Epidemiology Commons^™

Progression Of Non-Radiographic To Radiographic Axial Spondyloarthritis: A Risk Model Based On A Chinese Cohort Study, Rui Ying Deng, Xiaojia Xu, Jian Hua Peng, Feng Cai Shen, Yao Gong, Dan Min Wang, Hong Jin Liang, Shu Xin Huang, Zhao Peng Chen, Wen Long Wu, Ze Xin Zheng, Ling Lin, Zhi Duo Hou

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: To evaluate the progression from non-radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (nr-axSpA) to radiographic axial spondyloarthritis (r-axSpA) in a Chinese cohort, identify associated risk factors in both clinical and imaging arms, and enable risk stratification based on these factors. Methods: Overall, 572 patients with nr-axSpA were enrolled with a median follow-up of 5 years. Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to identify potential risk factors associated with the progression from nr-axSpA to r-axSpA in both clinical and imaging arms. A risk-scoring system was then developed by assigning each independent predictor a weight based on its regression coefficient. Patients were subsequently categorized …

Women’S Empowerment And Child Stunting In Peru: A Nationally Representative Analysis, Marisella Chumán-Sánchez, Brando Ortiz-Saavedra, Leonardo J. Uribe-Cavero, Anita P. Llamo-Vilcherrez, Joshua W. Moxey, Carlos J. Toro-Huamanchumo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Child stunting remains a persistent public health challenge in Peru. Although women’s empowerment has been linked to improved child health, evidence on its domain-specific relationship with stunting remains limited. The objective of this study was to assess the association between women’s empowerment, across attitudes towards violence, social independence, and decision-making, and child stunting in Peru.

Methods: We conducted an analytical cross-sectional study using nationally representative data from the 2021 Demographic and Family Health Survey (ENDES), including 16,650 mother-child pairs. Analyses of women’s empowerment were conducted in a sub-sample with complete SWPER data (n = 12,696). Stunting was defined as …

Pooled Proportion And Associated Factors Of Postoperative Pain During The Recovery Time Among Adult Surgical Patients In An Ethiopian Setting With Limited Resources: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Sintayehu Samuel Lorato, Mitiku Desalegn, Kelemu Abebe Gelaw, Yohannes Godie Ashebir, Olyad Kuma Getahun, Gebeyehu Lakew, Mathewos Mekonnen Gemmechu, Tiruye Menshaw Tiruneh, Yibeltal Assefa Atalay, Amlaku Nigusie Yirsaw, Eyob Ketema Bogale, Natnael Atnafu Gebeyehu, Tewodros Shitemaw Tekoye, Genanew Kassie Getahun, Kedir Seid, Abel Tibebu Goshu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

No abstract provided.

From Advisory To Action: The Case For Preserving Paccarb In The Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance, Leila S. Hojat, Muhammad Dhanani, Amy Y. Kang, Salome O. Chitavi, Robert A. Weinstein, Edward Stenehjem

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

The Presidential Advisory Council on Combating Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria (PACCARB) was established to advise the government on strategies to mitigate antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and its increasing threat to public health and national security. Its members included experts from diverse disciplines such as healthcare, veterinary medicine, industry, public health, and agriculture who were positioned to interface with key stakeholders and the public in an aspirational multidisciplinary approach to combating AMR. The council was successful in elevating AMR as a national priority and played a crucial role in watershed events for antimicrobial stewardship (AS) such as the development of the second National Action …

Cardiovascular Disease Incidence And Cancer Risk In Two Large European Prospective Cohorts, Emma Fontvieille, Vivian Viallon, Laia Peruchet-Noray, Quan Gan, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, Yvonne Koop, Anne Tjønneland, Nicola Bondonno, Verena Katzke, Rudolf Kaaks, Matthias B. Schulze, Catarina Schiborn, Calogero Saieva, Vittorio Simeon, