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Public Health Education and Promotion Commons™

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2016

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Articles 361 - 390 of 439

Full-Text Articles in Public Health Education and Promotion

Understanding Caregivers' Perceptions Of Childhood Immunization, Oliver Anyabolu Jan 2016

Understanding Caregivers' Perceptions Of Childhood Immunization, Oliver Anyabolu

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Low immunization in Nigeria is associated with high prevalence of childhood diseases. The purpose of this qualitative phenomenological study was to describe caregivers' perceptions of routine immunization of their children ages 24 to 36 months. Caregivers' attitudes, cultural beliefs, and knowledge regarding immunization were examined. The health belief model was used to guide study. Interviews were conducted with 5 caregivers of fully immunized and 5 caregivers of partially and nonimmunized children. Digital recordings were analyzed using NVivo 10 to identify themes and subthemes. Attitudes of caregivers with fully immunized children included both perceived barriers (distance to health center, lack of …

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Influences Of Peer Pressure And Relationship Knowledge On Sexual Behaviors Of Hispanic/Latino Youth, Richard Velez Jan 2016

Influences Of Peer Pressure And Relationship Knowledge On Sexual Behaviors Of Hispanic/Latino Youth, Richard Velez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Numerous studies have shown a rising HIV/AIDS epidemic among U.S. Hispanics/Latinos. Risky sexual behavior, alcohol, drug abuse, and sociodemographics contribute to Hispanics/Latinos' elevated risk for contracting HIV and other STDs. There is a need for additional research to understand the combination of factors associated with HIV and other STD infection among Hispanic/Latino youth. Based on social cognitive theory, this study examined the influences of peer pressure and relationship knowledge on risky sexual behavior among Hispanic/Latino young adults as measured by the Peer Pressure Inventory (PPI), the Teenage Research Unlimited Survey (TRU), and the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). A group …

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Fall Safety Bundle, Baili Denise Campbell Jan 2016

Fall Safety Bundle, Baili Denise Campbell

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) report thousands of falls in hospitals each year. The CMS does not reimburse hospitals for fall related injuries, costing the hospital system organization for which this DNP project was designed millions of dollars each year. Framed within the Iowa model of evidence-based practice and using a team approach, the purpose of this project was to develop an evidence-based (EB) fall safety bundle for use by nursing staff and a curriculum to educate staff on prevention strategies. The components of the EB fall bundle kit were approved by the stakeholder committee. Evaluation of …

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Exploring Obesity Risk Factors In Five Regions Of Virginia, Karen Toth Carpenter Jan 2016

Exploring Obesity Risk Factors In Five Regions Of Virginia, Karen Toth Carpenter

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Obesity continues to weaken our nation physiologically, psychologically and financially with an overall prevalence rate of 34.9% or 78.6 million Americans affected. Variance in obesity prevalence rates, in the state of Virginia, account for over a 15% difference from one health district to the next. The purpose of this research was to better explore the regional obesogenic factors that may exist among five health districts in the state of Virginia. The socio ecological theory provides the conceptual framework of the study to understand the variance in regional obesity rates, as a function of the contributing risk factors that a region …

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Perceptions Of Emergency Preparedness Among Immigrant Hispanics Living In Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Rebekah Doyle Jan 2016

Perceptions Of Emergency Preparedness Among Immigrant Hispanics Living In Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, Rebekah Doyle

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Tornadoes are occurring with increased frequency in Oklahoma. Emergency preparedness planning is essential to decreasing individuals' risks of injury or death from a tornado. Research on immigrant Hispanics' knowledge and perceptions of emergency preparedness is limited. The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions and lived experiences of immigrant Hispanics who had experienced a tornado or other crisis weather conditions in Oklahoma during spring of 2013. The research questions explored their perceived risk for injury and knowledge of tornado preparedness planning. The health belief model provided the theoretical underpinnings for this qualitative phenomenological study. Semi structured interviews were …

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Factors Related To Prescription Drug Abuse Among Young Adults In Florida, Mabel Gonzalez Gonzalez Jan 2016

Factors Related To Prescription Drug Abuse Among Young Adults In Florida, Mabel Gonzalez Gonzalez

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

A lack of available data exists regarding environmental factors related to prescription drug abuse (PDA), which could explain the ineffectiveness of efforts to reduce PDA in Florida. Prescription drug abuse among adults older than age 18 varies with the level of education achieved, and these metrics potentially reflect socioeconomic differences. The purpose of this quantitative study was to examine the connections between contextual aspects of prescription opioid abuse among Florida's middle and high school students to understand youth PDA in relation to their environments. This study consisted of a secondary analysis of existing PDA data (dependent variable) in relation to …

