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Articles 1 - 30 of 55
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Moving Forward: Preventing Water Shortage For Nevada, Sandra Blandon, Brianna Lyon
Moving Forward: Preventing Water Shortage For Nevada, Sandra Blandon, Brianna Lyon
Anthropology 100: Feast and Famine In a Global World Poster Assignment
Southern Nevada is located in the arid Mojave Desert, which averages about 4 inches of rain each year. Southern Nevada gets about 90% of its water supply from the Colorado River. Seven western states and Mexico share the river. This means that The Colorado River provides water to 25 million people.
Strategies To Minimize The Effects Of Drought, Gary Bates
Strategies To Minimize The Effects Of Drought, Gary Bates
Kentucky Grazing Conference
As this summer has shown, forage production from cool-season pasture and hay fields across the state can be dramatically affected by drought. Pastures that consist of cool-season grasses like tall fescue and orchardgrass have been severely overgrazed, and many may have lost some significant stand. Even if you have reseeded these fields, the question is how to prevent having the same problem next year. One of the best practices is to develop a forage program that doesn’t rely on cool-season grasses for summer production, but selects forage species that are better able to produce during periods of limited rainfall and …
Grassfed Beef From A Global Perspective, Glen Aiken
Grassfed Beef From A Global Perspective, Glen Aiken
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Beef production and marketing has been shifting over the last few decades in response to unstable cattle markets, higher input costs, and a need to better meet market demands. Advancement of vertical integration of the production and marketing of beef calves through retained ownership from suckling calf to feedyard has certainly enhanced the genetics of the U.S. beef herd and improved the consistency of beef products. Another shift in production has been an increased number of grassfed cattle (grass finished) for marketing either organic or locally grown beef. These niche markets have developed primarily from concerns of urban consumers regarding …
The Cost Of Pasture Versus Hay, Kenneth H. Burdine
The Cost Of Pasture Versus Hay, Kenneth H. Burdine
Kentucky Grazing Conference
Whenever I discuss the economics of grazing, I like to start by thinking about hay production costs. Regardless of which species we are talking about, a livestock producer should know what his / her most expensive feeding days are. In most cases, these will be winter feeding days, and that will generally consist of feeding either purchased or home-grown hay. So, I encourage producers to start by getting a solid feel for what their daily winter feeding costs are. For the purposes of this article, I am going to present some specific estimates for winter feeding costs, and other items, …
Pastures For Horses, Robert Coleman
Pastures For Horses, Robert Coleman
Kentucky Grazing Conference
For horse owners, the use of pasture in the daily management of their horses provides both exercise for the horses, but also is a valuable source of nutrients. Horse feeding programs are based on forage and pasture is an excellent means to supply nutrients. To make effective use of the forage, horse owners need to manage both the horse and the grass.
Winter Annuals And Short Term Perennials For Grazing, S. Ray Smith
Winter Annuals And Short Term Perennials For Grazing, S. Ray Smith
Kentucky Grazing Conference
During the last 5 years there has been a renewed interest in winter annual and short term perennials for grazing and for stored feed. There are many sources of information on this subject. I especially encourage you to read the new publication written by Dr. Garry Lacefield and colleagues, “Extending Grazing and Reducing Stored Feed Needs”. I have used information from this publication and other publications from the University of Kentucky Forage Website (www.uky.edu/Ag/Forage) in writing this article. This website contains many use publications on the subject of winter annuals and variety trial information on annual ryegrass and …
Novel Endophyte Tall Fescue, Garry D. Lacefield
Novel Endophyte Tall Fescue, Garry D. Lacefield
Kentucky Grazing Conference
“Novel” endophyte is a term used to describe a “good” or “friendly” fungus (endophyte) in tall fescue as opposed to the endophyte that’s present if over eighty-five percent of the tall fescue in the Fescue Belt of the USA. This endophyte is costing beef producers an estimated $1 Billion dollars in losses from animal gains, reproduction and overall performance.
