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Articles 31 - 52 of 52
Full-Text Articles in International Public Health
Strengthening Capacity To Prevent Hiv Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women: Supporting Dreams Programming, Project Soar
Strengthening Capacity To Prevent Hiv Among Adolescent Girls And Young Women: Supporting Dreams Programming, Project Soar
HIV and AIDS
The Population Council, with funding from Girl Effect, worked in seven Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored, and Safe (DREAMS) Partnership countries to strengthen the capacity of implementing partners to develop new approaches to reach AGYWs at highest risk of HIV infection, link them with essential resources, and empower them with social and protective assets for a safe and healthy entry into adulthood. This technical assistance was informed by the Population Council’s decades of research and experience determining “what works”—and what doesn’t work—in girl-centered programming. Through Project SOAR, the Population Council provided technical assistance to implementing partners in five additional countries …
Accelerating Action To End Child Marriage In Bangladesh—Project Brief, Population Council
Accelerating Action To End Child Marriage In Bangladesh—Project Brief, Population Council
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Bangladesh ranks among the five countries with the highest rate of child marriage in the world. Community norms and values are among the underlying factors that support the practice of child marriage in Bangladesh. The Population Council is partnering with the Ministry of Women and Children Affairs to delay marriage as part of the UNFPA-UNICEF Global Program to Accelerate Action to End Child Marriage. This program is being implemented to generate evidence on reduction of child marriage through an adolescent skills-building program. The project works to empower girls with life-skills and livelihood and gender-awareness trainings, as well as engaging communities …
Population Council's Support For Nigeria's Third National Human Resources For Health Conference And Efforts To Institutionalize Hrh Conferences In Nigeria, Ekechi Okereke, Godwin Unumeri, Ibrahim Suleiman, Aisha Jibril
Population Council's Support For Nigeria's Third National Human Resources For Health Conference And Efforts To Institutionalize Hrh Conferences In Nigeria, Ekechi Okereke, Godwin Unumeri, Ibrahim Suleiman, Aisha Jibril
Reproductive Health
This project brief describes the Population Council's partnership efforts with public health stakeholders in Nigeria to plan and host a third national conference for provision of necessary and relevant information on critical health issues to health staff and stakeholders throughout Nigeria.
The Global Compact On Refugees: How The Sauti/Voice Project Fits, Josephine Ngebeh, Chi-Chi Undie, Joanina Karugaba
The Global Compact On Refugees: How The Sauti/Voice Project Fits, Josephine Ngebeh, Chi-Chi Undie, Joanina Karugaba
Reproductive Health
How can stakeholders support refugees in the present-day unprecedented global refugee crisis? At least one way is by entering into a clearly defined compact to do so. Developed in 2018, the Global Compact on Refugees is a nonbinding agreement among United Nations Member States and other relevant stakeholders, including international organizations. A symbol of political will, the Compact demonstrates the commitment of the international community to enhanced cooperation and solidarity with both refugees and their host communities. The Global Compact on Refugees provides the international community with guidance for supporting present-day refugee communities, characterized by large populations and protracted refugee …
Practice-Based Learning: Integrating Sgbv Screening Into Health Facilities In Refugee Contexts, Chi-Chi Undie, Josephine Ngebeh, Joanina Karugaba, Harriet Birungi, Michael Mbizvo
Practice-Based Learning: Integrating Sgbv Screening Into Health Facilities In Refugee Contexts, Chi-Chi Undie, Josephine Ngebeh, Joanina Karugaba, Harriet Birungi, Michael Mbizvo
Reproductive Health
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) “screening” refers to the standardized assessment of clients for SGBV incidents, regardless of reasons for presenting at a health facility. This practice has been shown to be feasible and effective in various countries and contexts in the East and Southern African region, resulting in proactive identification of female survivors, and their successful referrals for comprehensive SGBV care. In the last decade, health facilities in the region have been increasingly eager to incorporate such screening within the normal protocols of their health-care providers. In collaboration with the Population Council-led Africa Regional SGBV Network, the UNHCR East, …
