Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons^™

Bovine Colostrum Supplementation Optimises Earnings, Performance And Recovery In Racing Thoroughbreds, C. K. Fenger, Thomas Tobin, P. J. Casey, Edward A. Roualdes, J. L. Langemeier, D. M. Haines

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Bovine colostrum (BC) is the first milk produced by cows after calving and contains numerous beneficial substances for the immunity and development of the newborn calf. Because of the growth and immune factors in BC, it has become an attractive supplement for use by athletes to support immunity and health during athletic performance. In order to evaluate the effects of oral BC supplementation on equine athletes, this study evaluated the earnings, performance, recovery and incidence of upper respiratory infections (URTI) in racing horses. The study design was a randomized cross-over racing performance study. 21 horses in race training were randomly …

Absorption And Utilization Of Choline And Vitamin B12 In Lactating Dairy Cows Using Different Delivery Methods, Virginia Maria Artegoitia Etcheverry

Doctoral Dissertations

Choline and vitamin B12 are essential nutrients for growth and performances of production animals. However, both nutrients are extensively degraded during digestion in the rumen. This thesis comprised three experiments. First, four cows equipped with a rumen cannula and catheters in the portal vein and a mesenteric artery received a post-ruminal bolus of: 1) cyanocobalamin (CN-CBL) alone (0.1 g) [gram], 2) CN-CBL (0.1 g) + casein (10 g) or 3) CN-CBL (0.1 g) + whey proteins (10 g). After the bolus, blood samples were taken until 24 h [hour] post-bolus. The intestinal absorption of CN-CBL was greater when the vitamin …

Differentiation Of Equine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Into Cells Of Neural Lineage And Their Application Into A Novel Model For Acute Peripheral Nerve Injury In The Horse, Claudia Cruz

Masters Theses

Studies have shown that mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate into extra-mesodermal lineages, including neurons. Positive outcomes were obtained after transplantation of neurally-induced MSCs in rats, rabbits and guinea pigs after nerve injury, but the effect of these cells is unknown in horses. Our objective was to test the ability of equine mesenchymal stromal cells to differentiate into cells of neuronal lineage, and to assess differences, if any, in morphology and protein expression. Additionally, we wanted to investigate if horse age and cell passage number contributed to the ability to achieve neural differentiation.

The first part of this …

Genetic Parameter Estimates And Breed Effects For Calving Difficulty And Birth Weight In A Multi-Breed Population, Cashley Ahlberg

Department of Animal Science: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

There are multiple breeds of beef cattle available to utilize in breeding systems to maximize production and economics. Calving difficulty (dystocia) is a significant cost to beef production and is more prevalent in first-calf heifers. The objectives of this study were to estimate genetic parameters and breed differences for calving difficulty and birth weight as a first step towards the development of across-breed adjustment factors for calving difficulty.

Two models were employed to analyze birth weight (BWT) and calving difficulty (CD) recorded on 4,579 first parity females from the Germplasm Evaluation program at the U.S. Meat Animal Research Center (USMARC). …

Glucose Significantly Enhances Enterotoxigenic Escherichia Coli Adherence To Intestinal Epithelial Cells Through Its Effects On Heat-Labile Enterotoxin Production, Prageeth Wijemanne, Rodney A. Moxley

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

The present study tested whether exposure of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) to glucose at different concentrations in the media results in increased bacterial adherence to host cells through increased heat-labile enterotoxin (LT) production, thereby suggesting the effects are physiological. Porcine-origin ETEC strains grown in Casamino acid yeast extract medium containing different concentrations of glucose were washed and inoculated onto IPEC-J2 porcine intestinal epithelial cells to test for effects on adherence and host cell cAMP concentrations. Consistent with previous studies, all LT+ strains had higher ETEC adherence to IPEC-J2 cells than did LT2 strains. Adherence of the LT2 but not the …

Copy Number Variation In The Horse Genome, Sharmila Ghosh, Zhipeng Qu, Pranab J. Das, Erica Fang, Rytis Juras, E. Gus Cothran, Sue Mcdonell, Daniel G. Kenney, Teri L. Lear, David L. Adelson, Bhanu P. Chowdhary, Terje Raudsepp

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

We constructed a 400K WG tiling oligoarray for the horse and applied it for the discovery of copy number variations (CNVs) in 38 normal horses of 16 diverse breeds, and the Przewalski horse. Probes on the array represented 18,763 autosomal and X-linked genes, and intergenic, sub-telomeric and chrY sequences. We identified 258 CNV regions (CNVRs) across all autosomes, chrX and chrUn, but not in chrY. CNVs comprised 1.3% of the horse genome with chr12 being most enriched. American Miniature horses had the highest and American Quarter Horses the lowest number of CNVs in relation to Thoroughbred reference. The Przewalski horse …

Clones Of Streptococcus Zooepidemicus From Outbreaks Of Hemorrhagic Canine Pneumonia And Associated Immune Responses, Sridhar Velineni, John F. Timoney, Kim Russell, Heidi J. Hamlen, Patricia Pesavento, William D. Fortney, P. Cynda Crawford

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Acute hemorrhagic pneumonia caused by Streptococcus zooepidemicus has emerged as a major disease of shelter dogs and greyhounds. S. zooepidemicus strains differing in multilocus sequence typing (MLST), protective protein (SzP), and M-like protein (SzM) sequences were identified from 9 outbreaks in Texas, Kansas, Florida, Nevada, New Mexico, and Pennsylvania. Clonality based on 2 or more isolates was evident for 7 of these outbreaks. The Pennsylvania and Nevada outbreaks also involved cats. Goat antisera against acutely infected lung tissue as well as convalescent-phase sera reacted with a mucinase (Sz115), hyaluronidase (HylC), InlA domain-containing cell surface-anchored protein (INLA), membrane-anchored protein (MAP), SzP, …

Intraocular Pressure Changes In Equine Athletes During Endurance Competitions, Rachel A. Allbaugh, Susan M. Keil, Zhining Ou, Nora M. Bello

Rachel A. Allbaugh

Objective To assess intraocular pressure (IOP) in conditioned equine athletes and document changes with exercise. A secondary objective was to assess associations between IOP and heart rate, as well as with other subjective physical parameters.

Sample Population Horses were evaluated during 50 mile endurance ride competitions. Data were collected on 69 horses during 5 different competitions at 3 different locations with 59 horses ridden once, 9 horses ridden in two competitions, and 1 horse ridden in three competitions for a total of 80 horse-ride combinations.

Procedures Intraocular pressure was measured using a TonoVet® tonometer in both eyes of each horse …

Diseases Of The Pharynx, Charles W. Raker

Charles W. Raker (1920 - 2014)

No abstract provided.

Diseases Of The Guttural Pouch, Charles W. Raker

Charles W. Raker (1920 - 2014)

No abstract provided.

Clinical Observations Of Bone And Joint Diseases In Horses, Charles W. Raker

Charles W. Raker (1920 - 2014)

Bone and joint diseases in the horse, as observed by the veterinary clinician, assume many forms frequently producing signs of lameness. The bones or joints of the limbs are most commonly affected and many factors which operate either singly or collectively produce the lesions observed.

Congenital Lateral Luxation Of The Patella In The Horse, James R. Rooney, Charles W. Raker, K. J. Harmany

Charles W. Raker (1920 - 2014)

Lateral luxation of the patella has been described in horses and ponies. Medial luxation has been reported only twice. Upward fixation of the patella is not true luxation. This report concerns two cases of lateral luxation of the patella related to hypoplasia of the lateral ridge of the trochlea of the femur.

Characterization Of Corynebacterium Pseudotuberculosis Biovar Equi Isolates Obtained From Cal Poly Horses And Review Of Application Of Transposons To Better Prevent Pigeon Fever In Horses, Irene Hasen

Animal Science

No abstract provided.

The Long Haul: Risks Associated With Livestock Transport, Michael Greger

Michael Greger, MD, FACLM

The Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations describes live animal transport as “ideally suited for spreading disease,” given that animals may originate from different herds or flocks and are “confined together for long periods in a poorly ventilated stressful environment.” Given the associated “serious animal and public health problems,” the Federation of Veterinarians of Europe has called for the replacement of the long-distance transportation of live animals for slaughter as much as possible to a “carcass-only trade.” In the United States, more than 50 million live cattle, sheep, and pigs and an unknown number of the more …

Evaluating Colostrum Quality With Niacin Supplementation In The Diet Of Dairy Cattle, Allison Marie Pike

Student Research Projects

Dairy calves are born with a naive immune system, and must obtain passive immunity through ingestion of colostrum. Colostrum provides the newborn with antimicrobial proteins called immunoglobulins, such as immunoglobulin G (IgG), that protect the calf for the first few weeks of life. Calves that receive good quality colostrum (>50 g/L of IgG) are more likely to survive to adulthood. Niacin is a vasodilator that may increase blood flow to the mammary gland during production of colostrum in the mother. This experiment investigated the effect of niacin supplementation at a rate of 48 g/cow/day for 3 weeks before calving …

The Spread And Potential Control Of Disease Across The Domestic Cattle-Wildlife Interface, Rachel Jackson

Chancellor’s Honors Program Projects

No abstract provided.

Biological Variation Of Thromboelastography Variables In Ten Healthy Female Horses, Jennifer Lee Scruggs

Masters Theses

Biological variability (BV) has important applications in laboratory medicine. It can be a source of variation in measured analyte values and provide guidance on reference interval use. BV has three components: between-individual variation (CVg), caused by differences in mean values of a particular analyte among members of a group, within-individual variation (CVi), caused by fluctuations around an individual’s inherent homeostatic set point, and analytical variation (CVa). Thromboelastography (TEG), a type of viscoelastic coagulation analysis, is becoming increasingly common in veterinary referral centers. Despite increased popularity, the optimal method of results interpretation is not clear. While population-based reference intervals (PRI) are …

Improved Detection Of Streptococcus Equi Subspecies Equi In Drinking Water, Lily A. Mclaughlin

Honors College

Streptococcus equi subspecies equi (S. equi) is the causative agent of strangles, a contagious respiratory disease of horses. Transmission of the bacteria can occur when animals share water sources. Detection of S. equi in water could improve strangles surveillance and move towards eradication of the disease. The aims of this study were to determine the optimal membrane pore size for bacterial retention from an aqueous suspension, to determine the likely dispersion pattern of S. equi contaminated mucus in a water bucket to develop a collection technique to be used by veterinarians, and to find the sensitive range for …

Using Progesterone As An Indicator Of Ovarian Response To Stimulation In Cattle, Kayla Mariah Kauffman

Animal Science

No abstract provided.

Estudio Retrospectivo De Caballos Con Síndrome De Abdomen Agudo Diagnosticados Con Desplazamiento De Colon Dorsal Derecho En El Centro De Veterinaria Y Zootecnia De La Universidad Ces Durante El Período 2005 - 2013, María Camila Maldonado Vera

Medicina Veterinaria

El estudio retrospectivo pretende dar una descripción acerca de los datos históricos de pacientes equinos diagnosticados con desplazamiento de colon dorsal derecho en el Centro de Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad CES; esto con el fin de caracterizar los signos clínicos más comúnmente asociados a esta patología, resultados del examen físico, hallazgos en las ayudas diagnósticas y exámenes de laboratorio, mortalidad pre y postquirúrgica, así como también tratamiento y manejo medico postquirurgico , en el período de tiempo comprendido entre junio 2005 a julio 2013. Se analizaron las historias clínicas de 425 pacientes recibidos en el CES atendidos por …

Análisis De La Capacidad Diagnóstica De Zoonosis Neurológicas De Tipo Viral En Équidos En Cundinamarca, Ximena Bernal

Medicina Veterinaria

Las zoonosis de tipo viral en equinos, su detección y diagnóstico se han convertido en un reto para la salud pública en Colombia, ya que son enfermedades de declaración obligatoria ante las autoridades sanitarias y considerando la alta morbilidad y letalidad que estas enfermedades pueden llegar a causar en los équidos, se busca facilitar prácticas de manejo, de exportación e importación, eliminación, prevención y control. Teniendo en cuenta esto, se realizó el trabajo haciendo una comparación acerca de las pruebas diagnósticas realizadas en el departamento de Cundinamarca para este tipo de zoonosis y las realizadas internacionalmente, midiendo en términos de …

Reporte De Caso Síndrome De Disfunción Orgánica Múltiple Sdom Por Hipovolemia En Una Yegua De La Escuela Militar De Cadetes, Lina Marcela Peña-Rios Ribero

Medicina Veterinaria

No abstract provided.

Efecto Del Entrenamiento En Los Valores Hematológicos De Equinos Árabes Y Anglo-Árabes De Enduro, Juan Camilo Camacho Tobón, Andrés Lozano Gutierrez

Medicina Veterinaria

El objetivo de esta investigación es determinar los cambios fisiológicos generados por diferentes grados de entrenamiento en la línea roja de caballos árabes y angloárabes en la sabana de Bogotá. Las muestras se obtuvieron de 60 animales entre los 5 a 9 años (tanto hembras como machos), los cuales se encontraban ubicados en diferentes criaderos. siendo esta cantidad representativa respecto a la población total registrada de esta raza. La toma de muestras se realizó de la vena yugular, y la sangre fue depositada en tubos con anticoagulante EDTA de 5 ml. Se hizo una sola toma por animal teniendo en …

