Sports Sciences Commons^™

Physical Activity Of School Children And Youth, Leszek Tomaczkowski, Joanna Klonowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Physical activity is a key element of a healthy lifestyle, especially in relation to children and adolescents. It is crucial for proper physical, psychological and social development. Systematic physical activity tailored to individual needs stimulates development in childhood and adolescence and increases health resources. An insufficient level of physical activity among children and adolescents, in comparison to the needs, is a problem occurring more and more commonly on a global scale. It has been confirmed in numerous research studies.

Physical Activity And Disability - A Dichotomy In The Space Of Personal Security, Remigiusz Drozdz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Out of the three cognitive categories that are crucial to the formulation of the problem addressed in this article, physical activity and disability as well as personal security have been the subject matter of numerous scientific analyses, but there are very few references associating them with one another. The aim of this article is to interpret the current state of knowledge concerning each of these fields as well as to assess the bibliographic resource relating to their integral inclusion. Method: A query of foreign and Polish monographs as well as scientific periodicals, available both in traditional and electronic form, …

Identification Of Objective (Measurable) Effects Of Systematic Physical Activity Of Young Women Participating In Slavica® Dance Training, Justyna Bolek-Adamek, Damian Bojar

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Multiple data suggest that cardio workouts improve young women’s cardiorespiratory fitness and heart rate. The main goal of this paper is to identify objective (i.e. measurable) effects of systematic physical activity in young women participating in Slavica Dance training. Material and methods: Twenty-six young women, aged 20–21 years, constituted one group. Aerobic capacity, anaerobic threshold, heart rate and anaerobic energy metabolism were measured before and after the 8-week training period. Results: Regular participation in the Slavica Dance training resulted in a statistically significant increase in the volume of oxygen delivered and used per minute by the subjects’ bodies (3.0% …

Effects Of Social Isolation Caused By The Covid-19 Pandemic On Changes In Daily Activity: A Case Study Of Physical Education Students, Miroslaw Zalech

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The study sought to describe student time use and to analyse the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic (lockdown) on changes in the time use and their role within the context of health and social aspects. Material & Methods: The research was carried out every year from 2017 to 2020 in the same period of time. The study included 340 students of physical education. In their time budget diaries, the participants noted down the amount of time devoted to activities performed in a typical week. Results: The study showed that during the lockdown, students devoted less time to sports training, …

Avoiding Isolation: Physical Activity For Persons With Disabilities And Covid-19, Pelin Aksen-Cengizhan, Ali Ahmet Doğan, Özkan Işık

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

It was aimed in this article to draw attention to the following issues: the importance of issuing guidelines on what countries can or should do in order for individuals with disabilities to maintain their daily exercises or physical activity routines, and informing the public about it; the importance of considering the needs of a person with disabilities in emergency preparedness and response plans of the countries affected by the Covid-19 pandemic; the importance of the dissemination of public health messages in plain language and accessible formats through all mass media channels; the importance of providing psychosocial support to persons with …

The Investigation Of The Relationship Between Perceived Freedom And Brief Resilience: The Role Of Participation In Physical Activity, Tülay Avcı Taşkıran, Bülent Gürbüz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: This study was designed to examine the relationship between perceived freedom in leisure and psychological resilience of university staff. Material and Methods: The sample group of the study was composed of 189 academic and 81 administrative university staff (Mage=36.11±7.34). Participants were assessed based on the “Perceived Freedom in Leisure Scale (T-PFLS)” and the “Brief Resilience Scale (T-BRS)”. ANOVA, independent samples t-test, and Pearson correlation analysis methods were used to analyze the data. Results: T-test analysis indicated that there was no significant difference between the mean scores of “T-PFLS”; however, there was a statistically significant difference between the mean scores …

Too Masculine For Healthcare, Too Feminine For Intense Sports: Correlation Between Gender Conformity And Pro-Health Behaviours, Aleksandra Pawlowska, Kornelia Lipowska, Daniel Krokosz

