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Articles 91 - 120 of 41139

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Variable-Temperature And Variable-Pressure Adsorption Characteristics Of Deep Coalbed Methane And Their Implications, Jiang Wenping, Sun Siqing, Jin Xianglan, Tian Bofan, Tian Xinjuan Sep 2026

Variable-Temperature And Variable-Pressure Adsorption Characteristics Of Deep Coalbed Methane And Their Implications, Jiang Wenping, Sun Siqing, Jin Xianglan, Tian Bofan, Tian Xinjuan

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Investigating the adsorption characteristics of coalbed methane (CBM) helps bridge key geological information concerning deep CBM, including occurrence state, free gas proportion, and gas-bearing properties, with the gas production potential and commercial exploitation of CBM wells. Such investigation represents a key component of the evaluation, exploration, and exploitation of CBM reservoirs. Methods Using deep coal samples collected from three representative regions, this study designed high-temperature and high-pressure methane isothermal adsorption experiments, together with variable-temperature and variable-pressure methane adsorption experiments, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). The adsorption characteristics of the coal samples derived using the different experimental methods were subsequently …

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Occurrence Pattern Of Adsorbed And Free Gas In Deep Coal Seams Under The Control Of Pore Structure: A Case Study Of The No. 8 Coal Seam In The Daning-Jixian Block Along The Eastern Margin Of The Ordos Basin, Bian Liheng, Shen Jian, Shi Rui, Zhang Wei, Ma Zhuang, Liang Xuemin, Dong Jiying, Zhu Peipei, Ma Tianyu Sep 2026

Occurrence Pattern Of Adsorbed And Free Gas In Deep Coal Seams Under The Control Of Pore Structure: A Case Study Of The No. 8 Coal Seam In The Daning-Jixian Block Along The Eastern Margin Of The Ordos Basin, Bian Liheng, Shen Jian, Shi Rui, Zhang Wei, Ma Zhuang, Liang Xuemin, Dong Jiying, Zhu Peipei, Ma Tianyu

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Deep coalbed methane (CBM) holds an important strategic position in China's unconventional natural gas system. However, concerning deep CBM occurrence, there remains a lack of systematic quantitative understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the controlling effects of pore structure. Methods This study investigated high-rank coal samples collected at a burial depth of approximately 2000 m from the No. 8 coal seam in the Daning-Jixian block along the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin. Using multiscale pore characterization techniques, including low-temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption, high-pressure mercury injection, and low-temperature CO2 adsorption, the full-scale pore size distribution of the coal …

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Controlling Effects Of Ash Yield On The Adsorption-Desorption Behavior And Production Potential Of Methane In Deep Coal Reservoirs, Huang Daojun, Liu Xinshe, Chen Shida, Sun Wen, Jiao Pengshuai, Wang Huaichang Sep 2026

Controlling Effects Of Ash Yield On The Adsorption-Desorption Behavior And Production Potential Of Methane In Deep Coal Reservoirs, Huang Daojun, Liu Xinshe, Chen Shida, Sun Wen, Jiao Pengshuai, Wang Huaichang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The lithotype and quality characteristics of coals significantly affect the reservoir permeability and production potential of coalbed methane (CBM). However, there remains a lack of clear understanding of the controlling effects of ash yield on the gas-bearing properties and methane adsorption-desorption behavior of coal seams under comparable thermal maturity. Focusing on coal samples obtained through continuous sealed coring from the No. 8 coal seam in well M172 in the east-central part of the Ordos Basin, this study aims to clarify the impacts of ash yield on the pore structure, adsorption capacity, desorption process, and resource recoverability. This effort is …

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Components And Isotope Fractionation Of Deep Coalbed Methane And Their Geological Implications In The Daning-Jixian Block, Ordos Basin, Wang Chengwang, Zhang Yun, Wang Hongna, Chen Yiyu, Chen Gaojie, Wang Jun, Liu Lingqi, Li Panxue, He Hongcheng, Li Wenbiao Sep 2026

Components And Isotope Fractionation Of Deep Coalbed Methane And Their Geological Implications In The Daning-Jixian Block, Ordos Basin, Wang Chengwang, Zhang Yun, Wang Hongna, Chen Yiyu, Chen Gaojie, Wang Jun, Liu Lingqi, Li Panxue, He Hongcheng, Li Wenbiao