Efecto De Polipéptidos Linforeticulares, En Los Valores Hemáticos E Inmunoglobulina G En Un Grupo De Equinos De Paso Colombiano En Tabio, Cundinamarca, Diana Patricia Pacheco González, Adriana Paola Bermúdez Rodríguez

Medicina Veterinaria

Los Polipéptidos linforeticulares de origen esplénico y hepático porcino son una alternativa como inmunoestimulantes y coadyuvantes en diferentes procedimientos biológicos y enfermedades. Este tratamiento de apoyo metabólico se asocia al concepto de que la célula es una fábrica de proteínas y necesita por consiguiente de un soporte metabólico específico para si misma o un tejido en deterioro. El objetivo del trabajo fue determinar el efecto de los polipéptidos linforeticulares sobre los valores hemáticos y de inmunoglobulina G en un grupo de equinos de paso criollo Colombiano en Tabio, Cundinamarca. Se seleccionaron 20 equinos sanos del criadero Danielandia, separados en un …

Secuenciación Y Análisis Del Gen De La Miostatina Gdf 8 En Búfalos De La Raza Murrah Y Sus Cruces Para Determinar La Existencia De Posibles Mutaciones Que Se Expresen En Doble Musculatura En El Departamento De Antioquia, María Angélica Reyes Páez, Natalia Johana Rojas Tovar

Medicina Veterinaria

La Miostatina o GDF-8 (growth diferentiation factor-8) es un regulador extracelular negativo que se expresa a nivel de la masa muscular. Es miembro de la familia de los factores de crecimiento TGF-β, el cual es muy importante en el desarrollo y la fisiología del musculo. Desde el siglo XIX se han presentado bovinos con un desarrollo muscular desproporcionado, debido a mutaciones que inhibe la acción de la Miostatina, a esto se le denomina doble musculatura. Estos individuos se caracterizan por un aumento generalizado de la masa muscular de un 20%, debido a una hiperplasia muscular la cual es más evidente …

Determinación De La Prevalencia De Mastitis Clínica Y Subclínica En Búfalas Lecheras Bubalus Bubalis En Un Hato Búfalero Del Magdalena Medio Y Uno De Los Llanos Orientales, Julia Fernanda Moscoso Moscoso, Pilar Marcela Pinzón Castellanos

Medicina Veterinaria

La población bufalina se ha incrementado en los últimos años en Colombia, sin embargo solo se ha estudiado como una especie de producción (carne, leche y trabajo), pero en su salud y diversas patologías es muy poco lo que se conoce de ella. Este estudio se llevó a cabo en el municipio de Granada (Meta) y en el municipio de Puerto Boyacá, (Boyacá) los cuales presentan diferencias de clima, humedad relativa, y el manejo en cada uno de los predios. Se analizaron datos correspondientes a 15 búfalas de cada una de los hatos búfaleras para un total 30 animales seleccionadas …

Efecto De Un Suplemento Alimenticio A Base De Aminoácidos En Terneras Lactantes, Maria Cristina Delgado Mora

Medicina Veterinaria

Con el objetivo de mejorar los estándares de producción y productividad en explotaciones de ganado lechero, se evaluó el efecto al suministrar un suplemento alimenticio llamado Promocalier L47, un producto cultivado sobre sustrato vegetal que aporta aminoácidos esenciales adicionado de vitaminas que son indispensables para un correcto funcionamiento orgánico (Laboratorios CALIER de los Andes SA, 2012). Se emplearon 15 terneras lactantes de raza Holstein, provincias del municipio de la Calera, con un rango de edad entre los primeros cuatro meses de edad; las cuales se dividieron en tres subgrupos conformados por 6 animales cada uno de ellos. Denominados así: grupo …

Reporte De Caso Clínico Persistencia De Copas Endometriales En Yegua Psi De 16 Años, Carlos Mario Polo Sánchez

Medicina Veterinaria

No abstract provided.

Endometritis Crónica En Yegua De Raza Criollo Colombiano, Hugo Andres Acero Baquero

Medicina Veterinaria

No abstract provided.

Studies On Equine Placentitis, Igor Frederico Canisso

Theses and Dissertations--Veterinary Science

Two types of placentitis were studied: ascending and nocardioform placentitis. Although the first diagnosis of nocardioform placentitis was made three decades ago, little is known about the disease, due to the lack of an experimental model. In attempt to develop a research model, Crossiela equi was inoculated through intrauterine, intravenous, intrapharyngeal, and oral routes, but none of the routes resulted in nocardioform placentitis. This may indicate that unidentified factors may play a role in disease pathogenesis and that simple presence of bacteria is not sufficient to induce nocardioform placentitis. The second and major component of this dissertation involved the identification …