Forages On My Farm, Brent White
Foreword And Kfgc Award Winners [2012], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Foreword And Kfgc Award Winners [2012], Garry D. Lacefield, Christi L. Forsythe
Kentucky Grazing Conference
No abstract provided.
Water Supply Planning: Finding Our Hidden Reservoirs, Rebecca L. Haynes
Water Supply Planning: Finding Our Hidden Reservoirs, Rebecca L. Haynes
S.C. Water Resources Conference
2012 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Exploring Opportunities for Collaborative Water Research, Policy and Management
Spatially Explicit Decision Support For Watershed Management On Military Lands: Stream Integrity, Interactive Programming, And Best Management Practices, J Pike, D Lipscomb, R Baldwin, W English
Spatially Explicit Decision Support For Watershed Management On Military Lands: Stream Integrity, Interactive Programming, And Best Management Practices, J Pike, D Lipscomb, R Baldwin, W English
S.C. Water Resources Conference
2012 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Exploring Opportunities for Collaborative Water Research, Policy and Management
Turning Analysis Into Action: Targeting Likely Sources Of Watershed Impairment, Katy R. Beckham, Christine Boring, Mark White
Turning Analysis Into Action: Targeting Likely Sources Of Watershed Impairment, Katy R. Beckham, Christine Boring, Mark White
S.C. Water Resources Conference
2012 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Exploring Opportunities for Collaborative Water Research, Policy and Management
A Case Study In Watershed-Based Plan Development And Implementation For The May River Watershed In Bluffton, Sc, Kimberly W. Jones, Ronald Bullman
A Case Study In Watershed-Based Plan Development And Implementation For The May River Watershed In Bluffton, Sc, Kimberly W. Jones, Ronald Bullman
S.C. Water Resources Conference
2012 S.C. Water Resources Conference - Exploring Opportunities for Collaborative Water Research, Policy and Management
Variation Analysis For Fiber Quality Traits Among Different Positionsin Eight Upland Cotton Cultivars, Yi Xu, Johnie N. Jenkins, Jack C. Mccarty, Jixiang Wu
Variation Analysis For Fiber Quality Traits Among Different Positionsin Eight Upland Cotton Cultivars, Yi Xu, Johnie N. Jenkins, Jack C. Mccarty, Jixiang Wu
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Equivalencyof fiber quality within a plant of upland cotton, Gossypium hirsutum L., is very important. There are several traits within a plant that can be used to measure fiber quality and five of those traits will be investigated. Eight representative upland cultivars were grown at the Plant Science Research Farm at Mississippi State University in 1986 and five fiber traits: micronaire, fiber elongation, 2.5% and 50% span length, and fiber strength, were measured at different plant locations. The analysis of the study was modeled after a crop stability analysis with plant locations being treated as environments in the analysis. Three …
Towards Better Fdr Procedures For Discrete Test Statistics, Xiongzhi Chen, R. W. Doerge
Towards Better Fdr Procedures For Discrete Test Statistics, Xiongzhi Chen, R. W. Doerge
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
The false discovery rate (FDR) has been a widely used error measure in situations where a large number of tests are conducted simultaneously. Most methods that control the FDR at a prespeci ed level, or estimate the FDR of a multiple testing procedure (FDR procedures), were essentially developed for continuous test statistics. As such, their performances need to be carefully assessed when applied to discrete test statistics. We review some popular FDR procedures, point out a key reason for their excessive conservativeness when applied to discrete p-values, and suggest an improvement for these methods for such p-values.