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Hiv Knowledge, Intoxication, Risky Behaviors, And Sexual Communication Among Nigeria University Students, Johnpaul Chukwuemeka Ezeonyido Jan 2016

Hiv Knowledge, Intoxication, Risky Behaviors, And Sexual Communication Among Nigeria University Students, Johnpaul Chukwuemeka Ezeonyido

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Poor sexual communication among Nigerian youth can create problems for health workers, medical practitioners, and the government in determining what is and is not working in their attempts to reduce sexually-related diseases. This quantitative study used self-administered questionnaires among 107 Nigerian university students, aged 18 to 35, to determine if a statistically significant predictive relationship existed between: (a) beliefs about alcohol, (b) HIV knowledge, (c) risk behaviors, (d) age, (e) religion, (f) gender, (g) sexual activity status, (h) dating status, (i) language, (j) sexual orientation, and (k) tribes of Nigerian university students and their sexual communication with partners. Previous studies …

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Association Between Biopsychosocial Factors And Physical Activity Among U.S. Stroke Survivors, Claire Johnson Jan 2016

Association Between Biopsychosocial Factors And Physical Activity Among U.S. Stroke Survivors, Claire Johnson

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Stroke causes substantial morbidity and mortality, and physical activity can reduce the risk of stroke occurrence. The purpose of this study was to test the association between biopsychosocial factors and levels of physical activity and to develop a model to predict inactivity for US stroke survivors. A quantitative, cross-sectional analysis was performed of the 2013 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), which is a representative sample of US households. Association for 1,077 stroke survivors was tested with chi-square between physical activity and independent variables: biological factors (age, sex, race, body mass index, musculoskeletal conditions, and cardiovascular diseases), psychological factors (mental distress, …

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Perceptions Of Stroke Risks Among West African Male Immigrants In San Diego, Lawrence Agi Jan 2016

Perceptions Of Stroke Risks Among West African Male Immigrants In San Diego, Lawrence Agi

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

The incidence and knowledge of the risk factors of stroke across ethnic groups in the United States have been examined in multiple studies. However, it is not well known if the foreign-born African immigrants who constitute about 4% of the U.S. immigrant population are at a higher risk of the incidence of stroke than are other nonimmigrant population in the U. S. This ethnographic study explored the perceptions of Anglophone African male immigrants residing in San Diego on the risk factors of stroke. The theoretical framework for this study included the health belief model and the health promotion model. Data …

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Barriers To Breast Cancer Prevention And Screening Among African American Women, Abosede Francisca Obikunle Jan 2016

Barriers To Breast Cancer Prevention And Screening Among African American Women, Abosede Francisca Obikunle

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Breast cancer is a serious illness that often has fatal consequences. Adherence to the recommendations for breast cancer surveillance is poorly practiced among African American women. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to seek individual professed barriers to breast cancer screening among African American women to better understand why breast cancer continues to be one of the principal basis of mortality among African American women. The theoretical framework for this study was the behavioral model of health services use. Purposeful selection was used to invite 14 African American women to participate in the in-depth interview process. Interview data were …

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Human Trafficking: The Health Of Men Forced Into Labor Trafficking In The United States, Christina Omole Jan 2016

Human Trafficking: The Health Of Men Forced Into Labor Trafficking In The United States, Christina Omole

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Human trafficking is a criminal act that occurs globally. It affects both women and men, but most studies have focused on female victims; few have explored trafficked men or their related health issues. Though there are many forms of trafficking, it is believed that most male victims are trafficked as forced labor. Using gender schema theory as a framework, this quantitative study examined archival data to identify the types of trafficking men are subjected to, their health ailments, and how these differ from the health ailments of trafficked women. Archival data from 124 individuals subjected to human trafficking in Florida …

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Complexity Of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis In African American Men In The United States, Adam B. Sumlin Jan 2016

Complexity Of Prostate Cancer Diagnosis In African American Men In The United States, Adam B. Sumlin

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Researchers have identified higher incidence rates and mortality rates among African American men (AAM) diagnosed with prostate cancer than they have among urban African American men. This quantitative descriptive study was conducted to measure the association between advanced stage and grade of prostate cancer, demographic location, and prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels over a 5-year period in AAM and European American men (EAM) in rural versus urban communities. This study addressed 4 research questions concerning cancer grade, cancer stage, age, geographic location, PSA level, and the impact that each of these variables had on prostate cancer diagnosis in AAM in …

