Veterinary Medicine Commons^™

Determining The Protective Effect Of A Boron Adjuvanted Vaccine With An Experimental Infection Model In Mice, Zafer Sayin, Ali̇ Uslu, Özgür Özdemi̇r, Abdullah Başoğlu, Asli Balevi̇, Uçkun Sai̇t Uçan, Zeki̇ Aras, Osman Ergani̇ş

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Boron is a required trace element for plants, humans, and animals and it has significant influence over biological functions and the immune system. Vaccines have aided humans in the control of many contagious diseases around the world. The success of global immunization campaigns may be possible with the development of effective and low-cost vaccines and adjuvants. For this reason, the present study aimed to determine the adjuvant activity of easily accessible boron compounds. In this study, six different vaccines were prepared, including inactive Staphylococcus aureus bacteria, boric acid, aluminum hydroxide, montanide ISA 50, and ISA 206, ISA 50 + boric …

Mycobacterium Avium Subsp. Paratuberculosis Candidate Vaccine Strains Are Pro-Apoptotic In Raw264.7murinemacrophages, Raul G. Barletta, John P. Bannantine, Judith R. Stabel, Ezhumalai Muthukrishnan, Dirk Anderson, Enakshy Dutta, Vamsi Manthena, Mostafa Hanafy, Denise K. Zinniel

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) is the etiological agent of Johne’s disease, a severe gastroenteritis of ruminants. This study developed a model cell culture system to rapidly screen MAP mutants with vaccine potential for apoptosis. Two wild-type strains, a transposon mutant, and two deletion mutant MAP strains (MOI of 10 with 1.2 × 10⁶ CFU) were tested in murine RAW 264.7 macrophages to determine if they induce apoptosis and/or necrosis. Both deletion mutants were previously shown to be attenuated and immunogenic in primary bovine macrophages. All strains had similar growth rates, but cell morphology indicated that both deletion mutants …

Antibody Dependent Enhancement Of Infectious Bronchitis Virus In Poultry, Zachary Hamilton, Barry Simpson Dr., Donald L. Reynolds, Dvm, Dr.

UCARE Research Products

Avian infectious bronchitis (IB) is a coronavirus infection of chickens that causes respiratory disease and reproductive problems in chickens. Currently, there are vaccines that are effective against IB. However, new variants and strains of avian infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) routinely emerge. A vaccine that is not the same strain as the virus is not completely effective in protecting against other variants because the vaccine will not allow the host antibodies to completely neutralize the strain. This is a problem because it makes IB difficult to control and diagnose.

Antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) is a phenomenon whereby non-neutralizing antibodies, or low levels …

Identification And Characterization Of A Novel Protective Antigen, Sesec_00396 Of Streptococcus Equi Ssp. Zooepidemicus, Li Yi, Weiping Yang, Jinpeng Li, Shaohui Wang, Yang Wang

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Streptococcus equi ssp. zooepidemicus (SEZ) is responsible for a wide variety of infections in many animal species. Studies aimed at developing safe and effective vaccines against SEZ infections are thus of great interest. SeseC_00396 was a novel protein identified in the previous study. In this study, recombinant SeseC_00396 of SEZ was expressed and showed a strong immunoreactivity with mini-pig convalescent sera. Studies in mice have revealed that the recombinant protein induced a marked antibody response which was associated with protection against SEZ infection. The hyperimmune sera against SeseC_00396 could efficiently kill the bacteria. In addition, it was also found that …

Piglet Immunization With A Spike Subunit Vaccine Enhances Disease By Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Jieshi Yu, Chithra Sreenivasan, Tirth Uprety, Rongyuan Gao, Chen Huang, Ella J. Lee, Steven Lawson, Julie Nelson, Jane Christopher-Hennings, Radhey S. Kaushik, Eric Nelson, Diego G. Diel, Ben M. Hause, Feng Li, Dan Wang

Maxwell H. Gluck Equine Research Center Faculty Publications

Immunization with an insect cell lysate/baculovirus mixture containing recombinant porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) spike protein induced high levels of neutralizing antibodies in both mice and piglets. However, immunization of piglets with this vaccine resulted in enhancement of disease symptoms and virus replication in vaccine recipients exposed to PEDV challenge. Thus, these observations demonstrate a previously unrecognized challenge of PEDV vaccine research, which has important implications for coronavirus vaccine development.