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The goal of this paper is to examine to what extent levels of femininity and masculinity are associated with practicing several types of health behaviours among individuals who are physically active and inactive. Material/Methods: A total of 559 individuals aged between 35 and 45 (M = 39.4; SD = 3.2) took part in the study. The inactive group consisted of 211 individuals (n = 85 women, n = 126 men), and the active group consisted of 348 individuals (n = 131 women, n = 217 men). The participants completed the following pen-and-paper questionnaires: the Psychological Gender Inventory, the Health …

Epigenetic Impact Of The Parents' Physical Activity On The Health Of Their Children, Agnieszka Boron

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

All parents’ dream is to have healthy children. The question whether the parents' lifestyle affects the quality of their progeny's health has been bothering scientists and society for many years. Based on epidemiological studies, it has been shown that physical activity during pregnancy is beneficial both for the health of the mother and the newborn. A significant number of studies conducted so far have shown that exercises performed by fathers modulate future generations by affecting the sperm epigenome. Epigenetics plays a key role in transmitting the response of the parents' environment and their lifestyle onto the characteristics and health of …

Correlation Between Participation In Physical Activity And Healthy Nutrition: An Example Of A Sports Science Faculty, Yasemin Ari, Ergün Çakir

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: It is important to encourage people to participate in physical activities and to develop motivational approaches to healthy nutrition in order to maintain a healthy life. This study was conducted to examine the relationship between the physical activity levels of university students and their attitudes to healthy nutrition. Material and methods: 392 (153 female and 239 male) university students voluntarily participated in the study. In the study, the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF) and the Attitude Scale for Healthy Nutrition (ASHN) were used. Results: As a result of the analysis conducted in the study group, in the comparison …

Assessment Of The Diet And Body Composition Of Students Recreationally Training Team Sports, Filip Michal Borys, Beata Zysk, Adrianna Zanko, Dominika Chimkowska, Joanna Smarkusz-Zarzecka, Barbara Kielczewska, Lucyna Ostrowska

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: Knowledge about nutrition and supplementation during increased physical activity is still insufficient among people recreationally training sports. The aim of the study was to assess the diet, supplementation and nutritional status, as well as to characterize the body composition of students who recreationally train team sports. Material and methods: The study group consisted of 49 students from team sports sections (19 basketball, 10 volleyball and 20 football). The research tools used in the study were: a 24-hour nutritional interview, a questionnaire (concerning dietary supplementation, the frequency and duration of training) and the results of body composition analysis. Results: The …

Mental And Physical Health In General Population During Covid-19: Systematic Review And Narrative Synthesis, Feifei Wang, Szilvia Boros

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

Background: The outbreak of COVID-19 changed the normality of daily life. Due to mobility restriction measures, physical and mental health in general population became a remarkable concern for researchers and health professionals. Material and methods: This article briefly reviews the evidence of mental and physical health consequences during COVID-19 pandemic. The review was conducted in October 2020 through PubMed and Web of Science with the searching frame: Mental health and Physical health and COVID-19. The study selection process followed the PRISMA flow diagram. Results: The reported mental consequences were mainly negative psychological effects including stress symptoms, anxiety, and depression. The …

How To Hiit While Pregnant? The Protocol Characteristics And Effects Of High Intensity Interval Training Implemented During Pregnancy – A Systematic Review, Anna Szumilewicz, Rita Santos-Rocha, Aneta Worska, Magdalena Piernicka, Hongli Yu, Simona Pajaujiene, Najmeh-Alsadat Shojaeian, Miguel Angel Oviedo-Caro

Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity

There is strong scientific evidence that prenatal physical activity of moderate-to-high in-tensity is a prerequisite of the proper course of pregnancy, childbirth and fetus development. How-ever, to date little data have been available on high intensity interval training (HIIT) performed during pregnancy. Following the PRISMA guidelines, this systematic review aimed at: first, to characterize HIIT protocols used or planned to be implemented during pregnancy; second, to determine their training effects on participant’s health and obstetric outcomes. We included nine original works and three clinical trials in the analysis. The HIIT protocols substantially differed in terms of the training components (type, …

