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Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Ecoregions And Subregions Of Iowa: A Framework For Water Quality Assessment And Management, Glenn E. Griffith, James M. Omernik, Thomas F. Wilton, Suzanne M. Pierson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Ecoregion frameworks are valuable tools for inventorying and assessing environmental resources, for setting resource management goals, and for developing biological criteria and water quality standards. In a collaborative project between the Iowa Department of Natural Resources (DNR) and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), we have refined boundaries of the EPA's five ecological regions of Iowa and defined six subregions of the Western Corn Belt Plains ecoregion within the state. Lists of candidate stream reference sites have been developed to date for the seven largest regions, and the sites were visited and evaluated by Iowa DNR and U.S. EPA personnel …

Analysis Of An Iowa Aridity Index In Relationship To Climate And Crop Yield, Soumare Harouna, R. E. Carlson

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

An aridity index and its components, temperature and precipitation, for the period from 1900 through April 1993 were defined and characterized. This index describes the anomalous behavior of both temperature and precipitation over time. Our intent was to examine climate variability in Iowa. Moving mean and standard deviations over various lengths of time were calculated from three time series. We found that these indices fluctuate considerably from year to year and from month to month. The lowest aridity index values occurred in the recent summer of 1992, and the highest occurred during the very drought-prone 1930s. The 12-month moving mean …

Relation Between S2 And Later Generation Testcrosses Of Two Corn Populations, S. M. Lile, A. R. Hallauer

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Determination of the relative combining abilities of corn (Zea mays L.) inbred lines is an important feature of applied corn breeding programs. Combining ability is measured by the relative performance of a line in testcrosses to one or more testers. Inbred lines from BS13(S2)Cl and BSCB1(R)C7 corn populations were evaluated at the S₂ and later generations of inbreeding. Intense selection was practiced among and within lines during inbreeding to develop the S₅-equivalent and S₈ generation lines. The objective of this study was to determine if the combining ability of lines in early generations (S₂) …

Editorial Board & Iowa Academy Of Science Officers And Directors

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Nuclear Waste Into Glass: Viscosities Of Molten Analogs Of Radioactive Waste Disposal Media, Betty Pang, Kenneth E. Windom

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Disposal of high-level radioactive wastes involves vitrification of a mixture of waste products and borosilicate glass frit. Monitoring the composition of the mixture is critical to the control of the vitrification process, bur is difficult because of the high levels or radioactive components in the mixture. Synthetic non-radioactive analogs of the products from nuclear reprocessing have been prepared and their viscosities measured over a wide range of temperature appropriate to those of the vitrification process. Preliminary results indicate that viscosity is a linear function of composition, under isothermal conditions, for a limited compositional range that encompasses the proportions of waste …

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Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Note To Members And Subscribers, Paul E. Rider

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

No abstract provided.

Water Quality Monitoring (1988 To 1991) At The Iowa Academy Of Science's Parish Farm, Grundy County, Iowa, Brenda K. Nations, George R. Hallberg

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

In May 1988 sampling was initiated to evaluate water quality in relation to management practices at Parish Farm, which is owned by Iowa Academy of Science. Initial results showed tile-line effluent to have high concentrations of nitrate-nitrogen (N0₃-N). Twelve monitoring wells were installed over a one year period to analyze shallow groundwater at the farm. The wells, tile lines, and surface water were sampled monthly, through October, 1991, and the water analyzed for N0₃-N and some pesticides. N0₃-N concentrations varied, related to landuse and management of adjacent areas. Greater N0₃-N concentrations were …

Nomenclatural Changes For Some Diatoms Found In Iowa, David B. Czarnecki

Journal of the Iowa Academy of Science: JIAS

Nomenclatural revisions for four diatom taxa found in Iowa, two of which are presently maintained in the Loras College Freshwater Diatom Culture Collection (FDCC), are necessary because of systematic interpretations of the Division Bacillariophyta. Achnanthidium hauckianum (Grun.) Czarnecki comb. nov. was originally assigned to the genus Achnanthes Bory. Three taxa were previously assigned to the morphologically diverse genus Navicula Bory. These are Cavinula weinzierlii (Schimanski) Czarnecki comb. nov., Craticula cuspidata var. major [(Meist.) Czarnecki comb. nov. and] Craticula halophila var. subcapitata (0str.) Czarnecki comb. nov.

Ua3/8/1 L.Y. Lancaster Professorship Report, Wku Ogden College Of Science & Technology

WKU Archives Records

Report of activities by Dr. Blaine Ferrell, L.Y. Lancaster Professor for the year 1993-94, funded by Ogden Foundation.

