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Articles 61 - 90 of 777

Full-Text Articles in Sports Sciences

Optimal Two-Point Loading Strategy For Accurate Leg Press Force–Velocity Assessment, Takuya Nishioka, Shota Yamaguchi, Ayumi Yoshikawa, Naoki Ikeda, Daiki Hajima, Naoko Yabuno, Yasuhiro Kunita, Yuta Hashimoto, Anna Aoki, Miina Takahashi, Kazunori Nosaka, Takayuki Inami Jan 2026

Optimal Two-Point Loading Strategy For Accurate Leg Press Force–Velocity Assessment, Takuya Nishioka, Shota Yamaguchi, Ayumi Yoshikawa, Naoki Ikeda, Daiki Hajima, Naoko Yabuno, Yasuhiro Kunita, Yuta Hashimoto, Anna Aoki, Miina Takahashi, Kazunori Nosaka, Takayuki Inami

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Accurate assessment of an individual force–velocity (F–V) profile is essential for prescribing targeted resistance training; however, F–V outcomes depend strongly on the testing method used. This study examined the concurrent validity of the F–V relationship in a horizontal leg press exercise by comparing two-point methods, which use pairs of different loads relative to body weight, with a multiple-point method using a wider range of loads. Sixteen men (mean ± SD, age: 20.0 ± 1.4 years, height: 172.4 ± 6.3 cm, body mass: 69.2 ± 7.6 kg) performed maximal-effort horizontal dynamic leg press actions on a device equipped with pneumatic artificial …

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Relationships Between Physical Performance Characteristics And Match Characteristics Of English Academy Soccer Players, B. Dickinson, P. Jones, P. Comfort Jan 2026

Relationships Between Physical Performance Characteristics And Match Characteristics Of English Academy Soccer Players, B. Dickinson, P. Jones, P. Comfort

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aim of this study was to determine the relationships between physical performance and match characteristics of Elite academy soccer players using pooled data across U15, U16, U18, U23 age groups. Sixty elite academy soccer players including u15 (Subject: N = 15; age: 14.64 ± 0.25; mass: 59.88 ± 9.12 kg; height: 171 ± 6.69 cm), u16 (Subject: N = 15; age: 15.42 ± 0.36; mass: 65.11 ± 8.70 kg; height: 175 ± 7.21 cm), u18 (Subject: N = 15; age: 17.00 ± 1.00; mass: 72.85 ± 7.43 kg; height: 179 ± 6.43 cm), u23 (Subject: N = 15; age: …

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Single Joint Assessment Of Isometric Plantarflexor Force Characteristics Using Portable Force Plates: A Systematic Review Of Methods And Reliability, James Williams, Paul Comfort, Nicholas J. Ripley, Jack T. Fahey, Ritchie Barber, Christopher Bramah Jan 2026

Single Joint Assessment Of Isometric Plantarflexor Force Characteristics Using Portable Force Plates: A Systematic Review Of Methods And Reliability, James Williams, Paul Comfort, Nicholas J. Ripley, Jack T. Fahey, Ritchie Barber, Christopher Bramah

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aim of this systematic review was to (1) identify differences in isometric force plate testing procedures for the ankle plantarflexors and (2) determine the reliability of existing methods to inform minimum reporting standards. A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, MEDLINE and CINAHL was conducted from inception to 2025, for peer-reviewed studies using portable force plates to assess isometric plantarflexor force. PRISMA guidelines were followed. Two independent reviewers assessed methodological quality using the COSMIN Risk of Bias tool and Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool, with discrepancies resolved collaboratively. Twenty studies met the inclusion criteria, revealing methodological variations …

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The Evolution Of Match-Play In Major League Soccer From 2018 To 2023, Callum J. Mccaskie, Christopher Wing Jan 2026

The Evolution Of Match-Play In Major League Soccer From 2018 To 2023, Callum J. Mccaskie, Christopher Wing

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Major League Soccer (MLS) has experienced significant growth since its establishment 30 years ago. However, no research has investigated the on-field performance trends. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the evolution of MLS match-play via technical and tactical key performance indicators, and investigate the differences between teams according to league finishing position. MLS on-field performance indicators were obtained across six seasons from open-source website FBref. Mean game values were collected from 21 match performance indicators for every MLS team over six seasons. Teams were also classified according to their league finishing position at the conclusion of each …

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When Does The Peak Countermovement Jump Performance Occur? Mapping Peak-Trial Timing Across Six Clustered Repetitions, Karol Kruczek, Szymon Karpęcki, Tim Gabbett, Jason Lake, Michał Nowak Jan 2026