Of Pigs And Men: The Best-Laid Plans For Prevention And Control Of Swine Fevers, Jishu Shi, Lihua Wang, David Scott Mcvey

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

John Steinbeck drew the title of his novel “Of Mice and Men” from a line in a Robert Burns poem “To a mouse”: “The best-laid plans of mice and men/Go often awry.” Unlike John Steinbeck who used the title to mirror the characters who were struggling during the Great Depression to the mouse whose nest was accidentally destroyed by the poet (Burns 1785), we chose this line to emphasize that the best-laid plan can go wrong in infectious disease control and prevention. Here, we will discuss the contributing factors behind the global successes and failures in the prevention and control …

Immune Response To An Alum Precipitated Haemorrhagic Septicaemia Vaccine In Buffaloes At A Semiorganized Farm Of Madhya Pradesh In India, Sachin Audarya, Naresh Kakker, Rakesh Sharda, Daljeet Chhabra

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Haemorrhagic septicaemia (HS) is one of the economically most important bacterial diseases of large ruminants. In the present investigation, a total of 156 buffaloes (Murrah, Jafarabadi, and Bhadawari breeds) at a semiorganized farm after administration of HS alum precipitated killed vaccine were screened serologically for the presence of anti-HS antibodies by single dilution indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (iELISA). Out of 156 buffaloes tested for presence of anti-HS antibodies, a greater proportion of buffalo (67.94%) had protective level of anti-HS antibodies even after 90th day post vaccination.

Preparation And Evaluation Of Single-Stranded Dna Aptamer-Based Immunological Adjuvant In Broiler Chickens, Adil Sabr Al-Ogaili

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Mineral oils and metal salts are commonly used as adjuvants to enhance acquired immunity. Recently, monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) and recombinant peptides agonist CD40 receptor have shown remarkable promise for induction of rapid and robust immune responses. Limitations of this approach MAb production costs and multiple administrations due to anti-MAb immune responses. Here we demonstrate the development of a unique and sophisticated DNA aptamer-based alternative for CD40-directed delivery of universal antigens as an alternative in chickens, and potentially other vertebrate species. This receptor, expressed by antigen-presenting cells, acts as a costimulatory molecule for activated T helper lymphocytes. After initially selecting for …

Performance Differences Between Two Groups Of Commercial Pigs Following Experimental Infection With Prrs Virus 1-7-4, Erin Little

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is the costliest swine disease in North America. Vaccines and management alone have not been effective in controlling this disease. Genetic selection for resilience may be a complimentary approach for controlling PRRSV. The objective of this study was to estimate performance differences between two groups of pigs from the same commercial line following infection with PRRSV 1-7-4: 1) pigs sired by boars selected based on a standard index (TN-S), which emphasized feed efficiency and carcass quality; and 2) pigs sired by boars selected based on an experimental index (TN-E), which emphasized feed intake, …

Immunostimulatory Effects Of Antigen-Conjugated Inp/Zns Quantum Dot Nanoparticles In An Avian Model, Christopher Lyle

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Due to their unique physicochemical and enhanced immunostimulatory properties, quantum dot (QD) nanoparticles have shown increasing promise in biomedical research applications including bioimaging, drug delivery, and as vaccine adjuvants. Toxicity, however, remains a concern for the use of QD in these applications and thus, there is an increased demand for effective in vitro and in vivo systems to measure the bioactivity of QD. In this study in vitro and in vivo chicken models were used to investigate the effects of QD on innate and adaptive immunity. Chicken macrophage cultures were treated in vitro with QD to measure macrophage activation and …

Avian Salmonella Enteritidis Serovar Enteritidis With Clpp Deletion Is Attenuated And Highly Immunogenic In Chickens, Xuhua Ran, Zhiyuan Yang, Guagnxi Shao, Xiaobo Wen, Siguo Liu, Hongbo Ni

