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Public Health Education and Promotion Commons™

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2016

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Articles 391 - 420 of 439

Full-Text Articles in Public Health Education and Promotion

Impact Of Medicare And Medicaid Beneficiaries With Selected Conditions On Emergency Department Utilization, John K. Amoh Jan 2016

Impact Of Medicare And Medicaid Beneficiaries With Selected Conditions On Emergency Department Utilization, John K. Amoh

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) are conditions that represent significant and ongoing medical costs, including frequent emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, work absences, and disability. This retrospective cross-sectional study, examined the effects of the frequent ED visits due to COPD and CHF on the beneficiaries of Medicare and Medicaid in Maryland. The goal was to identify the factors that led these patients to visit the ED, the impact of these visits on Medicare utilization and costs across Maryland, and preventative intervention strategies to control this population's costs of care. Secondary data were analyzed from 2010-2012 …

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Effect Of Reduced-Fee Dental Hygiene Treatment And Oral Health Perceptions Among Socioeconomically Deprived Persons, Janeime Necole Asbury Jan 2016

Effect Of Reduced-Fee Dental Hygiene Treatment And Oral Health Perceptions Among Socioeconomically Deprived Persons, Janeime Necole Asbury

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Access to oral health care remains problematic for millions of Americans. Factors such as socioeconomic status, age, race, and lack of dental insurance benefits inhibit the ability of many to obtain preventative oral health care. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of preventive oral health treatment and education at reduced-fee dental hygiene facilities on the oral health behaviors and perceptions of socioeconomically deprived persons within the state of Georgia. This study was based on the health belief model constructs. A convenience sample of 102 participants was recruited from the individuals who visited two dental hygiene colleges …

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Videotaped Role-Play Simulation In Teaching Transcultural Self-Efficacy To Interprofessional Healthcare Students, Holldrid Aner Odreman Jan 2016

Videotaped Role-Play Simulation In Teaching Transcultural Self-Efficacy To Interprofessional Healthcare Students, Holldrid Aner Odreman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Increased demand for culturally sensitive healthcare services suggests that interprofessional beginning healthcare students need to gain the necessary cultural competency skills to be successful in delivering positive health outcomes for diverse patients. Bandura's theory of observational learning, Mezirow's theory of transformative learning, and Purnell's and Paulanka's model of cultural competence informed the framework for this research. The purpose of this quasi-experimental quantitative study was to determine the relationship between mode of instruction (observing role models in videotaped role-play simulation) and increased transcultural self-efficacy in cultural competence instruction. A convenience sample of 196 students enrolled in an interprofessional education (IPE) course …

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The Connection Between Wellness Programs And Employee Job Satisfaction In Higher Education, Donel J. Richemond Jan 2016

The Connection Between Wellness Programs And Employee Job Satisfaction In Higher Education, Donel J. Richemond

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Job dissatisfaction is becoming a fundamental concern for employers. Employee engagement makes an organization more productive and can reduce absenteeism. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the relationship between employer-sponsored wellness-program participation and job satisfaction among for-profit college and university leaders. Data collection involved an online survey of 400 faculty members' from for-profit universities in the United States contacted using the Job Satisfaction Survey; 103 participants completed the survey. The theoretical framework was the need-satisfaction theory, which includes the factors that promote job satisfaction and job dissatisfaction. The results came from a multiple regression analysis that indicated …

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Comparing African- And U.S.-Born Blacks At Stage Of Diagnosis And Treatment For Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer, Relindis K. Fofung Jan 2016

Comparing African- And U.S.-Born Blacks At Stage Of Diagnosis And Treatment For Nonsmall Cell Lung Cancer, Relindis K. Fofung

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Lung cancer is a disease with a high mortality rate for the U.S. Black population. There had been considerable research done on different population demographics, necessary to achieve the Healthy People 2020 overarching goals to eliminate health disparities, gain health equity and maintain quality health. Yet, the African-born Black (AFBB) population has been understudied for nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). This study sought to determine whether within race differences in stage at diagnosis and treatment of NSCLC exists between AFBB and American-born Blacks (AMBB) populations in the United States. The study data is secondary data collected as part of the …

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Perceptions Of Cameroonian Women Regarding Cervical Cancer Prevention, Anna Nkapsah Nji Jan 2016

Perceptions Of Cameroonian Women Regarding Cervical Cancer Prevention, Anna Nkapsah Nji

