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- Water quality (21)
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- Ecosystem (5)
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Articles 61 - 81 of 81
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Assessment Of The Effects Of Household Chemicals Upon Individual Septic Tank Performances, Mark A. Gross
Assessment Of The Effects Of Household Chemicals Upon Individual Septic Tank Performances, Mark A. Gross
Technical Reports
A laboratory study and a field study were performed to determine the amounts of specific household chemicals required to destroy bacteria populations in individual domestic septic tanks. The particular chemicals evaluated include liquid chlorine bleach, High Test Hypochlorite (HTH), Lysol disinfectant and Drano crystal. The laboratory study was performed to determine the approximate chemical concentrations to destroy the bacteria in the septic tank, and the field study showed the actual effect of the chemicals upon the bacteria in terms of reduction of the number of bacteria in the septic tank as well as the time required for the bacterial population …
Estimating Potential Ground And Surface Water Pollution From Land Application Of Poultry Litter, J. T. Gilmour, D. C. Wolf, P. M. Gale
Estimating Potential Ground And Surface Water Pollution From Land Application Of Poultry Litter, J. T. Gilmour, D. C. Wolf, P. M. Gale
Technical Reports
In 1985, more than 750 million broiler chickens were produced in Arkansas. During the same year over 15 million laying chickens produced 3.6 million eggs. The waste products of these agricultural production systems, poultry litter and manure, were about 1 million metric tons. As a result of land application of these wastes, about 5,000 metric tons of annnonium N and 12,000 metric tons of mineralized nitrogen were applied to Arkansas pastures in 1985. Manures contributed about 2-3 percent of the total. The objective of this research was to quantify major components of the nitrogen cycle which influence the ground and …
Long-Term Effects Of Tillage On The Retention And Transport Of Soil Water, H. D. Scott, L. S. Wood, W. M. Miley
Long-Term Effects Of Tillage On The Retention And Transport Of Soil Water, H. D. Scott, L. S. Wood, W. M. Miley
Technical Reports
Quantitative measurements were made of the physical and chemical properties of two virgin prairie soils, Crowley and Jay, that remain in their native Arkansas environments and of similar soils that had been tilled extensively. Comparisons were made of soil properties at several depths. When compared with the tilled soils the virgin soils had higher organic matter contents, saturated hydraulic conductivities and water retained at several applied pressures. Bulk densities and hydraulic resistances were lower in the virgin soils. For the Crowley silt loam, values of pH and elemental contents of the virgin soil were higher than those of the tilled …
Algal Growth Potentials And Heavy Metal Concentrations Of The Primary Streams To Upper Beaver Lake, Richard L. Meyer, W. Reed Green, Kenneth F. Steele, Diana Wickliff
Algal Growth Potentials And Heavy Metal Concentrations Of The Primary Streams To Upper Beaver Lake, Richard L. Meyer, W. Reed Green, Kenneth F. Steele, Diana Wickliff
Technical Reports
Meyer and Green (1984) demonstrated the probable inhibition of algal growth potential by heavy metals in upper Beaver Lake. Upper Beaver Lake receives water from three tributaries. One contains a small reservoir and the combined streams receive sewage input. Collections were made approximately monthly at eight sites for the Algal Assay Bottle Test (AABT) and heavy metal analysis. In general, AABT results indicated that the collections above the sewage lnput were phosphorus limited while those below were nitrogen or combined nitrogen and phosphorus limited. Growth inhibition occurred during summer and early fall at various sites with greater inhibition at the …
Arkansas Water Resources Research Center Pamphlet, Richard L. Meyer
Arkansas Water Resources Research Center Pamphlet, Richard L. Meyer
Technical Reports
Arkansas Water Resources Research Center (AWRRC), through research is committed to meeting the many and varied challenges presented to water quality by Arkansas' burgeoning urban, agricultural, and recreational water demands.