When Does The Peak Countermovement Jump Performance Occur? Mapping Peak-Trial Timing Across Six Clustered Repetitions, Karol Kruczek, Szymon Karpęcki, Tim Gabbett, Jason Lake, Michał Nowak

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Force-plate countermovement jump (CMJ) testing is widely used to assess neuromuscular status, yet monitoring interpretation often relies on best-trial values from abbreviated protocols, potentially biasing conclusions when the session maximum occurs beyond the sampled attempts. We mapped peak-trial timing across a six-trial clustered (3 + 3) CMJ protocol for seven outcome and strategy force–time metrics, and tested whether this peak-trial pattern was preserved between personal best (PB) and typical state (TS) monitoring sessions, both defined using modified reactive strength index (mRSI) as the primary selection variable. Retrospective dual-force-plate data (1000 Hz; August 2020–December 2025) were analysed from 314 athletes who …

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Effect Of Blood Flow Restricted Walking On Cardiovascular Fitness, Muscular Development, And Functional Performance In Adults: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis, Michael Beere, James R. Mckee, Isaac Selva Raj, Kieran J. Marston, Kristen De Marco, Brook Galna, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Belinda Brown, Keith D. Hill, Peter Edwards, Brendan R. Scott Jan 2026

Effect Of Blood Flow Restricted Walking On Cardiovascular Fitness, Muscular Development, And Functional Performance In Adults: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis, Michael Beere, James R. Mckee, Isaac Selva Raj, Kieran J. Marston, Kristen De Marco, Brook Galna, Jeremiah J. Peiffer, Belinda Brown, Keith D. Hill, Peter Edwards, Brendan R. Scott

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Increasing evidence from randomised controlled trials demonstrates blood flow restriction (BFR) improves walking intervention outcomes compared to walking without BFR. This systematic review and meta-analysis examined the effects of BFR walking interventions on cardiovascular fitness, muscle strength and hypertrophy, and functional performance in adults, and moderators of age, health status, training volume and intensity. Six databases were systematically searched following PRISMA guidelines, up to April 2025. Studies were eligible if participants were ≥ 18 years, included randomised controlled trials with BFR walking interventions ≥ 12 sessions and ≥10 min/session, at least one measure of cardiovascular fitness, muscular strength, muscular hypertrophy, …

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Neurophysiological And Neuromuscular Responses Associated With The Repeated Bout Effect Following Eccentric Exercise In Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Oliver Hayman, Abdulrahman T. Alsowail, Benjamin Griffiths, Stuart R. Gray, Glyn Howatson, Ken Nosaka, Stuart Goodall, Ashlyn K. Frazer, Dawson J. Kidgell Jan 2026

Neurophysiological And Neuromuscular Responses Associated With The Repeated Bout Effect Following Eccentric Exercise In Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Oliver Hayman, Abdulrahman T. Alsowail, Benjamin Griffiths, Stuart R. Gray, Glyn Howatson, Ken Nosaka, Stuart Goodall, Ashlyn K. Frazer, Dawson J. Kidgell

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Muscle damage severity decreases after repeated eccentric exercise bouts (the repeated bout effect [RBE]), but whether accompanying neural and neuromuscular changes contribute to protection or arise secondary to reduced damage remains unclear. This systematic review and meta-analysis compared neurophysiological and neuromuscular responses between initial and repeated eccentric bouts in healthy adults. Eight databases were searched from November 1990 to January 2025, and Hedges’ g was calculated where outcomes were comparable. Given the small number of contributing studies, all pooled analyses were considered exploratory. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. Twitch/evoked force showed recovery-compatible point estimates at 24 h (g = …

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Superior Effects Of High-Intensity Interval Eccentric Cycling Training On Neuromuscular Adaptations With Similar Aerobic Adaptations To Concentric Cycling, Marcin Lipski, Joanne Trezise, Chris R. Abbiss, Kazunori Nosaka Jan 2026

Superior Effects Of High-Intensity Interval Eccentric Cycling Training On Neuromuscular Adaptations With Similar Aerobic Adaptations To Concentric Cycling, Marcin Lipski, Joanne Trezise, Chris R. Abbiss, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: We compared the effects of high-intensity interval eccentric (EC) versus concentric cycling (CC) training on aerobic capacity, muscle function and morphology. Methods: Healthy men (19–56 y) performed EC (n = 9) or CC (n = 8) training twice a week for 8 weeks. The training progressed from 5 × 2-min intervals with 1-min rest to 7 × 2-min intervals with 30-s rest. EC and CC were matched for perceived effort, and progressed from 30 to 36% of concentric peak power output (PPO10s) for CC and from 45 to 70% PPO10s for EC. Changes in peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak), incremental …

