polar Regions. Currently, the boreal-Arctic is a carbon sink; however, recent studies indicate a shift over the next century to become a carbon source. High-latitude vegetation and cold soil dynamics are influenced by climatic shifts and are largely responsible for the regions …

Experiments And Data Analysis For Modulated Phase Gratings In X-Rays, Sydney B. Carr

LSU Master's Theses

Purpose: Modulated Phase Grating (MPG) interferometry has been shown in theory and simulations to produce observable fringes on a clinical detector without requiring fluence absorbing analyzer. In this work, we will experimentally show that the MPG X-ray system produces observable fringes and multi-modal X-ray images.

Motivation:Nearly 1 in 8 women in the US will develop invasive breast cancer in their lifetime, accounting for approximately 40,000 deaths each year [1-2]. In order to pursue the best treatment option available, cancer itself must be adequately imaged and staged, based on size and level of metastasis, on the order of Stage I-IV. …

Using Deep Neural Networks To Classify Astronomical Images, Andrew D. Macpherson

Honors Projects

As the quantity of astronomical data available continues to exceed the resources available for analysis, recent advances in artificial intelligence encourage the development of automated classification tools. This paper lays out a framework for constructing a deep neural network capable of classifying individual astronomical images by describing techniques to extract and label these objects from large images.

Horizon Content Knowledge And Its Integration Into Physics Education Research: Case Study Analysis On Physical Science And Physics Teachers, Trevor A. Robertson

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Teachers focused on just one year of instruction may neglect what students need most– a coherent structure of learning across disciplines that advances students’ understanding. The topic of coherence has been a major motivator for education research, including investigations in student- teacher interactions, epistemological beliefs, and large-scale curricular reform. One framework of knowledge, horizon content knowledge (HCK), can aid in describing the knowledge a teacher needs to see beyond their own instruction and provide a coherent structure for students.

While horizon content knowledge exists in one of the most widely adopted teacher frameworks of knowledge in mathematics, mathematical knowledge for …