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovars are leading causative agents of gastroenteritis in humans and numerous animal species worldwide. The ClpP from Salmonella enterica is responsible for regulation under various stress conditions. We were interested in the effect of ClpP deletion mutation on attenuation of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis (SE) in chickens. Therefore, SM-6/Δ ClpP , deletion of the ClpP gene from a wild-type SE-6 (SM-6) strain, was generated using the phage &lamda; Red homologous recombination. Compared with SM-6, SM-6/&DeltaClpP represented a retarded growth rate and lower concentration in LB broth with and without 5% NaCl or lower pH …

Rhodococcus Equi In The Foal – Improving Diagnostic And Prevention Measures, Fernanda Bicudo Cesar

Theses and Dissertations--Veterinary Science

Although Rhodococcus equi (R. equi), previously known as Corynebacterium equi, was first isolated from pneumonic foals almost a century ago, it remains the most common cause of subacute or chronic granulomatous bronchopneumonia in foals. While the majority of foals exposed to R. equi develop a protective immune response (regressors), others exhibit a unique susceptibility to infection (progressors). The determinants for either outcome are not completely understood. Therefore, current diagnostic and preventive measures are suboptimal and require betterment. In light of this current need, we hypothesized that immunoglobulin G subisotype T [IgG(T)] against the virulence-associated protein A (VapA) …

Expression Of Mir-29a And Ifn-Γ In Pigs Vaccinated With Modified Live Prrs Vaccine, Sunaree Nantakhruea, Nuntawan Aunjangwang, Orawan Limsivilai, Win Surachetpong

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) is one of the important RNA viruses that affects swine production worldwide. To better improve vaccine efficacy, understanding the molecular mechanisms and viral-host interaction is important to increase the knowledge of vaccine response. The objective of this study was to investigate the expression levels of miR-29a and IFN-γ in pigs that received modified live PRRSV vaccine. The study revealed that both miR-29a and IFN-γ transcript levels increased in vivo early, at day 3 post vaccination, whereas levels of miR-29a and IFN-γ mRNA were not different at day 7 post vaccination. Our study is …

Improved Growth Performance By Type 2 Porcine Reproductive And Respiratory Syndrome Virus (Prrsv)-Based Modified Live Vaccine In A Herd With Concurrent Circulation Of Type 1 And Type 2 Prrsv, Ikjae Kang, Hei Suk Kang, Jiwoon Jeong, Changhoon Park, Seeun Kim, Kyuhyung Choi, Su-Jin Park, Sung-Min Hwang, Beomseok Oh, Sung-Hoon Kim, Byunghak Kang, Chanhee Chae

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The objective of this study was to evaluate type 2 porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-based modified live vaccine in a herd with concurrent circulation of type 1 and type 2 PRRSV. Type 2 PRRSV-based modified live vaccine improved average daily gain by 48.24 grams/pig/day (631.17 grams/pig/day in the vaccinated group vs 582.93 grams/pig/day in the unvaccinated group; P < 0.05). Pathological examination indicated that the vaccination effectively reduced microscopic lung lesions compared with the control animals. The protection of this vaccine against type 1 and type 2 PRRSV provides clinical control of co-infection with both genotypes under field conditions.

Genome Diversity And Molecular Detection Of Prrs Field Strains And Vaccine Strains, And Pcv3 And Pcv2 Strains, Y. Wang, F. Yuan, X. Liu, W. Zheng, H. Zhang, J. Zhang, K. Yoon, L. Peddireddi, Y. Fang, G. Anderson, J. Bai

Kansas Agricultural Experiment Station Research Reports

Molecular diagnosis of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRS) and porcine circo virus (PCV) are challenging due to high genetic diversity in the viral genomes. Differentiating PRRS vaccine strains is even more challenging and is currently done by DNA sequencing, which is expensive and time-consuming. A multiplexed system (Luminex) allowing multiple detection targets in the same reaction is available. However, this system is not fully developed for common swine pathogens. Therefore, an assay was built to detect the majority of field PRRS strains by using different pairs of primers, and at the same time, to provide differentiation of the …

Development And Characterization Of A Recombinant Orf Virus Vector Expressing The Spike Protein Of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Kyle Hain