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Discrepancies In Combat Sports Injury Reporting: A Comparison Of Athlete Self-Reports And Ringside Physician Data, Colin S. Doherty, Oliver R. Barley, Lauren V. Fortington Jan 2026

Discrepancies In Combat Sports Injury Reporting: A Comparison Of Athlete Self-Reports And Ringside Physician Data, Colin S. Doherty, Oliver R. Barley, Lauren V. Fortington

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: The objective of this study is to describe and compare competition injuries in combat sports using two sources: (1) athletes' self-reported injury-related health problems (HPs) seven days after the competition, and (2) injury reports completed by ringside physicians immediately after each contest. Design: Cross-sectional study of 29 combat sport events in Western Australia between August 2022 and November 2023. Methods: Athletes reported injury-related HPs through an online questionnaire that included the Oslo Sports Trauma Research Centre Questionnaire on Health Problems 2 (OSTRC-H2). Ringside physicians-documented injuries/medical notes were provided by the Western Australia Combat Sports Commission. Results: Out of 250 …

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Aspiring Athletes Managing Sport, Education, Social, And Family Life: A Scoping Review, Donna Howard, Ivan Jeftic, Paul Goods, Ben Jackson, Caitlin Fox-Harding, Michael Rosenberg Jan 2026

Aspiring Athletes Managing Sport, Education, Social, And Family Life: A Scoping Review, Donna Howard, Ivan Jeftic, Paul Goods, Ben Jackson, Caitlin Fox-Harding, Michael Rosenberg

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: This scoping review considers the experiences of aspiring high school-aged athletes as they navigate the complexities of managing sport, education, social, and family life. The review synthesises existing literature on the decisions, barriers, facilitators, and support systems that influence aspiring athletes' pathways. Design: Systematic scoping review. Methods: Following the PRISMA-ScR framework, four databases were searched (SCOPUS, SPORTDiscus, PsycInfo, CINAHL), and studies involving aspiring high school aged athletes were uploaded to Covidence. Results: Across the four databases 1781 studies were identified through abstract screening and 61 of these studies were used for the final review. Despite the significant commitment that …

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Effect Of Traditional And Cluster Set Structures On Bar Path Kinematics During High-Volume Power Clean Training, Tsuyoshi Nagatani, Shayne Vial, Kristina L. Kendall, Paul Comfort, Jiahao Yang, G. Gregory Haff Jan 2026

Effect Of Traditional And Cluster Set Structures On Bar Path Kinematics During High-Volume Power Clean Training, Tsuyoshi Nagatani, Shayne Vial, Kristina L. Kendall, Paul Comfort, Jiahao Yang, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aim of this study was to examine the effects of traditional (TRAD) and cluster (CLU) set structures on bar path kinematics during a series of high-volume power clean sets, and compare insights gained from discrete versus waveform analysis. Twenty participants completed TRAD or CLU protocols in a randomised, crossover design. Each protocol involved three sets of nine repetitions at 70% of one-repetition maximum. In CLU sets, a 30-second inter-repetition rest was applied. During TRAD sets, peak velocity declined, and significant (p ≤ 0.05) changes were observed in both vertical and horizontal barbell displacement across repetitions, indicating fatigue-related technical alterations. …

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Effects Of An 8-Week Minimal-Dose Home-Based Eccentric Exercise Program On Physical Health And Exercise Adherence, Benjamin J.C. Kirk, Georgios Mavropalias, Anthony J. Blazevich, Jodie L. Cochrane Wilkie, Aus Molan, Kazunori Nosaka Jan 2026

Effects Of An 8-Week Minimal-Dose Home-Based Eccentric Exercise Program On Physical Health And Exercise Adherence, Benjamin J.C. Kirk, Georgios Mavropalias, Anthony J. Blazevich, Jodie L. Cochrane Wilkie, Aus Molan, Kazunori Nosaka

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: This study investigated whether extending a previously tested minimal-dose 4-week, 5-min daily home-based eccentric exercise program to 8 weeks would lead to continued improvements in physical fitness, health markers, and mental well-being in sedentary individuals, and whether it could promote sustained exercise habits up to 12 months post-intervention. Methods: Ten sedentary participants (54 ± 9 y) completed an 8-week daily home-based exercise program involving four bodyweight-based exercises (chair squats, wall push-ups, chair-reclines, and heel drops) and their progressed variations. Outcome measures were collected at baseline and 4 and 8 weeks, including isometric mid-thigh pull (IMTP), handgrip strength (HG), push-ups, …

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Within-Session Dose–Response And Between-Session Carry-Over Effects Of Eccentric Contractions Versus Static Stretches On Range Of Motion And Muscle–Tendon Mechanics, Anthony David Kay, Anthony William Baross, Brett Anthony Baxter, Anthony John Blazevich Jan 2026

