Large or Food Animal and Equine Medicine Commons^™

Effects Of Relative Humidity On Meat Quality In Dry Aged Beef, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Soon K. Lau, Morgan L. Henriott, Nicolas J. Herrera, Nicolas A. Bland, Jeyamkondan Subbiah, Chris Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

During dry- aging, water is transferred from the interior to the meat surface and is subsequently evaporated to the surrounding environment. Th ere is a common belief in the meat industry that rapid drying creates a hard crust on the meat surface, which would act as a protective barrier against moisture loss, holding moisture on the inside of the product. Th is phenomenon is called case hardening. If this hypothesis is correct, drying at low relative humidity would be recommended in order to get case hardening and avoid excessive yield loss. Th is study was conducted to evaluate the effects …

Impact Of Feeding Syngenta Enhanced Feed Corn As Dry- Rolled Corn, High- Moisture Corn, Or A Blend To Finishing Yearlings, Mckenna M. Brinton, Bradley M. Boyd, F. Henry Hilscher, Levi J. Mcphillips, J. C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing study evaluated the effect of corn hybrid and processing type on finishing performance of yearling steers. Treatment design was a 2×3+1 factorial, with two hybrids that included a conventional commercial corn (CON) and Syngenta’s Enogen Feed Corn (EFC). Corn was processed and fed as dry- rolled corn (DRC), high- moisture corn (HMC), or a 50:50 blend of the two for each hybrid. An additional treatment included 50% EFC DRC and 50% CON HMC, to evaluate a blend of the two hybrids and processing types. An interaction between hybrid and processing method was observed for ADG and F:G. Cattle …

Eff Ect Of Revalor- Xh, Revalor- 200, And Combination Revalor- Ih/Revalor- 200 On Yearling Heifer Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Zachary E. Carlson, Galen E. Erickson, Caitlin A. Coulson, D. J. Jordon, Robert J. Cooper, Tony L. Scott, Sheri J. Bundy, Brandon L. Nuttelman

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A commercial feedlot trial tested three implant strategies (Revalor- 200 on day 0, Revalor- IH on d 0 and re- implanted with Revalor- 200 on d 56, or Revalor- XH on d 0) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of heifers fed for 138 d. Th ere were no differences observed for final body weight, dry matter intake, or average daily gain on a live basis among implant strategies. Heifers implanted with Revalor- IH/200 combination had greater carcass- adjusted final body weight and improved feed conversion compared to Revalor- 200 and Revalor- XH. Hot carcass weights, dressing percent, and LM …

Evaluation Of Two Implant Strategies, Revalor- Xh Or A Combination Revalor- Ih/Revalor- 200 On Heifer Growth Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Zachary E. Carlson, Galen E. Erickson, Bill D. Dicke, Marshall N. Streeter

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A commercial feedlot trial examined effects of two implant strategies (Revalor- IH on d 1 and re- implanted with Revalor- 200 on d 101 or Revalor- XH on d 1) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of heifers fed 183 days. Th ere were no differences between implant strategies for final body weight, dry matter intake, and average daily gain. Heifers implanted with the combination IH/200 treatment had improved carcassadjusted feed conversion, greater LM area, and lower calculated yield grade compared to heifers implanted with XH. Th e response in growth performance between the two implant strategies suggests that the …

Comparing Shredlage® And Conventional Silage As A Roughage Component In Steam- Flaked Corn Diets For Finishing Cattle, Brianna Conroy, Matt Jaynes, Robbi Pritchard, Karla H. Jenkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A study was conducted at the Panhandle Research and Extension Center feedlot evaluating SHREDLAGE® processed at 26.5 mm and 1 mm gap; by CLAAS, to conventional chopped corn silage at 13 mm with a standard CLAAS processor set to 1 mm, as a roughage source at two inclusions for cattle fed steam- flaked corn based finishing diets. Yearling steers (930 lb) were fed finishing diets containing 9 or 14% (dry matter basis) conventionally chopped corn silage or corn SHREDLAGE® in a 2 × 2 factorial treatment arrangement. Cattle fed rations containing SHREDLAGE had greater final body weight, hot carcass weight, …

