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Mathematics

Cleveland State University

2016

Articles 1 - 23 of 23

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Bezout Inequality For Mixed Volumes, Ivan Soprunov, Artem Zvavitch Dec 2016

Bezout Inequality For Mixed Volumes, Ivan Soprunov, Artem Zvavitch

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

In this paper we consider the following analog of Bezout inequality for mixed volumes: V(P1,…,Pr,Δn−r)Vn(Δ)r−1≤∏i=1rV(Pi,Δn−1) for 2≤r≤n. We show that the above inequality is true when Δ is an n-dimensional simplex and P1,…,Pr are convex bodies in Rn. We conjecture that if the above inequality is true for all convex bodies P1,…,Pr, then Δ must be an n-dimensional simplex. We prove that if the above inequality is true for all convex bodies P1,…,Pr, then Δ must be indecomposable (i.e. cannot be written as the Minkowski sum of two convex bodies which are not homothetic to Δ), which confirms the conjecture …

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Eventual Quasi-Linearity Of The Minkowski Length, Ivan Soprunov, Jenya Soprunova Nov 2016

Eventual Quasi-Linearity Of The Minkowski Length, Ivan Soprunov, Jenya Soprunova

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

The Minkowski length of a lattice polytope PP is a natural generalization of the lattice diameter of PP. It can be defined as the largest number of lattice segments whose Minkowski sum is contained in PP. The famous Ehrhart theorem states that the number of lattice points in the positive integer dilates tPtP of a lattice polytope PP behaves polynomially in t∈Nt∈N. In this paper we prove that for any lattice polytope PP, the Minkowski length of tPtP for t∈Nt∈N is eventually a quasi-polynomial with linear constituents. We also give a formula for the Minkowski length of coordinates boxes, degree …

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Trimethylamine N-Oxide And Mortality Risk In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Vichai Senthong, Zeneng Wang, Yiying Fan, Yuping Wu, Stanley L. Hazen, W.H. Wilson Tang Oct 2016

Trimethylamine N-Oxide And Mortality Risk In Patients With Peripheral Artery Disease, Vichai Senthong, Zeneng Wang, Yiying Fan, Yuping Wu, Stanley L. Hazen, W.H. Wilson Tang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background: Production of the proatherogenic metabolite, trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), from dietary nutrients by intestinal microbiota enhances atherosclerosis development in animal models and is associated with atherosclerotic coronary artery disease in humans. The utility of studying plasma levels of TMAO to risk stratify in patients with peripheral artery disease (PAD) has not been reported. Methods and Results: We examined the relationship between fasting plasma TMAO and all-cause mortality (5-year), stratified by subtypes of PAD and presence of coronary artery disease in 935 patients with PAD who underwent elective angiography for cardiac evaluation at a tertiary care hospital. Median plasma TMAO was …

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On The Geometry Of The Rotating Liquid Drop, Ivailo M. Mladenov, John Oprea Sep 2016

On The Geometry Of The Rotating Liquid Drop, Ivailo M. Mladenov, John Oprea

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Here we consider the problem of a fluid body rotating with a constant angular velocity and subjected to surface tension. Determining the equilibrium configuration of this system turns out to be equivalent to the geometrical problem of determining the surface of revolution with a prescribed mean curvature. In the simply connected case, the equilibrium surface can be parameterized explicitly via elliptic integrals of the first and second kind. Here, we present two such parameterizations of the drops and we use the second of them to study finer details of the drop surfaces such as the existence of closed geodesics.

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Realizing Spaces As Classifying Spaces, Gregory Lupton, Samuel Bruce Smith Aug 2016

Realizing Spaces As Classifying Spaces, Gregory Lupton, Samuel Bruce Smith

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Which spaces occur as a classifying space for fibrations with a given fibre? We address this question in the context of rational homotopy theory. We construct an infinite family of finite complexes realized (up to rational homotopy) as classifying spaces. We also give several non-realization results, including the following: the rational homotopy types of and are not realized as the classifying space of any simply connected, rational space with finite-dimensional homotopy groups.