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The components of deep coalbed methane (CBM), along with its isotopic composition and fractionation patterns, hold great significance for revealing the genetic types, occurrence characteristics, flow, and production patterns of CBM. Methods This study investigated the Shanxi and Benxi formations in the Daning-Jixian block, Ordos Basin. A range of analyses and tests were conducted, including field CBM desorption experiments on coal samples from the deep parts of both formations, continuous monitoring of wellhead gas from two production wells, physical property tests on the samples, organic petrological experiments, and geochemical analysis. Furthermore, this study analyzed the components and isotopes of …

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Investigating The Mechanisms Controlling Gas Flow In Coal Reservoirs Based On Multi-Scale Digital Rocks, Han Lei, Huang Dongxiang, Zhang Xiaodong, Shen Jian, Zhang Shuo, Ni Xiaoming, Liu Xiao Sep 2026

Investigating The Mechanisms Controlling Gas Flow In Coal Reservoirs Based On Multi-Scale Digital Rocks, Han Lei, Huang Dongxiang, Zhang Xiaodong, Shen Jian, Zhang Shuo, Ni Xiaoming, Liu Xiao

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Deep coal reservoirs exhibit highly heterogeneous pore-fracture structures. However, limited by a single imaging resolution, conventional digital rock techniques struggle to characterize complex pore-fracture networks across multiple scales. This poses significant scientific challenges for the fine-scale characterization of deep coal reservoirs and the investigation of their seepage mechanisms. Methods This study investigated deep coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs in the north-central Qinshui Basin. The pore-fracture structures of coal samples were characterized by integrating X-ray computed tomography (CT), mercury injection capillary pressure (MICP), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Digital rock models incorporating multi-scale pores and fractures were then constructed by integrating …

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Investigating The Characteristics Of Ch4 Adsorption In Coal Reservoirs Based On Interpretable Machine Learning, Chen Ruibin, Zhou Sandong, Zhang Weixin, Yan Detian, Wang Hua Sep 2026

Investigating The Characteristics Of Ch4 Adsorption In Coal Reservoirs Based On Interpretable Machine Learning, Chen Ruibin, Zhou Sandong, Zhang Weixin, Yan Detian, Wang Hua

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Accurately predicting methane (CH4) adsorption capacity in coal reservoirs is critical to the efficient exploration and exploitation of coalbed methane (CBM). Existing studies largely rely on experimental data from a small number of samples and theoretical adsorption models such as Langmuir. However, these studies exhibit time-consuming and laborious processes, as well as conclusions with limited generalizability, posing challenges to their widespread applications across different basins. Methods Based on 1150 sets of experimental data on CH4 adsorption in coals, this study investigated five machine learning models, namely artificial neural network (ANN), support vector machine (SVM), K-nearest neighbor …

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Mechanical Anisotropy And Depth Effects Of Deep Coal Seams, Mei Xiaofan, Wang Cong, Wang Kaifeng, Tang Shuheng, Zhang Songhang, Xi Zhaodong Sep 2026

Mechanical Anisotropy And Depth Effects Of Deep Coal Seams, Mei Xiaofan, Wang Cong, Wang Kaifeng, Tang Shuheng, Zhang Songhang, Xi Zhaodong

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective The mechanical properties of coal seams determine the stability, fracability, and fracturing performance of deep coal reservoirs. Since the in situ stress applied to coal increases with burial depth, deep coal differs from its shallow counterpart in damage behavior, key mechanical parameters, and failure mechanism. Furthermore, deep coal exhibits pronounced mechanical anisotropy.Methods Focusing on the No. 9 coal seam in the Linxian area along the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin, this study carried out triaxial compression tests at 60℃ under different confining pressures to determine the mechanical anisotropy of deep coal. By comparing the full stress-strain curves, …

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An Improved Brittleness Characterization Method For Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs And Its Application To Well Logs, Huang An’Er, Gong Fei, Peng Suping, Zou Guangui, Zhang Zhaoji, Wu Yiquan, Rong Zhihong, Li Qingrun Sep 2026

An Improved Brittleness Characterization Method For Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs And Its Application To Well Logs, Huang An’Er, Gong Fei, Peng Suping, Zou Guangui, Zhang Zhaoji, Wu Yiquan, Rong Zhihong, Li Qingrun