Chopped Sugar Beets For Growing And Finishing Cattle, K. H. Jenkins, Brianna Conroy

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred steers (n=270; 645 lb, ± 3 lb) were used in a 2 × 3 factorial treatment design in a growing (54 d) and finishing study (130 d). Th e factors were 0 or 44% sugar beets (dry matter basis) in place of dry rolled corn, during the growing phase and 0, 15, or 30% sugar beets during the finishing phase. Daily gain was not different for the growing treatments but the calves on the 44% sugar beet treatment had less dry matter intake than those on the 0% sugar beet treatment, making them 5.5% more efficient. However, during the …

2020 Nebraska Beef Cattle Report

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Cow/Calf

• Evaluation of Level of Milk Potential on Nutrient Balance in 2- and 4-Year-Old May-Calving Range Cows Grazing Sandhills Upland Range
• Effect of Age of Dam on Heifer Progeny Performance
• Effect of GnRH Injection at -72 h in MGA-PG Estrus Synchronization Protocol
• Efficacy of a Second Injection of Prostaglandin F_2α in Yearling Beef Heifers Following Previous Estrus Synchronization
• Evaluation of Commercial Genomic Tests for Maternal Traits in Crossbred Beef Cattle
• Combined Analysis on the Effects of Late Gestation Supplementation in a Spring Calving Beef Herd
• Comparing March and May Calving Systems in the Nebraska Sandhills

Growing

• Evaluating Syngenta Enogen …

Effect Of Urea And Distillers Inclusion In Dry- Rolled Corn Based Diets On Heifer Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Bradley M. Boyd, Kristin E. Hales, Andrew P. Foote, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Crossbred heifers (n=96, BW = 810 ± 20) were utilized to evaluate the effects of increasing wet distillers grains plus solubles and urea inclusion in a dry rolled corn based finishing diet on performance and carcass characteristics. Heifers were individually fed using a calan gate system with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Factors included distillers inclusion at either 10 or 20% of diet DM and urea inclusion at either 0.2 or 1.4% of diet DM. Th ere was no difference for final body weight, average daily gain, and feed conversion on a live or carcass adjusted basis …

Commercial Genetic Testing For Type 2 Polysaccharide Storage Myopathy And Myofibrillar Myopathy Does Not Correspond To A Histopathological Diagnosis, Stephanie J. Valberg, C. J. Finno, Marisa L. Henry, Melissa Schott, Deborah Velez-Irizarry, Sichong Peng, Erica C. Mckenzie, Jessica L. Petersen

Department of Animal Science: Faculty Publications

Background: Commercial genetic tests for type 2 polysaccharide storage myopathy (PSSM2) and myofibrillar myopathy (MFM) have not been validated by peer-review, and formal regulation of veterinary genetic testing is lacking.

Objectives: To compare genotype and allele frequencies of commercial test variants (P variants) in MYOT (P2; rs1138656462), FLNC (P3a; rs1139799323), FLNC (P3b; rs1142918816) and MYOZ3 (P4; rs1142544043) between Warmblood (WB) and Arabian (AR) horses diagnosed with PSSM2/MFM by muscle histopathology, and phenotyped breed-matched controls. To quantify variant frequency in public repositories of ancient and modern horse breeds.

Study design: Cross sectional using archived clinical material and publicly available data.