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The Role Of Socio-Demographics Factors In Voluntary Counselling And Testing Uptake In South-Africa., Felix Ikechi Woke Jan 2016

The Role Of Socio-Demographics Factors In Voluntary Counselling And Testing Uptake In South-Africa., Felix Ikechi Woke

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many researchers have alluded to the inequity in distribution of HIV preventive services in South Africa (SA). Other researchers have demonstrated that socio-demographic factors are main determinants of distribution of preventive services like voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) in SA. VCT is a primary HIV prevention tool through which infected persons enter the treatment, care, and support programs; identifying the impact of socio-demographic determinants (SDDs) on VCT uptake in SA could help direct VCT services to areas and individuals that need them most. The research question in this study examined what and how SDDs impact the uptake of VCT in …

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Healthy Weight Maintenance: Narrative Analysis Of Weight Cycling In The Formerly Obese, Cheri Renee Lewis Jan 2016

Healthy Weight Maintenance: Narrative Analysis Of Weight Cycling In The Formerly Obese, Cheri Renee Lewis

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Medical and economic costs for obesity are estimated at $147 billion per year, yet less than 1/3 of overweight individuals successfully maintain weight loss. The literature is replete with descriptions of the problem and research on treatments, yet demonstrations of effective loss and maintenance are lacking. Missing is an understanding of the experiences of individuals who successfully maintained healthy weight loss, which could provide insights regarding effective psycho-social interventions. The purpose of this qualitative narrative study was to explore key events and experiences in the lives of former weight cyclers. The primary phenomena of interest included weight cycling and sustained …

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An Exploration Of A State Mandated Health Education Program, Patricia Lyons Jan 2016

An Exploration Of A State Mandated Health Education Program, Patricia Lyons

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Shaken baby syndrome (SBS) is one of the most violent forms of physical child abuse. In 2007, the State of Ohio enacted a health education mandate known as Claire's law. Claire's law requires all birthing hospitals to provide SBS education to mothers prior to their discharge. This law is the result of public demand and advocacy initiatives; however, it was not clear how the mandate was developed or whether or not the mandate and subsequent educational programs have had an impact on efforts to prevent SBS. The purpose of this qualitative case study was to explore the state of Ohio's …

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An Ecological Approach To African American Adolescent Food Choices In Low Income Neighborhoods, Clarence E. Mcmillan Jan 2016

An Ecological Approach To African American Adolescent Food Choices In Low Income Neighborhoods, Clarence E. Mcmillan

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Childhood obesity remains prevalent among African American (AA) adolescents in low income neighborhoods with limited access to a variety of foods from stores. Guided by the ecological framework, the purpose of this study was to examine the impact of neighborhood stores on food choices, and physical activity among AA adolescents in a low income neighborhood. A quantitative research design with cross sectional primary and secondary surveys was used. Participants included 176 high school students and 42 store merchants. Data sources were the 2011 New Jersey Student Health Survey with core questions from the Youth Risk Behavior Survey and the Hmong …

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Life Events, Initial Sexual Behaviors, And Teenage Pregnancy Among African American Females, Yonzetta Brook Tillman Jan 2016

Life Events, Initial Sexual Behaviors, And Teenage Pregnancy Among African American Females, Yonzetta Brook Tillman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Teenage pregnancy is disproportionate between African American and Caucasian females. This disproportion is notable because African American teenagers are 3 times more likely to become pregnant than their Caucasian counterparts are. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a relationship exists among major life events, sexual behaviors, and resultant teenage pregnancy among African American females in the United States. The theoretical framework for this study was social learning theory. Three key research questions focused on relationships among (a) major life events and initial sexual behavior, (b) ethnicity, and (c) teenage pregnancy. Independent variables were life event and ethnicity, …

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Health System Predictors Of Antenatal Care Compliance Among Rural Congolese Women, Ngashi Ngongo Jan 2016

Health System Predictors Of Antenatal Care Compliance Among Rural Congolese Women, Ngashi Ngongo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Fewer rural Congolese women complete 4 antenatal care (ANC) visits than do urban women, despite high maternal and child mortality rates. This quantitative cross-sectional survey applied Andersen's behavioral model of service utilization to examine whether the ANC facility type, provider type, provider gender, time to ANC facility, cost, and number of services can predict ANC compliance among rural women. The study was a secondary analysis of the 2015 Maternal and Child Health (MCH) survey, which comprised 1,280 eligible women selected through stratified random sampling. The analysis included bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions. The findings showed that women seen in private …

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Asthma Determinants, Health Care Utilization, And Control Among Women In Puerto Rico, Maria Calixta Ortiz-Rivera Jan 2016