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Women in Cameroon as well as those residing in the Maryland-Washington Metropolitan area and the Diasporas suffer a disproportionate rate of cervical cancer morbidity and mortality due to the vast disproportion in the distribution of healthcare services. The widespread human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination holds promise for helping to attenuate the disproportion in cervical cancer screening and prevention services. Literature from other countries including Cameroon suggests that barriers to the uptake of cervical cancer screening include: culture, religion, the psychological impact of embarrassment, the influence of husbands, cost, discomfort, and vulnerability. The purpose of this study was to gain an understanding …

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Adherence To Self-Care Management Of Sickle Cell Disease Among Caregivers, Muinah Adenike Fowora Jan 2016

Adherence To Self-Care Management Of Sickle Cell Disease Among Caregivers, Muinah Adenike Fowora

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The self-care management of sickle cell disease (SCD) improves mortality rate; however, compliance with SCD self-care management remains a problem. The purpose of this study was to examine the knowledge and factors that influence compliance with SCD self-care management recommendations among caregivers of children with SCD. The health belief model was used as the theoretical foundation of this study, theorizing that caregivers' perceived susceptibility, severity, and benefits of SCD self-care management will influence compliance. The study used a quantitative research design. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 100 caregivers of children with SCD attending sickle cell clinics in Lagos, Nigeria …

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Association Between Diabetes/Chronic Disease Incidence And Lifestyle Factors Among African-Born Populations, James Walakerwon Gbala Jan 2016

Association Between Diabetes/Chronic Disease Incidence And Lifestyle Factors Among African-Born Populations, James Walakerwon Gbala

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Numerous studies have revealed that immigrants' health and well-being is challenged by an increased susceptibility to diabetes/chronic disease as they settle in the United States. This study investigated a potential association between the incidence of diabetes/chronic disease and various lifestyles factors among Sub-Saharan African immigrants and refugees. The lifestyle factors studied were sociodemographics, food practices and dietary habits, access to healthcare and insurance, acculturation, and the length of stay in the United States among these immigrants and refugees residing in Minnesota. The health belief and the socioecological models guided this study to improve understanding of Sub-Saharan African's health behavior and …

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Relationship Between Stress And Young Adults' Complementary And Alternative Medicine Use, Anupama Kizhakkeveettil Jan 2016

Relationship Between Stress And Young Adults' Complementary And Alternative Medicine Use, Anupama Kizhakkeveettil

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) refers to a group of diverse medical and healthcare systems, practices, and products not treated as conventional medicine. The body of literature on stress and stress management among young adults has not addressed the use of CAM modalities for stress management among this population. The theoretical foundation of the study was based upon the transactional model of stress and coping, which describes stress as an interaction between an external stressor and the resources available to eliminate the stressor. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine whether variables such as exposure to CAM, stress …

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The Association Between Osteoporosis And Early Menopause Following Hysterectomy, Mia Meeyaong-Won Botkin Jan 2016

The Association Between Osteoporosis And Early Menopause Following Hysterectomy, Mia Meeyaong-Won Botkin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Osteoporosis is considered to be the most adverse public health disease associated with substantial mortality among postmenopausal women. Hysterectomy, surgically induced menopause, contributes to the early onset of menopause. However, there was no evidence of an association between early menopause following hysterectomy and osteoporosis among postmenopausal women. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the association between demographic and behavioral factors and the prevalence of osteoporosis among hysterectomized postmenopausal women. The integrated theory of health behavior change theoretical framework guided study. Cross-sectional secondary data from the 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used. Multiple logistic regression …

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Lived Experiences Of Women From The Odi Community In Nigeria Of Female Genital Mutilation, Doris Atibinye Dotimi Jan 2016

Lived Experiences Of Women From The Odi Community In Nigeria Of Female Genital Mutilation, Doris Atibinye Dotimi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Female genital mutilation (FGM) is a public health challenge because it jeopardizes the health of women and girls. FGM is condemned worldwide but, it is still practiced in the Odi community of Nigeria. The literature on women's lived experiences of FGM in other parts of the world was reviewed, but knowledge is lacking on the lived experiences of women from Odi community in Nigeria. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore their lived experiences, their perspectives on the current legislation for the prevention of FGM, and their perspectives on the cultural myths surrounding the practice. The phenomenological lens …

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Poverty, Food Insecurity, And Obesity Among Urban And Rural Populations, Tameka Ivory Walls Jan 2016

Poverty, Food Insecurity, And Obesity Among Urban And Rural Populations, Tameka Ivory Walls

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Over 17 million food-insecure households are associated with increasing obesity rates across the United States. Although food insecurity and obesity are distinct social concerns, the two are linked and may be influenced by poverty and geographic location. Public health authorities and state leaders responsible for the health and nutrition of rural populations in particular would benefit from this information. The purpose of this quantitative cross-sectional study was to examine whether poverty mediated the relationship between food insecurity and obesity among urban and rural adults. The study was guided by the poverty, food insecurity, and obesity conceptual framework. The study addressed …