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Deep coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs are characterized by high pressure, low porosity, and low permeability. Therefore, large-scale volume fracturing is required for their commercial development. As an important engineering sweet spot parameter for selecting optimal fracturing targets, the brittleness index can reflect the difficulty in generating complex fracture networks during fracturing. However, existing brittleness characterization methods are largely applicable to strata with high brittle mineral content, such as shales and sandstones, while methods for characterizing the brittleness of deep CBM reservoirs with high organic matter content and low brittle mineral content are lacking. Methods Rock physics experiments on 20 …

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A Fault Identification Method For Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs Based On An Improved Transunet, Gao Congshun, Wu Haibo, Liu Lei, Wang Zijian, Huang Xuanyu, Jia Lilan, Xu Aiguo Sep 2026

A Fault Identification Method For Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs Based On An Improved Transunet, Gao Congshun, Wu Haibo, Liu Lei, Wang Zijian, Huang Xuanyu, Jia Lilan, Xu Aiguo

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Small-scale faults in deep coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs significantly affect CBM enrichment and the deployment of development wells. However, deep seismic data tend to suffer from low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) and poor continuity of reflection events, while conventional methods are likely to miss small-scale faults. To address these limitations, this study proposes a fault identification method based on an improved TransUNet. Methods The proposed method is developed based on the R50-ViT-B_16 TransUNet architecture. A coordinate attention (CA) module is introduced before the skip connections enter the decoder to enhance the feature representation of the locations and directional continuity of …

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Petrophysical Model-Driven Seismic Inversion For Physical Property Parameters Of Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs, Chen Yang, Guo Qiang, Ba Jing Sep 2026

Petrophysical Model-Driven Seismic Inversion For Physical Property Parameters Of Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs, Chen Yang, Guo Qiang, Ba Jing

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Deep coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs typically exhibit complex pore-fracture structures, as well as strong nonlinear and non-unique corresponding relationships between elastic and physical property parameters. In this context, this study develops a seismic petrophysical inversion method that accounts for pore structure variations. Methods This study investigated deep CBM reservoirs along the eastern margin of the Ordos Basin. First, a petrophysical model based on variable pore aspect ratios was established, and the corresponding linearized forward operator was derived. Then, the pore aspect ratios were estimated using near-borehole log data. Meanwhile, the multimodal prior distributions of reservoir physical property parameters were …

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Intelligent Identification Of Deep Coal Macrolithotypes Based On Weighted Ensemble In Machine Learning: A Case Study Of The Shenmu Area, Ordos Basin, Yao Yuhao, Yang Zhaobiao, Huang Daojun, Wang Jianan, Dong Guodong, Chen Yilin, He Jinxian, Zhang Shang Sep 2026

Intelligent Identification Of Deep Coal Macrolithotypes Based On Weighted Ensemble In Machine Learning: A Case Study Of The Shenmu Area, Ordos Basin, Yao Yuhao, Yang Zhaobiao, Huang Daojun, Wang Jianan, Dong Guodong, Chen Yilin, He Jinxian, Zhang Shang

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Coal macrolithotype represents a key geological property in the exploration and recovery of deep coalbed methane (CBM) resources, and its accurate identification is of great significance for selecting the optimal geological and engineering sweet-spot intervals. However, conventional coal macrolithotype identification relies heavily on core observation, suffering from prohibitively high costs since core data are extremely valuable and thus feature a small sample size. Meanwhile, conventional log-based threshold methods face challenges in effectively characterizing the complex boundaries between coal macrolithotypes.Methods This study investigated the No. 8 coal seam of the Benxi Formation, Shenmu area, eastern Ordos Basin. Based on …

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A Probabilistic Lithofacies Classification Method For Deep Coal Measures, Xu Aiguo, Zhang Pingsong, Wu Haibo, Li Shenglin Sep 2026