Rally Round! A Guide To Environmental Action Projects For Grades 4-7, Virginia Bay Team, Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program

Reports

No abstract provided.

Potential Range Of The Zebra Mussel, Dreissena Polymorpha, In And Near Virginia, Patrick Baker, Shirley Baker, Roger L. Mann

Reports

This publication is devoted to predictions of the probability of invasion by the zebra mussel, Dreissena polymorpha (and the quagga mussel, Dreissena sp.) to specific bodies of water in Virginia. Probability of invasion is divided into risk and susceptibility. Risk refers to the chance, relative to other sites, that a body of water will be inoculated with Dreissena, in sufficient number to establish a population. Inoculation can occur by natural dispersal, but in the mid-Atlantic region is most likely to-occur though accidental introduction by humans, especially via boat traffic. Susceptibility of a body of water refers to the probability, based …

Invasion Of An Exotic Species : Stop The Zebra Mussel! Activities And Resources For Grades 8-12., Vicki P. Clark, Thomas J. Millar

Reports

No abstract provided.

Mechanisms Of Larval Spot Transport And Recruitment To The Chesapeake Bay, Deborah A. Bodolus

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

The spot (Leiostomus xanthurus) is an important commercial and recreational species in Virginia. Recruitment of juveniles to the Bay is characterized by large interannual fluctuations, that can be explained by the sequence and direction of wind during various phases of the early life history. An environmentally-modified Ricker stock-recruitment curve was developed incorporating the southeasterly winds in November-December, the southerly winds in January-March, and the westerly winds in April-May. This model explained 81% of the variation and closely paralleled the VIMS Juvenile Spot Index. Spot from the Chesapeake Bay migrate south in fall to spawn near or south of Cape Hatteras. …

Use Of A Landscape-Level Approach To Determine The Habitat Requirements Of The Yellow-Crowned Night-Heron, Nycticorax Violaceus, In The Lower Chesapeake Bay, Ellen L. Bentley

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Land Resources Of The Northam Region, Neil Clifton Lantzke, I Fulton

Land resources series

This report presents soil and landform mapping of about one million hectares in the Avon Valley and central wheatbelt of Western Australia at scale of 1:100,000. The study area spans from the lateritic plateau of the Darling Range to the broad, flat landscape of the wheatbelt and covers four broad physiographic regions: • the Zone of Ancient Drainage; • the Zone of Rejuvenated Drainage; • the West Kokeby Zone; and • the Darling Range Zone. Twenty-five soil landscape units were identified and mapped on the accompanying map sheets. A soil landscape unit is an area of land that occurs in …

Careful Clip Preparation Will Increase Profit, Peter Metcalfe, Ric Collins

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

The current wool market has forced wool growers into producing the maximum number of kilograms of quality wool for the least cost. Preparation of the clip is now much more important to maximise possible net returns. Careful clip preparation will ensure that growers receive the maximum overall average price for each kilogram of wool in the clip.

How Sustainable Is Grazing Sheep On Annual Pastures In The Woolbelt?, Don Mcfarlane, Richard George

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

Low wool prices have reduced the profitability of producing wool from clover-based annual pastures in the south-western woo/belt. The heavy reliance on one commodity is economically unsustainable for many farmers. But we should also consider how ecologically sustainable the practice is.

Shallow-rooted annual pastures contribute to widespread salinity in the area, annual legumes are acidifying the soils and making them water repellent, and bare, detached soils from heavy grazing cause sheet and rill erosion during autumn storms. In addition, stock are degrading remnant vegetation and destroying the soil's structure.

To counteract this degradation, the woo/belt needs more perennial pastures and …

Red Mud : Cutting Pollution And Boosting Yields, Rob Summers

Journal of the Department of Agriculture, Western Australia, Series 4

A by-product from the refining of bauxite ore in the South-West is proving a bonus for agriculture.

When spread over the land, not only is it improving soil quality, but it is helping to prevent leaching of phosphorus and the consequent massive algal blooms in the waterways.

Bauxite residue is also showing considerable promise in human and animal effluent disposal systems, composting urban refuse, sewage treatments and as a road base.

Western Australia is now in the forefront of this research which is attracting world-wide interest.

The Effects Of Contaminated Sediment On The Epidermal Goblet Cells Of The Mummichog, Fundulus Heteroclitus, Laurent C. Mézin

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Secretion of mucus by epidermal goblet cells is an important first line of defense for teleosts. It protects them against many of the biological, physical and chemical insults they encounter in their environment. This project monitored changes in hemoglobin concentration in epidermal mucus and in the density, diameter and mucus quality of epidermal goblet cells in the mummichog, Fundulus heteroclitus, following exposure to creosote-contaminated sediment. Male fish (200) were exposed for 13 days in flowthough aquaria to either an uncontaminated reference sediment or contaminated sediment containing 30% Elizabeth River sediment. Fish were sampled on Days 0, 3, 7 and 13. …

Measurement Of In Situ Eelgrass Community Metabolism In Standing And Flowing Waters: Methods And Models, William James Seufzer

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.

