Physical Therapy Commons^™

Effects Of External Ankle Support On Dynamic Movements: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Danny Henderson, Brian O'Neal, Kevin Voss, Bret Zowada

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Ankle sprains, are one of the most common injuries among athletes and individuals that perform dynamic activities on a daily basis. A common treatment or prevention for ankle sprain is the use of external ankle support in the form of braces or tape. This study's purpose was to determine whether external ankle support influenced dynamic performance measures.

The study consisted of 15 males and 15 females totaling thirty participants with a mean age of24.67 years old. Subjects were included if they were healthy and had no previous ankle injuries. Using the NeuroCom Balance Master 8.2, each subject performed two dynamic …

Emg Analysis Of A Hamstring Co-Contraction And Its Effects On Abdominal Strength, Stephanie Rodman, Heather Robbins, Rebecca Thurn

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: Back pain and instability are common diagnoses treated by physical therapists. Treatment often includes abdominal or core strengthening exercises that act to improve stability about the lumbar spine. Hip flexors prevent the weaker abdominal muscles from working to their full potential and increase the lumbar lordosis placing the spine at risk of injury. Hip extensors work with abdominal muscles to reduce the lumbar lordosis, and restrict the hip flexor activity, allowing a stronger abdominal contraction. The purpose of this study was to determine if a co-contraction of the hamstring muscles during an abdominal crunch increased the electromyographic …

Analyzing Seated Pressure On Different Surfaces Using The Fsa Pressure Mapping System, Christine Robinson, Sara Sailer, Jennifer Weber, Amber Weide

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Pressure ulcers are a current problem for many individuals, both ambulatory and non-ambulatory. Insurance companies offer few policies and programs for individuals with pressure ulcers who are ambulatory, leaving these individuals minimal options to acquire pressure reliving devices that are covered by insurance. Non-traditional, inexpensive pressure reliving devices may be used as a cost effective alternative to a more expensive cushion. Little research has been conducted to determine if a less expensive device, such as a Homedics Micropedic Therapy pillow, would be effective in relieving pressure while seated.

The purpose of this study was to determine if there was a …

An Electromyographic Study Of Hip Muscle Activity In Varying Subtalar Joint Positions: Implications For Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injury Risk, Holly Augustine, Allison Biwer, Greg Jorgensen, Mitch Kary

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine if subtalar joint position affects the activity of hip musculature in static standing, and by those results imply a correlation between foot position and ACL injury risk.

Methods: Thirty participants took part in this randomized study in which EMG data were collected during 3 trials of 3 subtalar joint positions on the right lower extremity. Subtalar joint positions included a flat surface to represent a neutral subtalar position, a 5-degree incline rising from lateral to medial, promoting a supinated attitude of the foot, and the third position was on a 5- …

Barriers And Facilitators To A Healthy Diet And Physical Activity, Tiffany Black, Jennifer Buelt, Aubrey Trefz, Brian Tuchscherer

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Background and Purpose: The purpose of this study was to assess the barriers and facilitators to a healthy diet and physical activity of students attending the University of North Dakota. The research was designed to determine the students overall perception of the specific barriers and facilitators, however researchers also wanted to specify disparities existing among the different ages, genders, physical activity levels, body mass index and ethnicity. This study determined the attitudes and beliefs of UND students towards a healthy lifestyle. From the information gathered the researchers were able to make recommendations for program implementation and improvement.

Methods: A sample …

Biomechanical Analysis Of The Upper Extremity During Multiple Softball Pitches, Amy Bookkless, Katelyn Bottelberghe, Tara Petersen

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Purpose: There are a large number of fast pitch softball participants including high school, college, Olympic, professional and recreational leagues. While a large number of studies describe the baseball pitch, there is a shortage of studies describing the windmill softball pitch. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to utilize electromyography (EMG) and motion analysis to determine the biomechanical factors of muscle recruitment, shoulder and elbow range of motion and joint velocities during the windmill softball pitch.