Groundwater Quality And Mineral Deposits Relationships In The Ozark Mountains, Kenneth F. Steele
Groundwater Quality And Mineral Deposits Relationships In The Ozark Mountains, Kenneth F. Steele
Technical Reports
Ninety-nine groundwater sites were sampled in northern Arkansas in order to determine the effect of local manganese, phosphate, pyrite, lead-zinc and uranium mineralization on the groundwater chemistry. Most of this study (75 springs) was concentrated in the Batesville manganese district. Hydrogeochemical exploration for these types of manganese deposits appears possible with 44 percent of the springs within 2000 feet of mineralization having anomalous metal concentrations (especially manganese). Because only a few springs were sampled in the remaining areas, the results are not conclusive; however, only the pyrite and small lead-zinc deposit would appear worthy of additional investigation. None of the …
Disposal Of Household Wastewater In Soils Of High Stone Content (1981-1983), E. M. Rutledge, C. R. Mote, D. T. Mitchell, M. S. Hirsch, M. D. Harper, H. D. Scott, C. L. Griffis
Disposal Of Household Wastewater In Soils Of High Stone Content (1981-1983), E. M. Rutledge, C. R. Mote, D. T. Mitchell, M. S. Hirsch, M. D. Harper, H. D. Scott, C. L. Griffis
Technical Reports
Four experimental filter fields were constructed with built-in monitoring equipment in Nixa soils. These soils contain many chert fragments and a fragipan about 60 cm below the soil surface. The fragipan restricts downward movement of water and is the designlimitingfeature. The four filter fields were: 1. A "standard" filter field, 76 cm deep. The bottom of the trench was in the fragipan. 2. A "modified standard" filter field, 30 cm deep. The bottom of the trench was above the fragipan. 3. A "modified pressure" filter field, 40 cm deep. The bottom of the trench was above the fragipan. In addition, …
Disposal Of Household Wastewater In Soils Of High Stone Content (1977-1980), E. M. Rutledge, C. R. Mote, M. S. Hirsh, H. D. Scott, D. T. Mitchell
Disposal Of Household Wastewater In Soils Of High Stone Content (1977-1980), E. M. Rutledge, C. R. Mote, M. S. Hirsh, H. D. Scott, D. T. Mitchell
Technical Reports
Two experimental septic tank filter fields were constructed with built-in monitoring equipment in Nixa soils. These soils contain many chert fragments and a fragipan about 60 cm deep which restricts downward water movement and is the design-limiting feature. The standard filter field (76 cm deep) was built into the fragipan and the modified standard filter field (30 cm deep) was placed above it. During 30 months' observation, the modified standard performed better than the standard filter field. Maximum rise of effluent in the standard and modified standard came within 11 and 19 cm of the soil surface, respectively. Performance of …
Atrazine Degradation, Sorption And Bioconcentration In Water Systems, Duane C. Wolf, Ramon L. Jackson
Atrazine Degradation, Sorption And Bioconcentration In Water Systems, Duane C. Wolf, Ramon L. Jackson
Technical Reports
The herbicide atrazine is used extensively to control broadleaf and grass weeds in such crops as sorghum and corn. A small portion of the atrazine may be lost from the area of application by surface runoff and could enter a stream or lake. The objective of this study was to evaluate atrazine degradation, sorption, and bioconcentration in watersediment systems. The results indicated that sediments with lower pH values and higher organic matter levels adsorbed higher levels of atrazine than sediments with neutral pH values and lower organic matter levels. Microbial decomposition of the herbicide was slow under the conditions of …
Comparing Three Water Quality Sampling Techniques For Measuring Non-Point Source Pollution In Forest Streams, R. Scott Beasley
Comparing Three Water Quality Sampling Techniques For Measuring Non-Point Source Pollution In Forest Streams, R. Scott Beasley
Technical Reports
Coshocton wheel samplers, ISCO pumping samplers, and single stage samplers were compared on each of three small (5-6 ha), forested watersheds in the Ouachita Mountains of central Arkansas. The objective of the comparisons was to evaluate the performance of each sampling method in providing reliable samples for measuring concentrations of total suspended solids (TSS). H-flumes and water level recorders provided stream discharge data; a network of recording and non-recording raingages provided preciptation measurements. Rainfall and storm discharges during the study period were unusually low. No samples were collected by the single stage samplers. They appear unsuited for use on small …
Hydrogeologic And Geochemical Investigation Of The Boone-St. Joe Limestone Aquifer In Benton County, Arkansas, Albert E. Ogden
Hydrogeologic And Geochemical Investigation Of The Boone-St. Joe Limestone Aquifer In Benton County, Arkansas, Albert E. Ogden
Technical Reports
