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Animal Sciences

2001

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Articles 31 - 46 of 46

Full-Text Articles in Physical Sciences and Mathematics

Effects Of Epilimnetic Versus Metalimnetic Fertilization On The Phytoplankton And Periphyton Of A Mountain Lake With A Deep Chlorophyll Maxima, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, H. P. Gross, Phaedra E. Budy, Chris Luecke Jan 2001

Effects Of Epilimnetic Versus Metalimnetic Fertilization On The Phytoplankton And Periphyton Of A Mountain Lake With A Deep Chlorophyll Maxima, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, H. P. Gross, Phaedra E. Budy, Chris Luecke

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Nutrients can load directly to either the epilimnion or metalimnion of lakes via either differential inflow depths of tributaries or intentional fertilization of discrete strata. We evaluated the differential effects of epilimnetic versus metalimnetic nutrient loading using 17-m-deep mesocosms that extended into the deep chlorophyll layer of oligotrophic Pettit Lake in the Sawtooth Mountains of Idaho. Addition of nitrogen plus phosphorus stimulated primary production nearly identically (2.4- to 4-fold on different dates) in both treatments, with the production peaks occurring in the strata where nutrients were added. The metalimnetic fertilization, however, resulted in equal or greater stimulation of chlorophyll a …


Salmonine Consumption And Competition For Endemic Prey Fishes In Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, J. R. Ruzycki, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Chris Luecke Jan 2001

Salmonine Consumption And Competition For Endemic Prey Fishes In Bear Lake, Utah-Idaho, J. R. Ruzycki, Wayne A. Wurtsbaugh, Chris Luecke

Watershed Sciences Faculty Publications

Two principal sport fish—the indigenous Bonneville cutthroat trout Oncorhynchus clarki utah and the introduced lake trout Salvelinus namaycush—are the dominant piscivores in Bear Lake, a 282-km^2 oligotrophic system. These piscivores rely predominantly on four endemic prey fish species that make up a major portion of the unique Bear Lake fish assemblage. We estimated the annual biomass of pelagic and benthic prey fish by using hydroacoustic and trawling techniques. We also estimated the lakewide abundance of piscivores with a multiple mark–recapture survey and used a bioenergetics model to compare the population-level consumption of prey fish with prey fish production. Prey fish …


Growth Rate Variability And Lipofuscin Accumulation Rates In The Blue Crab Callinectes Sapidus, Se-Jong Ju, David H. Secor, H. Rodger Harvey Jan 2001

Growth Rate Variability And Lipofuscin Accumulation Rates In The Blue Crab Callinectes Sapidus, Se-Jong Ju, David H. Secor, H. Rodger Harvey

OES Faculty Publications

To better understand growth and age-pigment (lipofuscin) accumulation rates of the blue crab Callinectes sapidus under natural conditions, juveniles (33 to 94 mm carapace width) were reared in outdoor ponds for over 1 yr. Growth rates, measured by carapace width, during summer and fall exceeded all those reported in the literature; the initial carapace width of 59 ± 14 mm (mean ± SD) increased to 164 ± 15 mm within a 3 mo period. No growth occurred during winter months (November to April) at low water temperatures. Growth rates of crabs in ponds were substantially higher (von Bertalanffy growth parameter …


Evaluation Of Opercular Bones For Aging Eight Species Of Chesapeake Bay Fishes, Ann M. Sipe Jan 2001

Evaluation Of Opercular Bones For Aging Eight Species Of Chesapeake Bay Fishes, Ann M. Sipe

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


The 6th International Conference And Workshop On Lobster Biology And Management: An Introduction, Mark J. Butler Iv Jan 2001

The 6th International Conference And Workshop On Lobster Biology And Management: An Introduction, Mark J. Butler Iv

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Every three years or so, the International Conference and Workshop on Lobster Biology and Management (ICWL) brings together lobster scientists, fishery managers, and industry representatives from around the world for a week of scientific presentations, workshops, and discussions on lobster biology and management. The first ICWL was held in Perth, Australia, in January 1977. Its purpose was to bring together a small group of lobster researchers from the USA and Australia to discuss common issues and themes. That initial workshop spawned a continuing series of meetings that have become the international lobster conference for scientists—the equivalent of an international congress …


Growth Patterns Of Three Species Of Catfish (Ictaluridae) From Three Virginia Tributaries Of The Chesapeake Bay, William J. Connelly Jan 2001

Growth Patterns Of Three Species Of Catfish (Ictaluridae) From Three Virginia Tributaries Of The Chesapeake Bay, William J. Connelly

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Reproductive Biology Of Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, In The Chesapeake Bay, Elizabeth Shaw Watkins Jan 2001

Reproductive Biology Of Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, In The Chesapeake Bay, Elizabeth Shaw Watkins

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Age, Growth, And Mortality Of Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, In The Chesapeake Bay Region, John R. Foster Jan 2001

Age, Growth, And Mortality Of Atlantic Croaker, Micropogonias Undulatus, In The Chesapeake Bay Region, John R. Foster

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Nursery Delineation, Habitat Utilization, Movements, And Migration Of Juvenile Carcharhinus Plumbeus In Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, United States Of America, R. Dean. Grubbs Jan 2001

Nursery Delineation, Habitat Utilization, Movements, And Migration Of Juvenile Carcharhinus Plumbeus In Chesapeake Bay, Virginia, United States Of America, R. Dean. Grubbs