Subjects: Five Division II women's fast pitch softball pitchers, mean age 19 years, were included in the study. The player's pitching experience averaged …

Motion Analysis And Electromyographic Analysis Of Ambulation With Assistive Devices, Tracy Foltz, Danielle Jwanouskos, Steven Pederson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to analyze the amount of muscle activity of the rectus abdominis and external obliques during the gait cycle with the use of forearm crutches and three different weight bearing statuses. Subjects: Seven female adults were recruited from the University of North Dakota Physical Therapy program. Inclusion criteria: between the ages of 19 and 40 years of age, current physical therapy students, and healthy with no current upper or lower extremity injuries.

Instrumentation: The EMG data was collected by the Noraxon Telemyo 900 telemetry unit and analyzed using the MyoResearch XP software. Six Vicon …

Establishing Intra-Reliability And Normative Data In Physical Functioning Assessments: A Pilot Study, Scott Jackson, Ryan Schrock, Mark Wilson

Physical Therapy Scholarly Projects

PURPOSE: Normative data ranges are not available for all functional balance tests for all age groups. The purpose is to establish intra-reliability and normative age-sensitive data ranges in a battery of functional balance-related measures including the modified Clinical Test for Sensory Integration and Balance (mCTSIB), One-legged Stance Test (OLST), Functional Reach Test (FRT), 30-second Sit-to-Stand Test (30STS), 1 O-meter Walk Test (10MWT), and Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale (ABC Scale).

METHODS: Ninety-two subjects (n =92), aged 19-87 years, were tested with each of these balance tests. Participants were randomly assigned the order in which to complete the six balance tests. Intra-rater …

Bone Stress Injury Of The Ankle In Professional Ballet Dancers Seen On Mri., Ilan Elias, Adam C Zoga, Steven M Raikin, Judith R Peterson, Marcus P Besser, William B Morrison, Mark E Schweitzer

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Ballet dancers have been shown to have a relatively high incidence of stress fractures of the foot and ankle. It was our objective to examine MR imaging patterns of bone marrow edema (BME) in the ankles of high performance professional ballet dancers, to evaluate clinical relevance. METHODS: MR Imaging was performed on 12 ankles of 11 active professional ballet dancers (6 female, 5 male; mean age 24 years, range 19 to 32). Individuals were imaged on a 0.2 T or 1.5 T MRI units. Images were evaluated by two musculoskeletal radiologists and one orthopaedic surgeon in consensus for location …

Effect Of Resistance Training In The Improvement Of H:Q Ratio In Males And Females, Pradeep Edupuganti

Open Access Theses & Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the change in hamstrings to quadriceps (H:Q) strength ratio between males and females following a 12-week resistance training program.

Design and Setting: We used a pretest-posttest experimental design to determine the amount of change produced by the training intervention in males and females. Isokinetic testing was performed on a Biodex System 3 isokinetic machine at 30°/sec, 60°/sec, 180°/sec and 240°/sec angular velocities, both before and after a 12-week training program.

Subjects: Twenty eight (14 male, 14 female) university recreationally active volunteers.

Variables: The dependent variables of interest were the conventional …

Making Sense Of Men's Workout Practices: The Body, Age And Identity, Andrew Dunne

Masters

Background: Within sociology it is generally accepted that the body has become an object or “project” that is worked on and transformed as a central part of self-identity (Baudrillard 1998; Corrigan 1997; Featherstone 1991; Giddens 1991; Turner 1995, 1992; Shilling 2003). An alternative to such arguments, Leder (1990) conceptualizes the body as an “absent presence”. He argues that, while the body plays a central role in shaping our experience of the world, we are frequently oblivious to our own bodies. For Leder, bodywork is sporadic. He contends that specific social and/or physiological experiences cause the body to “dys-appear”, or enter …

Is Electrical Stimulation A Predictive Tool For Autonomic Dysfunction In Males With Diabetes?, Susan Dorothy Rand

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

The purpose of this study was to examine whether electrical stimulation can be used as a predictive tool to assess autonomic dysfunction in males with diabetes. The study was designed to better understand the extent of autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction in the diabetic population.