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Orf virus (ORFV), the type member of the genus Parapoxvirus of the family Poxviridae, causes orf or cutaneous pustular dermatitis in sheep and goats. ORFV is a ubiquitous virus capable of re-infecting its hosts multiple times over time. ORFV causes a non-systemic, self-limiting disease which is usually restricted to the skin surrounding the virus entry sites. ORFV has evolved several immunomodulatory proteins (IMPs) that evade and/or modulate host immune responses to infection and contribute to virus virulence and disease pathogenesis. Given biological properties and unique immunomodula tor y properties, ORFV has gained significant attention in recent years for its …

Purification Of Avian Influenza Virus (H9n2) From Allantoic Fluidby Size-Exclusion Chromatography, Ali Nazari Shirvan, Maedeh Samianifard, Naser Ghodsian

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Avian influenza viruses represent a rising threat of pandemic influenza. Allantoic fluid including influenza virus H9N2 was run on downstream processing to purify the virus. To do this, allantoic fluid was clarified and concentrated. It was applied to size exclusion chromatography. Different parameters such as ovalbumin, protein content, and hemagglutinin activity were determined to confirm the purity. The results may suggest that this method is quite efficient for achieving a purified H9N2 influenza virus and further reveal that size-exclusion chromatography is a practical method for purifying avian influenza viruses. In conclusion, this procedure can be used in vaccine production and …

Comparative Study Between Formalin-Killed Vaccine And Developed Gammairradiation Vaccine Against Mannheimia Haemolytica In Rabbits, Sahar Ahmed, Basem Ahmed, Ghada Mahmoud, Waleed Nemr, Emam Abdel Rahim

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

Mannheimia haemolytica is responsible for considerable economic losses to sheep, goats, and cattle and other livestock industries in Egypt. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed gamma irradiation vaccine against Mannheimia haemolytica in comparison to a formalin-killed vaccine. Three groups of rabbits were used in this study. Group 1 animals were inoculated with 4 × 109 bacterial cells per dose of the formalin-killed vaccine. Group 2 was inoculated with 2 × 109 bacterial cells per dose of gamma-irradiated vaccine. Group 3 (control group) was injected with 2 mL of sterile PBS. The vaccines were injected subcutaneously …

Efficacy Of Live H120 Strain Against Variant Genotype Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated In Thailand In Broiler Chickens, Tawatchai Pohuang, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

This study investigated the level of protection generated by vaccination with a live attenuated infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) vaccine, H120 strain against variant genotype IBV isolated in Thailand. Sixty 1-day-old female broiler chickens were randomly divided into 4 groups of 15 chickens each. The chickens in Group 1 were vaccinated at 1 day old, whereas the chickens in Group 2 were vaccinated at 7 days old. Groups 3 and 4 did not receive IBV vaccine and served as positive and negative control groups, respectively. At 21 days of age, the chickens in Groups 1-3 were individually challenged with 104.8 EID50 …

An Inactivated Vaccine Made From A U.S. Field Isolate Of Porcine Epidemic Disease Virus Is Immunogenic In Pigs As Demonstrated By A Dose-Titration, Emily A. Collin, Srivishnupriya Anbalagan, Faten Okda, Ron Bateman, Eric A. Nelson, Ben M. Hause

Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV), a highly pathogenic and transmissible virus in swine, was first detected in the U.S. in May, 2013, and has caused tremendous losses to the swine industry. Due to the difficulty in isolating and growing this virus in cell culture, few vaccine studies using cell culture propagated PEDV have been performed on U.S. strains in pigs. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate the humoral immune response to the selected inactivated PEDV vaccine candidate in a dose-titration manner.
Results: PEDV was isolated from a pig with diarrhea and complete genome sequencing found >99% …

Efficacy Of Experimental Inactivated And Live Rhodococcus Equivaccines For Thoroughbred Arabian Mares In Mice, Osman Ergani̇ş, Hasan Hüseyi̇n Hadi̇mli̇, Zafer Sayin, Asli Sakmanoğlu, Yasemi̇n Pinarkara, Özgür Özdemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Veterinary & Animal Sciences