Within-Session Dose–Response And Between-Session Carry-Over Effects Of Eccentric Contractions Versus Static Stretches On Range Of Motion And Muscle–Tendon Mechanics, Anthony David Kay, Anthony William Baross, Brett Anthony Baxter, Anthony John Blazevich

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: Eccentric resistance training produces substantial increases in maximum joint range of motion (ROM), highlighting its potential as an alternative to static stretching. However, little is known about the short-term effects or associated mechanisms. Therefore, this study compared within-session responses and between-session carry-over effects of eccentric contractions and static stretching in 18 healthy human volunteers. Methods: Using a counterbalanced crossover design, participants completed four sessions across two conditions: Eccentric contractions (EC1, EC2) and static stretching (SS1, SS2), with 48–72 h between sessions. EC comprised 5 sets of 10 × 3-s isokinetic eccentric contractions while SS comprised 5 sets of 30-s …

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Blood Flow Restriction During Small-Sided Games Enhances Physiological Adaptations And Performance Improvements In Well-Trained Basketball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Hengxian Liu, Mingyue Yin, Kai Xu, Shengji Deng, James R. Mckee, Brendan R. Scott, Olivier Girard, Mingxin Zhang Jan 2026

Blood Flow Restriction During Small-Sided Games Enhances Physiological Adaptations And Performance Improvements In Well-Trained Basketball Players: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Hengxian Liu, Mingyue Yin, Kai Xu, Shengji Deng, James R. Mckee, Brendan R. Scott, Olivier Girard, Mingxin Zhang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study examined whether adding blood flow restriction (BFR) to small-sided games (SSG) augments cardiorespiratory/anaerobic adaptations and lower-limb muscular performance in well-trained male collegiate basketball players. Twenty-four atheletes (age: 21.0 ± 1.6 years) were randomized to either an experimental (SSG+BFR; 100–130% of leg systolic pressure) or a control group (SSG; without BFR) and completed eight 3 vs. 3 player-SSG sessions over four weeks (4 sets of 3–4.5-min bouts; 3-min rest intervals). Peak aerobic power, Peak oxygen uptake [VO2peak], Wingate 30-s peak/mean power, lower-limb performance (back-squat 1RM, countermovement-jump [CMJ] height/power, T-test, 30-m sprint, repeated-sprint ability [RSA best/mean and decrement score]) were …

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Influence Of Chronotype On Cycling Performance In Simulated 20-Km Time Trials—A Pilot Study, Sabrina Forster, Sascha Schwindling, Chris Abbiss, Fabienne Döringer, Andreas Klütsch, Anne Hecksteden, Tim Meyer Jan 2026

Influence Of Chronotype On Cycling Performance In Simulated 20-Km Time Trials—A Pilot Study, Sabrina Forster, Sascha Schwindling, Chris Abbiss, Fabienne Döringer, Andreas Klütsch, Anne Hecksteden, Tim Meyer

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The chronotype (CT) refers to an individual's diurnal preference towards morningness (M) or eveningness (E). The aim of this study was to determine the influence of chronotype on 20-km cycling performance throughout the day. Seventy-six competitive male cyclists and triathletes completed the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire to determine chronotype. Only participants categorised as ‘definite’ M- (n = 10) and E-types (n = 7) were included in the study. In a randomised order and separated by 2–7 days, participants performed four self-paced 20-km cycling time trials at four different times of the day (06:00 h, 12:00 h, 18:00 h, 22:00 h). Mental readiness …

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Effects Of Recreational Football On Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Health, And Functional Performance In Children And Adolescents: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Yanzhao Lei, Yanmei Ding, Bo Wang, Hengzhi Deng, Mingyue Yin, Kai Xu, Hengxian Liu, Meiling Tao, Yanfeng Li, Yilin Zhang, Yuhang Liu, Fanhao Meng, Hansen Li, Xing Zhang, Bitai Wu Jan 2026

Effects Of Recreational Football On Body Composition, Cardiometabolic Health, And Functional Performance In Children And Adolescents: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Yanzhao Lei, Yanmei Ding, Bo Wang, Hengzhi Deng, Mingyue Yin, Kai Xu, Hengxian Liu, Meiling Tao, Yanfeng Li, Yilin Zhang, Yuhang Liu, Fanhao Meng, Hansen Li, Xing Zhang, Bitai Wu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: The systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effects of recreational football on body composition, cardiometabolic health, and functional performance in children and adolescents. Additionally, it explored potential moderators through subgroup analyses. Methods: A systematic search was conducted in six databases in May 2025. A random-effects model was employed for the meta-analysis, and effect sizes were reported as standardized mean differences (SMD, Hedges’ g). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were conducted to examine sources of heterogeneity. Results: A total of 20 studies (N = 2,906; age range: 8–17 years) were included. Of the participants, 1,524 (52.44%) were male, 1,174 …