The Boone-St. Joe limestone aquifer is an important unconfined aquifer for rural residents of Benton County, Arkansas. Pumping tests indicate a large range in production capability of the aquifer. The coefficient of transmissibility and specific capacity range from 24.8 to 24640 gpd/ft and 0.03 to 30 gpm/ft, respectively. No statistical relationship at a = 0.10 was found between each of these parameters and photo-lineament proximity. Drillers' estimated well yield (gpm) also showed no relationship to photo-lineament proximity. It is therefore concluded that choosing well sites along photo-lineaments for higher production is not as reliable for karstified carbonate aquifers such as …
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System - Volume I - Introduction, Summary And Conclusions, And Recommendations, Arkansas Water Resources Research Center
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System - Volume I - Introduction, Summary And Conclusions, And Recommendations, Arkansas Water Resources Research Center
Technical Reports
The foundation for the development of the Arkansas River was laid with the authorization of many upstream reservoirs in the comprehensive River and Harbor Act of 1946 signed by President Truman. Subsequent authorizations were forthcoming and work began on many of the bank stabilization facilities in 1950 and on the major structures in 1957. The current McClellan-Kerr Arkansas River Navigation System was substantially completed in 1972. The authorized multiple-purpose plan for the Arkansas River and tributaries provided for the construction of coordinated developments in the interests of navigation, hydroelectric power, flood control, bank stabilization, and related benefits including recreation and …
Final Report Buffalo National River Ecosystems Part Iv, R. E. Babcock, E. E. Dale, R. L. Meyer, D. G. Parker, E. G. Smith, M. D. Springer
Final Report Buffalo National River Ecosystems Part Iv, R. E. Babcock, E. E. Dale, R. L. Meyer, D. G. Parker, E. G. Smith, M. D. Springer
Technical Reports
Sampling point locations and analytical procedures remained unchanged from those outlined in previous Buffalo National River Ecosystem reports. The only significant change in analytical procedures was a reversion to the glass fiber filter method for collection and extraction of samples for chlorophyll analysis. This change was neeessitated by a need for filtering a larger volume to obtain enough chlorophyll for an accurate measurement. Samples were collected monthly from April 9 through December 30. No samples were taken in January or February due to the extremely uncertain traveling conditions caused by the frequent snows. Prior research indicates that the December 30 …
Buffalo National River Ecosystem - Part Iii, M. D. Springer, E. B. Smith, D. G. Parker, R. L. Meyer, E. E. Dale, R. E. Babcock
Buffalo National River Ecosystem - Part Iii, M. D. Springer, E. B. Smith, D. G. Parker, R. L. Meyer, E. E. Dale, R. E. Babcock
Technical Reports
Samples for water quality analyses and phycological studies were taken from the nine standard sampling locations on the Buffalo River nine times during the period from March 1976 through February 1977. The April-June 1976 samples represent nearly identical conditions throughout the spring period; therefore, emphasis was placed on taxonomic research. As the early January sample was considered sufficient~y reflective of stable winter conditions, the December and February periods were. used for detailed microscopic examination of the rich and diverse diatom flora that was found in the river this year. A total of 273 taxa of diatoms were identified from the …
Landsat Linear Trend Analysis - A Tool For Groundwater Exploration In Northern Arkansas, H. C. Macdonald, Kenneth F. Steele, Elizabeth Gaines
Landsat Linear Trend Analysis - A Tool For Groundwater Exploration In Northern Arkansas, H. C. Macdonald, Kenneth F. Steele, Elizabeth Gaines
Technical Reports
Intelligent development of groundwater resources is a process that requires a thorough understanding of the availability and movement of groundwater. In northern Arkansas knowledge of the deep aquifers is fairly limited, perhaps because economic factors and uncertain yields have discouraged exploitation. The development of these deeper aquifers to their fullest potential as reliable water sources depends on the delineation of high yield areas, a process that may be facilitated by linear trend analysis as outlined in this study. Satellite and photolineament maps of the 13 counties were prepared by use of LANDSAT images and Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service photo …
Buffalo National River Ecosystems - Part Ii, R. E. Babcock, E. E. Dale, H. C. Macdonald, R. L. Meyer, D. G. Parker, E. B. Smith, K. F. Steele
Buffalo National River Ecosystems - Part Ii, R. E. Babcock, E. E. Dale, H. C. Macdonald, R. L. Meyer, D. G. Parker, E. B. Smith, K. F. Steele
Technical Reports
The priorities were established for the Buffalo National River Ecosystem Studies through meetings and correspondence with Mr. Roland Wauer and other personnel of the Office of Natural Sciences, Southwest Region of the National Park Service. These priorities were set forth in the appendix of contract no. CX 700050443 dated May 21, 1975.