Aquatic Macrophytes Of Two Small Northwest Arkansas Reservoirs, John J. Sullivan, Arthur V. Brown

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Lake Fayetteville and Lake Wedington are small reservoirs of about the same size and age that are located in northwestern Arkansas. We collected macrophytes from eleven transects around each reservoir in the autumn of 1993. Justicia (waterwillow), Typha (cat-tail), Scirpus (bulrush), Potamogeton (pondweed), and Zannichellia (horned pondweed) occur in both reservoirs. Justicia occurs most commonly in both reservoirs. The macrophytes of Lake Wedington are organized in a characteristic zonation pattern with bands from shore toward open water of emergent, floating-leaved, then submersed macrophytes. Macrophyte zonation was not as evident in Lake Fayetteville because of the low occurrence of floating leaved …

Thermal Decomposition Studies Of Selected Transition Metal Polysulfide Complexes. Ii. Effect Of Atmosphere On Decomposition, Benjamin Rougeau, Mark Draganjac

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

Initial studies involved the thermal decomposition profile of five polysulfide complexes in air up to 550 °C. Since our first report to the Academy in 1990, we have obtained the capability to run samples up to 1500°C under various gases. Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA) and Differential Thermal Analysis (DTA)of a series of transition metal polysulfide complexes are presented. Compounds analyzed included Cp2TiS5 ,MoS9 2",MoOS8 2", Zn(S x ) 2", Cd(S x ) 2-, Fe2S122 - and NiS82.

Effective, Reliable, Inexpensive Cryofixation Device, Lawrence A. Mink, Roger A. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Striped Bass Stocks In Virginia, Monitoring And Tagging Studies, 1993-1994 Annual Report, 1 September 1993 - 31 August 1994, Bruce W. Hill, Joseph G. Loesch

Reports

No abstract provided.

Modeling Daily Production Of Aquatic Macrophytes From Irradiance Measurements: A Comparative Analysis, Richard C. Zimmerman, Alejandro C. Pasini, Randall S. Alberte

OES Faculty Publications

The importance of submerged aquatic macrophytes to coastal ecosystems has generated a need for knowledge of minimum light levels that will support the maintenance and restoration of healthy populations. Our goals were (1) to evaluate the sensitivity to natural, non-sinusoidal fluctuations in irradiance I of analytical integration techniques for calculating daily carbon gain, (2) to evaluate the H_sat (the daily period of I-saturated photosynthesis) model of daily production relative to models based on instantaneous photosynthesis vs irradiance (P vs I) and (3) to provide some guidance for the temporal density of irradiance data required for accurate estimation of …

Assessment Of Genetic Diversity Of Seagrass Populations Using Dna Fingerprinting: Implications For Population Stability And Management, Randall S. Alberte, Gregory K. Suba, Gabriele Procaccini, Richard C. Zimmerman, Steven R. Fain

OES Faculty Publications

Populations of the temperate seagrass, Zostera marina L. (eelgrass), often exist as discontinuous beds in estuaries, harbors, and bays where they can reproduce sexually or vegetatively through clonal propagation. We examined the genetic structure of three geographically and morphologically distinct populations from central California (Elkhorn Slough, Tomales Bay, and Del Monte Beach), using multilocus restriction fragment length polymorphisms (DNA fingerprints). Within-population genetic similarity (S_w) values for the three eelgrass populations ranged from 0.44 to 0.68. The Tomales Bay population located in an undisturbed, littoral site possessed a within-population genetic similarity (S_w = 0.44) that was significantly lower …

A Comparison Of A Validated Otolith Method To Age Weakfish, Cynoscion Regalis, With The Traditional Scale Method, Susan K. Lowerre-Barbieri, Mark E. Chittenden Jr., Cynthia M. Jones

OES Faculty Publications

Otoliths, scales, dorsal spines, and pectoral-fin rays were compared to ascertain the best hardpart for determining the age of weakfish, Cynoscion regalis. Each showed concentric marks, which could be interpreted as annuli. Sectioned otoliths, however, consistently showed the clearest marks, had 100% agreement between and within readers, and were validated by the marginal increment method for ages 1-5. This validated method of ageing weakfish was then compared with the traditionally used scale method. The scale method was less precise, as demonstrated by lower percent agreement, and generally assigned younger ages for fish older than age 6 (as determined by …