Controls and patients with diabetes were recruited from the community at large and the Loma Linda University Diabetes Treatment Center and were managed by a physician. Twelve (12) people with diabetes and thirteen (13) control subjects participated. Mean age (years) for people with diabetes was 52.4 +/- 6.1 and 47.2 +/-11.1 for controls (p =0.05). …

Mechanisms Of Fatigue Differ After Low- And High-Force Fatiguing Contractions In Men And Women, Tejin Yoon, Bonnie A. Schlinder-Delap, Erin E. Griffith, Sandra K. Hunter

Exercise Science Faculty Research and Publications

The magnitude of failure in voluntary drive after fatiguing contractions of different intensities in men and women is not known. The purpose of this study was to compare the time to task failure and voluntary activation of men and women for a sustained isometric contraction performed at a low and high intensity with the elbow flexor muscles. Nine men and nine women sustained an isometric contraction at 20% and 80% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force until task failure during separate sessions. The men had a shorter time to failure than women for the 20% but not the 80% MVC …

The Effect Of Lower Extremity Ergometry Exercise On Deltoid Intramuscular Temperatures During And Following A 30-Minute 1-Kg Ice Bag Treatment, Shigeru Takeuchi

All-Inclusive List of Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Context: The practice of cycling for cardiovascular benefits and the simultaneous application of an ice bag to the upper extremity for cryotherapy effects is convenient and time-saving. However, exercise increases body temperature specially in working muscles. However, non-working areas are used to dissipate heat by receiving warmed blood. Objective: To determine the effect of lower body exercise on deltoid cooling during 1-kg ice bag treatment and post treatment rewarming, separately. Design: Two ( during and after ice application) 2 X 5 repeated measures designs with the treatment condition (bike and rest) and time (baseline, 1-, 10-, 20-, and 30-minutes during …

Physiological Effects Of Vibration In Select Populations, Colleen S. Maloney-Hinds

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Recently, researchers have demonstrated that Whole Body Vibration results in significant increases in skin blood flow. No study has determined if there is an optimal frequency or duration for optimizing this response. In addition, there is no known mechanism for the increase in skin blood flow. It is hypothesized that nitric oxide (NO) is responsible for the increase in skin blood flow due to its ability to vasodilate the smooth muscle in response to shear stress. Therefore, the purpose of this research was to determine the optimal frequency and duration of vibration and determine if NO is the mechanism for …

Intervention To Enhance Skilled Arm And Hand Movements After Stroke: A Feasibility Study Using A New Virtual Reality System, Jill Campbell Stewart Pt,Phd, Shih-Ching Yeh, Younbo Jung, Hyunjin Yoon

Faculty Publications

Background: Rehabilitation programs designed to develop skill in upper extremity (UE) function after stroke require progressive practice that engage and challenge the learner. Virtual realty (VR) provides a unique environment where the presentation of stimuli can be controlled systematically for optimal challenge by adapting task difficulty as performance improves. We describe four VR tasks that were developed and tested to improve arm and hand movement skills for individuals with hemiparesis. Methods: Two participants with chronic post-stroke paresis and different levels of motor severity attended 12 training sessions lasting 1 to 2 hours each over a 3-week period. Behavior measures and …

The Physiological Consequences Of Bed Rest, Kristin J. Stuempfle, Daniel G. Drury

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Bed rest often is used to treat a wide variety of medical conditions. However, bed rest results in profound deconditioning of the body. Bed rest reduces the hydrostatic pressure gradient within the cardiovascular system, reduces muscle force production, virtually eliminates compression on the bones, and lowers total energy expenditure. This review focuses on the deconditioning that occurs in the cardiovascular, muscular, and skeletal systems following bed rest. Reduction in plasma volume reduces cardiac preload, stroke volume, cardiac output, and ultimately, maximal oxygen consumption. Skeletal muscle volume, muscle cross sectional area, and fiber cross sectional area decrease, which results in diminished …

Bactericidal And Cytotoxic Effects Of Chloramine-T On Wound Pathogens And Human Fibroblasts In Vitro, Luther C. Kloth, Joseph E. Berman, Linda Jean Laatsch-Lybeck, Phyllis A. Kirchner

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate cytotoxicity and bactericidal effects of chloramine-T.

