Sports Sciences Commons^™

Navigator Role For Promoting Adaptive Sports And Recreation Participation In Individuals With Disabilities, Moriah Iverson, Alexander V. Ng, Alice F. Yan, Kimberley Zvara, Michael Bonk, Deb Falk-Palec, Cherri Sylla, Maurine Strickland, Rachel Preston, Diane W. Braza

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Objective

The aims of the study were to gain a better understanding of the resources, barriers, and facilitators of participation in adaptive sport and recreational activities as a means of achieving physical activity recommendations in individuals with disability and to understand preferences for a patient navigator service to help mitigate the barriers.

Design

Clinical, academic, and community stakeholders applied a community-engaged research approach to develop online surveys and focus group questions for adults with a disability or parents of a child with a disability to meet study objectives.

Results

One hundred ninety-eight adults and 146 parents completed the online surveys. …

The Reliability Of Tensiomyography For Assessment Of Muscle Function: A Systematic Review, Stephon Moise, Daniel Hampton

UCF DPT Research Capstone

Tensiomyography (TMG) is a non-invasive tool used to assess skeletal muscle tissue, including Displacement (Dm), Contraction Time (Tc), Sustain Time (Ts), Relaxation Time (Tr), and Delay Time (Td). This tool can be used clinically to determine muscular response to exercise.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the reliability of TMG measurements.

METHODS: Studies were identified from multiple databases and evaluated for inclusion. All studies underwent a quality assessment using the Modified Downs and Black checklist for assessing quality studies, and results were extracted from qualified articles.

RESULTS: 635 studies were identified with 16 studies retained following full …

Rehabilitation For Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tears: A Written And Video Guide For Athletes Today And In The Future, Braeland Jones

Honors Program: Senior Projects (Public)

The following paper is a partner to a corresponding video exercise guide. The purpose of this paper is to support the exercises included in the guide with research. The research paper aids in defining which exercises are included in the first place as well as in which section they appear. The research is the literary match for the recorded exercise guide, which will be the visual side of the project. The two ideally should be read and watched together to fully understand content of both portions. The paper guide is split into three sections, evaluating the types of exercises and …

Trial Of Newgait System To Alter Running Mechanics In High School Athlete: A Case Report, Kathy Tooman, Jozie Weiler, Stacy Ruotsala, Sarah Breen

Other

Trial of NewGait System to Alter Running Mechanics in High School Athlete: a Case Report

The Effect Of Different Balance Training Protocols On Athletes With Chronic Ankle Instability: A Systematic Review, Jonathan Boruta, Nate Macdonald, Zackery Wroniuk-Evans, Joshua Wilkes

Student Research Poster Presentations 2021

Chronic Ankle Instability (CAI) is a prevalent topic in the world of sports physical therapy due to the high incidence of ankle sprains among athletes. Differing opinions on methods of treatment for CAI has generated an influx of research regarding the effectiveness of different treatment protocols. Unstable balance training, plyometrics/hop stabilization training, resistance training with balance, and combined interventions are currently being researched to determine their effects on athletes with CAI.

Effect Of Blood Flow Restriction Training On Functional And Self-Reported Outcomes In Female Runners With Patellofemoral Pain, Lauren Nicole Erickson

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Background: Patellofemoral pain (PFP) is the leading cause of lower extremity injury in female runners, significantly limiting running ability and becoming chronic in nearly 50% of the cases. This condition, which presents as pain around (peripatellar) or behind (retropatellar) the patella, is associated with significant weakness of the quadriceps and gluteal musculature, as well as altered movements mechanics. The challenge for clinicians is designing an effective treatment program to reduce pain and improve function without causing symptoms to flare. Blood flow restriction training (BFRT) is a relatively new training method within rehabilitation that involves placing a pressurized cuff to the …

A Systematic Review Of Return To Sport Physical Performance Tests Of The Foot And Ankle, Michael Jeanfavre, Amy Humphrey, Matthew Klein

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Objective

This systematic review sought to update a prior review and identify the current physical performance tests (PPT) that are used to determine return to sport (RTS) readiness in competitive athletes following musculoskeletal foot and ankle pathology. Methods The PubMed, CINHAL, and SPORTDiscus databases were systematically searched for articles using keywords related to PPT, RTS, and foot and ankle injuries. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the risk of bias (RoB) tools proposed by the CLARITY from the McMaster University of Health Sciences.