Shifting The Focus Of Mental Health Onto Graduate Students, Rosanna Jaramillo

Graduate Research Showcase

The transition from undergraduate to graduate school has the potential to increase demands among students surrounding coursework as well as fiscal responsibilities. The increased demand has the potential to alter the student’s physical activity which can negatively affect mental health. Physical exercise has the potential to reduce depression as well as negative mood symptoms, such as stress. Exercising also allows for boosting energy, improvement of sleep quality, and relaxation quality. The purpose of this research study was to examine the mental health of the graduate participants prior and after a two-week exercise regimen. The presented study focused on a two-week …

Physical Activity As A Predictor Of Obesity In Autistic Children, Cody A. Mullins

Graduate Theses/Dissertations

Research has found autistic children to be 40% more likely to be obese compared to their non-autistic peers. Reduced physical activity (PA) is thought to be a contributing factor to the increased prevalence of obesity in autistic children. This was one of the first studies to investigate the PA behaviors of autistic children during an adapted physical education (APE) class using accelerometry. The purpose of this study was to examine the PA of autistic children and determine the relationship between PA and obesity. Participants were recruited from a school for students with disabilities who participate in a once-weekly APE class …

Starting The New Year And Getting Rid Of Type 2 Diabetes?, Sheri R. Colberg

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Implementation Barriers To Integrating Exercise As Medicine In Oncology: An Ecological Scoping Review, Mary A. Kennedy, Sara Bayes, Robert U. Newton, Yvonne Zissiadis, Nigel Spry, Dennis Taaffe, Nicolas H. Hart, Daniel A. Galvao

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Purpose

While calls have been made for exercise to become standard practice in oncology, barriers to implementation in real-world settings are not well described. This systematic scoping review aimed to comprehensively describe barriers impeding integration of exercise into routine oncology care within healthcare systems.

Methods

A systematic literature search was conducted across six electronic databases (since 2010) to identify barriers to implementing exercise into real-world settings. An ecological framework was used to classify barriers according to their respective level within the healthcare system.

Results

A total of 1,376 results were retrieved; 50 articles describing implementation barriers in real-world exercise oncology …

Gender Differences In Physical Activity Status And Knowledge Of Irish University Staff And Students, Claire Mccarthy, Joe Warne

Articles

Objectives

The aim of this study is to examine gender differences in physical activity status and knowledge of physical activity guidelines in University staff and students.

Methods

820 survey respondents, 419 males and 401 females (Age: mean 30 ± 12, median 24 years; Weight: mean 73.4 ± 15.8 kg; Stature: mean 172.1 ± 10.2 cm) were recruited via internal email. All participants completed a self-administered online format of the Global Physical activity Questionnaire.

Results

Less females were regularly active than males in students (p ≤ 0.001; Cramer’s V = 0.232 [small]), and staff (p = 0.003; Cramer’s V …

Exercise In Preventing Falls For Men With Prostate Cancer: A Modelled Cost-Utility Analysis, Kim Edmunds, Paul Scuffham, Robert U. Newton, Daniel A. Galvão, Haitham Tuffaha

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction:

Men who receive androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) for prostate cancer (PCa) are a vulnerable falls population due to the side effects of treatment. The purpose of this paper is to determine the cost-effectiveness of exercise in preventing falls and fractures for this high-risk population in Australia.

Methods:

A decision analytic model was constructed to evaluate the cost utility of an exercise intervention compared to usual care from a health system perspective. The intervention comprised two 1-h sessions of supervised exercise per week over 1 year for men with non-metastatic PCa receiving curative radiation therapy and ADT. A Markov model …

College Students’ Perceived Stress In Relation To Physical Activity Behaviors During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Holli Rosas, Andrea Hughes, Sarah L. Dunn Ph.D.