Climate, Population, And Vulnerability In Pakistan: Exploring Evidence Of Linkages For Adaptation, G.M. Arif, Muhammad Riaz, Nadeem Faisal, Mohammad Jamal Khan Khattak, Zeba Sathar, Muhammad Khalil, Maqsood Sadiq, Sabahat Hussain, Kiren Khan
Climate, Population, And Vulnerability In Pakistan: Exploring Evidence Of Linkages For Adaptation, G.M. Arif, Muhammad Riaz, Nadeem Faisal, Mohammad Jamal Khan Khattak, Zeba Sathar, Muhammad Khalil, Maqsood Sadiq, Sabahat Hussain, Kiren Khan
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
The global discussion of climate change and its impacts and causes has changed completely in the past quarter century. Scientific opinion now accepts that rapid warming is occurring and that greenhouse gases (GHG) emitted as a result of human activities are largely to blame. The consequences of taking no action will be catastrophic. Unfortunately, the burden of impact will fall disproportionately on the poor and most vulnerable people who rely heavily on agriculture in countries where average temperatures are already high. Climate change is particularly harmful because it increasingly threatens food security in these countries. Pakistan is one of the …
Um Só Currículo: Actividades Para Uma Educação Integrada Em Sexualidade, Género, Hiv E Direitos Humanos, International Sexuality And Hiv Curriculum Working Group, Nicole Haberland, Deborah Rogow
Um Só Currículo: Actividades Para Uma Educação Integrada Em Sexualidade, Género, Hiv E Direitos Humanos, International Sexuality And Hiv Curriculum Working Group, Nicole Haberland, Deborah Rogow
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Education on sexuality and HIV can help adolescents develop the capacity for healthy, respectful relationships and protect themselves from unwanted and unsafe sex, unintended pregnancy, and sexually transmitted infections. A 2015 Population Council study found that sexuality and HIV education programs that address gender and power in intimate relationships are five times more likely to be effective than programs that do not. However, most curricula still do not address these issues. It’s All One Curriculum provides a rationale, content, and sample activities for placing gender and rights at the center of sexuality and HIV curricula—both as stand-alone modules and integrated …
An Assessment Of Human Resources For Health Hiring, Deployment And Retention, Procedures And Practices In Cross River And Bauchi States, Nigeria, Osasuyi Dirisu, Akinwumi Akinola, Ekechi Okereke, Godwin Unumeri, Ibrahim Suleiman, Aisha Jibril, George I. Eluwa
An Assessment Of Human Resources For Health Hiring, Deployment And Retention, Procedures And Practices In Cross River And Bauchi States, Nigeria, Osasuyi Dirisu, Akinwumi Akinola, Ekechi Okereke, Godwin Unumeri, Ibrahim Suleiman, Aisha Jibril, George I. Eluwa
Reproductive Health
Primary health care (PHC) is the first contact in a healthcare system and, at its core, includes access to basic interventions that address health needs at the community level. These basic interventions are provided by key frontline health workers—nurses, midwives, and community health extension workers—critical for facilitating immediate access to maternal, newborn, and child health services at PHC facilities. Despite the critical roles of these healthworker cadres, their distribution is uneven and skewed—geographic and within levels of care and governments, in addition to poor distribution of skills—compounded by high attrition due to poor human resources for health (HRH) management and …
Assessment Of In-Service Training And Continuing Education (Ist/Ce) For Frontline Health Workers In Bauchi And Cross River States, Nigeria, Ekechi Okereke, Iliyasu Zubairu, Udoh Nsekpong, Godwin Unumeri, Ibrahim Suleiman, Aisha Jibril
Assessment Of In-Service Training And Continuing Education (Ist/Ce) For Frontline Health Workers In Bauchi And Cross River States, Nigeria, Ekechi Okereke, Iliyasu Zubairu, Udoh Nsekpong, Godwin Unumeri, Ibrahim Suleiman, Aisha Jibril
Reproductive Health
Training contributes tremendously to the development and sustenance of health workers’ competencies for quality healthcare services. Although Nigeria has a higher stock of human resources for health compared to other African countries, the World Health Organization argues that its distribution is highly skewed toward urban areas. Building and maintaining staff capacities requires continuing professional development through in-service training (IST) and continuing education (CE). This study assesses current IST and CE for health workers in Bauchi and Cross River states to provide evidence to inform policy and planning and improve implementation of capacity-building for health workers in Nigeria.