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Anomalous Fluctuations In The Orientation And Velocity Of Swarming Bacteria, Shawn D. Ryan, Gil Ariel, Avraham Be’Er Jul 2016

Anomalous Fluctuations In The Orientation And Velocity Of Swarming Bacteria, Shawn D. Ryan, Gil Ariel, Avraham Be’Er

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Simultaneous acquisition of phase-contrast light microscopy and fluorescently labeled bacteria, moving within a dense swarm, reveals the intricate interactions between cells and the collective flow around them. By comparing wild-type and immotile cells embedded in a dense wild-type swarm, the effect of the active thrust generated by the flagella can be singled out. It is shown that while the distribution of angles among cell velocity, cell orientation, and the local flow around it is Gaussian-like for immotile bacteria, wild-type cells exhibit anomalous non-Gaussian deviations and are able to move in trajectories perpendicular to the collective flow. Thus, cells can maneuver …

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Characterization Of Simplices Via The Bezout Inequality For Mixed Volumes, Christos Saroglou, Ivan Soprunov, Arten Zvavitch Jun 2016

Characterization Of Simplices Via The Bezout Inequality For Mixed Volumes, Christos Saroglou, Ivan Soprunov, Arten Zvavitch

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

We consider the following Bezout inequality for mixed volumes: V (K1, . . . ,Kr, Δ[n − r])Vn(Δ)r−1 ≤ r i=1 V (Ki, Δ[n − 1]) for 2 ≤ r ≤ n. It was shown previously that the inequality is true for any -dimensional simplex and any convex bodies in . It was conjectured that simplices are the only convex bodies for which the inequality holds for arbitrary bodies in . In this paper we prove that this is indeed the case if we assume that is a convex polytope. Thus the Bezout inequality characterizes simplices in the class of …

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Intestinal Microbiota-Generated Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide And 5-Year Mortality Risk In Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The Contributory Role Of Intestinal Microbiota In A Courage-Like Patient Cohort, Vichai Senthong, Zeneng Wang, Xinmin S. Li, Yiying Fan, Yuping Wu, W. H. Wilson Tang, Stanley L. Hazen Jun 2016

Intestinal Microbiota-Generated Metabolite Trimethylamine-N-Oxide And 5-Year Mortality Risk In Stable Coronary Artery Disease: The Contributory Role Of Intestinal Microbiota In A Courage-Like Patient Cohort, Vichai Senthong, Zeneng Wang, Xinmin S. Li, Yiying Fan, Yuping Wu, W. H. Wilson Tang, Stanley L. Hazen

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background: Trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO), a metabolite derived from gut microbes and dietary phosphatidylcholine, is linked to both coronary artery disease pathogenesis and increased cardiovascular risks. The ability of plasma TMAO to predict 5-year mortality risk in patients with stable coronary artery disease has not been reported. This study examined the clinical prognostic value of TMAO in patients with stable coronary artery disease who met eligibility criteria for a patient cohort similar to that of the Clinical Outcomes Utilizing Revascularization and Aggressive Drug Evaluation (COURAGE) trial. Methods and Results: We examined the relationship between fasting plasma TMAO and all-cause mortality over 5-year …

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Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide, A Gut Microbe–Generated Phosphatidylcholine Metabolite, Is Associated With Atherosclerotic Burden, Vichai Senthong, Xinmin S. Li, Timothy Hudec, John Coughlin, Yuping Wu, Bruce Levison, Zeneng Wang, Stanley L. Hazen, W.H. Wilson Tang Jun 2016

Plasma Trimethylamine N-Oxide, A Gut Microbe–Generated Phosphatidylcholine Metabolite, Is Associated With Atherosclerotic Burden, Vichai Senthong, Xinmin S. Li, Timothy Hudec, John Coughlin, Yuping Wu, Bruce Levison, Zeneng Wang, Stanley L. Hazen, W.H. Wilson Tang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbiota metabolite from dietary phosphatidylcholine, has mechanistic links to atherosclerotic coronary artery disease (CAD) pathogenesis and is associated with adverse outcomes. Objectives: This study sought to examine the relationship between plasma TMAO levels and the complexity and burden of CAD and degree of subclinical myonecrosis. Methods: We studied 353 consecutive stable patients with evidence of atherosclerotic CAD detected by elective coronary angiography between 2012 and 2014. Their high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T (hs-cTnT) levels were measured. SYNTAX (Synergy Between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention With Taxus and Cardiac Surgery) scores and lesion characteristics were used to quantify …