Results

Twenty-five articles (9 RCTs, 16 Non-RCTs) with 1372 subjects were included for the …

Footwear Affects Conventional And Sumo Deadlift Performance, Kevin A. Valenzuela, Kellie A. Walters, Elizabeth L. Avila, Alexis S. Camacho, Fany Alvarado, Hunter J. Bennett

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Barefoot weightlifting has become a popular training modality in recent years due to anecdotal suggestions of improved performance. However, research to support these anecdotal claims is limited. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to assess the differences between the conventional deadlift (CD) and the sumo deadlift (SD) in barefoot and shod conditions. On day one, one-repetition maximums (1 RM) were assessed for thirty subjects in both the CD and SD styles. At least 72 h later, subjects returned to perform five repetitions in four different conditions (barefoot and shod for both CD and SD) at 70% 1 RM. A …

The Effects Of Blood-Flow Restriction Training On Muscle Hypertrophy, Strength, And Power In College-Age Adults, Meghan Rohde, Lauren Bacsalmasi, Quinton Erhard, Tanner Lung, Whitney Weinert

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Low load BFR (LLBFR) training can produce similar strength gains as high load resistance (HLR) training, especially in cases where persons may not have the ability to toelrate heavy loads. The purpose of this study was to compare changes in strength, power, and hypertrophy between HLR (70% 1RM) and LLBFR (30% 1RM). Methods: Sixteen healthy individuals, ages 23-21 (8 male, 8 female) were randomized into HLR and LLBFR groups. Obtained baseline measurements included 1-repetition maximum (1RM), thigh circumference, and vertical jump height. Each group performed back squat, Bulgarian split squat, barbell step ups, and lunges. The HL group trend …

Development Of A Field Expedient Screening Tool For The Coach To Identify Musculoskeletal Risk Factors In Baseball Players, Kyle Andrew Matsel

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Identification of musculoskeletal (MSK) injury risk factors in baseball players can be challenging particularly for youth and high school coaches. Many baseball coaches lack a sports medicine and/or strength and conditioning staff to assist with injury prevention initiatives. Given the extensive responsibilities in managing the team and preparing the players for athletic competition, little time remains to focus on injury prevention and arm care programs. Furthermore, assessment, diagnosis, and management of MSK impairments is outside the scope of practice and expertise of baseball coaches. However, educating and empowering the coach to efficiently screen their players for potentially injury producing MSK …

The Role Mentoring Plays In The Transition To Practice Of Newly Credentialed Athletic Trainers, Stacy E. Walker, Stephanie Mazerolle Singe, Julie M. Cavallario

Rehabilitation Sciences Faculty Publications

Context: Mentoring has been identified as an important method of supporting newly credentialed athletic trainers (ATs) during their transition to practice. Gaining a better understanding of this relationship could provide valuable insights that may assist employers and professional programs in developing a plan to better facilitate the transition.

Objective: To examine which aspects of the mentoring relationship provided the most benefit during the transition to practice of newly certified ATs.

Design: Qualitative study.

Setting: Individual phone interviews.

Patients or Other Participants: A total of 13 ATs who graduated from a professional master's program, were certified from February through July 2016, …

Effect Of Eurycoma Longifolia And Eccentric Exercise On Quadriceps Strength In Elite Rugby Player, Ahmad Zawawi Zakaria

Student Works (2020-2029)

Optimizing performance by resistance training over a limited amount of time was imperative in a training year plan. Superior effect of eccentric training has been documented but less known its influence on elite athletes which incorporated submaximal and supramaximal intensity eccentric that was essential for muscle strength and hypertrophy. Correspondingly, Eurycoma longifolia Jack (ElJ) supplementation has been shown to stimulate the production of the non-prohibited androgenic hormones, which was important for athletic performance in terms of muscular strength and size. However, investigation was not sufficiently vigorous on such effect of a supplement in elite athletes. Therefore, the major aim of …

Machine Learning To Predict Sports-Related Concussion Recovery Using Clinical Data, Yan Chu, Gregory Knell, Riley P. Brayton, Scott O. Burkhart, Xiaoqian Jiang, Shayan Shams

Faculty Publications - Doctor of Psychology (PsyD) Program

Objectives: Sport-related concussions (SRCs) are a concern for high school athletes. Understanding factors contributing to SRC recovery time may improve clinical management. However, the complexity of the many clinical measures of concussion data precludes many traditional methods. This study aimed to answer the question, what is the utility of modeling clinical concussion data using machine-learning algorithms for pre- dicting SRC recovery time and protracted recovery? Methods: This was a retrospective case series of participants aged 8 to 18 years with a diagnosis of SRC. A 6- part measure was administered to assess pre-injury risk factors, initial injury severity, and post-concussion …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Mcmurry’S Test In The Diagnosis Of Meniscal Tears, Jessica Smyth, Hartwell Rainey

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

No abstract provided.