A Probabilistic Lithofacies Classification Method For Deep Coal Measures, Xu Aiguo, Zhang Pingsong, Wu Haibo, Li Shenglin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Deep coal measures contain multiple unconventional reservoir types, including coal, shale, and tight sandstone. Accurate lithofacies classification helps identify the resource and engineering targets of unconventional gas within these deep sequences, thus guiding category-based extraction and efficient development. However, conventional lithofacies classification methods largely rely on elastic parameters derived based on the isotropic-medium assumption or linear amplitude variation with offset (AVO) inversion while neglecting the pronounced vertical transverse isotropy (VTI) anisotropy of deep coal measures, severely limiting the lithofacies classification accuracy. Methods This study develops a probabilistic lithofacies classification method for deep coal measures. First, high-accuracy elastic parameters, including …

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Multi-Round Diverting Fracturing Technology For Deep-Seated Thin Coal Seams And Its Application: A Case Study Of The G3-1 Well Group In The Yichuan Block, Ordos Basin, Li Shuguang, Nie Zhihong, Ji Liang, Zhou Changhui, Bai Kunsen, Huang Li, Zhen Huaibin, Xing Xuejie, Zhao Haifeng Sep 2026

Multi-Round Diverting Fracturing Technology For Deep-Seated Thin Coal Seams And Its Application: A Case Study Of The G3-1 Well Group In The Yichuan Block, Ordos Basin, Li Shuguang, Nie Zhihong, Ji Liang, Zhou Changhui, Bai Kunsen, Huang Li, Zhen Huaibin, Xing Xuejie, Zhao Haifeng

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Deep coal seams in the Yichuan block of the Ordos Basin are characterized by small thicknesses, vertical multi-layer superimposition, and strong vertical and horizontal heterogeneities. When used to develop these coal seams, multi-stage horizontal well fracturing faces challenges such as uneven fracture propagation across various stages in the horizontal direction and a low production degree of multiple coal seams in the vertical direction, complicating commercial exploitation. To address these issues, this study proposes a multi-round diverting fracturing technology based on a vertical cluster well group. In this technology, vertical layered fracturing using vertical cluster wells is employed to achieve …

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Scaling And Blockage In Deep Coalbed Methane Wells: Mechanisms And Countermeasures, Zhang Lei, Chen Ming, Zhen Huaibin, Zeng Wenting, Hao Pengcheng, Hou Wei, Yin Decai, Zhang Kang, Liu Chuanqing, Tian Zhida, Liu Qihu, Wang Qian, Xiong Wei, Sun Weiwei, Xia Fei, Wang Chunyan Sep 2026

Scaling And Blockage In Deep Coalbed Methane Wells: Mechanisms And Countermeasures, Zhang Lei, Chen Ming, Zhen Huaibin, Zeng Wenting, Hao Pengcheng, Hou Wei, Yin Decai, Zhang Kang, Liu Chuanqing, Tian Zhida, Liu Qihu, Wang Qian, Xiong Wei, Sun Weiwei, Xia Fei, Wang Chunyan

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background The exploitation of deep coalbed methane (CBM) is accompanied by continuous pressure drawdown. In this case, scaling and blockage are prone to occur in systems where formation water with high total dissolved solids (TDS) and high-concentration CO2 coexist. In the middle to late production stage, the blockage of both wellbore and flow pathways in reservoirs frequently leads to abrupt declines in gas production and bottomhole pressure or even induces the shutdown of natural flowing production, severely restricting the stable production of deep CBM wells. Methods This study investigated the Daning-Jixian block in the eastern Ordos Basin. Using multiple …

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Technology Roadmap And Countermeasures For Lean Development Of Low-Grade Deep Coalbed Methane: A Case Study Of The Linxing-Shenfu Block, Ordos Basin, Wu Guang’Ai, Xing Xuesong, Wu Jianshu, Zhu Ying, Zi Jingyu, Wang Zhi, Hou Yanan, Cheng Yuxiong, Liu Xin Sep 2026

Technology Roadmap And Countermeasures For Lean Development Of Low-Grade Deep Coalbed Methane: A Case Study Of The Linxing-Shenfu Block, Ordos Basin, Wu Guang’Ai, Xing Xuesong, Wu Jianshu, Zhu Ying, Zi Jingyu, Wang Zhi, Hou Yanan, Cheng Yuxiong, Liu Xin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Background Accelerating deep coalbed methane (CBM) exploitation is a strategic initiative for the energy security and energy mix optimization of China. The Linxing-Shenfu block in the Ordos Basin holds considerable resource potential of deep CBM. However, this block exhibits typical geological characteristics of low-grade deep CBM, including the complete absence of free gas, gas content < 14 m3/t, reservoir permeability < 0.1 × 10−3 μm2, and strong heterogeneity. These characteristics lead to low efficiency of conventional development models. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an efficient technical system tailored to these characteristics. Method To address the core contradiction between reservoir …