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A Model For Collective Dynamics In Ant Raids, Shawn D. Ryan May 2016

A Model For Collective Dynamics In Ant Raids, Shawn D. Ryan

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Ant raiding, the process of identifying and returning food to the nest or bivouac, is a fascinating example of collective motion in nature. During such raids ants lay pheromones to form trails for others to find a food source. In this work a coupled PDE/ODE model is introduced to study ant dynamics and pheromone concentration. The key idea is the introduction of two forms of ant dynamics: foraging and returning, each governed by different environmental and social cues. The model accounts for all aspects of the raiding cycle including local collisional interactions, the laying of pheromone along a trail, and …

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Usefulness Of Relative Hypochromia In Risk Stratification For Nonanemic Patients With Chronic Heart Failure, Muhammad Hammadah, Marie Luise Brennan, Yuping Wu, Stanley L. Hazen, W.H. Wilson Tang Apr 2016

Usefulness Of Relative Hypochromia In Risk Stratification For Nonanemic Patients With Chronic Heart Failure, Muhammad Hammadah, Marie Luise Brennan, Yuping Wu, Stanley L. Hazen, W.H. Wilson Tang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of a reduction of hemoglobin (Hb) content in the erythrocytes as estimated by mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) on long-term clinical outcomes in nonanemic patients with heart failure (HF). We prospectively enrolled 1,579 subjects with HF who underwent coronary angiography enrolled in the GeneBank study with 5-year follow-up of all-cause mortality. Levels of Hb and MCHC were assessed at enrollment and after 6 months of follow-up. Anemia was defined as Hb levels <13 g/dl in men and <12 g/dl in women. In our nonanemic cohort (n = 785, 49.7%), mean Hb and median MCHC were 13.8 ± 1.1 g/dl and 34.3 g/dL (interquartile range 33.6 to 35), respectively. Nonanemic patients with heart failure with lower MCHC had higher mortality risk (quartiles 1 vs 4, hazard ratio = 2.1, 95% confidence interval 1.4 to 3.3, p = 0.001). In a subset of nonanemic patients with persistent normal Hb on follow-up (n = 206), the mean time between baseline and follow-up MCHC levels was 169.3 ± 41.6 days. In comparison with patients with levels of MCHC more than the first quartile (≥33.6 g/dl) on baseline and follow-up, patients with persistently low MCHC (<33.6 g/dl) had a significantly increased mortality risk (log rank <0.001). All models remained significant even after adjusting for traditional cardiac risk factors, left ventricular ejection fraction, baseline Hb levels, and mean corpuscular volume. In conclusion, relative hypochromia is an independent predictor of increased mortality risk in patients with HF, even in the setting of normal Hb levels.

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Gut Microbial Metabolite Tmao Enhances Platelet Hyperreactivity And Thrombosis Risk, Weifei Zhu, Jill C. Gregory, Elin Org, Jennifer A. Buffa, Nilaksh Gupta, Zeneng Wang, Lin Li, Xiaoming Fu, Yuping Wu, Margarete Mehrabian, R. Balfour Sartor, Thomas M. Mcintyre, Roy L. Silverstein, W.H. Wilson Tang, Joseph A. Didonato, J. Mark Brown, Aldons J. Lusis, Stanley L. Hazen Mar 2016

Gut Microbial Metabolite Tmao Enhances Platelet Hyperreactivity And Thrombosis Risk, Weifei Zhu, Jill C. Gregory, Elin Org, Jennifer A. Buffa, Nilaksh Gupta, Zeneng Wang, Lin Li, Xiaoming Fu, Yuping Wu, Margarete Mehrabian, R. Balfour Sartor, Thomas M. Mcintyre, Roy L. Silverstein, W.H. Wilson Tang, Joseph A. Didonato, J. Mark Brown, Aldons J. Lusis, Stanley L. Hazen

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Normal platelet function is critical to blood hemostasis and maintenance of a closed circulatory system. Heightened platelet reactivity, however, is associated with cardiometabolic diseases and enhanced potential for thrombotic events. We now show gut microbes, through generation of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), directly contribute to platelet hyperreactivity and enhanced thrombosis potential. Plasma TMAO levels in subjects (n > 4,000) independently predicted incident (3 years) thrombosis (heart attack, stroke) risk. Direct exposure of platelets to TMAO enhanced sub-maximal stimulus-dependent platelet activation from multiple agonists through augmented Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Animal model studies employing dietary choline or TMAO, germ-free mice, and microbial …