Methods: …

Growth And Performance Of Terminal Sired Calves Grazing Range Or Meadow Pasture, Robert L. Ziegler, Tonya L. Meyer, Jacki A. Musgrave, J. C. Macdonald, J. Travis Mulliniks, Rick N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Multiparous dams were assigned to be bred by artificial insemination or natural service to bulls with terminal traits. Additionally, the cow- calf pairs grazed upland range or sub- irrigated meadow from June 1 to weaning in November. Two weeks aft er weaning, calves entered the feedlot as calffeds. Natural service range calves had the lightest weaning weights, final live weights, and hot carcass weights. Additional days on feed may be required for natural service range calves to reach similar body weights and carcass characteristics as other treatments. Average daily gain and feed conversion was improved in calves that grazed range …

Evaluation Of Masters Choice Corn Silage On Growing Steer Performance, Jiehua Xiong, Bradley M. Boyd, Levi Mcphillips, Kyle Vosburgh, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A growing study evaluated three corn silage hybrids on growing steer performance. Th e three hybrids were: a conventional hybrid- Farm Choice (CON) commonly grown in Eastern Nebraska which served as the control, Masters Choice hybrids MCT6365 RIB (MC1) selected to improve fi ber and starch digestion and MCT6733 GT3000 (MC2) that has been selected to improve fi ber digestion in cattle. Relative to CON, feeding hybrid MC1 resulted in similar DMI, but numerically increased ADG which significantly improved F:G compared to CON. Feeding MC2 led to greater DMI, similar ADG, and poorer (greater) F:G compared to CON. Feeding Masters …

Evaluation Of Level Of Milk Potential On Nutrient Balance In 2- And 4- Year- Old May- Calving Range Cows Grazing Sandhills Upland Range, J. Travis Mulliniks, Don C. Adams

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A modeling study evaluated the effects of milk production level on nutrient balance in May- calving cows grazing Sandhills upland range during the breeding season. Forage quality of upland range peaks in June and steadily declines in July until November. With timing of forage quality decline and increasing nutrient demands due to lactation, cows were in a negative energy balance in late June and early July prior to deficiency of metabolizable protein. Supplementation to meet energy deficiencies in June and July and MP deficiencies in July with distiller grains that is high ruminally undegradable protein and high fiber energy may …

Evaluation Of Rup Content Of Nexpro Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles And Their Effect On Growing Calf Performance In Corn Silage Based Diets, Aksel R. Wiseman, Zachary E. Carlson, Levi J. Mcphillips, Galen E. Erickson, Andrea K. Watson, Scott L. Tilton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A growing study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing NexPro, a high- protein dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) from the FluidQuip MSC post- fermentation separation process, in a corn- silage based diet and to determine the rumen undegradable protein (RUP) content of NexPro. Three test proteins (NexPro, SoyPass, and soybean meal) and 4 inclusion levels (4.5, 9, 13.5, and 18%) were evaluated against a common control (0% test protein). Th ere were no differences in dry matter intake among treatments. Increasing inclusion of NexPro resulted in improved feed conversion and daily gain. SoyPass and soybean meal supplementation …

Forage Production And Calf Gains When Grazing Oats Following Corn Harvest, Mckenna M. Brinton, Benjamin H. Hansen, Kristen M. Ulmer, Zachary E. Carlson, F. Henry Hilscher, Mary E. Drewnoski, Jim C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A 4 yr. study was conducted to evaluate forage yield and grazing potential of double cropped annual forages following corn silage or high- moisture corn harvest. An irrigated field in a corn- soybean rotation was split in half and harvested as either corn silage or high- moisture corn, and crops were sampled to determine any effects on subsequent yield due to cover and grazing. Over the four years, steers grazing oats aft er corn silage harvest gained an average of 2.35 lb/d, while those grazing corn residue and oats aft er high- moisture corn harvest averaged 1.28 lb/d. Average oat …

Evaluation Of Fluidquip Fiber Stream Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles On Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Diets, Aksel R. Wiseman, Bradley M. Boyd, Levi J. Mcphillips, Galen E. Erickson, Andrea K. Watson, Scott L. Tilton