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Numerical Simulation Of Stress Shadow Effect And Cluster Spacing Optimization For Multi-Cluster Fracturing In Deep Coalbed Methane Horizontal Wells, Guo Guangshan, Deng Zhiyu, Sun Le, Pu Yifan, Wu Jian, Tao Shu, Chen Shaojuan, Chen Shida Sep 2026

Numerical Simulation Of Stress Shadow Effect And Cluster Spacing Optimization For Multi-Cluster Fracturing In Deep Coalbed Methane Horizontal Wells, Guo Guangshan, Deng Zhiyu, Sun Le, Pu Yifan, Wu Jian, Tao Shu, Chen Shaojuan, Chen Shida

Coal Geology & Exploration

Purpose Multi-stage, multi-cluster fracturing in horizontal wells represents a key technique for deep coalbed methane (CBM) recovery and the sustainable development of the industry. However, during multi-cluster fracturing in deep CBM horizontal wells, the stress shadow effect tends to induce non-uniform fracture propagation and a limited stimulated reservoir volume (SRV). Methods To address these challenges. this study established a two-dimensional (2D) numerical model for multi-cluster hydraulic fracturing in horizontal wells using the finite element method. Then, it systematically analyzed the impacts of in situ stress and cluster spacing on both the stress shadow effect and the competitive propagation of hydraulic …

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Fracturing With Three-Dimensional Full-Scale Fracture Network Propping For Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs: A Novel Ceramic Micro-Proppant And Its Verification Through Numerical Simulations, Li Xiang, Xu Jun, Li Ting, Zhang Xiaoyu, Yang Bo Sep 2026

Fracturing With Three-Dimensional Full-Scale Fracture Network Propping For Deep Coalbed Methane Reservoirs: A Novel Ceramic Micro-Proppant And Its Verification Through Numerical Simulations, Li Xiang, Xu Jun, Li Ting, Zhang Xiaoyu, Yang Bo

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Methods Conventional fracturing struggles to achieve the long-term effective propping of complex fracture networks during the development of deep coalbed methane (CBM) reservoirs. To address this challenge, this study developed a novel ceramic micro-proppant suitable for the volumetric microfracture propping and, through numerical simulations, verified its performance when it was applied to reservoir stimulation in conjunction with the technology of fracturing with three-dimensional full-scale fracture network propping. First, a novel ceramic micro-proppant with a core-shell structure was designed according to the requirements of microfracture propping. Its key properties, including compressive strength, settling behavior, hydraulic conductivity, and stability, were …

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A Spatiotemporal Surrogate Model And Multi-Objective Optimization For Multi-Well Coalbed Methane Production, Qin Yuancheng, Wang Mengyi, Wang Yanfeng, Li Yuan, He Bo, Fang Junling, Duan Qingshan, Liu Chen Sep 2026

A Spatiotemporal Surrogate Model And Multi-Objective Optimization For Multi-Well Coalbed Methane Production, Qin Yuancheng, Wang Mengyi, Wang Yanfeng, Li Yuan, He Bo, Fang Junling, Duan Qingshan, Liu Chen

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective and Methods In the full-lifecycle optimization of multi-well and long-term coalbed methane (CBM) production, conventional numerical simulation methods face challenges including extremely high computational costs and difficult multi-objective trade-offs. To address these issues, this study proposed a spatiotemporal surrogate model for multi-objective optimization of CBM production. First, a heterogeneous reservoir model involving 17 production wells was constructed based on high-fidelity numerical simulation, and a sample dataset was created by applying random perturbations to the baseline production scheme. Second, a hybrid surrogate model integrating a convolutional neural network (CNN) and a Transformer decoder was established. The CNN was utilized for …

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Numerical Simulation And Process Optimization Of Multi-Round Fracturing In Deep Coalbed Methane Wells In The Linxing-Shenfu Block, Li Yu, Zhang Liang, Li Yunyun, An Qi, Feng Xuesong, Lan Tian, Yu Ji, Liu Xin Sep 2026