Validation Of An Inertial-Measurement-Unit System For Calculating Hip And Knee Flexion Angles During Gait, Joonsun Park

Master's Theses

Technological advances regarding Inertial Measurements Units (IMUs) have positioned this type of sensor as an alternative for camera-based motion capture. This study introduces a new IMU based system (IMU_sys) to measure hip and knee flexion angles. PURPOSE: To validate the use of a five-sensor IMU_sys for the measurement of knee and hip flexion angles during gait in adults and pediatrics at two different time points. METHODS: Bilateral hip and knee flexion patterns (LH, RH, LK, and RK) of twenty-two healthy participants (12 adults and 10 pediatric) between the ages of 8 – 35 years were investigated. Participants …

Sex Differences In Fatigability Following Exercise Normalised To The Power–Duration Relationship, Paul Ansdell, Jacob Skarabot, Elliott Atkinson, Sarah Corden, Amber Tygart, Kristy M. Hicks, Kevin Thomas, Sandra K. Hunter, Glyn Howatson, Stuart Goodall

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Due to morphological differences, females demonstrate greater fatigue resistance of locomotor muscle during single-limb and whole-body exercise modalities. Whilst females sustain a greater relative intensity of single-limb, isometric exercise than males, limited investigation has been performed during whole-body exercise. Accordingly, this study established the power–duration relationship during cycling in 18 trained participants (eight females). Subsequently, constant-load exercise was performed at critical power (CP)-matched intensities within the heavy and severe domains, with the mechanisms of fatigability assessed via non-invasive neurostimulation, near-infrared spectroscopy and pulmonary gas exchange during and following exercise. Relative CP (72 ± 5 vs. 74 ± 2% P …

Greater Fatigue Resistance Of Dorsiflexor Muscles In People With Prediabetes Than Type 2 Diabetes, Jonathon Senefeld, Lynette A. Singh-Peters, Kenji A. Kenno, Sandra K. Hunter, Jennifer M. Jakobi

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Although exercise can prevent progression to T2D among people with prediabetes, little is known about fatigue during exercise in people with prediabetes compared to T2D. The purpose of the study was to compare the magnitude and mechanisms of fatigability of the ankle dorsiflexor muscles between people with prediabetes and T2D. Ten people with prediabetes (6 females, 51.7 ± 6.9 years) and fourteen with T2D (6 females, 52.6 ± 6.2 years) who were matched for age, body mass index and physical activity performed an intermittent (6 s contraction: 4 s relaxation) fatiguing task at 75% maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) with the …

Exercise And Lifestyle Physical Activity Recommendations For People With Multiple Sclerosis Throughout The Disease Course, Rosalind Kalb, Theodore R. Brown, Susan Coote, Kathleen Costello, Ulrik Dalgas, Eric Garmon, Barbara Geisser, June Halper, Herb Karpatkin, Jennifer Keller, Alexander V. Ng, Lara A. Pilutti, Amanda Rohring, Paul Van Asch, Kathleen Zachowski, Robert W. Motl

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Objectives:

To provide clinicians who treat multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with evidence-based or expert opinion–based recommendations for promoting exercise and lifestyle physical activity across disability levels.

Methods:

The National MS Society (“Society”) convened clinical and research experts in the fields of MS, exercise, rehabilitation, and physical activity to (1) reach consensus on optimal exercise and lifestyle physical activity recommendations for individuals with MS at disability levels 0–9.0 on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and (2) identify and address barriers/facilitators for participation.

Recommendations:

Based on current evidence and expert opinion, the Society makes the following recommendations, endorsed by the Consortium …

Impaired Firing Behavior Of Individually Tracked Paretic Motor Units During Fatiguing Contractions Of The Dorsiflexors And Functional Implications Post Stroke, Francesco Negro, Kathleen Bathon, Jennifer Nguyen, Cassidy Bannon, Claudio Orizio, Sandra K. Hunter, Allison S. Hyngstrom

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Introduction: This study quantified stroke-related changes in the following: (1) the averaged discharge rate of motor units (individually tracked and untracked) identified from high-density electromyography (HD-EMG) recordings, (2) global muscle EMG properties of the dorsiflexors during a fatiguing contraction, and the relationship between task endurance and measures of leg function.