METHODS: In vitro study of various concentrations and exposure times to preparations containing human fibroblasts or 1.5 x 10⁸ colony forming units per milliliter (CFU/mL) of 3 gram-positive bacteria-Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S aureus, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecalis-and 2 gram-negative bacteria-Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa-with and without fetal bovine serum present.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Percentage reduction of bacterial growth and percentage of viable fibroblasts 48 hours after exposure.

RESULTS: All gram-positive growth was reduced by 95% to 100%, regardless of dose, with or without serum. …

Co-Localization Of P-Creb And P-Nr1 In Spinothalamic Neurons In A Chronic Muscle Pain Model, Marie K. Hoeger Bement, Kathleen A. Sluka

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

Activation of the cAMP pathway is an important mediator of chronic muscle pain. This study examined phosphorylation of the transcription factor cAMP-response-element-binding protein (p-CREB) and the NR1 subunit of the NMDA receptor (p-NR1) in the spinal cord. Bilateral mechanical hyperalgesia of the paw was induced by administering two injections of acidic saline, 5 days apart, into the gastrocnemius muscle of male Sprague–Dawley rats. The proportion of spinothalamic neurons that expressed p-NR1 or p-CREB did not change in the dorsal horn 24 h after the second intramuscular acid injection compared with animals that received pH 7.2 injections. This lack of change …

Antibacterial Activity Of Positive And Negative Polarity Low-Voltage Pulsed Current (Lvpc) On Six Typical Gram-Positive And Gram-Negative Bacterial Pathogens Of Chronic Wounds, Georg Daeschlein, Ojan Assadian, Luther C. Kloth, Christina Meinl, Frank Ney, Axel Kramer

Physical Therapy Faculty Research and Publications

The positive effect of electrical stimulation (ES) on wound healing has been shown in vitro and in vivo. On the basis of increased blood flow, protein denaturation, and stimulation of cellular defense, an antibacterial effect of ES is to be expected. Although the antibacterial effect of ES already has been demonstrated in vitro, little attention has been paid to the direct antibacterial effect of changing polarity of the applied current. The aim of this study was to investigate the antibacterial effect of positive and negative monophasic low-voltage pulsed current on typical Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens of chronic wounds. Using the …

A Case Study Of School Age Female Minority Athletes Who Became Pregnant, Floyd Jones Phd, Jennifer Y. Mak, Phyllis A. Jones Ed

Management Faculty Research

The purpose of this study is to provide an in-depth understanding of ''What had happened to the urban minority female athletes who became pregnant while playing high school basketball?'' The study wanted to provide a qualitative analysis of rich narrative data collected from questionnaire interviews of two separate groups (one in Pittsburgh, the other in New York City). The findings of this study suggest that in fact urban female African-Americans athletes still received benefits from sports participation.

The Relationship Between Ankle, Hindfoot, And Forefoot Position And Posterior Tibial Muscle Excursion, Adolph S. Flemister, Christopher G. Neville, Jeff Houck

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Background: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship of forefoot position in the transverse plane (abduction/adduction), hindfoot position in the frontal plane (eversion/inversion), and ankle position in the sagittal plane (plantarflexion/dorsiflexion) with posterior tibialis (PT) muscle excursion using an in vitro cadaver model.

Methods: Seven fresh-frozen cadaver specimens were potted and mounted on a frame. The PT tendon was dissected 15 cm proximal to the medial malleolus, and a 5-kg weight was sutured to the tendon. A six-camera motion analysis system (Optotrak, Northern Digital, Inc.) was used to track three-dimensional (3D) motion of the tibia, calcaneus (hindfoot) …

A Two-Hour Basketball Practice Increases Landing Error Scoring System Scores In Female Collegiate Basketball Players, Caroline Wesley