Numerical Simulation And Process Optimization Of Multi-Round Fracturing In Deep Coalbed Methane Wells In The Linxing-Shenfu Block, Li Yu, Zhang Liang, Li Yunyun, An Qi, Feng Xuesong, Lan Tian, Yu Ji, Liu Xin

Coal Geology & Exploration

Objective Deep coalbed methane (CBM) holds considerable resource potential. However, deep CBM reservoirs exhibit high in-situ stresses, while deep coals feature strong plasticity and heterogeneity. These characteristics render it challenging to generate complex fracture networks through conventional fracturing, thus restricting the large-scale commercial development of deep CBM resources. Multi-round fracturing enables fracture initiation, propagation, and propping through sequential cycles of fracturing fluid injection, pump shut-in, and injection. By constantly changing near-wellbore stress fields, this technique facilitates the formation of complex fracture networks and ensures uniform reservoir stimulation. Method Using the finite-discrete element method (FDEM), this study established a numerical model …

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Complementary Thermodynamic Mechanisms Of Boron And Carbon Segregation At Grain Boundaries In Nickel Alloys, Tyler D. Dolezal, Rodrigo Freitas, Ju Li Sep 2026

Complementary Thermodynamic Mechanisms Of Boron And Carbon Segregation At Grain Boundaries In Nickel Alloys, Tyler D. Dolezal, Rodrigo Freitas, Ju Li

Faculty Publications

Grain boundary stabilization by light interstitials is central to the performance of Ni-based superalloys, yet the thermodynamic mechanisms governing their interactions with substitutional chemistry remain poorly resolved. Here, we use hybrid Monte Carlo molecular dynamics simulations to quantify how boron and carbon modify the thermodynamic, structural, and chemical ordering of grain boundaries in Ni-Cr alloys. By analyzing interfacial state variables, site-resolved segregation spectra, local chemical ordering, and structural evolution, we show that boron and carbon stabilize grain boundaries through complementary pathways. Carbon drives saturation-controlled stabilization by recruiting Cr and conditioning boundary chemistry, while suppressing temperature-driven structural transformations of the boundary. …

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Hands-On Ransomware: An Experiential Wannacry Case Study For Undergraduate Cybersecurity Education, Eli Creek Richmond, Thomas R. Devine Sep 2026

Hands-On Ransomware: An Experiential Wannacry Case Study For Undergraduate Cybersecurity Education, Eli Creek Richmond, Thomas R. Devine

Military Cyber Affairs

Ransomware represents one of the most disruptive threats in the cyber landscape, yet hands-on malware analysis remains rare in undergraduate cybersecurity curricula. This paper presents the design, implementation, and evaluation of an experiential learning module centered on the WannaCry ransomware case study, deployed in a senior-level course at West Virginia University. Students performed static and dynamic analysis using industry-standard tools. Pre- and post-module assessments demonstrated measurable gains in self-reported competency across seven technical dimensions. The module's competencies align directly with DoD Cyber Workforce Framework Work Role 212, Cyber Defense Forensics Analyst, supporting education-to-workforce pipeline development.

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From Framework To Toolchain: Implementing Zero Trust Architecture In Cloud-Native Environments For Dow Compliance, Shelby C. Snyder Sep 2026

From Framework To Toolchain: Implementing Zero Trust Architecture In Cloud-Native Environments For Dow Compliance, Shelby C. Snyder

Military Cyber Affairs

Federal agencies face a fiscal year 2027 target for enterprise-wide Zero Trust deployment, but NIST SP 800-207A defines logical components without identifying the Kubernetes technologies that implement them. This paper proposes a three-tier mapping of the Policy Engine, Policy Administrator, and Policy Enforcement Point to service mesh, microsegmentation, and perimeter tooling, stating the criteria by which each component is classified. It then applies a defined rubric to six Zero Trust vendors across component alignment, Kubernetes capability, federal authorization posture, and evidence quality, finding that no single vendor covers all three tiers. The mapping is a testable architectural proposition; a Stage …

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Semantic Shields: Automating Critical Infrastructure Defense Via Nlp-Driven Ransomware Profiling, Henry Trowbridge, Ian Zalcberg, Ryan Schley, Carter Yagemann, Natasha Phan, Srikar Maduposu, Vimal Buck Sep 2026