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The Effect Of Federal Reporting Regulations On Hospital Investment In Community Building, Dorothy Magasis Escobar Jan 2016

The Effect Of Federal Reporting Regulations On Hospital Investment In Community Building, Dorothy Magasis Escobar

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The role of hospitals as partners in community health improvement is changing, especially for nonprofit hospitals receiving tax exemptions in exchange for providing benefits to the community. There are examples of reported health improvement activities funded through hospitals' charitable donations, but there's a gap in the literature on the effect of policy and legislation on hospitals' investments in community building activities that address the social determinants of health. Grounded in eco-social theory, this quantitative, correlational study compared secondary data from CA's nonprofit hospitals' annual 2009 and 2012 reports to determine what, if any, changes have occurred in the hospitals' investments …

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Sexual Health Education Policy: Influences On Implementation Of Sexual Health Education Programs, Renata Denise Ellington Jan 2016

Sexual Health Education Policy: Influences On Implementation Of Sexual Health Education Programs, Renata Denise Ellington

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

High school youth in Grades 9-12 who are in public schools without comprehensive sexual health education (CSHED) are more likely to engage in high-risk sexual behaviors and have higher rates of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases than are their peers in schools with CSHED. The purpose of this correlational study was to explore the statistical relationship between the consistent implementation of CSHED, before and after the enactment of the Chicago Public Schools' (CPS) sexual health education policy, and the sexual risk behaviors of Chicago high school youth in Grades 9-12. The study was based on Antonovsky's salutogenic model of health …

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Self-Efficacy And Self-Management Assessments On Hispanic Patients With Diabetes, Yesenia Dejesus Jan 2016

Self-Efficacy And Self-Management Assessments On Hispanic Patients With Diabetes, Yesenia Dejesus

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Hispanics are at increased risk for diabetes and are 40% more likely to die from the condition than are non-Hispanic Caucasians. The purpose of this project was to determine the effects of diabetes education conducted in Spanish by bilingual staff on the self-management and self-efficacy of a sample of 50 volunteer adult Hispanic clinic patients with diabetes. The education intervention incorporated the American Diabetes Association's Diabetes Self-Management Education program materials. Bandura's self-efficacy theory was selected as the theoretical support for the project that relied on self-management education of the patients to improve their self-efficacy to undertake the interventions necessary to …

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Gestational Age, Birth Weight, And Incidence Of Adult Type 2 Diabetes Among Southeast Alaska Natives, Renee Elaine Crawford Jan 2016

Gestational Age, Birth Weight, And Incidence Of Adult Type 2 Diabetes Among Southeast Alaska Natives, Renee Elaine Crawford

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

American Indian and Alaska Native adults are 2.6 times more likely to have adult onset diabetes resulting from higher weight at birth. Pregnant women, providers, and Indian Health Service administrators may benefit from timely information during pregnancy to intervene and prevent Type 2 diabetes. The purpose of this study was to examine the role of birth weight in the development of Type 2 diabetes among Southeast Alaska (SEA) Natives. Guided by the socioecological model, this study examined the extent to which birth weight and gestational age predict the incidence of Type 2 diabetes. The study used a quantitative research design …

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Correlates Of Influenza Vaccination Uptake Among Older Adults, Cheryl Hilliman Jan 2016

Correlates Of Influenza Vaccination Uptake Among Older Adults, Cheryl Hilliman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Seasonal influenza is associated with signiï¬?cant morbidity and mortality among older adults, aged 65 and older. Since vaccination is the single most effective preventive measure against seasonal influenza, clinicians and senior citizen center administrators need a better understanding of the perceptions of older adults concerning the reason for poor influenza vaccine uptake. The purpose of this study was to identify perceived factors that may be associated with poor influenza vaccination uptake among older adults. The health belief model (HBM) guided the study. The research questions examined perceptions predicting the odds of influenza vaccination uptake among older adults. This quantitative cross-sectional …

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Socioeconomic Status As A Predictor Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Hilaire Saint-Pierre Jan 2016

Socioeconomic Status As A Predictor Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Hilaire Saint-Pierre

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

While epidemiological research has generated new knowledge about the treatment and prevention of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) through smoking secession, the socioeconomic status (SES) of people with the disease has been under investigated. Thus, the purpose of this study was to determine the predictability of association between SES and COPD. This study was based on the ecological theory, which states that health and disease may have multiple underlying factors. This study was a secondary analysis of archived data from the Inter-University Consortium for Political and Social Research (ICPSR). The dataset was collected for the National Survey of Midlife Development …