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Effective Rheological Properties In Semi-Dilute Bacterial Suspensions, Mykhailo Potomkin, Shawn D. Ryan, Leonid Berlyand Mar 2016

Effective Rheological Properties In Semi-Dilute Bacterial Suspensions, Mykhailo Potomkin, Shawn D. Ryan, Leonid Berlyand

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Interactions between swimming bacteria have led to remarkable experimentally observable macroscopic properties such as the reduction in the effective viscosity, enhanced mixing, and diffusion. In this work, we study an individual-based model for a suspension of interacting point dipoles representing bacteria in order to gain greater insight into the physical mechanisms responsible for the drastic reduction in the effective viscosity. In particular, asymptotic analysis is carried out on the corresponding kinetic equation governing the distribution of bacteria orientations. This allows one to derive an explicit asymptotic formula for the effective viscosity of the bacterial suspension in the limit of bacterium …

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A Remark On The Global Dynamics Of Competitive Systems On Ordered Banach Spaces, King Yeung Lam, Daniel Munther Mar 2016

A Remark On The Global Dynamics Of Competitive Systems On Ordered Banach Spaces, King Yeung Lam, Daniel Munther

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

A well-known result in [Hsu-Smith-Waltman, Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. (1996)] states that in a competitive semiflow defined on , the product of two cones in respective Banach spaces, if and are the global attractors in and respectively, then one of the following three outcomes is possible for the two competitors: either there is at least one coexistence steady state, or one of attracts all trajectories initiating in the order interval . However, it was demonstrated by an example that in some cases neither nor is globally asymptotically stable if we broaden our scope to all of . In this paper, …

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Increased Mortality With Elevated Plasma Endothelin-1 In Acute Heart Failure: An Ascend-Hf Biomarker Substudy, Antonio L. Perez, Justin L. Grodin, Yuping Wu, Adrian F. Hernandez, Javed Butler, Marco Metra, Michael G. Felker, Adriaan A. Voors, John J. Mcmurray, Paul W. Armstrong, Randall C. Starling, Christopher M. O'Connor, W. H. Wilson Tang Mar 2016

Increased Mortality With Elevated Plasma Endothelin-1 In Acute Heart Failure: An Ascend-Hf Biomarker Substudy, Antonio L. Perez, Justin L. Grodin, Yuping Wu, Adrian F. Hernandez, Javed Butler, Marco Metra, Michael G. Felker, Adriaan A. Voors, John J. Mcmurray, Paul W. Armstrong, Randall C. Starling, Christopher M. O'Connor, W. H. Wilson Tang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Aims: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is an endogenous vasoconstrictor implicated in pulmonary and systemic hypertension, as well as ventricular dysfunction, through effects on vascular smooth muscle, the kidneys, and cardiomyocytes. We aimed to determine the association between serial ET-1 levels and acute heart failure patient outcomes. Methods and results: We measured plasma ET-1 at baseline, 48–72 h, and 30 days in a cohort of 872 patients hospitalized with acute heart failure from the ASCEND-HF trial (randomized to nesiritide vs. placebo), and its association with 30-day mortality, 180-day mortality, in-hospital death or worsening heart failure, and 30-day mortality or rehospitalization. Median ET-1 was …

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A Transformation Class For Spatio-Temporal Survival Data With A Cure Fraction, Sandra M. Hurtado Rua, Dipak K. Dey Feb 2016

A Transformation Class For Spatio-Temporal Survival Data With A Cure Fraction, Sandra M. Hurtado Rua, Dipak K. Dey

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

We propose a hierarchical Bayesian methodology to model spatially or spatio-temporal clustered survival data with possibility of cure. A flexible continuous transformation class of survival curves indexed by a single parameter is used. This transformation model is a larger class of models containing two special cases of the well-known existing models: the proportional hazard and the proportional odds models. The survival curve is modeled as a function of a baseline cumulative distribution function, cure rates, and spatio-temporal frailties. The cure rates are modeled through a covariate link specification and the spatial frailties are specified using a conditionally autoregressive model with …

