Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
Physical Sciences and Mathematics Commons™
Open Access. Powered by Scholars. Published by Universities.®
- Keyword
-
- Applied sciences (15)
- Pure sciences (6)
- Polymer (3)
- Simulation (3)
- Chromatography (2)
-
- Accent classification (1)
- Acidification (1)
- Aerodynamic Interaction (1)
- Agent based modeling (1)
- Android (1)
- Application (1)
- Artificial intelligence (1)
- Association (1)
- Atomistic systems (1)
- Augmented sensing (1)
- Automated speech recognition (1)
- Bale (1)
- Bandwidth optimization (1)
- Beehive (1)
- Bilayer (1)
- Binary and multiple classifications (1)
- Biofuels (1)
- Biomass (1)
- Biomass storage (1)
- Biomedical optics (1)
- Bronsted acid sites (1)
- Calcium9carbon-monoxide12oxygen28 (1)
- Calibration and validation (1)
- Cancer research (1)
- Carbon black (1)
- Publication
- Publication Type
Articles 31 - 49 of 49
Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics
Utilizing Electron Microscopy And Spectroscopy Methods To Understand Water Structure And Water Doping, Lior Miller
Utilizing Electron Microscopy And Spectroscopy Methods To Understand Water Structure And Water Doping, Lior Miller
Open Access Dissertations
Water is the second most common element in the universe and the most studied material on earth. Most of the studies concerning water are from the fields of chemistry and biology. Hence, the structure of water molecules and short range order and interactions are well characterized and understood. However, the collective arrangement of water molecules and the long range order are still missing. Understanding of this long range order in water is needed, as it is the key to many water activities.
To fill this gap, this study utilizes a new direct method for characterization of water in the vapor …
Energy Systems Analysis For A Solar Economy, Dharik Sanchan Mallapragada
Energy Systems Analysis For A Solar Economy, Dharik Sanchan Mallapragada
Open Access Dissertations
The use of solar energy for human needs faces challenges owing to its relatively low energy intensity and intermittent availability, coupled with the constrained availability of renewable carbon and land resources. This study uses systems analysis tools to identify carbon and energy efficient transformations of solar energy for different purposes, including transportation fuels and grid-scale energy storage. These efforts have been complemented with a feasibility analysis of existing fossil-energy and other hybrid pathways.
In an era of limited fossil resources, liquid fuels from sustainably available (SA) biomass could meet the energy needs of the transportation sector. We present a method …
An Experimental Investigation Of Wind Turbine Aerodynamic Interaction, Brandon Lee Ennis
An Experimental Investigation Of Wind Turbine Aerodynamic Interaction, Brandon Lee Ennis
Open Access Dissertations
Wind turbines have become a viable component in the overall energy makeup of the United States due to improved economics where energy prices have risen and production costs dropped. For a fixed cost, the effectiveness of a wind turbine financially is highly related to its performance. Considering the size of current wind farms, a minor performance improvement will result in large additional sums of revenue. A problem that has received attention with wind farms is that while the fixed costs of the development do get spread out further to reduce the installed cost of each wind turbine, the wind turbines …
Cloud To Cloud Registration For 3d Point Data, Darion Shawn Grant
Cloud To Cloud Registration For 3d Point Data, Darion Shawn Grant
Open Access Dissertations
The vast potential of digital representation of objects by large collections of 3D points is being recognized on a global scale and has given rise to the popularity of point cloud data (PCD). 3D imaging sensors provide a means for quickly capturing dense and accurate geospatial information that represent the 3D geometry of objects in a digital environment. Due to spatial and temporal constraints, it is quite common that two or more sets of PCD are obtained to provide full 3D analysis. It is therefore quite essential that all the PCD are referenced to a homogeneous coordinate frame of reference. …
Applicability Of Continuum Fracture Mechanics In Atomistic Systems, Shao-Huan Cheng
Applicability Of Continuum Fracture Mechanics In Atomistic Systems, Shao-Huan Cheng
Open Access Dissertations
By quantitating the amplitude of the unbounded stress, the continuum fracture mechanics defines the stress intensity factor K to characterize the stress and displacement fields in the vicinity of the crack tip, thereby developing the relation between the stress singularity and surface energy (energy release rate G). This G-K relation, assigning physical meaning to the stress intensity factor, makes these two fracture parameters widely used in predicting the onset of crack propagation. However, due to the discrete nature of the atomistic structures without stress singularity, there might be discrepancy between the failure prediction and the reality of nanostructured materials. Defining …
An Analysis Of The Impact Of Storage Temperature, Moisture Content & Duration Upon The Chemical Components & Bioprocessing Of Lignocellulosic Biomass, Arun Athmanathan
An Analysis Of The Impact Of Storage Temperature, Moisture Content & Duration Upon The Chemical Components & Bioprocessing Of Lignocellulosic Biomass, Arun Athmanathan
Open Access Dissertations
The successful utilization of lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock for fuels and chemicals necessitates storage for 2-6 months. It is correspondingly important to understand the impact of storage parameters - moisture concentration, temperature and duration - on biomass quality.