Asthma Determinants, Health Care Utilization, And Control Among Women In Puerto Rico, Maria Calixta Ortiz-Rivera

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Active asthma and asthma-related health care utilization are higher among adult females than they are among adult males in Puerto Rico. The purpose of this study was to examine the determinants of the risk of active asthma and associated health care utilization and asthma control among women in Puerto Rico. Guided by the Andersen behavioral model, the study included data from the Asthma Call-Back Survey (ACBS) during 2011 and 2012 in Puerto Rico. The associations between active asthma and behavioral, demographic, and environmental factors were assessed using logistic regression. The relationship between asthma-related health care utilization and predisposing, enabling, and …

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Acculturation, Inflammation, And Depression Among Hispanic Adults In The United States, Kristin Marie Marano Jan 2016

Acculturation, Inflammation, And Depression Among Hispanic Adults In The United States, Kristin Marie Marano

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Disparities exist in the recognition and treatment of depression among Hispanics in the United States, creating a social, ethical, economic, and public health burden. This study was designed to generate an improved understanding of the causes of and/or contributors to depression within this population. It was specifically designed to 1) assess the prevalence and severity of depression among Hispanic adults in the United States relative to adults of other race/ethnicities in the United States; 2) clarify the inconsistent results in the literature concerning the relationship between acculturation and depression among Hispanic adults in the United States; and 3) fill a …

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Diagnosing Fibromyalgia: Using A Diagnostic Screening Tool In Primary Care, Lilo Fink Jan 2016

Diagnosing Fibromyalgia: Using A Diagnostic Screening Tool In Primary Care, Lilo Fink

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Fibromyalgia (FMS) goes undiagnosed in as many as 3 out of 4 people who have the disease. Primary care providers (PCPs) are the first to evaluate patients; therefore, PCPs need to be able to recognize FMS, implement initial treatment, and refer for further consultation. The Fibromyalgia Diagnostic Screening Tool (FDST), a validated instrument to identify FMS, can improve the speed and accuracy of FMS diagnosis. The purpose of this project was to familiarize PCPS with the FDST, evaluate their receptiveness to the tool, and train them in its use. The Leventhal, Diefenbach, and Levanthal, common sense model of illness provided …

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Socioeconomic Responsibility And Its Effect On Hypertension Among West African Immigrants In The United States, Chryss Arekhandia Okonofua Jan 2016

Socioeconomic Responsibility And Its Effect On Hypertension Among West African Immigrants In The United States, Chryss Arekhandia Okonofua

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Native-born African Americans (NBAA) bear a disproportionate burden of the effect of hypertension (HTN) in comparison to other racial groups in the United States. West African immigrants (Foreign-born African Americans) appear to carry a heavier burden than the NBAA in the United States. Using the social support theory as a guide, this study examined the association between the need to meet socioeconomic responsibility of financial and familial obligations (SERFFO) and perceived stress and the increased likelihood of HTN among West African immigrants, aged 25-54 years, in the United States. In this quantitative, cross-sectional design, self-reported data were collected from a …

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What Are The Perspectives Of Osteoporosis Screening Among Black Women?, Angela Alsberry Wilkins Jan 2016

What Are The Perspectives Of Osteoporosis Screening Among Black Women?, Angela Alsberry Wilkins

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Osteoporosis is a serious disease which often brings pain, disability, hospitalization, and even death. An increasing number of studies have been conducted on the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in White women, yet a paucity of research exists to explain disparities in screening and treatment of osteoporosis in Black women. This narrative study describes the perspectives of Black women regarding individual barriers to osteoporosis screening. The purpose of this study was to better understand the perspectives of Black women regarding prevention of and screening for osteoporosis. Selections included purposive, criterion sampling of 10 Black women who were 50 years and …

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Impact Of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Thirteen Valent On The Reduction Of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, Aissata Coulibaly Jan 2016

Impact Of Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Thirteen Valent On The Reduction Of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease, Aissata Coulibaly

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Many children under the age of 5 die each year of invasive pneumococcal disease. Childhood vaccination against this disease reduces morbidity and mortality. Despite the introduction of a pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in a central African country in 2011, all provinces have not yet been vaccinated. The purpose of this quantitative quasi-experimental study was to determine whether there was an association between the introduction of PCV13 and new cases of pneumococcal disease in 2 provinces in central Africa. The sample size for the study was 380. The theoretical framework for this study was the epidemic model supported by the concept …

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Experiences Of Black Msm At An Hbcu Regarding Stigma And Hiv Risk Behavior, Natasha Harden Jeter Jan 2016