Semantic Shields: Automating Critical Infrastructure Defense Via Nlp-Driven Ransomware Profiling, Henry Trowbridge, Ian Zalcberg, Ryan Schley, Carter Yagemann, Natasha Phan, Srikar Maduposu, Vimal Buck

Military Cyber Affairs

Ransomware poses a growing threat to critical infrastructure, where successful attacks can disrupt operational technology (OT) and industrial control systems (ICS) with significant public safety consequences. However, attributing ransomware incidents to specific threat actors remains challenging due to ransomware-as-a-service ecosystems, actor rebranding, and the obfuscation of traditional indicators of compromise. This paper presents Semantic Shields, an NLP-driven attribution framework that leverages BERT-generated semantic embeddings and DBSCAN clustering to profile ransomware actors through the linguistic characteristics of ransom notes. Using a dataset of 295 ransom notes from 189 distinct threat groups, the framework achieved an 87.2% true positive clustering rate and …

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Application Of Machine Learning To Discover Dynamical Structures In 4d Poincaré Maps In The Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem, Kevin M. Trigg, Daniel J. Broyles, Robert A. Bettinger, Tyler J. Kapolka Sep 2026

Application Of Machine Learning To Discover Dynamical Structures In 4d Poincaré Maps In The Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem, Kevin M. Trigg, Daniel J. Broyles, Robert A. Bettinger, Tyler J. Kapolka

Faculty Publications

The spatial Circular Restricted Three-Body Problem (CR3BP) produces complex orbital dynamics that are difficult to classify at scale using traditional, manual Poincaré map analysis. A Poincaré map simplifies continuous orbital motion by recording the points where a trajectory intersects a chosen surface in phase space, converting a continuous path into a discrete set of crossings that reveal underlying topological structure. These crossings make it easier to characterize trajectory behavior, but interpreting them visually becomes impractical for large datasets and as Poincaré maps evolve from two into four dimensions. To address this challenge, an unsupervised clustering pipeline for discovering dynamical structures …

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Comparison Of Gravity Separation And Flotation For Pyrite Recovery From Tailings, Gülay Bulut, Gönül Göksu Gökçe, Dilruba Karamanlı, Oğuzhan Mert Gürkan, Ergin Sarp Zenzirci, Binnur Kırım, Alim Gül Sep 2026

Comparison Of Gravity Separation And Flotation For Pyrite Recovery From Tailings, Gülay Bulut, Gönül Göksu Gökçe, Dilruba Karamanlı, Oğuzhan Mert Gürkan, Ergin Sarp Zenzirci, Binnur Kırım, Alim Gül

Journal of Sustainable Mining

Tailings generated during the production of lead, zinc, and copper concentrates contain significant amounts of sulfide minerals, particularly pyrite. Pyrite, which remains in tailings after the recovery of other metals, is one of the main contributors to acid mine drainage (AMD). Therefore, recovering pyrite from tailings is environmentally and economically an important issue. In this study, pyrite recovery from tailings was investigated using flotation and gravity separation methods. Mineralogical characterization and liberation analyses were conducted by Mineral Liberation Analysis (MLA), indicating that pyrite is the major sulfide mineral with over 76% liberation degree even in the coarsest fractions. Flotation tests …

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Challenges, Trends, And The Role Of Lstm In Ai-Based Predictive Maintenance Of Electrolyzers For Solar Hydrogen Systems: A Review, Yani Koerniawan Kuatno, Muhamad Zahim Sujod Sep 2026

Challenges, Trends, And The Role Of Lstm In Ai-Based Predictive Maintenance Of Electrolyzers For Solar Hydrogen Systems: A Review, Yani Koerniawan Kuatno, Muhamad Zahim Sujod

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The transition toward low-carbon energy systems has increased interest in hydrogen as a clean energy carrier, with solar-driven water electrolysis emerging as a promising technology due to its high efficiency and compatibility with renewable energy sources. However, dynamic operating conditions and intermittent renewable input accelerate electrolyzer degradation, reducing reliability and system lifespan. Predictive maintenance (PdM), supported by artificial intelligence (AI), offers a data-driven approach to anticipate failures and improve operational durability. This review systematically investigates AI-based PdM approaches for electrolyzers, with an emphasis on long short-term memory (LSTM) networks and Internet of things (IoT) integration. Following PRISMA 2020 guidelines, 35 …