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing study was conducted to evaluate the effect of feeding dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) from the MSC- fi ber stream of the FluidQuip post- fermentation fiber separation process compared to conventional DDGS at two inclusion levels (20% and 40% of diet dry matter). Inclusion of DDGS from MSC or conventional processing methods resulted in increased dry matter intake and daily gain. Despite increased gain, feed conversion tended to be worse for MSC DDGS. Daily gain tended to respond quadratically with increasing inclusion of conventional DDGS with gain increasing from 0 to 20% inclusion, but decreasing from 20 …

Statistics Used In The Nebraska Beef Cattle Report And Their Purpose

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Th e purpose of beef cattle and beef product research at UNL is to provide reference information that represents the various populations (cows, calves, heifers, feeders, carcasses, retail products, etc) of beef production. Obviously, the researcher cannot apply treatments to every member of a population; therefore he/she must sample the population. Th e use of statistics allows the researcher and readers of the Nebraska Beef Cattle Report the opportunity to evaluate separation of random (chance) occurrences and real biological effects of a treatment. Following is a brief description of the major statistics used in the beef report. For a more …

Impact Of Myoglobin Oxygenation State On Color Stability Of Frozen Beef Steaks, Morgan L. Henriott, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Nicolas J. Herrera, Kellen B. Hart, Nicolas A. Bland, Chris Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The objective of this study was to determine the impacts of myoglobin oxygenation level and frozen storage duration on frozen beef color. Strip loins were wet- aged for 4 or 20 days and were fabricated into steaks that were assigned a myoglobin oxygenation level (highly oxygenated, lowly oxygenated, or deoxymyoglobin) and packaging film (impermeable or permeable). Steaks were then frozen for 0, 2, 4, or 6 months of storage and analyzed for various beef color measurements. Highly oxygenated steaks had greater a* values (redness) and percent oxymyoglobin compared to the other treatments. Frozen storage beyond 4 months and oxygen impermeable …

Dose Titration Of Wet Distillers Grains Plus Solubles Replacing Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn And Interaction Between Corn Type And Distillers Inclusion, Mckenna M. Brinton, Bradley M. Boyd, Brianna B. Conroy, Hannah C. Wilson, J. C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

incomplete 2×4 factorial finishing study evaluated the effect of corn hybrid fed as dry- rolled corn, and inclusion level of wet distillers grains plus solubles on finishing performance of yearling steers. Th e two hybrids included a conventional commercial corn and Syngenta’s Enogen Feed Corn which contains an alpha amylase enzyme trait. Diets contained 0, 15, 30, or 45% with Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn and 0 or 30% wet distillers grains plus solubles in control corn diets. Increasing wet distillers grains plus solubles with Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn linearly increased hot carcass weight, dry matter intake, and average daily gain, …

Nutrient Digestibility Of Condensed Algal Residue Solubles In Beef Cattle Fishing Diets, Mitchell M. Norman, Hannah C. Wilson, Andrea K. Watson, Galen E. Erickson, Jonathan W. Wilson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Condensed algal residue solubles (CARS) were evaluated in finishing cattle diets. Six treatments were evaluated (2 × 3 factorial arrangement), CARS inclusion in the diet at 0, 5, or 10% of diet dry matter with 0 or 20% wet distillers grains. Th e remainder of the diets consisted of 57.5– 87.5% dry rolled corn, 7.5% sorghum silage and 5% supplement. Increasing wet distillers grains in the diet had no effect on dry matter and organic matter intake but decreased dry matter and organic matter digestibility. Increasing CARS inclusion in the diet resulted in lower dry matter and organic matter intake …

Environmental Sampling Techniques For Herd-Level Surveillance Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus, Jaden Carlson