Using Demographic And Health Surveys In The Campaign To End Fgm/C: A Kenyan Example, Dennis Matanda, Caroline W. Kabiru
Using Demographic And Health Surveys In The Campaign To End Fgm/C: A Kenyan Example, Dennis Matanda, Caroline W. Kabiru
Reproductive Health
In order to design effective interventions to end female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), we need to map where FGM/C is practiced and what factors influence it. Data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS), nationally representative surveys conducted in low- and middle-income countries every five years, give us the opportunity to explore how FGM/C is influenced by both individual and community-level factors. Where FGM/C prevalence is not uniform, various research and analysis techniques can be used to improve estimates and draw further information from DHS data. This brief shares insights from two studies carried out in Kenya using DHS data collected …
Autonomy, Intimate Partner Violence, And Maternal Health-Seeking Behavior: Findings From Mixed-Methods Analysis In Ethiopia, Charlotte E. Warren, Pooja Sripad, Charity Ndwiga
Autonomy, Intimate Partner Violence, And Maternal Health-Seeking Behavior: Findings From Mixed-Methods Analysis In Ethiopia, Charlotte E. Warren, Pooja Sripad, Charity Ndwiga
Reproductive Health
Gendered norms and discriminatory practices often limit women’s decision-making power, which over time can lead to social norms that systematically disadvantage women. Aspects of empowerment were explored in a global evaluation of Demographic and Health Survey data that measured how gendered social norms influenced maternal health-seeking behaviors. Analysis specifically explored associations of women’s autonomy and acceptability of intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW) on antenatal care (ANC) use and facility delivery in 63 low- and middle-income countries. Service utilization is positively associated with increased autonomy and negatively associated with increased acceptability of IPVAW, but variability exists across countries and regions. …
Engaging Community Women’S Groups To Improve Maternal Health Care Delivery In Cross River: Implementation Research Report, Pooja Sripad, Emmanuel Nwala, Tracy Mcclair, Salisu Mohammed Ishaku, Charlotte E. Warren
Engaging Community Women’S Groups To Improve Maternal Health Care Delivery In Cross River: Implementation Research Report, Pooja Sripad, Emmanuel Nwala, Tracy Mcclair, Salisu Mohammed Ishaku, Charlotte E. Warren
Reproductive Health
Ending Eclampsia’s main objective is to improve access to underutilized interventions and commodities by training community health extension workers in preventing, detecting (screening), and managing pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. While the broader project emphasizes primary health care interventions, this implementation research (IR) study focused on a community intervention in one state, in areas where the facility interventions were active. This final research report describes IR testing the feasibility and utility of employing women’s groups as community platforms to increase women’s access to quality antenatal service utilization, using pre-eclampsia screening as the entry point. The study was conducted in 48 communities in …
Implementing Components Of The Phc For Pe/E Model In Nigeria: A Cost Analysis, Pooja Sripad, Sara Chace Dwyer, Gloria Adoyi
Implementing Components Of The Phc For Pe/E Model In Nigeria: A Cost Analysis, Pooja Sripad, Sara Chace Dwyer, Gloria Adoyi
Reproductive Health
Between 2016 and 2018, the Population Council, in partnership with the Nigerian Federal and State Ministries of Health, implemented an intervention to confront pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (PE/E) in three states—Cross River, Ebonyi, and Kogi. This was part of the Ending Eclampsia project, a five-year USAID investment that implemented aspects of the Primary Health Care (PHC) PE/E Model in Bangladesh, Nigeria, and Pakistan. The intervention in Nigeria was comprised of five components of the PHC for PE/E Model: 1) Task sharing to detect and manage PE/E (MgSO4 and referral) with PHC providers; 2) Introducing antihypertensive drug provision at the PHC level; 3) Engaging …
Expanding Services To Detect, Manage, And Prevent Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia In Tando Allahyar District Of Sindh Province, Pakistan, Ali M. Mir, Irfan Masood, Mumraiz Khan, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Tracy Mcclair, Pooja Sripad, Charlotte E. Warren