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Functional Data Analysis Of Vertical Barbell Acceleration During The Pull Of The Power Clean, Tsuyoshi Nagatani, Shayne Vial, Kristina L. Kendall, Paul Comfort, G. Gregory Haff Jan 2026

Functional Data Analysis Of Vertical Barbell Acceleration During The Pull Of The Power Clean, Tsuyoshi Nagatani, Shayne Vial, Kristina L. Kendall, Paul Comfort, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between vertical barbell acceleration patterns and power clean performance. Thirty strength-power athletes performed a one repetition maximum (1RM) power clean test, recording vertical barbell acceleration data from their heaviest successful lifts. This data was then analysed using functional principal component (fPC) analysis methods. Three vertical barbell acceleration patterns were extracted, with each primarily reflecting variations in the magnitude of vertical barbell acceleration during the second pull (fPC1), the transition (fPC2), and the first pull (fPC3). Additionally, two fPCs were extracted from displacement fields, which explain timing variations in barbell acceleration …

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Importance Of Strength Training To Prevent Secondary Lower Limb Musculoskeletal Injury In Military Personnel, Peter Ladlow, Russell J. Coppack, Robyn P. Cassidy, Rachel Rodgers, Robert Barker-Davies, Paul Comfort, Nicholas J. Ripley, Christopher Bramah, Colin Suffield, Debra Hayhurst, Marina De Vecchis, Samual R. Higgins, Alexander N. Bennett, Oliver O’Sullivan Jan 2026

Importance Of Strength Training To Prevent Secondary Lower Limb Musculoskeletal Injury In Military Personnel, Peter Ladlow, Russell J. Coppack, Robyn P. Cassidy, Rachel Rodgers, Robert Barker-Davies, Paul Comfort, Nicholas J. Ripley, Christopher Bramah, Colin Suffield, Debra Hayhurst, Marina De Vecchis, Samual R. Higgins, Alexander N. Bennett, Oliver O’Sullivan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Considerable operational and financial costs are associated with musculoskeletal injury (MSKI) across military organisations. Following an MSKI, reaching ‘medically fully deployable’ status is often contingent on meeting physical employment standards. Strength training has a critical role to play in military physical preparation, injury mitigation and guiding rehabilitation practice. Low levels of muscle strength are associated with increased MSKI risk, and previous MSKI is a leading risk factor for re-injury. When an MSKI does occur, it is essential that all attempts to mitigate the risk of secondary MSKI are met. Maximal force (muscle strength) and rapid force (rate of force development …

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Influence Of Prior Alkalosis Or Acidosis On Physiological Responses During Passive Hyperthermia, Jacky Soo, Shernise Ng, Chris Abbiss, Olivier Girard, Mohammed Ihsan Jan 2026

Influence Of Prior Alkalosis Or Acidosis On Physiological Responses During Passive Hyperthermia, Jacky Soo, Shernise Ng, Chris Abbiss, Olivier Girard, Mohammed Ihsan

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study manipulated the blood pH of participants to be mildly acidic or basic prior to passive hyperthermia to examine its effects on thermoregulatory and chemo-regulatory responses, including ventilatory parameters, rectal temperature (Tre) and thermal perception. Twelve healthy males attended three experimental sessions in a double-blind, randomised, counterbalanced design. Passive hyperthermia was induced by hot water immersion at 40°C following the consumption of corn starch (placebo; PLA), ammonium chloride (AC) or sodium bicarbonate (SB). Compared with PLA, SB consumption increased blood pH and HCO3−, whilst AC decreased both blood pH and HCO3− (all P <  0.001). Specifically, minute ventilation was unchanged following SB (11.0 ± 3.7 L min−1) but …

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What Is Resistance Exercise? A Review Of Current Uses And Potential Ways Forward, Lars H. Lohmann, José Afonso, David G. Behm, Stanislaw D. Siegel, Michael Keiner, Klaus Wirth, Anthony J. Blazevich, Eric R. Helms, Alyssa Joy Spence, Konstantin Warneke Jan 2026

What Is Resistance Exercise? A Review Of Current Uses And Potential Ways Forward, Lars H. Lohmann, José Afonso, David G. Behm, Stanislaw D. Siegel, Michael Keiner, Klaus Wirth, Anthony J. Blazevich, Eric R. Helms, Alyssa Joy Spence, Konstantin Warneke