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

College students may experience heightened stress during a global pandemic. It is well known that psychological distress during times of uncertainty and sedentary behaviors may lead to adverse health outcomes such as morbidity and mortality. Physical activity (PA) has been shown to positively mediate distress and other mental health outcomes. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to examine college students’ perceived stress levels and PA behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic and remote learning. METHODS: An Institutional Review Board approved online Qualtrics survey was used to collect data from eighty-four enrolled college students (mean age 24.4±5.79 years, 57.6% female) in …

Depressive Symptoms Related To Domain-Specific Physical Activity, Ola Iduma, Zachary Zenko

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

Physical activity is positively associated with mental health. Exercise interventions have been shown to be effective for reducing depression. However, less is known about the role of domain-specific physical activity in mental health. PURPOSE: The purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the relationship between physical activity across domains (domestic/household, transportation-related, occupational, leisure-time) and depressive symptoms. METHODS: After obtaining ethical approval, 111 adults (75 men, 35 women, 1 non-binary person; mean age: 36 ± 10 years) completed an online survey. Physical activity in each domain was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Depressive symptoms were assessed with …

Time Spent Jogging/Running And Telomere Length In 5805 U.S. Adults, Christina M. Blackmon, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

A scientifically accepted measure of biological aging is the length of telomeres. Telomeres shorten with each year of life. Although age is the primary driving force, lifestyle can also have a substantial effect on telomere length. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to investigate the degree to which minutes spent jogging or running per week accounted for differences in leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in a randomly selected sample of 5805 U.S. adults. METHODS: A cross-sectional design was employed using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) and findings are generalizable to the U.S. adult population. Time …

The Role Of Physical Activity In The Relationship Between Sitting Time And Insulin Resistance, Kayla Parker, Larry A. Tucker

International Journal of Exercise Science: Conference Proceedings

PURPOSE: The primary objective of the present study was to determine the role of physical activity in the relationship between sitting time and insulin resistance in 7,092 randomly selected U.S. adults. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2011-2018, were used to answer the research question. NHANES data for 2019-2020 were not available because of COVID. Participants were selected using a multi-stage, random sampling strategy. Subjects reported average sitting time, quantified as the number of minutes spent per day sitting. Insulin resistance was determined using HOMA-IR (homeostatic model assessment). HOMA-IR is the most common measure …

Integration Of Consumer-Based Activity Monitors Into Clinical Practice For Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Feasibility Study, Jason R. Jaggers, Timothy Mckay, Kristi M. King, Bradly J. Thrasher, Kupper A. Wintergerst

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Current technology commonly utilized in diabetes care includes continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) and insulin pumps. One often overlooked critical component to the human glucose response is daily physical activity habits. Consumer-based activity monitors may be a valid way for clinics to collect physical activity data, but whether or not children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) would wear them or use the associated mobile application is unknown. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to test the feasibility of implementing a consumer-based accelerometer directly into ongoing care for adolescents managing T1D. Methods: Adolescents with T1D were invited to participate in this …

Can Learning Be Enhanced With Active Seating?, Judy Beard, Kirk Mathias

All Faculty Scholarship for the College of Education and Professional Studies

Overweightness continues to increase at an exponential rate in children. This coupled with the demand to increase academic time in elementary schools has contributed to efforts to discover solutions that meet both challenges. Potential solutions are movement curricula and active seating options. However, little has been published relative to best practices of their implementation. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to discuss the lessons learned while utilizing pedal desks in first and second grade classrooms as stations and whole class seating. Additionally, two different types of heart rate monitors (Polar Oh1 and IHT Spirit) were employed, in an attempt …

The Association Between Motor Capacity And Motor Performance In School-Aged Children With Cerebral Palsy: An Observational Study, Min-Hwa Suk, In-Kyeong Park, Soojin Yoo, Jeong-Yi Kwon

Health & Human Performance Faculty Publications

Background

This study aimed to investigate the association between motor capacity and motor performance in children with cerebral palsy (CP) aged 6–12 years with Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels I to III.