Methods: Ten individuals with chronic stroke performed a sustained sub-maximal, isometric, fatiguing dorsiflexion contraction in paretic and non-paretic legs. Motor-unit firing behavior, task duration, maximal voluntary contraction strength (MVC), and clinical measures of leg function were obtained.

Results: Compared to the non-paretic leg, the paretic leg task duration was shorter, …

Time-Frequency Analysis Of Muscle Activation Patterns In People With Chronic Ankle Instability During Landing And Cutting Tasks, Hoon Kim, Rianna M. Palmieri-Smith, Kristof Kipp

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

People with chronic ankle instability (CAI) exhibit neuromuscular deficits. Previous studies, however, only investigated magnitudes of muscle activation and not the time-frequency domain.

Research question

Do people with CAI exhibit differences in muscle activation patterns in the time-frequency domain during landing, anticipated cutting, and unanticipated cutting compared to matched controls?

Methods

Eleven people with CAI and eleven healthy matched controls (CON) performed landing, anticipated cutting, and unanticipated cutting as surface EMG of the lateral gastrocnemius, medial gastrocnemius, fibularis longus, soleus, and tibialis anterior were recorded. The time-frequency domain of surface EMG data was analyzed with wavelet transformations and principal …

Who Is Wearing A Mask? Gender-, Age-, And Location-Related Differences During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Mike Haischer, Rachel Beilfuss, Meggie Rose Hart, Lauren Opielinski, David Wrucke, Gretchen Zirgaitis, Toni D. Urich, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Masks are an effective tool in combatting the spread of COVID-19, but some people still resist wearing them and mask-wearing behavior has not been experimentally studied in the United States. To understand the demographics of mask wearers and resistors, and the impact of mandates on mask-wearing behavior, we observed shoppers (n = 9935) entering retail stores during periods of June, July, and August 2020. Approximately 41% of the June sample wore a mask. At that time, the odds of an individual wearing a mask increased significantly with age and was also 1.5x greater for females than males. Additionally, the …

Greater Fatigability And Motor Unit Discharge Variability In Human Type 2 Diabetes, Jonathon Senefeld, Kevin G. Keenan, Kevin S. Ryan, Sarah E. D'Astice, Francesco Negro, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

This study determined the discharge characteristics of motor units from two lower limb muscles before and after fatiguing exercise in people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with no symptoms of polyneuropathy and activity-matched controls. Seventeen people with T2D (65.0 ± 5.6 years; 8 women) and 17 controls (63.6 ± 4.5 years; 8 women) performed: (a) intermittent, isometric contractions at 50% maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) sustained to failure with the ankle dorsiflexors, and (b) a dynamic fatiguing task (30% MVIC load) for 6 min with the knee extensors. Before and after the fatiguing tasks, motor unit characteristics (including coefficient of …

Ca2+ Dependency Of Limb Muscle Fiber Contractile Mechanics In Young And Older Adults, Laura E. Teigen, Christopher W. Sundberg, Lauren J. Kelly, Sandra K. Hunter, Robert H. Fitts

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Age-induced declines in skeletal muscle contractile function have been attributed to multiple cellular factors, including lower peak force (P_o), decreased Ca²⁺ sensitivity, and reduced shortening velocity (V_o). However, changes in these cellular properties with aging remain unresolved, especially in older women, and the effect of submaximal Ca²⁺ on contractile function is unknown. Thus, we compared contractile properties of muscle fibers from 19 young (24 ± 3 yr; 8 women) and 21 older adults (77 ± 7 yr; 7 women) under maximal and submaximal Ca²⁺ and assessed the abundance of three proteins thought to …

From Zero To One Hundred: Assessing Discomfort In Different Cuff Widths Following Use Of Blood Flow Restriction, Raksha Chatakondi

Honors Theses

Purpose: To examine the impact of cuff width, pressure, and sex on the perceptual response to blood flow restriction through a series of six experiments. Methods: Experiment One (n=50), Experiment Two (n=105), and Experiment Three (n=105) took place in the upper body, and Experiment Four (n=100), Experiment Five (n=100), and Experiment Six (n=100) took place in the lower body. Perceptual discomfort was measured following each condition. Results: Results are expressed as mean (+ SD). In Experiment One, there were no differences in discomfort. In Experiment Two, the wide cuff resulted in more discomfort [43 (20) AU] compared to the narrow …