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The resistance exercise (RE) literature highlights the importance and impact of RE in sports performance, daily life, and clinical outcomes. While RE research dates back to the 19th century, current definitions of what constitutes RE are varied and give rise to questions about the requisites of RE. For example, some definitions refer to movements or muscle contractions against external resistance whereas others consider all repeated actions against one’s bodyweight. Taken to the limit, this could introduce confusion between RE and endurance exercise, for example. Without a clear definition, systematic reviews (with meta-analysis) discuss outcomes of studies examining the effects of …

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Does Performing Partial Repetitions Beyond Momentary Failure Enhance Muscle Hypertrophy In Volume-Load-Equated Calf-Raise Resistance Training?, Amirali Goli, Parsa Attarieh, João Pedro Nunes, Saman Nehegadar, Saaed Khani, Mohmad Fashi, Sajjad Ahmadizad Jan 2026

Does Performing Partial Repetitions Beyond Momentary Failure Enhance Muscle Hypertrophy In Volume-Load-Equated Calf-Raise Resistance Training?, Amirali Goli, Parsa Attarieh, João Pedro Nunes, Saman Nehegadar, Saaed Khani, Mohmad Fashi, Sajjad Ahmadizad

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aim of this study was to determine whether extending traditional calf-raise resistance training sets with partial-range-of-motion (ROM) repetitions in the more dorsiflexed ROM enhances muscular hypertrophy. Sixteen untrained men (25.0±1.7y) completed 10 weeks of unilateral standing calf-raise training (2×/wk) in a within-subject design: one leg performed traditional 10-14RM sets to full-ROM momentary failure (MF; 4-6 sets/session) and the other leg performed half as many sets to full-ROM failure followed by partial-ROM repetitions to a second failure in the more dorsiflexed ROM (PBF; 2-3 sets/session). Total volume-load was equated between conditions; repetitions were counted the same way regardless of the …

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Effects Of Maximal Versus Submaximal Intended Velocity Resistance Training On Muscular Fitness Adaptations In Older Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Meiling Tao, Kaifang Liao, Mingyue Yin, Zhili Chen, Yuming Zhong, Chenwen Zhu, Yuou Song, Steve Thompson, Chris Bishop, Yongming Li Jan 2026

Effects Of Maximal Versus Submaximal Intended Velocity Resistance Training On Muscular Fitness Adaptations In Older Adults: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Meiling Tao, Kaifang Liao, Mingyue Yin, Zhili Chen, Yuming Zhong, Chenwen Zhu, Yuou Song, Steve Thompson, Chris Bishop, Yongming Li

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Purpose: This systematic review aimed to: 1) explore muscular fitness adaptations (e.g., muscle mass, muscle strength, functional performance) in older adults (≥ 60 years) following exercise with resistance training compared to control; and 2) investigate the moderating effects of load intensity, training frequency, and movement velocity on muscular fitness adaptations.Methods: Four databases were searched (April 2024, updated 2025). Pooled effects for each outcome were summarized using Standardized Mean Difference (Hedges’ g) through a three-level meta-analysis model, and subgroup was used to explore moderators. The certainty of evidence was assessed using the GRADE approach.Results: Sixteen studies were eligible (n = 801), …

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Enhancing Physical Performance With Ischemic Preconditioning: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Moderators And Performance Outcomes, Yilin Zhang, Kai Xu, Hao Kong, Mingyue Yin, Chenghao Liu, Yun Xie, Liam Kilduff, Gustavo R. Mota, Olivier Girard Jan 2026

Enhancing Physical Performance With Ischemic Preconditioning: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Moderators And Performance Outcomes, Yilin Zhang, Kai Xu, Hao Kong, Mingyue Yin, Chenghao Liu, Yun Xie, Liam Kilduff, Gustavo R. Mota, Olivier Girard

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

This study examined the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on physical performance, considering the influence of timing, warm-up (WU), participant characteristics, and IPC protocols structure. A total of 90 trials (1,439 participants) were retrieved from three databases and assessed using PICOS criteria. Multilevel meta-analyses with cluster-robust variance adjustments were conducted to calculate pooled effect sizes (Hedge’s g). Risk of bias and certainty of evidence were assessed using the RoB 2 tool and GRADE framework. IPC produced a trivial but significant improvement in physical performance (g = 0.13, P < 0.01), which persisted after excluding SHAM effects (g = 0.10; P < 0.01). Significant improvements were observed for maximum repetitions, time to failure, and power output, but not for jump ability, strength, or oxygen uptake. Comparable benefits were found for anaerobic (g = 0.15) and aerobic (g = 0.10) exercise, with greater effects in males and less-trained participants. Performance was further enhanced when IPC was followed by WU (g = 0.16), with the optimal IPC-to-WU interval being ~42 minutes. Without WU, the effective IPC window narrowed to 6–7 minutes. In practice, IPC can enhance physical performance, independently of sham effects, moderated by sex, training level, and WU. For competition or testing, the most effective strategy appears to be 3 or 4 × 5-min IPC protocol, followed by a 42-min interval, standardized warm-up, and endurance testing. For mechanistic studies, WU should be excluded, and testing conducted 6-7 minutes post-IPC. Future research should target women, middle-aged individuals, and elite athletes.