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Curvature-Driven Foam Coarsening On A Sphere: A Computer Simulation, Shawn D. Ryan, Xiaoyu Zheng, Peter Palffy-Muhoray Jan 2016

Curvature-Driven Foam Coarsening On A Sphere: A Computer Simulation, Shawn D. Ryan, Xiaoyu Zheng, Peter Palffy-Muhoray

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

The von Neumann-Mullins law for the area evolution of a cell in the plane describes how a dry foam coarsens in time. Recent theory and experiment suggest that the dynamics are different on the surface of a three-dimensional object such as a sphere. This work considers the dynamics of dry foams on the surface of a sphere. Starting from first principles, we use computer simulation to show that curvature-driven motion of the cell boundaries leads to exponential growth and decay of the areas of cells, in contrast to the planar case where the growth is linear. We describe the evolution …

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Unraveling The Dose-Response Puzzle Of L. Monocytogenes: A Mechanistic Approach, S. M.Ashrafur Rahman, Daniel Munther, Aamir Fazil, Ben Smith, Jianhong Wu Jan 2016

Unraveling The Dose-Response Puzzle Of L. Monocytogenes: A Mechanistic Approach, S. M.Ashrafur Rahman, Daniel Munther, Aamir Fazil, Ben Smith, Jianhong Wu

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Food-borne disease outbreaks caused by Listeria monocytogenes continue to impose heavy burdens on public health in North America and globally. To explore the threat L. monocytogenes presents to the elderly, pregnant woman and immuno-compromised individuals, many studies have focused on in-host infection mechanisms and risk evaluation in terms of dose-response outcomes. However, the connection of these two foci has received little attention, leaving risk prediction with an insufficient mechanistic basis. Consequently, there is a critical need to quantifiably link in-host infection pathways with the dose-response paradigm. To better understand these relationships, we propose a new mathematical model to describe the …

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Modeling Cross-Contamination During Poultry Processing: Dynamics In The Chiller Tank, Daniel Munther, Xiaodan Sun, Yanni Xiao, Sanyi Tang, Helio Shimozako, Jianhong Wu, Ben A. Smith, Aamir Fazil Jan 2016

Modeling Cross-Contamination During Poultry Processing: Dynamics In The Chiller Tank, Daniel Munther, Xiaodan Sun, Yanni Xiao, Sanyi Tang, Helio Shimozako, Jianhong Wu, Ben A. Smith, Aamir Fazil

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Understanding mechanisms of cross-contamination during poultry processing is vital for effective pathogen control. As an initial step toward this goal, we develop a mathematical model of the chilling process in a typical high speed Canadian processing plant. An important attribute of our model is that it provides quantifiable links between processing control parameters and microbial levels, simplifying the complexity of these relationships for implementation into risk assessment models. We apply our model to generic, non-pathogenic Escherichia coli contamination on broiler carcasses, connecting microbial control with chlorine sanitization, organic load in the water, and pre-chiller E. coli levels on broiler carcasses. …

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Prognostic Value Of Baseline And Changes In Circulating Soluble St2 Levels And The Effects Of Nesiritide In Acute Decompensated Heart Failure, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Justin L. Grodin, Amy P. Hsu, Adrian F. Hernandez, Javed Butler, Marco Metra, Adriaan A. Voors, Michael G. Felker, Richard W. Troughton, Roger M. Mills, John J. Mcmurray, Paul W. Armstrong, Christopher M. O'Connor, Randall C. Starling Jan 2016

Prognostic Value Of Baseline And Changes In Circulating Soluble St2 Levels And The Effects Of Nesiritide In Acute Decompensated Heart Failure, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Justin L. Grodin, Amy P. Hsu, Adrian F. Hernandez, Javed Butler, Marco Metra, Adriaan A. Voors, Michael G. Felker, Richard W. Troughton, Roger M. Mills, John J. Mcmurray, Paul W. Armstrong, Christopher M. O'Connor, Randall C. Starling

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Objectives: The study sought to investigate the association between soluble growth stimulation expressed gene 2 (sST2) level and adverse outcomes in acute heart failure (HF). Background: Several studies have demonstrated the prognostic utility of sST2 levels in HF.Methods: sST2 levels were measured in sequential baseline and follow-up (48 to 72 h and 30 days) plasma samples from 858 acute HF subjects enrolled in the ASCEND-HF (Acute Study of Clinical Effectiveness of Nesiritide in Decompensated Heart Failure) trial biomarker substudy and were related to in-hospital and post-discharge clinical outcomes. Results: Higher sST2 levels were associated with increased death risk at 180 …