Stationary Exercise Classification Using Imus And Deep Learning, Andrew M. Heroy, Zackary Gill, Samantha Sprague, David Stroud, John Santerre

SMU Data Science Review

In the current market, successful fitness tracking devices utilize heart rate and GPS to determine performance. These devices are useful, but don't extensively classify stationary exercise. This paper proposes a modern approach for tuning and investigating optimal neural network types on stationary exercises using Inertial Measurement Units (IMUs). Using three IMUs located on the ankle, waist, and wrist, data is collected to map the body as it moves during the stationary physical activity. A novel five-stage deep learning tuning system was written and deployed to classify user movement as one of three classes: air squats, jumping jacks, and kettlebell swings. …

Determinants Of Low Bone Mineral Density In People With Multiple Sclerosis: Role Of Physical Activity, Brice T. Cleland, Paula E. Papanek, Benjamin A. Ingraham, April L. Harkins, Mauricio Garnier-Villarreal, Douglas Woo, Mary Ellen Csuka, Alexander V. Ng

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

People with multiple sclerosis (PwMS) have reduced bone mineral density (BMD), but the causes are unclear. Some factors that may cause reduced BMD in PwMS have been understudied, including physical activity, inflammation, cortisol, symptomatic fatigue, and depression. The aim of this study was to investigate factors that may uniquely contribute to reduced BMD in PwMS as compared to people without MS. We hypothesized that physical activity would be the primary determinant of low BMD in PwMS, with additional contributions from inflammation and sympathetic nervous system activation.

Methods

We tested 23 PwMS (16 women; median EDSS: 2) and 22 control …

Increased Cardiovascular Response To A 6-Minute Walk Test In People With Type 2 Diabetes, Jonathon Senefeld, Sarah E. D'Astice, Alison R. Harmer, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background and objective

Exercise is a cornerstone of management for type 2 diabetes; however, little is known about the cardiovascular (CV) response to submaximal functional exercise in people with type 2 diabetes. The aim of this study was to compare performance and CV response during a 6-minute walk test (6MWT) between people with type 2 diabetes and matched control subjects.

Methods

CV response and distance walked during the 6MWT were assessed in 30 people with type 2 diabetes, matched for age, body composition, physical activity, and estimated aerobic capacity with 34 control subjects (type 2 diabetes group: 16 men, 59.8 …

Efficacy Of Osteoporosis Prevention Smartphone App, Polly Ryan, Roger L. Brown, Mary Ellen Csuka, Paula E. Papanek

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

Background

The Striving to be Strong study tested the efficacy of a multifaceted, theory-based, complex osteoporosis prevention smartphone application (app). We hypothesized use of the app would improve bone mineral density and trabecular bone scores.

Methods

The study was a three-group, prospective, repeated-measure, longitudinal randomized trial. Baseline sample consisted of 290 healthy women between 40 and 60 years of age. Participants were randomly assigned to one of three groups: “Striving,” a dynamically tailored, person-centered app; “Boning Up,” a standardized osteoporosis-education e-book; and “Wait List,” a participant’s choice of intervention in the final 3 months of the 12-month study. Participants had …

Effects Of Load Carriage On Shoulder Neuromuscular Functions And Recovery, Muataz R. Almaddah

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Load carriage is a primary source for injury occurrence among military personnel and recreational hikers affecting all body areas. The shoulder ranks as the second or third most common site of injuries among military personnel. Many studies report that elevations in self-reported fatigue, soreness, and discomfort in the shoulders accompany the load carriage. Almost 50% of military personnel experienced a load carriage injury during the first episode of training, and 75% of those injured suffered a second injury during their career. The goal of this research project is to investigate the components associated with load carriage shoulder symptoms to determine …

Influences Of Functional And Psychological Factors On Biomechanics Following An Anterior Cruciate Ligament (Acl) Reconstruction, Chelsey Roe

Theses and Dissertations--Rehabilitation Sciences

Objective: The aims of this research were to identify gaps in the literature related to return to sport (RTS) test batteries following primary anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) (Aim 1) and define recovery in athletes from 4-9 months after ACLR across three domains: 1) psychological recovery and biomechanics (Aim 2), 2) rehabilitation quantity and biomechanics (Aim 3), and 3) functional performance and biomechanics (Aim 4). Ultimately, the results of this research would quantify recovery following ACLR in athletes with a desire to RTS and identify objective criteria throughout rehabilitation prior to RTS.

Participants: Twenty-two post-ACLR athletes 17 females, 8 males, …