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An Exploratory Survey Of The Application Of Accentuated Eccentric Loading In Resistance Training, Jiahao Yang, Comfort, Kristina Kendall, G. Gregory Haff Jan 2026

An Exploratory Survey Of The Application Of Accentuated Eccentric Loading In Resistance Training, Jiahao Yang, Comfort, Kristina Kendall, G. Gregory Haff

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The aim of this study was to investigate how accentuated eccentric loading (AEL) is currently utilised by strength and conditioning (S&C) coaches. The survey consisted of closed- and open-ended questions divided into 3 key areas of focus (1-Coach and Athlete Demographic, 2-Perceptions of AEL, and 3-Program Design) was administered to S&C coaches. Response frequencies for sections 1 and 2 were calculated as percentages of total respondents, whereas frequencies in Section 3 were calculated relative to respondents who selected each specific training purpose. A thematic analysis was conducted for the responses to an open-ended question. A total of 38 respondents met …

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Methodological Considerations For Studies In Sport And Exercise Science With Women As Participants Part Ii: Guidance For Applied Studies In Elite Female Athletes, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Richard J. Burden, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Louise M. Burke, Naama Constantini, Anthony C. Hackney, Rachel Harris, Franco M. Impellizzeri, Xanne A.K. Janse De Jonge, Constance M. Lebrun, Clare Minahan, Sophia Nimphius, Stuart M. Phillips, Sarianna Sipilä, Juliette A. Strauss, Paul Swinton, Craig Sale Jan 2026

Methodological Considerations For Studies In Sport And Exercise Science With Women As Participants Part Ii: Guidance For Applied Studies In Elite Female Athletes, Kirsty J. Elliott-Sale, Richard J. Burden, Kathryn E. Ackerman, Louise M. Burke, Naama Constantini, Anthony C. Hackney, Rachel Harris, Franco M. Impellizzeri, Xanne A.K. Janse De Jonge, Constance M. Lebrun, Clare Minahan, Sophia Nimphius, Stuart M. Phillips, Sarianna Sipilä, Juliette A. Strauss, Paul Swinton, Craig Sale

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The purpose of this statement is to guide the design and conduct of high-quality sport and exercise science studies investigating the effects of varied ovarian hormone profiles on the health and athletic performance of elite female athletes. Beyond the menstrual cycle, these athletes present with a wide range of ovarian hormone profiles, including those associated with puberty and menarche, menstrual dysfunction, hormonal contraceptive use, pregnancy and postpartum, perimenopause, menopause and post-menopause. To effectively integrate knowledge of ovarian hormone profiles into high-performance sport and address the diverse needs of female athletes, future research and educational initiatives must encompass this broader spectrum …

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A Multidimensional Evaluation Of Various Isometric Posterior Chain Strength Assessments: Comparative Force Production Characteristics, Administrative Feasibility, And Athlete-Reported Experience, Adam E. Sundh, Nicholas J. Ripley, Aj J. Lamb, Devin S. Vervoort, Paul Comfort Jan 2026

A Multidimensional Evaluation Of Various Isometric Posterior Chain Strength Assessments: Comparative Force Production Characteristics, Administrative Feasibility, And Athlete-Reported Experience, Adam E. Sundh, Nicholas J. Ripley, Aj J. Lamb, Devin S. Vervoort, Paul Comfort

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Isometric posterior chain strength assessments are increasingly employed in high-performance sports for benchmarking and fatigue monitoring, yet little is known about how practical implementation factors influence protocol selection. The aim of this study was to examine the feasibility, practicality, participant perceptions, and reliability of four commonly used isometric posterior chain assessments, the long-lever bridge (LLB), standing 90:20, supine 90:90, and supine 30:30. Thirty-seven NCAA division II athletes (19 females: age = 20.1 ± 0.9 years, height = 166.7 ± 5.2 cm, body mass = 67.0 ± 12.1 kg; and 18 males: 19.7 ± 1.2 years, height = 178.9 ± 6.6 …

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Incidence Of Health Problems In Australian Mixed Martial Arts And Muay Thai Competitors: A 14-Month Study Of 26 Combat Sports Events, Colin S. Doherty, Oliver R. Barley, Lauren V. Fortington Dec 2025