The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of inactive Rhodococcus equi vaccine candidates included that bacterin+aluminum hydroxide (Al(OH)3), bacterin+VapA+(Al(OH)3), bacterin+Montanide IMS 3012 (IMS), bacterin+VapA+IMS, and live vaccine using mice as a model. The efficacy of vaccine was evaluated according to clinical findings, humoral and cellular immunity (levels of INF-g and IL-4), and results of microbiological culture from internal organs in dead or sacrificed mice. Inactive R. Equi vaccines were subcutaneously administered to mice three times at 15-day intervals and live vaccine was intraperitoneally injected once. Fifteen days after the last vaccination, aerosol challenges were carried out with …

Determination Of Antibody Responses To Mpb83 Antigen In Bcg-Vaccinated Rusa Deer (Rusa Timorensis), Sirinart Chaichanathong, Worawidh Wajjwalku, Chayanid Prasanwong, Melanee Suksamranthaweerat, Piyawan Rasitanon, Aunchisa Phojun, Antja Watanangura, Orawan Boodde, Nikorn Thongtip

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

Bovine tuberculosis (BTB) is a contagious zoonotic disease that causes serious public health concerns. Cervidae are highly susceptible to BTB and it has been diagnosed in various deer species. In order to develop BTB eradication and control program, Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guerin (BCG) vaccination has been studied in cervids. In this study 15 rusa deer were tested for responsiveness to mycobacterial reaction using a comparative cervical skin test (CCT). The rusa deer were divided into 2 groups; BCG vaccination group, which were inoculated with a single dose of 2x106 cfu M. bovis BCG Tokyo subcutaneously (n=8) and control group …

Development And Evaluation Of A Replicon Particle Vaccine Expressing The E2 Glycoprotein Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (Bvdv) In Cattle, John Dustin Loy, Jill Gander, Mark Mogler, Ryan Vander Veen, Julia Ridpath, Delbert Hank Harris, Kurt Kamrud

John Loy

Background: Bovine viral diarrhea virus is one of the most significant and costly viral pathogens of cattle worldwide. Alphavirus-derived replicon particles have been shown to be safe and highly effective vaccine vectors against a variety of human and veterinary pathogens. Replicon particles are non-propagating, DIVA compatible, and can induce both humoral and cell mediated immune responses. This is the first experiment to demonstrate that Alphavirus-based replicon particles can be utilized in a standard prime/boost vaccination strategy in calves against a commercially significant bovine pathogen. Findings: Replicon particles that express bovine viral diarrhea virus sub-genotype 1b E2 glycoprotein were generated and …

Efficacy Of Live Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine Programs Against Infection By Qx-Like Strain Of Infectious Bronchitis Virus, Ekasingh Sarueng, Wisanu Wanasawaeng, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan, Niwat Chansiripornchai

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of live infectious bronchitis (IB) vaccine programs against infection by a QX-like strain of the IB virus isolated in Thailand. The experimental groups were divided into 5 groups. Group 1 broilers were administered with Poulvac IB QX-like at 1 day old. Group 2 broilers were administered with Poulvac IB QX-like at 1 and 14 days old. Group 3 broilers were administered with Nobilis IB H120 and Poulvac IB QX-like at 1 and 14 days old, respectively. Group 4 broilers were administered with Nobilis IB H120 and Nobilis IB 4-91 at …

The Effectiveness Of Vaccination With Two Live Infectious Bronchitis Vaccine Strains Against Qx-Like Infectious Bronchitis Virus Isolated In Thailand, Tawatchai Pohuang, Niwat Chansiripornchai, Achara Tawatsin, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the level of protection generated by vaccination with 2 live attenuated vaccine strains against QX-like infectious bronchitis virus (IBV) isolated in Thailand. Eighty-four 1-day-old broiler chickens were randomly allocated into 6 groups with 14 chickens in each group. Groups 1-4 were vaccinated with different vaccination programs against IBV. Groups 5 and 6 did not receive any IBV vaccine and served as positive and negative control groups, respectively. At 1 day old, the chickens in groups 1 and 4 were vaccinated with H120 vaccine whereas the chickens in groups 2 and 3 were …

Antiviral Activity Of Favipiravir (T-705) Against Lethal Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection In Hamsters, Dionna Scharton