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Dynamic Focal Loss Adjustment For Railway Defect Detection, Mehmet Koç, Ridvan Özdemi̇r, Ömer Gerek Sep 2026

Dynamic Focal Loss Adjustment For Railway Defect Detection, Mehmet Koç, Ridvan Özdemi̇r, Ömer Gerek

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

Railway infrastructure is critical to the safe and efficient operation of transportation systems, and the early detection of defects is essential for preventing catastrophic failures. Automated defect detection methods are therefore crucial for maintaining continuous safety while reducing maintenance costs. Although Focal Loss is widely used in object detection under class-imbalanced conditions, its fixed α parameter may limit its effectiveness in detecting rare defects. In this study, we propose an adaptive α-tuned Focal Loss approach that dynamically adjusts class weights based on average precision (AP) values. By iteratively optimizing α without relying on gradient-based optimization, the proposed method improves the …

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Relative Rate Observer-Based Online Tuning Mechanism For Single-Input Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Pid Controllers, Oqba Aldreiei, Cenk Ulu, Mert Can Kurucu, Müjde Güzelkaya Sep 2026

Relative Rate Observer-Based Online Tuning Mechanism For Single-Input Interval Type-2 Fuzzy Pid Controllers, Oqba Aldreiei, Cenk Ulu, Mert Can Kurucu, Müjde Güzelkaya

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The characteristics of the footprint of uncertainty (FOU) in interval type-2 membership functions (IT2-MFs) are crucial to the performance and robustness of interval type-2 fuzzy controllers (IT2-FCs). However, existing IT2-FC design approaches mostly use fixed FOU structures. This study proposes an online membership function (MF) adjustment mechanism for a single-input interval type-2 fuzzy PID controller (SIT2-FPID)  that adjusts the FOU of the antecedent MFs and weights of the consequent MFs, respectively, to achieve high performance and robustness. The proposed online adjustment mechanism consists of a relative rate observer (RRO), a two-input rule-base adjustment system, and a first-order smoothing filter. The …

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Cuip-X25: A Real-World Network Intrusion Dataset For Next-Generation Ai-Driven Security, Arshad Iqbal, Sohail Asghar Sep 2026

Cuip-X25: A Real-World Network Intrusion Dataset For Next-Generation Ai-Driven Security, Arshad Iqbal, Sohail Asghar

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

The efficacy of artificial intelligence (AI) in intrusion detection systems (IDS) is critically dependent on high-fidelity training data. However, as detailed in the manuscript's literature review, existing benchmark datasets are predominantly synthetic, outdated, or imbalanced and fail to capture the complexity of the contemporary threat landscape. To bridge this gap, this study introduces CUIP-X25, a novel real-world cyber-attack dataset captured over a four-month period using a dionaea honeypot deployed on a public network. Unlike synthetic alternatives, this dataset provides an authentic representation of modern adversarial tactics, techniques, and procedures, encompassing 3.16 million real events across ten distinct attack categories, including …

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Robust Load Frequency Control For Multiarea Electrical Power Systems Via Analytical Proportional-Integral-Derivative Plus Second Order Derivative Controller Design, Yavuz Güler, Mustafa Nalbantoğlu, Ibrahim Kaya Sep 2026

Robust Load Frequency Control For Multiarea Electrical Power Systems Via Analytical Proportional-Integral-Derivative Plus Second Order Derivative Controller Design, Yavuz Güler, Mustafa Nalbantoğlu, Ibrahim Kaya

Turkish Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Sciences

This research presents a proportional-integral-derivative plus second order derivative (PIDD2) controller design based on the Direct Synthesis Method (DSM) for load frequency control (LFC) of interconnected power systems. The parameters of the proposed PIDD2 controller are determined using the DSM, which offers an analytical approach for tuning. The design approaches have been developed specifically for single, two, and three-area power systems, encompassing nonreheated and reheated thermal turbines. In the proposed design method, the best values of PIDD2 controller parameters were found by using a multicriteria objective function that includes the integral of absolute error (IAE) and settling time. In response …

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