Incidence Of Health Problems In Australian Mixed Martial Arts And Muay Thai Competitors: A 14-Month Study Of 26 Combat Sports Events, Colin S. Doherty, Oliver R. Barley, Lauren V. Fortington

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Mixed martial arts (MMA) and Muay Thai (MT) are widely practiced combat sports, yet research on the full spectrum of competition-related health problems (HPs) remains limited, particularly for MT. Existing studies in both sports primarily focus on retrospective analyses of severe injuries, often estimating time lost from training or competition. This study describes the incidence of all competition HPs reported seven days after MMA and MT contests, and determines the number of days impacted by tracking athletes’ self-identified worst HPs until resolution. Methods: Data on competition HPs were collected using an online questionnaire completed seven days after each MMA …

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Comparison Of Respiratory Responses To Exercise Under Different Heat-Stressful Environments Between Oral Contraceptive And Naturally Menstruating Ovulating Female Athletes, Nanako Hayashi, Toby Mündel, Tze Huan Lei, Claire Badenhorst Dec 2025

Comparison Of Respiratory Responses To Exercise Under Different Heat-Stressful Environments Between Oral Contraceptive And Naturally Menstruating Ovulating Female Athletes, Nanako Hayashi, Toby Mündel, Tze Huan Lei, Claire Badenhorst

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

The present study conducted a secondary analysis of previous data (Lei et al., 2017, 2019) to compare exercise-induced respiratory responses under heat stress between the early follicular (EF)/ quasi -EF and mid-luteal (ML)/ quasi -ML phases in naturally menstruating and oral contraceptive pill (OCP)-using female athletes. Additionally, the study aimed to examine the associations between respiratory responses, thermoregulation, and hormonal profiles within each group. Sixteen endurance-trained female athletes participated: eight with a natural menstrual cycle (NM group) and eight using OCP (OCP group). Each participant completed four trials, comprising fixed-intensity cycling (at 125 and 150 W) followed by a 30-min …

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High-Dose Beta-Alanine Supplementation For Two Weeks Did Not Enhance Intermittent Endurance Or Sprint Performance In Trained Futsal Players, Hossein Miraftabi, Erfan Berjisian, Marzieh Nouri Dizicheh, Alireza Naderi, Masoud Bodaghi, Majid S. Koozehchian, Fatemeh Shabkhiz, Alvaro Lopez-Samanes Dec 2025

High-Dose Beta-Alanine Supplementation For Two Weeks Did Not Enhance Intermittent Endurance Or Sprint Performance In Trained Futsal Players, Hossein Miraftabi, Erfan Berjisian, Marzieh Nouri Dizicheh, Alireza Naderi, Masoud Bodaghi, Majid S. Koozehchian, Fatemeh Shabkhiz, Alvaro Lopez-Samanes

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of a high-dose beta-alanine (BA) supplementation on physical performance, blood lactate concentration, and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) in trained futsal players. Methods: Sixteen trained futsal players participated in a randomized, parallel, double-blind experiment, completing a two-week supplementation period with either 12 g/day of BA (n = 8; age: 19 ± 2 years; height: 1.78 ± 0.03 m; body mass: 68.5 ± 5.4 kg) or a placebo (PLA) (n = 8; age: 18 ± 1 years; height: 1.74 ± 0.08 m; body mass: 65.6 ± 6.4 kg). Athletes completed the futsal intermittent …

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The Effects Of Acute And Chronic Exercise On Lipocalin-2 In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial, Carlie Bauer, Marc Sim, Cassandra Smith, Rhiannon Healy, Andrew Garnham, Navabeh Zare-Kookandeh, Elizabeth Byrnes, Mary N. Woessner, Joshua R. Lewis, Itamar Levinger Dec 2025

The Effects Of Acute And Chronic Exercise On Lipocalin-2 In Middle-Aged And Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial, Carlie Bauer, Marc Sim, Cassandra Smith, Rhiannon Healy, Andrew Garnham, Navabeh Zare-Kookandeh, Elizabeth Byrnes, Mary N. Woessner, Joshua R. Lewis, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective Chronically elevated circulating lipocalin-2 (LCN2) levels are implicated in poor energy regulation, increased cardio-metabolic disease risk, and poor physical function. Exercise is known to improve these factors, but whether LCN2 is modifiable by exercise is not clear. We examined the effect of acute and chronic exercise on LCN2 levels and whether this relates to glucose regulation, body composition, and physical function. Design and methods Thirty-three middle-aged and older adults (45–84 years, median body mass index 26.21 kg/m2) completed an acute high-intensity interval exercise session (HIIE). Participants were randomized to 4 weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or …

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