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

Control of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) relies on resource-intensive individual animal sampling to detect and remove persistently infected (PI) cattle. Herd-level surveillance tools would be useful for herds with unknown BVDV status and for monitoring herds with BVDV-free status. The overall objective of this thesis is to explore the viability of BVDV surveillance at a herd-level using samples collected without handling individual animals. The first objective was to determine the feasibility of using stable flies as a sampling tool to detect BVDV. The second objective was to determine the feasibility of using drinking water to detect BVDV. To accomplish …

Evaluating The Epidemiology And Management Of Bovine Congestive Heart Failure, Adam Bassett

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Dissertations, Theses, and Student Research

A form of congestive heart failure is increasingly reported as a cause of death in feedlot cattle located at moderate altitude (≤ 1,524 m.). Significant knowledge gaps exist in the epidemiology and management of this form of bovine congestive heart failure (BCHF) regarding frequency and timing of BCHF cases and ways in which beef cattle producers and veterinarians can mitigate this condition. These knowledge gaps present major barriers to understanding the mechanism of BCHF and mitigating the consequences of BCHF. The purpose of this thesis is to summarize current knowledge about BCHF, define gaps in knowledge for which more research …

Evaluation Of Corn Bran Plus Solubles On Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Diets, Shelby A. Garland, Bradley M. Boyd, F. Henry Hilscher Hilscher, Galen E. Erickson, Jim C. Macdonald, Ryan A. Mass

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing study was conducted to determine the effect of feeding corn bran plus solubles, a new feed resulting from a pre-fermentation fiber removal process, compared to wet distillers grains plus solubles at two levels of inclusion (20% and 40% of diet DM). Intake increased with inclusion of byproduct, and steers fed 20% wet distillers had the greatest intakes numerically. Byproduct inclusion, regardless of type, increased daily gain over the corn-based control. Feed conversions were improved with increased inclusion of both Bran + Solubles and wet distillers, and both were superior to the control. Increased inclusion of both byproducts resulted …

Effects Of Prepartum Nutrition On May-Calving Cows And Progeny, Alicia C. Lansford, Jacki A. Musgrave, T. L. Meyer Meyer, Rick N. Funston

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

May-calving dams grazed either sub-irrigated meadow or upland range from Jan. 5 to May 1 each year for 6 years. Within grazing system, dams received either no supplement or 1 lb/d of a 33% CP supplement from Jan. 5 to April 1. Dams grazing meadow in the prepartum period weighed more and had a greater body condition score prior to calving. They also tended to have greater pregnancy rates in the subsequent breeding season and tended to wean heavier calves than dams grazing upland range. Allowing May-calving dams to graze meadow in late gestation may increase herd profitability through increased …

Impact Of Dietary Fat Source On Beef Tenderness, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Katherine I. Domenech-Perez, Nicolas J. Herrera Herrera, Kellen B. Hart, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

Steers were finished on either a corn control, 40% full-fat modified distillers grains plus solubles, 40% de-oiled modified distillers grains plus solubles, or 38% de-oiled modified distillers grains plus solubles plus 2% corn oil diet to evaluate the effects of dietary fat source on the mechanism of beef tenderization . Feeding modified distillers grains plus solubles increased polyunsaturated fatty acid content in the sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane and increased free Ca²⁺ concentration early postmortem. Steaks from cattle fed de-oiled modified distillers grains and de-oiled modified distillers grains plus corn oil were more tender at 2 d of aging when compared …

Quality Effects On Beef From Cattle Fed High-Protein Corn Distillers Grains And Other Ethanol By-Products, Kellen B. Hart, Felipe A. Ribeiro, Morgan L. Henriott, Nicolas J. Herrera, Chris R. Calkins

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding high protein corn distillers grains on fresh beef quality. Steers were fed one of five diets, either a corn control, high protein distillers grains plus solubles, dry distillers grains plus solubles, wet distillers grains plus solubles, or bran plus solubles diet. Strip loins were aged for 2, 9, or 23 days and placed under retail display conditions for 0 or 7 days. Dietary treatment had no effect on tenderness within each aging period. There were also no differences between treatments for proximate composition, free calcium in the muscle, …