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Type 2 Diabetes Prevention And Management In A Primary Care Clinic Setting, Ada Nwachuku Nwachuku Jan 2016

Type 2 Diabetes Prevention And Management In A Primary Care Clinic Setting, Ada Nwachuku Nwachuku

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Approximately 8.3% of the U. S. population has type 2 diabetes. Preventing the onset and improving the management type 2 diabetes are crucial for health care professionals. The purpose of this project was to develop and evaluate a type 2 diabetes prevention and management education program in a primary care setting using group medical appointments (GMAs). The chronic care model provided the framework for the study. The education program consisted of information from the Centers for Disease Control on the management of type 2 diabetes to be delivered by clinic staff using a GMA approach, a timeline for implementing the …

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Risk Factors For Hypertension Among African-Born Immigrants In The United States, John Ojih Jan 2016

Risk Factors For Hypertension Among African-Born Immigrants In The United States, John Ojih

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Essential hypertension (HTN) has been and continues to be a serious public health problem across the globe, particularly among Black races, with an estimated morbidity rate of over 1 billion people and an estimated mortality rate of 9.4 million people worldwide. Essential HTN can lead to a host of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease (CVD), stroke, myocardial infarction, brain damage, kidney failure, and retinopathy. The main purpose of this quantitative, descriptive, nonexperimental study was to investigate the association of physical inactivity, length of stay in the United States, immigrants' health status, and food security as risk indicators in the development …

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Transition To The Professional Role For Graduate Nurses In A Hospital Orientation Program, Shirley Denise Richardson Jan 2016

Transition To The Professional Role For Graduate Nurses In A Hospital Orientation Program, Shirley Denise Richardson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

This study focused on the transitioning of graduate nurses (GNs) employed by a teaching hospital in the eastern United States to the professional role of registered nurse after a 6-week orientation was the focus of this study. Benner's novice-to-expert theory served as the framework for this qualitative case study. Twelve participants were chosen from 3 specific populations: GNs, nursing preceptors, and nurse managers. Three research questions asked about the perceptions of newly licensed nurses after completion of the orientation process related to their ability to make critical decisions in the professional role of RN, how the preceptor educational training program …

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Health Care Provider Perceptions Of High Blood Pressure Screening For Asymptomatic African American Teens, Juanita Braxton Jan 2016

Health Care Provider Perceptions Of High Blood Pressure Screening For Asymptomatic African American Teens, Juanita Braxton

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Health care provider perceptions of typical practices play a significant role in evaluating the efficacy of screening and diagnosis of teen high blood pressure in African Americans. African American adults are more likely to develop high blood pressure than are any other ethnic group; however, there is a gap in the literature concerning high blood pressure in teens. Approximately 1 to 5 of every 100 children has high blood pressure. This purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the perspectives of health care providers on high blood pressure screening and diagnosis of African American asymptomatic teens. The health belief …

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The Relationship Between Health Risk And Workplace Productivity In Saudi Arabia, Sarah Lorraine Hayman Jan 2016

The Relationship Between Health Risk And Workplace Productivity In Saudi Arabia, Sarah Lorraine Hayman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Rising worldwide rates of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in the Middle East, principally Saudi Arabia, have put an increasing load on the health system and employers. Middle Eastern organizations have been slow to develop targeted health programs, which include an emphasis on employee productivity. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship, if any, between employee lifestyle and workplace productivity. Productivity is the amount of work produced based on the time and cost required to do so. The underlying theoretical foundations of this research were the socioecological health model and the human capital model. The quantitative, ex post facto …

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Environmental Factors Associated With Body Mass Index Among Long Haul Truck Drivers, Charlotte Hughes Huntley Jan 2016

Environmental Factors Associated With Body Mass Index Among Long Haul Truck Drivers, Charlotte Hughes Huntley

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

In 2009–2010, the prevalence of obesity among U.S. adults was 40%, and the prevalence was 69% among long haul truck drivers. Researchers have not established a clear relationship between working environment and weight among truck drivers. This quantitative cross-sectional study, using an ecological framework, evaluated the relationship between the working environment (sleep performance, food choices, driving environment, and activity level) and weight severity (e.g., body mass index [BMI]) among long haul truck drivers. One hundred and twenty six adults (46 + 10, years of age), including both genders (male = 97 and females = 29) completed an online questionnaire evaluating …

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Attitudes And Beliefs Towards Prostate Cancer Screenings And Diagnosis Among Zimbabwean Physicians, Adoniah Mavura Mukona Jan 2016

Attitudes And Beliefs Towards Prostate Cancer Screenings And Diagnosis Among Zimbabwean Physicians, Adoniah Mavura Mukona