Statistical Considerations When Using Hysteresis To Estimate Internal Heat Load In Dairy Cows, S. Maynes, A. M. Parkhurst
Statistical Considerations When Using Hysteresis To Estimate Internal Heat Load In Dairy Cows, S. Maynes, A. M. Parkhurst
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Water is often used to manage heat stress in dairy cattle. Sprinklers are often placed over the feed bunk or used while cattle are waiting to be milked, however in this experiment cattle were given control over water with a cow-activated shower. Previous studies have focused on how wetting can lower body emperature or reduce respiration rates. An alternative way to investigate this management practice is to examine internal heat loads. Internal heat load can be quantified by fitting a hysteresis loop to daily field data. The hysteresis loop is formed by a phase diagram of body temperature versus an …
The Nuances Of Statistically Analyzing Next-Generation Sequencing Data, Sanvesh Srivastava, R. W. Doerge
The Nuances Of Statistically Analyzing Next-Generation Sequencing Data, Sanvesh Srivastava, R. W. Doerge
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
High-throughput sequencing technologies, in particular next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, have emerged as the preferred approach for exploring both gene function and pathway organization. Data from NGS technologies pose new computational and statistical challenges because of their massive size, limited replicate information, large number of genes (high-dimensionality), and discrete form. They are more complex than data from previous high-throughput technologies such as microarrays. In this work we focus on the statistical issues in analyzing and modeling NGS data for selecting genes suitable for further exploration and present a brief review of the relevant statistical methods. We discuss visualization methods to assess …
Treatment Heterogeneity And Potential Outcomes In Linear Mixed Effects Models, Troy E. Richardson, Gary L. Gadbury
Treatment Heterogeneity And Potential Outcomes In Linear Mixed Effects Models, Troy E. Richardson, Gary L. Gadbury
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Studies commonly focus on estimating a mean treatment effect in a population. However, in some applications the variability of treatment effects across individual units may help to characterize the overall effect of a treatment across the population. Consider a set of treatments, {T,C}, where T denotes some treatment that might be applied to an experimental unit and C denotes a control. For each of N experimental units, the duplet {rTᵢ,rCᵢ}, i = 1,2, … , N, represents the potential response of the i th experimental unit if treatment were applied and the response …
Identifying Spectra Important For Prediction Of Senescent Grassland Canopy Structure, Rebecca Phillips, Nicanor Saliendra, Mark West
Identifying Spectra Important For Prediction Of Senescent Grassland Canopy Structure, Rebecca Phillips, Nicanor Saliendra, Mark West
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Managers of the nearly 0.5 million ha of public lands in North and South Dakota, USA rely heavily on manual measurements of vegetation properties to ensure conservation of grassland structure for wildlife and forage for livestock. Spectral imaging data may be useful in assessment of large (>100,000 ha) landscapes, as in the Grand River National Grassland (GRNG), South Dakota. Here, we examined the predictive potential for the Advanced High Resolution Spectrometer (AVIRIS) to estimate mixed-grass prairie canopy structural attributes (photosynthetically active vegetation (kg PV ha-1), non-photosynthetically active vegetation (kg NPV ha-1), total standing crop (kg …
Exploration Of Reactant-Product Lipid Pairs In Mutant-Wild Type Lipidomics Experiments, Lianqing Zheng, Gary L. Gadbury, Jyoti Shah, Ruth Welti
Exploration Of Reactant-Product Lipid Pairs In Mutant-Wild Type Lipidomics Experiments, Lianqing Zheng, Gary L. Gadbury, Jyoti Shah, Ruth Welti
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
High-throughput metabolite analysis is very important for biologists to identify the functions of genes. A mutation in a gene encoding an enzyme is expected to alter the level of the metabolites which serve as the enzyme’s reactant(s) (also known as substrate) and product(s). To find the function of a mutated gene, metabolite data from a wild-type organism and a mutant are compared and candidate reactants and products are identified. The screening principle is that the concentration of reactants will be higher and the concentration of products will be lower in the mutant than in wild type. This is because the …
Variance Inflation Factors In Regression Models With Dummy Variables, Leigh Murray, Hien Nguyen, Yu-Feng Lee, Marta D. Remmenga, David W. Smith
Variance Inflation Factors In Regression Models With Dummy Variables, Leigh Murray, Hien Nguyen, Yu-Feng Lee, Marta D. Remmenga, David W. Smith