Expanding Services To Detect, Manage, And Prevent Pre-Eclampsia And Eclampsia In Tando Allahyar District Of Sindh Province, Pakistan, Ali M. Mir, Irfan Masood, Mumraiz Khan, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Tracy Mcclair, Pooja Sripad, Charlotte E. Warren
Reproductive Health
This endline report documents a USAID-supported implementation research project carried out by the Population Council in one district in Sindh province, as part of the global—Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, Pakistan—Ending Eclampsia initiative. This project assessed community midwives’ (CMWs) abilities to screen and detect pre-eclampsia/severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (PE/SPE/E) in pregnant and postnatal women and provide a loading dose of magnesium sulfate (MgSO4) to clients suffering from SPE/E and referrals to facilities for further management. This study also explored opportunities to enhance collaboration between CMWs and lady health workers (LHWs), encouraging LHWs to refer pregnant women for group antenatal care (ANC) and postnatal …
Assessing Quality Of Care And Outcomes For Women And Their Infants In Nigeria After Pregnancies Complicated By Hypertensive Disorders, Salisu Mohammed Ishaku, Gloria Adoyi, Innocent Agbo, Karen Kirk, Pooja Sripad, Charlotte E. Warren
Assessing Quality Of Care And Outcomes For Women And Their Infants In Nigeria After Pregnancies Complicated By Hypertensive Disorders, Salisu Mohammed Ishaku, Gloria Adoyi, Innocent Agbo, Karen Kirk, Pooja Sripad, Charlotte E. Warren
Reproductive Health
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDPs) are the leading cause of maternal mortality in Nigeria—now killing more women than postpartum hemorrhage. Various factors, including lack of capacity among lower-level health-care providers to detect, manage, and refer complications, have been indicated as reasons for most of these deaths. A landscape analysis of pre-eclampsia/eclampsia (PE/E) in Nigeria identified a lack of further information after delivery about the women who experienced HDPs. In this study, the Ending Eclampsia project recruited women with HDPs around the time of childbirth, and prospectively followed them for up to one year postpartum. The study evaluated the care these …
Assessing The Feasibility Of Primary Health Care Provider Prescription Of Anti-Hypertensive Medication To Pregnant Women In Bangladesh, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Kanij Sultana, Shongkour Roy, Pooja Sripad, Charlotte E. Warren
Assessing The Feasibility Of Primary Health Care Provider Prescription Of Anti-Hypertensive Medication To Pregnant Women In Bangladesh, Sharif M.I. Hossain, Kanij Sultana, Shongkour Roy, Pooja Sripad, Charlotte E. Warren
Reproductive Health
Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDPs)—which are major contributors of maternal and newborn mortality, morbidity, and disability—are preventable. About 24 percent of maternal deaths in Bangladesh each year are due to pre-eclampsia and eclampsia (PE/E). A known cause of death in women with PE/E is cerebrovascular accident, which occurs due to rapidly increasing blood pressure (BP). Elevated BP associated with pregnancy should be detected and appropriately managed before onset of convulsions (eclampsia) and other life-threatening complications. For women presenting with severe PE/E, magnesium sulphate (MgSO4) is the recommended drug for convulsion management. Anti-hypertensive medicines are also recommended for control of high …
Implementing Components Of The Phc For Pe/E Model In Pakistan: A Cost Analysis, Ali M. Mir, Mumraiz Khan, Pooja Sripad, Sara Chace Dwyer
Implementing Components Of The Phc For Pe/E Model In Pakistan: A Cost Analysis, Ali M. Mir, Mumraiz Khan, Pooja Sripad, Sara Chace Dwyer
Reproductive Health
Pre-eclampsia/Eclampsia (PE/E) is the third leading cause of maternal mortality in Pakistan. Women with PE are at increased risk for organ damage or failure, pre-term birth, loss of pregnancy, and stroke. PE can progress to eclampsia, which is characterized by seizures, and may be associated with kidney and liver damage, as well as maternal death. The risks of PE/E can be mitigated with regular screening during antenatal care and the postnatal period. Regular monitoring of PE can lessen progression to severe PE/E, and severe PE/E can be managed through administration of magnesium sulfate and antihypertensive drugs. Between 2016 and 2018, …