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Zimbabwean men at risk of developing prostate cancer (PC) are diagnosed late or not at all. A cross sectional, quantitative study was done in Zimbabwe to establish physicians' attitudes and beliefs towards PC screening and diagnosis. Descriptive statistics were obtained to determine physicians' beliefs and attitudes using the Physician Attitudes and Beliefs Questionnaire Survey. The instrument incorporated validated instruments, the Burns' Cancer Belief Scale and Physician Survey on Prostate Cancer Screening, and demographic questions to measure specific independent variables, potentially influencing attitudes and beliefs. Means and standard deviations were conducted for continuous variables for beliefs and attitudes, and frequencies and …

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Risk Factors And Outcomes For Bloodstream Infections Among Patients With Skin Infections, Michael Rybak Rybak Jan 2016

Risk Factors And Outcomes For Bloodstream Infections Among Patients With Skin Infections, Michael Rybak Rybak

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI) are common infections within the local community, and they result in higher morbidity and health care costs. While risk factors for skin and soft tissue infections have been previously evaluated, risk factors associated with secondary bloodstream infections (BSI) has not been investigated, especially in an intercity patient population with limited health care resources. In this case control investigation, 392 patients consisting of 196 cases (ABSSSI + BSI) and 196 controls (ABSSSI) were investigated to determine risk for BSI. Both sociodemographic and underlying conditions were evaluated. According to bivariate analysis of cases and …

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Rural Obese African American Women And Depression, Food Culture, And Binge Eating, Tracee Tamiko Smith Jan 2016

Rural Obese African American Women And Depression, Food Culture, And Binge Eating, Tracee Tamiko Smith

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The rural African American population has a high incidence of severe psychosocial problems and a skewed perception of obesity, despite obesity's extremely high prevalence rate in this population. Despite the acknowledgements of these problems, there is a gap in literature relative to the effective treatments for obese African Americans diagnosed with depression. This study measured correlations between obesity and depression, binge eating, and food culture amongst African American women residing in Jefferson County, MS. The health belief model was used to guide an assessment of beliefs, perceptions, susceptibility, cues to action, and self-efficacy. A cross-sectional design was used based on …

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Risk Factors For Measles Among Hiv-Infected Children In Uganda, Miriam Nanyunja Jan 2016

Risk Factors For Measles Among Hiv-Infected Children In Uganda, Miriam Nanyunja

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Measles remains a major global public health problem. Attainment of high population immunity to measles through vaccination is necessary to control this disease. Children infected with HIV infection often experience secondary measles vaccine failure by 2 years of age, making them susceptible to measles. It is not clear whether HIV-infected children on Highly Active Antiretroviral Treatment (HAART), older than 2 years, have a higher risk of measles than HIV-uninfected children. This retrospective cohort study, guided by the proximate determinants framework, was conducted to compare the risk of measles between HIV-infected children on HAART (exposed) and HIV-uninfected peers (unexposed). The age …

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Socioecological Determinants Of Obesity Among Hispanic Parents/Child Caregivers In Aurora, Illinois, Deanna Marie Sommers Jan 2016

Socioecological Determinants Of Obesity Among Hispanic Parents/Child Caregivers In Aurora, Illinois, Deanna Marie Sommers

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity has increased during the past 30 years in the United States. Obese adults and children are at risk for cardiovascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, and comorbidities. Parents and child caregivers play key roles in the decisions of family health. Studies exploring sociodemographic and socioecological factors associated with obesity among U.S. Hispanic parents and child caregivers are lacking. Guided by the socioecological model, this study examined the following factors: gender; acculturation; dietary intake of fat, sugar, fruits, and vegetables; and role as food purchaser/food preparer that influenced obesity. A 3-paper-based survey, consisting of a demographic survey, the Block Fat-Sugar-Fruit-Vegetable Screener and …

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Donor Coordination And Health Aid Effectiveness In The Nigerian Health Sector, Ifeoma Edna Uduji Jan 2016

Donor Coordination And Health Aid Effectiveness In The Nigerian Health Sector, Ifeoma Edna Uduji

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Development partners and donors increasingly acknowledge the importance of coordinating their activities to achieve the outcome of the official development assistance to developing countries. Although stakeholders have recognized the importance of harmonizing donors and development partners' efforts in the Nigerian health sector, little research has addressed the influence of coordination on the health aid effectiveness. This qualitative case study determined the influence of coordination among the donors and development partners involved in the HIV/AIDS, malaria, and nutrition program on the outcome of these programs in Nigeria. Data were collected through interviews with 22 program officers participating in the health programs …

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