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

Chesapeake Bay is possibly the largest summer nursery for Carcharhinus plumbeus in the western Atlantic. Longline sampling conducted from 1990--1999 was used to delineate this nursery spatially and temporally. Catch data from 83 longline stations sampled throughout the Virginia Chesapeake Bay were analyzed as a function of nine physical and environmental variables to delineate this nursery spatially. Tree-based models determined which variables best discriminated between stations with high and low catches and indicated that complex distribution patterns could be adequately modeled with few variables. The highest abundance of juvenile sharks was predicted where salinity was greater than 20.5 and depth …


Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan Jan 2001

Life History Of The River Shiner, Notropis Blennius (Cyprinidae), In The Arkansas River Of Western Arkansas, Laura Hudson, Thomas M. Buchanan

Journal of the Arkansas Academy of Science

The reproductive cycle, food habits, and age and growth of the river shiner, Notropis blennius (Girard), in the Arkansas River of western Arkansas were studied from May 1996 through October 1997. Based on gonadosomatic indices and mean ovumd iameters of females, tubercle development in males, and the first appearance of young-of-year in samples, the breeding season extended from June through August in both 1996 and 1997. The river shiner is a diurnal, generalist feeder that forages on a wide variety of food items. In all four seasons, detritus dominated the diets of adults and juveniles in terms of volume and …


Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program Annual Report 2000, John A. Lucy, C.M. Bain Iii Jan 2001

Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program Annual Report 2000, John A. Lucy, C.M. Bain Iii

Reports

The Virginia Game Fish Tagging Program (VGFTP), in its sixth year during 2000, systematically trains and assists anglers in tagging a select number of species important to Virginia's marine recreational fishery and maintains the resulting tagging database. A cooperative project of the Virginia Marine Resources Commission and the Virginia Institute of Marine Science (VIMS), the program is primarily funded with revenues from Virginia's saltwater recreational fishing license funds (Recreational Fishing Development Fund). In addition, support for the program is provided by Virginia's Sea Grant Marine Advisory Program at VIMS.


Use Of Py-Gc/Ms Analysis Techniques In Animal Waste Management: A Preliminary Survey Of Dairy Manures, Daniel L. Vaughn, Michael A. Kruge Jan 2001

Use Of Py-Gc/Ms Analysis Techniques In Animal Waste Management: A Preliminary Survey Of Dairy Manures, Daniel L. Vaughn, Michael A. Kruge

Department of Earth and Environmental Studies Faculty Scholarship and Creative Works

The increasing practice of industrial-scale agriculture tends to concentrate large masses of animal waste in relatively compact areas, potentially leading to excessive release of polluting nutrients into waterways during major storms. Anaerobic treatment conditions are generally favored to conserve nitrate N as an agricultural commodity. However, overall N contents in waste are often in excess of crop fertilization needs: storing excess N in soluble nitrate form increases pollution potential. Thus the perceived needs of agriculture and society-at-large become at odds. Organic nitrogen forms (e.g., proteins) are more environmentally stable and are less subject to unintentional release. Although U.S. farmers tend …


Composting Of Feedlot And Dairy Manure: Compost Characteristics And Impact On Crop Yields, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Walker Luedtke, Mark Schroeder, Charles A. Francis, Gary Lesoing Jan 2001

Composting Of Feedlot And Dairy Manure: Compost Characteristics And Impact On Crop Yields, Galen E. Erickson, Terry J. Klopfenstein, Walker Luedtke, Mark Schroeder, Charles A. Francis, Gary Lesoing

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Since 1993, approximately 17,600 tons of beef feedlot and dairy compost have been spread on 1,100 acres. Crop yields were measured to determine the impact of a one-time compost application by using no-compost check strips in large-scale production fields. Adding compost to irrigated corn, irrigated soybeans, and dryland corn acres significantly increased yields, with four-year average increases of 2.3, 1.5, and 2.7%, respectively. For all crops measured, the response to compost was greatest the first year following application and declined linearly in subsequent years. The increased yield from compost application offsets spreading costs using average prices for crops.


Life History Attributes Of Mid-Atlantic Menidia Menidia (Pisces: Atherinidae) And A Comparison With Northern (Massachusetts) And Southern (South Carolina) Populations, Richard K. Holmquist Jan 2001

Life History Attributes Of Mid-Atlantic Menidia Menidia (Pisces: Atherinidae) And A Comparison With Northern (Massachusetts) And Southern (South Carolina) Populations, Richard K. Holmquist

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


A Descriptive Study Of The Reproductive Biology Of The Veined Rapa Whelk (Rapana Venosa) In The Chesapeake Bay, Erica S. Westcott Jan 2001

A Descriptive Study Of The Reproductive Biology Of The Veined Rapa Whelk (Rapana Venosa) In The Chesapeake Bay, Erica S. Westcott

Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects

No abstract provided.


Yield-Per-Recruit Analysis For Black Drum, Pogonias Cromis, Along The East Coast Of The United States And Management Strategies For Chesapeake Bay, Cynthia M. Jones, Brian K. Wells Jan 2001

Yield-Per-Recruit Analysis For Black Drum, Pogonias Cromis, Along The East Coast Of The United States And Management Strategies For Chesapeake Bay, Cynthia M. Jones, Brian K. Wells

OES Faculty Publications

Black drum, Pogonias cromis along the U.S. East Coast is subject to commercial and recreational harvest. However, prior to this study no modeling had been undertaken to examine the potential for overfishing in the Chesapeake Bay region. We present evidence from yield-per-recruit models that growth overfishing of black drum is unlikely under current fishing practices in this region. Particular attention was given to fishing practices in the Chesapeake Bay region where old, large fish predominate in the commercial and recreational catches (mean age=26 years: mean total length=108.4 cm; mean weight 22.1 kg). Yield-per-recruit model results showed that growth overfishing was …