Mise En Œuvre Des Composantes Du Modèle Ssp Pour La Pe / E Au Nigéria : Une Analyse Des Coûts, Pooja Sripad, Sara Chace Dwyer, Gloria Adoyi
Mise En Œuvre Des Composantes Du Modèle Ssp Pour La Pe / E Au Nigéria : Une Analyse Des Coûts, Pooja Sripad, Sara Chace Dwyer, Gloria Adoyi
Reproductive Health
Entre 2016 et 2018, le Population Council, en partenariat avec les Ministères de la Santé fédéraux et des États du Nigéria, a mis en œuvre une intervention visant à lutter contre la pré-éclampsie/éclampsie (PE/E) dans trois États: Ebonyi, Cross River et Kogi. C’était dans le cadre du projet Ending Eclampsia, un investissement quinquennal de l'USAID qui a mis en œuvre des aspects du modèle de soins de santé primaires (SSP) pour le modèle PE/E au Bangladesh, au Nigéria et au Pakistan. L'intervention au Nigéria comprenait cinq composantes de SSP pour le modèle PE/E: 1) le partage des tâches avec des …
Does Education Improve Health In Low- And Middle Income Countries? Results From A Systematic Review, Stephanie Psaki, Barbara Mensch, Erica Chuang, Andrea J. Melnikas
Does Education Improve Health In Low- And Middle Income Countries? Results From A Systematic Review, Stephanie Psaki, Barbara Mensch, Erica Chuang, Andrea J. Melnikas
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Despite enormous progress in expanding school enrollment globally, improvements in health have not always followed, raising important questions: Does education, in fact, enable women, men and their families to be healthier? And if so, how? To fill this gap in knowledge, the GIRL Center conducted a systematic review of the evidence for the effects of education on health in low- and middle-income countries.
Delivering Results In Girls' Education: How To Evaluate What Works, What Doesn't, And What We Don't Know, Stephanie Psaki
Delivering Results In Girls' Education: How To Evaluate What Works, What Doesn't, And What We Don't Know, Stephanie Psaki
Poverty, Gender, and Youth
Girls around the world face daunting challenges when it comes to enrolling in primary school, completing secondary school, and gaining the basic knowledge and skills they need to be empowered, healthy, and productive adults. Many governments and organizations have risen to meet that challenge through policies and programs designed to remove common barriers to girls’ education. But as the number of actors in this space grows, and resources to address these challenges remain scarce, it is essential to ensure that investments are targeted toward the most effective policies and programs. This brief lays out the basics of program evaluation. The …
Meeting The Needs Of Orphans And Other Vulnerable Children: Learnings From Project Soar, Project Soar
Meeting The Needs Of Orphans And Other Vulnerable Children: Learnings From Project Soar, Project Soar
HIV and AIDS
Orphans and other vulnerable children (OVC), including those living with HIV, often have a range of unmet needs, such as education, food security, psychosocial support, and access to health care. Project SOAR is documenting the unique vulnerabilities of OVC and their caregivers, and examining strategies to mitigate the impacts of HIV on them. This brief presents a summary of the SOAR portfolio, including a prospective cohort study of young people living with HIV in Zambia, an evaluation of an HIV risk screening tool among OVC in Tanzania, and a systematic review of promising interventions to support engagement and treatment adherence …
Health Financing And Family Planning In The Context Of Universal Health Care: Connecting The Discourse, Gabrielle Appleford, Saumya Ramarao
Health Financing And Family Planning In The Context Of Universal Health Care: Connecting The Discourse, Gabrielle Appleford, Saumya Ramarao
Reproductive Health
Financing is a major challenge and concern for the future of family planning (FP) programs. As countries commit to increasing access to and quality of FP services and to universal health care (UHC), it is crucial that UHC schemes include FP and other reproductive health services. While the importance of financing is recognized in relation to quality, the “how” of financing FP within the context of UHC is not well understood. This brief targets the “bridge” constituency that is coalescing between the health financing and FP communities of practice around a shared interest in making access to health services universal. …