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Variance Inflation Factors (VIFs) are used to detect collinearity among predictors in regression models. Textbook explanation of collinearity and diagnostics such as VIFs have focused on numeric predictors as being "co-linear" or "co-planar", with little attention paid to VIFs when a dummy variable is included in the model. This work was motivated by two regression models with high VIFs, where "standard' interpretations of causes of collinearity made no sense. The first was an alfalfa-breeding model with two numeric predictors and two dummy variables. The second was an economic model with one numeric predictor, one dummy and the numeric x dummy …
Stability Analysis For Yield And Seed Quality Of Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merril] Across Different Environments In Eastern South Dakota, Kaushal Raj Chaudhary, Jixiang Wu
Stability Analysis For Yield And Seed Quality Of Soybean [Glycine Max (L.) Merril] Across Different Environments In Eastern South Dakota, Kaushal Raj Chaudhary, Jixiang Wu
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Genotype-environment interaction has always been an important and challenging issue for plant breeders in developing desirable varieties. Determination of genotype and environment is common in breeding program as it helps to find out the genotypes that have wide or specific adaptability across various environmental conditions. In this study, fifteen varieties of soybean were evaluated for stability of grain yield (ton/ha), protein content (%), and oil content (%) at six different locations of Eastern South Dakota in 2011. Mixed linear model and Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) were applied to detect genotype-by-environment (G*E) interactions and stability of each variety …
Gene Set Testing To Characterize Multivariately Differentially Expressed Genes, John R. Stevens, S. Clay Isom
Gene Set Testing To Characterize Multivariately Differentially Expressed Genes, John R. Stevens, S. Clay Isom
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
In a gene expression experiment (using oligo array, RNA-Seq, or other platform), researchers typically seek to characterize di erentially expressed genes based on common gene function or pathway involve-ment. The eld of gene set testing provides numerous characterization methods, some of which have proven to be more valid and powerful than others. These existing gene set testing methods focus on experimental designs where there is a single null hypothesis (usually involving association with a continuous or categorical phenotype) for each gene. Increasingly common experimental designs lead to multiple null hypotheses for each gene, and the characterization of these multivariately di …
Determining The Effectivesness Of Including Spatial Information Into A Nematode/Nutsedge Pest Complex Model, Joel Vetter, Zhining Ou, Leigh Murray, Stephen H. Thomas, Jill Schroeder
Determining The Effectivesness Of Including Spatial Information Into A Nematode/Nutsedge Pest Complex Model, Joel Vetter, Zhining Ou, Leigh Murray, Stephen H. Thomas, Jill Schroeder
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
An experiment was performed in 2005-2006 to determine if a nematode-resistant variety of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) can effectively reduce the pest complex consisting of yellow and purple nutsedge (YNS, Cyperus esculentus L. and PNS, C. rotundus L.) and the southern rootknot nematode (SRKN, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood). The alfalfa field, which had a history of severe infestation from both species of nutsedge and SRKN, was divided into 1m x 2m quadrats. In May, July and September of each year, eighty quadrats were randomly selected and counts of PNS, YNS and a soil sample (analyzed for the count …
Statistical Tests For Stability Analysis With Resampling Techniques, Jixiang Wu, Karl Glover, William Berzonsky
Statistical Tests For Stability Analysis With Resampling Techniques, Jixiang Wu, Karl Glover, William Berzonsky
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Crop trials or crop performance trials (CPT), which are among the most important activities associated with plant breeding programs, are commonly used to measure the performance stability of genotypes. Several methods which include variation, regression, and cluster analyses for determination of crop stability have been proposed and are commonly used. However, many of these approaches require the use of normally distributed data. Thus, commonly used statistical tests, like the t- or F-test may not be appropriate when the assumptions of data are violated. In this study, two resampling techniques (jackknife and bootstrapping) were integrated into several crop stability analyses. An …