As aerobic storage is the most viable large-scale solution, aerobic storage experiments were carried out with three projected bioenergy feedstocks - sweet sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) bagasse, corn (Zea mays) stover and switchgrass (Panicum virgatum). Stored samples of each were examined for dry matter loss and composition change to develop a material balance around carbohydrates and lignin.
A mean dry matter loss …
Technology Agnostic Analysis And Design For Improved Performance, Variability, And Reliability In Thin Film Photovoltaics, Sourabh Dongaonkar
Technology Agnostic Analysis And Design For Improved Performance, Variability, And Reliability In Thin Film Photovoltaics, Sourabh Dongaonkar
Open Access Dissertations
Thin film photovoltaics (TFPV) offer low cost alternatives to conventional crystalline Silicon (c-Si) PV, and can enable novel applications of PV technology. Their large scale adoption however, requires significant improvements in process yield, and operational reliability. In order to address these challenges, comprehensive understanding of factors affecting panel yield, and predictive models of performance reliability are needed. This has proved to be especially challenging for TFPV for two reasons in particular. First, TFPV technologies encompass a wide variety of materials, processes, and structures, which fragments the research effort. Moreover, the monolithic manufacturing of TFPV modules differs significantly from that of …
Universal Scaling And Intrinsic Classification Of Electro-Mechanical Actuators, Sambit Palit, Ankit Jain, Muhammad A. Alam
Universal Scaling And Intrinsic Classification Of Electro-Mechanical Actuators, Sambit Palit, Ankit Jain, Muhammad A. Alam
Birck and NCN Publications
Actuation characteristics of electromechanical (EM) actuators have traditionally been studied for a few specific regular electrode geometries and support (anchor) configurations. The ability to predict actuation characteristics of electrodes of arbitrary geometries and complex support configurations relevant for broad range of applications in switching, displays, and varactors, however, remains an open problem. In this article, we provide four universal scaling relationships for EM actuation characteristics that depend only on the mechanical support configuration and the corresponding electrode geometries, but are independent of the specific geometrical dimensions and material properties of these actuators. These scaling relationships offer an intrinsic classification for …
Using High-Resolution Weather Data To Improve Winter Weather Maintenance Operations, Michael Baldwin
Using High-Resolution Weather Data To Improve Winter Weather Maintenance Operations, Michael Baldwin
Purdue Road School
Substantial resources are required for winter maintenance operations. This presentation focuses on more accurate and precise weather information that can help reduce the uncertainty related to winter weather, resulting in improved decision-making and significant cost savings for winter operations.
Simulating Land Use Land Cover Change Using Data Mining And Machine Learning Algorithms, Amin Tayyebi
Simulating Land Use Land Cover Change Using Data Mining And Machine Learning Algorithms, Amin Tayyebi
Open Access Dissertations
The objectives of this dissertation are to: (1) review the breadth and depth of land use land cover (LUCC) issues that are being addressed by the land change science community by discussing how an existing model, Purdue's Land Transformation Model (LTM), has been used to better understand these very important issues; (2) summarize the current state-of-the-art in LUCC modeling in an attempt to provide a context for the advances in LUCC modeling presented here; (3) use a variety of statistical, data mining and machine learning algorithms to model single LUCC transitions in diverse regions of the world (e.g. United States …
Information Measures For Statistical Orbit Determination, Alinda Kenyana Mashiku
Information Measures For Statistical Orbit Determination, Alinda Kenyana Mashiku
Open Access Dissertations
The current Situational Space Awareness (SSA) is faced with a huge task of tracking the increasing number of space objects. The tracking of space objects requires frequent and accurate monitoring for orbit maintenance and collision avoidance using methods for statistical orbit determination. Statistical orbit determination enables us to obtain estimates of the state and the statistical information of its region of uncertainty given by the probability density function (PDF). As even collision events with very low probability are important, accurate prediction of collisions require the representation of the full PDF of the random orbit state. Through representing the full PDF …
The Palm-Tree Index: Indexing With The Crowd, Aamer Mahmood, Walid G. Aref, Eduard Dragut, Saleh Basalamah
The Palm-Tree Index: Indexing With The Crowd, Aamer Mahmood, Walid G. Aref, Eduard Dragut, Saleh Basalamah
Cyber Center Publications
Crowdsourcing services allow employing human intelligence in tasks that are difficult to accomplish with computers such as image tagging and data collection. At a relatively low monetary cost and through web interfaces such as Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (AMT), humans can act as a computational operator in large systems. Recent work has been conducted to build database management systems that can harness the crowd power in database operators, such as sort, join, count, etc. The fundamental problem of indexing within crowdsourced databases has not been studied. In this paper, we study the problem of tree-based indexing within crowd-nabled databases. We investigate …
An Evaluation Of Spatial Variability Of Water Stress Index Across The United States: Implications Of Supply And Demand In The East Vs The West, Jennifer Ann Roath
An Evaluation Of Spatial Variability Of Water Stress Index Across The United States: Implications Of Supply And Demand In The East Vs The West, Jennifer Ann Roath
Open Access Theses
In order to support both human and environmental needs, high quality fresh water must be available when and where it is required. As a metric for indicating unsustainable water usage, WSI is only useful when the values reflect accurate interactions between supply and demand; however, the complexity of temporal and spatial variability of available fresh water complicates the analysis of water stress.