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System, Volume V - The Effects Upon The Fish Population, Thomas M. Buchanan
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System, Volume V - The Effects Upon The Fish Population, Thomas M. Buchanan
Technical Reports
The Arkansas River extends for 1,450 miles from the eastern slopes of the Rocky Mountains in Colorado, southeasterly through Kansas, Oklahoma, and Arkansas, where it enters the Mississippi River in Desha County. The 448 mile navigation channel which was constructed on the lower portion of this river includes portions of two of its major tributaries, the Verdigris River in Oklahoma and the lower White River in Arkansas. The Arkansas portion of this navigation system consists of three different segments: (1) the lower White River, from its confluence with the Mississippi River to 10 miles upstream, (2) the Arkansas Post Canal, …
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System, Volume Iv - The Effects Upon The Benthic Associations, Louise Russert Kraemer
An Evaluation Of The Effects Of Dredging Within The Arkansas River Navigation System, Volume Iv - The Effects Upon The Benthic Associations, Louise Russert Kraemer
Technical Reports
The huge and increasing volume of dredged materials being moved in and from the bottoms of waterways of the U.S. is probably well known to the reader. Lee and Plumb (1974) distinguish between the 2 forms of dredging: (1) mining the bottom sediments (as in shell dredging), and (2) developing and maintaining navigable waterways. They indicate some 380,000,000 cubic yards are dredged annually in this country; maintenance dredging accounting for about 80,000,000 cy, and new construction for about 300,000,000 cy.* These figures (based on 5 yr. averages) do not include dredging by private companies. Smith (1975) comments: "With federal dredging …
Trace Metals And Major Elements In Water-Soluble Rocks Of Northwest Arkansas, George H. Wagner, Kenneth F. Steele, Doy L. Zachry Jr.
Trace Metals And Major Elements In Water-Soluble Rocks Of Northwest Arkansas, George H. Wagner, Kenneth F. Steele, Doy L. Zachry Jr.
Technical Reports
Trace metals in limestone are potential water contaminants because they can enter the ground water when the limestone is dissolved by carbonic acid and other naturally occurring acids. Four local limestones, the St. Joe and Pitkin Formations (Mississippian) and the Brentwood and Kessler Members of the Bloyd Formation (Pennsylvanian) were sampled in a five county area in Northwest Arkansas. Atomic absorption analyses were made for Na, K, Mg, Ca, Zh, Cu, Ba, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Mn, Li and Sr on the acid soluble material of the samples. All the limestones are relatively pure CaCO3 with Pitkin the purest, 93.4%. …
Final Report: Buffalo National River Ecosystems, R. E. Babcock, H. C. Macdonald, D. G. Parker, Joe F. Nix, Kenneth F. Steele, Richard L. Meyer, R. W. Raible, D. A. Becker, R. V. Kilambi, E. H. Schmitz
Final Report: Buffalo National River Ecosystems, R. E. Babcock, H. C. Macdonald, D. G. Parker, Joe F. Nix, Kenneth F. Steele, Richard L. Meyer, R. W. Raible, D. A. Becker, R. V. Kilambi, E. H. Schmitz
Technical Reports
The objective of this study was to sample the Buffalo River on a seasonal basis for a year, in order to determine whether any potential water quality problems existed.
Preliminary Reconnaissance Water Quality Survey Of The Buffalo National River, R. E. Babcock, H. C. Macdonald, E. E. Dale Jr., R. L. Meyer, Joe Nix, D. G. Parker, Eugene Schmitz
Preliminary Reconnaissance Water Quality Survey Of The Buffalo National River, R. E. Babcock, H. C. Macdonald, E. E. Dale Jr., R. L. Meyer, Joe Nix, D. G. Parker, Eugene Schmitz
Technical Reports
In accordance with Contract No. CX 700030105, dated 12 February 1973, the University of Arkansas , Water Resources Resear ch Center is submitting a "Preliminary Reconnaissance Water Quality Survey of the Buffalo National River." The Water Resources Research Center of Arkansas has supplied the necessary personnel and facil ities to perform a preliminary reconnaissance survey of the Buffalo National River of Arkansas with special emphasis placed on the establishment of both permanent and temporary benchmarks for water quality sampling. Preliminary water quality samples have been collected to make those chemical, physical, and biological analyses as defined by Mr . Roland …