Methods

Forty-six children with CP (24 boys and 22 girls) classified as GMFCS levels Ⅰ, Ⅱ, or Ⅲ were included. Motor capacity was measured by the Gross motor function measure (GMFM), Pediatric balance scale (PBS), Timed up and go (TUG), and 6-min walk test (6MWT). Motor performance was measured by triaxial accelerometers. Estimations of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE) (kcal/kg/day), percentage of time spent on …

Persistent Dyspnea, Declined Moderate To Vigorous Physical Activity, Functional Status, And Quality Of Life During The Post-Acute Phase Of Covid-19 Infection: A Pilot Case Control Study., Hussain Aslan Mph. Ed., Msc., Corey Tomczak Phd, Darcy Marciniuk Md, Scotty Butcher Phd

Journal for Sports Neuroscience

Abstract

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore the multifaceted impacts of post-acute phase of COVID-19 infection on the sense of dyspnea, select intensities of physical activity, functional, and psychological variables among survivors compared to age matched healthy participants and their implications for rehabilitation programs in this population.

Methods: Seventy-eight (male, female age 30-70 yrs.) participants (39 COVID-infected, CI and 39 age-matched healthy controls, HC). Four questionnaires were used to assess the variables in this study: dyspnea scale of the Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC), International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), Functional Status Questionnaire (FSQ), and the RAND-36 measure …

Association Between Physical Activity And Sport Participation On Hemoglobin A1c Among Children And Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes, Kristi King, Jason R. Jaggers, Lindsay J. Della, Timothy Mckay, Sara Watson, Amy E. Kozerski, Kimberly Hartson, Kupper A. Wintergerst

Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Purpose: To determine associations between physical activity (PA) and sport participation on HbA1c levels in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D). Method: Pediatric patients with T1D were invited to complete a PA and sport participation survey. Data were linked to their medical records for demographic characteristics, diabetes treatment and monitoring plans, and HbA1c levels. Results: Participants consisted of 71 females and 81 males, were 13 +- 3 years old with an average HbA1c level of 8.75 +- 1.81. Children accumulating 60 min of activity 3 days or more a week had significantly lower HbA1c compared to those who accumulated less …

The Impact Of Participation In A Mentored Cycling Program, Dana Bolduc

Doctor of Nursing Practice Scholarly Projects

Physical activity (PA) has the potential to have a positive impact on mental health conditions such as anxiety, depression and self-esteem. In particular, this project focused on self-esteem because low self-esteem can lead to increased risk of developing anxiety or depression. In contrast, high self-esteem can have a protective effect against anxiety and depression. Group PA programs combined with mentorship have been shown to build relationships and enhance self-esteem. The purpose of this DNP project was to determine the impact of participation in a rural midwestern, mentored cycling program on self-esteem in an at-risk adolescent population. Self-esteem was measured using …

More Than “Just” Walking: An Observational Study Of Dog-Related Physical Activities, Benedikt Hielscher, Udo Ganslosser, Ingo Froboese

People and Animals: The International Journal of Research and Practice

Dog ownership has been shown to correlate with physical activity (PA). However, knowledge about the intensities of dog-related PA (drPA) is still lacking. To investigate the duration and intensity of drPA in consideration of PA guidelines, an observational study of dog owners (DO) was conducted.

For this purpose, DO were recruited in metropolitan and nonmetropolitan regions of Cologne, Germany. A total of 44 male and female DO (18–64 years) without cardiovascular or cardiopulmonary diseases participated in the study. Validated questionnaires were used to determine the PA profile and relationship of DO to their dog. Participants reported their drPA in an …

Examining Physical Activity Behaviors And Psychometric Beliefs Of College Students Before And After The Covid-19 Shutdown, James White Iii

Graduate Theses

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine PA behaviors, social support and self-efficacy for PA, Rosenberg self-esteem, and perceptions of body weight before and after the COVID-19 shutdown (March 15, 2020) among the college demographic.

Participants: 311 college students from a four-year, comprehensive, southeastern university in the United States were included in the study from December 1, 2020 until March 5, 2021.

Methods: Surveys were conducted via Qualtrics, an online survey system, and consisted of approximately 40 items, including demographic information, PA behaviors, social support and exercise, self-esteem, self-efficacy to exercise, and perceptions of body weight and self-image. …