The overall goal of this project was to investigate the spatial variability of water stress across the United States and the appropriate spatial scale for management decisions. To accomplish this, a national dataset describing spatial distribution and breakdown …
Specific Salt Effects On The Formation And Thermal Transitions Among Β-Lactoglobulin And Pectin Electrostatic Complexes, Stacey Ann Hirt
Specific Salt Effects On The Formation And Thermal Transitions Among Β-Lactoglobulin And Pectin Electrostatic Complexes, Stacey Ann Hirt
Open Access Theses
Factors of ion specificity and ionic strength (I~0-100) were studied in the electrostatic complex formation and protein particle formation by thermal treatment for a β-lactoglobulin and pectin system. ζ-potential showed β-lactoglobulin and pectin began to interact near pH 5.50 and interactions were strengthened with decrease in pH. Visible light turbidimetry and light scattering at 90° revealed a trend in critical pH transitions for electrostatic complex formation based on both the ionic strength and the anion of the salt species, while effects of the monovalent cation was insignificant. Critical pH values for complex formation and separation (pHc and pHΦ) decreased with …
Quantum Computing With Steady State Spin Currents, Brian Matthew Sutton
Quantum Computing With Steady State Spin Currents, Brian Matthew Sutton
Open Access Theses
Many approaches to quantum computing use spatially confined qubits in the presence of dynamic fields to perform computation. These approaches are contrasted with proposals using mobile qubits in the presence of static fields. In this thesis, steady state quantum computing using mobile electrons is explored using numerical modeling. Firstly, a foundational introduction to the case of spatially confined qubits embodied via quantum dots is provided. A collection of universal gates implemented with dynamic fields is described using simulations. These gates are combined to implement a five-qubit Grover search to provide further insight on the time-dependent field approach. Secondly, the quantum …
Accurate Prediction Of Spectral Phonon Relaxation Time And Thermal Conductivity Of Intrinsic And Perturbed Materials, Tianli Feng
Accurate Prediction Of Spectral Phonon Relaxation Time And Thermal Conductivity Of Intrinsic And Perturbed Materials, Tianli Feng
Open Access Theses
The prediction of spectral phonon relaxation time, mean-free-path, and thermal conductivity can provide significant insights into the thermal conductivity of bulk and nanomaterials, which are important for thermal management and thermoelectric applications. We perform frequency-domain normal mode analysis (NMA) on pure bulk argon and pure bulk germanium. Spectral phonon properties, including the phonon dispersion, relaxation time, mean free path, and thermal conductivity of argon and germanium at different temperatures have been calculated. We find the dependence of phonon relaxation time τ on frequency ω and temperature T vary from ~ω-1.3 to ~ω-1.8 and ~T-0.8 to ~T-1.8 …
Potential For Electrical Power Generation Using Forest Wood Biomass In Rural Areas Of Catalonia, Arnau Gonzalez
Potential For Electrical Power Generation Using Forest Wood Biomass In Rural Areas Of Catalonia, Arnau Gonzalez
Open Access Theses
Biomass is a renewable energy source that has been used for many years. However, its usage as an electricity source in Spain is not well developed due to many causes, among which highlights the lack of knowledge about the available technical potential. This research sought to close this gap assessing the technical potential for electricity generation using forest wood biomass in rural areas of Catalonia. The study characterizes the amount and type of biomass available in Catalonian forests that can be used to produce electricity without going beyond the capacity of regeneration of the forest, as well as the state-of-the-art …
Interactive Multivariate Data Exploration For Risk-Based Decision Making, Silvia Oliveros Torres
Interactive Multivariate Data Exploration For Risk-Based Decision Making, Silvia Oliveros Torres
Open Access Theses
Risk-based decision making is a data-driven process used to gather data about outcomes, analyze different scenarios, and deliver informed decisions to mitigate risk.
An interactive visual analytics system can help derive insights from large amounts of data and facilitate the risk management process thereby providing a suitable solution to examine different decision factors. This work introduces two separate systems that
incorporate visual analytics techniques to help the users in the tasks of identifying patterns, finding correlations, designing mitigation strategies, and assisting in the long term planning and assessment process. The first system looks at the National Health
and Nutrition Examination …
Chemical Consequences Of Chicxulub Impact Ejecta Reentry, Devon Donald Parkos
Chemical Consequences Of Chicxulub Impact Ejecta Reentry, Devon Donald Parkos
Open Access Theses
The Chicxulub impact 66.0 million years ago initiated the second biggest extinction in the Phanerozoic Eon. The global reentry of material ejected by the impact generated a strong pulse of thermal radiation that wiped out much of the terrestrial biota. The cause of the marine extinction, however, has remained elusive. This report shows that reentering ejecta produces enough NOx to acidify the upper ocean and cause a massive marine extinction. Using non-equilibrium chemically reacting flow simulations coupled with atmospheric transport modeling, it is determined that enough NOx reached the stratosphere and precipitated to overpower the carbonate buffer and acidify the …