Experiences Of Black Msm At An Hbcu Regarding Stigma And Hiv Risk Behavior, Natasha Harden Jeter

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Black men who have sex with men (MSM) on Historically Black College/University (HBCU) campuses face a unique set of challenges. In addition to being disproportionately affected by HIV, Black MSM are impacted by risk behavior, stigma, and environmental policies and practices that adversely influence their experiences. The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of Black MSM at a HBCU and how stigma, culture, social practices and the collegiate environment impact HIV risk-taking behavior. Utilizing the ecological framework and qualitative analysis, the behaviors of 13 Black MSM on a HBCU campus were examined. Personal interviews and risk assessment …

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Predictors Of Excessive Alcohol Consumption Among U.S. Business Travelers, Jennifer Clore Barrickman Jan 2016

Predictors Of Excessive Alcohol Consumption Among U.S. Business Travelers, Jennifer Clore Barrickman

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Excessive alcohol consumption (EAC) is an important public health problem. Several researchers have examined work-related influences on EAC, but few have investigated the predictors of EAC related to business travel. This study measured the association between EAC and frequency of business travel, duration of business travel, and job industry among U.S. business travelers. Research was conducted within the social-ecological theoretical framework. Snowball sampling was used to gather data from 187 business travelers. Data were evaluated using bivariate analysis to assess the association between measures of EAC and each independent variable. Multiple logistic regression was used to adjust for covariates. Respondents …

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Teen Dating Violence: Co-Occurrence With Bullying Among African American Teens In South Florida, Rosemarie Hemmings Jan 2016

Teen Dating Violence: Co-Occurrence With Bullying Among African American Teens In South Florida, Rosemarie Hemmings

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Teen dating violence and bullying are major public health concerns but are preventable. Both dating violence and bullying occur within similar social context and the prevalence of teen dating violence was highest for African American teens as reported on the 2011 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Social learning theory provides a foundation for understanding and changing behavior related to dating violence victimization and bully victimization. The research questions focused on relationships between bully and teen dating violence victimization when controlling for race/ethnicity, gender, substance abuse, age, and age of first sexual intercourse. Additionally, the potential mediating variable of spending time …

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Prescribing Hiv Prep And The Need For Education Among Care Providers, Martin Kokou Logo Jan 2016

Prescribing Hiv Prep And The Need For Education Among Care Providers, Martin Kokou Logo

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an innovative biomedical approach that has been used over the past 6 years to avert the spread of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Under-prescribing of PrEP could increase the probability of HIV exposure among serodiscordant couples/partners and those who do not practice safe sex. Previous PrEP research has not assessed the association between awareness of PrEP, years of experience of providers, provider types, and the frequency of PrEP prescription among physicians. Precaution adoption model framed this study, which aimed to evaluate the bond between the independent variables relating to awareness of PrEP, years of experience, and provider …

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Disparities In Arkansas Mandated Immunization Coverage Among Natural Home And Foster-Care Adolescents, Jerome Essono Ngundue Jan 2016

Disparities In Arkansas Mandated Immunization Coverage Among Natural Home And Foster-Care Adolescents, Jerome Essono Ngundue

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Anecdotal evidence indicated vaccine coverage disparities among foster-care (FCA) and natural-home adolescents (NHA). Arkansas laws require 5 vaccines for school entry (FVSE) to prevent 9 common childhood diseases. The study problem was that Pulaski County, Arkansas adolescent birth cohort (PCABC) immunization rates were low compared to U.S. adolescents for these FVSE. This study examined the extent to which (1) PCABC immunization rates were significantly different from those estimated for U.S. adolescents in 2006–2008, (2) NHA and FCA immunization rates were different in 2003– 2008; (3) sociodemographic variables mediate associations between home of residence (HOR), NHA or FCA, and up to …

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Impact Of Medicare And Medicaid Beneficiaries With Selected Conditions On Emergency Department Utilization, John K. Amoh Jan 2016

Impact Of Medicare And Medicaid Beneficiaries With Selected Conditions On Emergency Department Utilization, John K. Amoh

Walden Dissertations and Doctoral Studies

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) are conditions that represent significant and ongoing medical costs, including frequent emergency department (ED) visits, hospitalizations, work absences, and disability. This retrospective cross-sectional study, examined the effects of the frequent ED visits due to COPD and CHF on the beneficiaries of Medicare and Medicaid in Maryland. The goal was to identify the factors that led these patients to visit the ED, the impact of these visits on Medicare utilization and costs across Maryland, and preventative intervention strategies to control this population's costs of care. Secondary data were analyzed from 2010-2012 …

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