Comparison Of Traditional And Alternative Curing Ingredients On Curing Reactions In A Model Meat System, Faith D. Rasmussen, Gary A. Sullivan

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

To meet consumer trends, alternative curing ingredients are used to replace sodium nitrite and cure accelerators. Due to the complexity of meat, it is challenging to compare traditional and alternative ingredients for curing reactions. Using a model system, sources of nitrite (traditional, sodium nitrite and alternative, cultured celery juice powder), salt, and cure accelerators (traditional, sodium erythorbate, or alternative, cherry juice powder) at ingoing sodium nitrite concentrations of 10, 50, 100, 150, or 200 ppm were evaluated for curing reactions. More complete curing reactions were indicated by a higher concentration of cured meat pigment, and lower sulfhydryl groups. Lower residual …

Pooled Analysis Of Individually Fed Finishing Trials, Brett A. Melton, James C. Macdonald, Andrea K. Watson Watson, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A pooled analysis of 21 finishing trials (2002–2016; 1530 animals) with cattle individually fed in Calan gate barns was conducted. Mixed model regression analysis following random coefficient methodology was used to evaluate relationships between performance variables and carcass characteristics. Gain had a greater effect on efficiency (R² = 0.72) compared to intake (R² = 0.02). The relationship between gain and efficiency was cubic, while intake had a quadratic relationship. The cubic response of gain relative to efficiency was continually increasing with relatively slight curves in the line heavily influenced by points that lay on the ends of the …

Effect Of Adding Urea To Finishing Diets Containing Two Different Inclusions Of Distillers Grains On Steer Performance And Carcass Characteristics, Bradley M. Boyd, James C. Macdonald, Matthew K. Luebbe, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

The effects of adding urea to a dry rolled corn based finishing diet containing low inclusions of distillers grains was evaluated. Treatments were designed as a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement with factors consisting of wet distillers inclusion (either 12 or 20% of diet DM) and urea inclusion (0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2% of diet DM). There were no significant interactions observed between distillers inclusion and urea inclusion in the diet. Increasing inclusion of distillers grains improved carcass adjusted average daily gain and feed conversion and reduced dry matter intake. Increasing distillers inclusion also increased 12th rib fat and had a …

Evaluation Of Fractionated Distillers Grains (High Protein And Bran Plus Solubles) On Performance And Carcass Characteristics In Finishing Diets, Shelby A. Garland, Bradley M. Boyd, F. Henry Hilscher Hilscher, Galen E. Erickson, Jim C. Macdonald, Ryan A. Mass

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A finishing study evaluated the effect of feeding a new, high protein distillers grains along with corn bran plus condensed distillers solubles compared to traditional wet distillers grains, traditional dry distillers grains and a corn-based control. Each byproduct replaced corn at 40% of the diet dry-matter. Intake was not affected by treatment; however gain and carcass weight were greater and feed conversion improved for high protein distillers and corn bran plus solubles than either type of traditional distillers grains or corn. Based on feed efficiency, the feeding values of high protein distillers grains and corn bran plus solubles are 121% …

Impact Of Shade In Beef Feedyards On Performance, Body Temperature, And Heat Stress Measures, Brett A. Melton, Bradley M. Boyd, Casey Macken Macken, Andrea K. Watson, James C. Macdonald, Galen E. Erickson

Nebraska Beef Cattle Reports

A study using crossbred steers was conducted at a commercial feedyard to determine the effects of pen shades on cattle performance, body temperature, and cattle activity. Two heat events (Event 1 and Event 2) and one cool event were defined for the feeding period. No significant differences were observed for average daily gain, dry matter intake, feed to gain, or carcass characteristics at the end of the trial. During Event 1, cattle in pens with shade had lower panting scores than cattle in open pens. During Event 2, cattle in shade pens had greater dry matter intake, lower panting scores, …