Undergraduate Theses and Capstone Projects

The high rate of knee injuries in women’s athletics has been well documented in recent years. There are multiple factors which contribute to the increased risk of injury in female athletes, including biomechanics when landing. Fatigue has also been examined as a contributing factor to injury, but few studies have utilized actual sport participation as a fatiguing protocol. No study has used the Landing Error Scoring System (LESS) to examine the changes that may result from fatigue. The objective of our study was to use the LESS to examine the effects of a two-hour basketball practice on the landing biomechanics …

The Effects Of A Short Course Of Muscle Energy Technique On Sacral Dysfunction In Patients With Acute Lumbosacral Pain, Regina O'Hara

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purposes of this research study were to examine the effects of treating patients with suspected acute iliosacral rotational dysfunction with muscle energy techniques (MET) on (1) disability, (2) perceived pain during lumbar motion in neutral, flexion, and extension, (3) lumbar range of motion in flexion and extension, and (4) sagittal innominate rotation. Subjects were randomly assigned to the experimental and placebo groups. Experimental subjects received MET treatments, and placebo subjects received a stretching placebo treatinent. Subjects were treated four times over the course of one week. The initial examination and treatment occurred within 72 hours of the onset of …

The Effect Of Three Foot Orthoses On Plantar Pressure Under The First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Of Pes Planus Foot Type During Standing And Slow Running, Lacey Ann Nordsiden

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Theses & Dissertations

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of three different foot orthoses on plantar pressure under the first metatarsophalangeal joint during standing and slow running. Twenty physically active participants, 12 males (19.7±1.3 years, 181.5±6.3cm, 83.6±12.3kg) and 8 females (20.8±1.5 years, 172.7±11.2cm, 69.9±14.2kg) with navicular drop greater than 10mm, no history of surgery to the lower extremity, and no history of pain or injury to the 1st metatarsophalangeal joint in the past six months volunteered for the study. Each subject performed standing and slow running tasks with four different orthosis conditions: no orthosis, metatarsal dome, U-shaped orthosis, and …

Influence Of Anticipation On Movement Patterns In Subjects With Acl Deficiency Classified As Noncopers, Jeff R. Houck, Kenneth E. De Haven, Mike Maloney

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

Study Design: Two-factor, mixed experimental design.

Objectives: To compare movement patterns of subjects who are anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) deficient and classified as noncopers to controls during early stance of anticipated and unanticipated straight and cutting tasks.

Background: Altered neuromuscular control of subjects that are ACL deficient and noncoper theoretically influences movement patterns during unanticipated tasks.

Methods and Measures: The study included 16 subjects who are ACL deficient, classified as noncopers, and 20 healthy controls. Data were collected using an Optotrak Motion Analysis System and force plate integrated with Motion Monitor Software to generate knee joint angles, moments, and power. …

Point/Counterpoint: Are Specific Spine Stabilization Exercises Necessary For Athletes?, J. Gray, Jason Brumitt, Loren Z.F. Chiu

Faculty Publications - College of Physical Therapy

The issue of spine stabilization has received considerable attention in recent years; although there are many proponents for specific training of spinal musculature, there is debate as to whether it is beneficial and required for athletes.

Effects Of Ingesting Javafit Energy Extreme Functional Coffee On Aerobic And Anaerobic Fitness Markers In Recreationally-Active Coffee Consumers, M. D. Roberts, L. W. Taylor, J. A. Wismann, C. D. Wilborn, R. B. Kreider, D. S. Willoughby

Physical Therapy

No abstract provided.

Acute Effects Of Ingesting Java Fit™ Energy Extreme Functional Coffee On Resting Energy Expenditure And Hemodynamic Responses In Male And Female Coffee Drinkers, L. W. Taylor, C. D. Wilborn, T. Harvey, J. A. Wismann, D. S. Willoughby

Physical Therapy

No abstract provided.

Comparing The Anatomical Consistency Of The Posterior Superior Iliac Spine To The Iliac Crest As Reference Landmarks For The Lumbopelvic Spine: A Retrospective Radiological Study, J. Mcgaugh, J. M. Brismée, G. S. Dedrick, E. A. Jones, P. S. Sizer

Physical Therapy

No abstract provided.