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The Effect Of Regional Analgesia On Vascular Tone In Hip Arthroplasty Patients, Enrique A. Goytizolo, Ottokar Stundner, Sandra M. Hurtado Rua, Dorothy Marcello, Valeria Buschiazzo, Ansara M. Vaz, Stavros G. Memtsoudis Jan 2016

The Effect Of Regional Analgesia On Vascular Tone In Hip Arthroplasty Patients, Enrique A. Goytizolo, Ottokar Stundner, Sandra M. Hurtado Rua, Dorothy Marcello, Valeria Buschiazzo, Ansara M. Vaz, Stavros G. Memtsoudis

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background: While it is assumed that neuraxial analgesia and pain management may beneficially influence perioperative hemodynamics, few studies provided data quantifying such effects and none have assessed the potential contribution of the addition of a nerve block. Questions/purposes: This clinical trial compared the visual analog scale (VAS) scores and measurement of arterial tone using augmentation index of patients who received combined spinal-epidural (CSE) only to patients who received both CSE and lumbar plexus block. Methods: After obtaining written consent, 92 patients undergoing total hip arthroplasty were randomized to receive either CSE or CSE with lumbar plexus block (LPB). Perioperative pain …

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Choline Diet And Its Gut Microbe–Derived Metabolite, Trimethylamine N-Oxide, Exacerbate Pressure Overload–Induced Heart Failure, Chelsea L. Organ, Hiroyuki Otsuka, Shashi Bhushan, Zeneng Wang, Jessica Bradley, Rishi Trivedi, David J. Polhemus, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Stanley L. Hazen, David J. Lefer Jan 2016

Choline Diet And Its Gut Microbe–Derived Metabolite, Trimethylamine N-Oxide, Exacerbate Pressure Overload–Induced Heart Failure, Chelsea L. Organ, Hiroyuki Otsuka, Shashi Bhushan, Zeneng Wang, Jessica Bradley, Rishi Trivedi, David J. Polhemus, W.H. Wilson Tang, Yuping Wu, Stanley L. Hazen, David J. Lefer

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background—Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbe–dependent metabolite of dietary choline and other trimethylamine-containing nutrients, is both elevated in the circulation of patients having heart failure and heralds worse overall prognosis. In animal studies, dietary choline or TMAO significantly accelerates atherosclerotic lesion development in ApoE-deficient mice, and reduction in TMAO levels inhibits atherosclerosis development in the low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout mouse. Methods and Results—C57BL6/J mice were fed either a control diet, a diet containing choline (1.2%) or a diet containing TMAO (0.12%) starting 3 weeks before surgical transverse aortic constriction. Mice were studied for 12 weeks after transverse aortic constriction. Cardiac …

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Elevated Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 And Placental-Like Growth Factor Levels Are Associated With Development And Mortality Risk In Heart Failure, Muhammad Hammadah, Vasiliki V. Georgiopoulou, Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Malory Weber, Xi Wang, Michael A. Samara, Yuping Wu, Javed Butler, W.H. Wilson Tang Jan 2016

Elevated Soluble Fms-Like Tyrosine Kinase-1 And Placental-Like Growth Factor Levels Are Associated With Development And Mortality Risk In Heart Failure, Muhammad Hammadah, Vasiliki V. Georgiopoulou, Andreas P. Kalogeropoulos, Malory Weber, Xi Wang, Michael A. Samara, Yuping Wu, Javed Butler, W.H. Wilson Tang

Mathematics and Statistics Faculty Publications

Background—Vascular endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in the progression of heart failure (HF). We hypothesize that elevated levels of vascular markers, placental-like growth factor, and soluble Fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) are associated with adverse outcomes in patients with HF. We also assessed possible triggers of sFlt-1 elevation in animal HF models. Methods and Results—We measured plasma placental-like growth factor and sFlt-1 in 791 HF patients undergoing elective coronary angiogram. Median (interquartile range) placental-like growth factor and sFlt-1 levels were 24 (20–29) and 382 (277–953) pg/mL, respectively. After 5 years of follow-up, and after using receiver operator characteristic curves …

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