All Graduate Theses and Dissertations, Spring 1920 to Summer 2023

Rift Valley fever (RVF) is a severe disease affecting both humans and a number of agriculturally important livestock species. The causative agent, RVF virus (RVFV), is primarily transmitted through mosquito bites, with transmission also occurring by exposure to infectious aerosols and direct contact with infected body fluids such as blood. Presently, there are no licensed vaccines or medicines to prevent or treat severe RVFV infection in humans. Favipiravir (T-705) is a novel compound licensed for the treatment of influenza in Japan and presently in Phase III clinical trials in the US, which has demonstrated favorable activity against an attenuated strain …

Safety And Immunoreactivity Of A Xenogeneic Dna Plasmid Vaccine Expressing Human Tyrosinase In Tumor-Bearing Horses, Luis Miguel Lembcke Perez Prieto

Doctoral Dissertations

Melanomas are among the most common skin tumors in horses (second only to sarcoids), with prevalence rates reaching as high as 80% in adult gray horses. Despite the wide availability of measures of local control, there are currently no systemic therapies that can effectively prevent spread, or treat metastatic or locally advanced/non-resectable melanoma in horses. A form of gene immunotherapy based on a plasmid DNA construct containing a xenogeneic form of the antigen tyrosinase have been developed and optimized for targeting cancer in both humans and dogs; and have demonstrated significant immunoreactivity and clinical benefit in the treatment of melanocytic …

Efficacy Of Different Vaccination Programs Against Velogenic Newcastle Disease Virus Challenged In 28-Day-Old Broiler Chickens, Tawatchai Pohuang, Nida Sirikobkul, Jiroj Sasipreeyajan

The Thai Journal of Veterinary Medicine

In the present study, the efficacy of different vaccination programs against a velogenic Newcastle disease virus (vNDV) challenged in 28-day-old broiler chickens was examined. The chickens were divided into 5 groups, 20 chickens in each. Group 1 did not receive any vaccine and served as the non-vaccinated control group. Groups 2-5 were vaccinated with different vaccination programs against vNDV. At 1-day-old, the chickens in all the vaccinated groups were vaccinated with live Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine, Ulster 2C strain, followed by different inactivated vaccines including vaccine A in groups 2 and 4 and vaccine B in groups 3 and 5. …

Envelope Determinants Of Equine Lentiviral Vaccine Protection, Jodi K. Craigo, Corin Ezzelarab, Sheila J. Cook, Chong Liu, David W. Horohov, Charles J. Issel, Ronald C. Montelaro

Veterinary Science Faculty Publications

Lentiviral envelope (Env) antigenic variation and associated immune evasion present major obstacles to vaccine development. The concept that Env is a critical determinant for vaccine efficacy is well accepted, however defined correlates of protection associated with Env variation have yet to be determined. We reported an attenuated equine infectious anemia virus (EIAV) vaccine study that directly examined the effect of lentiviral Env sequence variation on vaccine efficacy. The study identified a significant, inverse, linear correlation between vaccine efficacy and increasing divergence of the challenge virus Env gp90 protein compared to the vaccine virus gp90. The report demonstrated approximately 100% protection …

Development And Evaluation Of A Replicon Particle Vaccine Expressing The E2 Glycoprotein Of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (Bvdv) In Cattle, John Dustin Loy, Jill Gander, Mark Mogler, Ryan Vander Veen, Julia Ridpath, Delbert Hank Harris, Kurt Kamrud

School of Veterinary and Biomedical Sciences: Faculty Publications

Background: Bovine viral diarrhea virus is one of the most significant and costly viral pathogens of cattle worldwide. Alphavirus-derived replicon particles have been shown to be safe and highly effective vaccine vectors against a variety of human and veterinary pathogens. Replicon particles are non-propagating, DIVA compatible, and can induce both humoral and cell mediated immune responses. This is the first experiment to demonstrate that Alphavirus-based replicon particles can be utilized in a standard prime/boost vaccination strategy in calves against a commercially significant bovine pathogen.

Findings: Replicon particles that express bovine viral diarrhea virus sub-genotype 1b E2 glycoprotein were …