Bayesian Mcmc Analyses For Regulatory Assessments Of Food Composition, Jay M. Harrison, Derek Culp, George G. Harrigan
Bayesian Mcmc Analyses For Regulatory Assessments Of Food Composition, Jay M. Harrison, Derek Culp, George G. Harrigan
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
In order to gain regulatory approval to market a new seed product derived with biotechnology, grain and forage composition data must be collected from field trials, and summaries must be reported to various government agencies. Currently, both tests of differences in composition between a genetically modified organism (GMO) and its control and tests of equivalence of the GMO to conventional genotypes are required by regulatory agencies. Bayesian analyses offer an attractive option for regulatory assessments by expressing results that can be interpreted more easily by a wide audience and by providing more ways to examine various hypotheses of interest. In …
A Comparison Of Analytic And Bayesian Approaches For Characterizing Thermal Hysteresis In Cattle Using Algebraic And Geometric Distances, F. Yang, A. M. Parkhurst, S. Zhang, C. N. Lee, T. M. Brown-Brandl, K. G. Gebremedhin, P. E. Hillman
A Comparison Of Analytic And Bayesian Approaches For Characterizing Thermal Hysteresis In Cattle Using Algebraic And Geometric Distances, F. Yang, A. M. Parkhurst, S. Zhang, C. N. Lee, T. M. Brown-Brandl, K. G. Gebremedhin, P. E. Hillman
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
A high ambient temperature poses a serious threat to cattle. Above a certain threshold, an animal’s body temperature (Tb) appears to be driven by the hot cyclic air temperature (Ta) and hysteresis occurs. Elliptical hysteresis describes the output of a process in response to a simple harmonic input, and the trajectory forms a closed loop. The hysteresis loop shows a rotated elliptical pattern which depends on the lag between Tb and Ta. The objectives of this study are 1) to characterize hysteresis using bootstrapped ellipse specific nonlinear least squares 2) to reformulate models using the Bayesian method, and 3) to …
Armedand Dangerous: The Consequences Of Not Randomizing The First Block, Edzard Van Santen, Mark West
Armedand Dangerous: The Consequences Of Not Randomizing The First Block, Edzard Van Santen, Mark West
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Replication and randomization and are the keys for statistically valid experiments. Both are necessary components for statistically valid experimentation. Yet it is an industry wide practicein weed science research to assign treatment in the first block of a randomized complete block design in a systematic order for reasons of convenience. We investigated this practice by comparing four randomization/analysis scenarios: (i) complete randomization in all blocks, (ii) systematic assignment of treatmentsin block 1, where the best treatment was assigned to the best plot, (iii) systematic assignment of treatmentsin block 1, where the best treatment was assigned to the worst plot,and (iv) …
Correcting For Amplification Bias In Next-Generation Sequencing Data, Douglas Baumann, R. W. Doerge
Correcting For Amplification Bias In Next-Generation Sequencing Data, Douglas Baumann, R. W. Doerge
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies have opened the door to a wealth of knowledge and information about biological systems, particularly in genomics and epigenomics. These tools, although useful, carry with them additional technological and statistical challenges that need to be understood and addressed. One such issue is ampli cation bias. Specifically, the majority of NGS technologies effectively sample small amounts of DNA or RNA that are amplified (i.e., copied) prior to sequencing. The amplification process is not perfect, and thus sequenced read counts can be extremely biased. Unfortunately, current amplification bias controlling procedures introduce a dependence of gene expression on gene …
Multivariate Statistical Analysis Of Avian Index Of Biotic Integrity, Bahman Shafii, William J. Price, Norm Merz, Dwight Bergeron
Multivariate Statistical Analysis Of Avian Index Of Biotic Integrity, Bahman Shafii, William J. Price, Norm Merz, Dwight Bergeron
Conference on Applied Statistics in Agriculture
The Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) is a multi-metric index designed to measure the changes in ecological and environmental conditions as affected by human disturbances. Hence, IBI is used in practice to detect divergence from biological integrity attributable to human actions. The incorporation of biological attributes is often done at both the individual and higher level assemblages. The objective of this paper is to demonstrate the construction and statistical evaluation of a multi-metric Avian Index of Biotic Integrity (A-IBI). Canonical correlation analyses are utilized to select pertinent avian metrics as impacted by vegetation and hydrology variables. The resulting avian metrics …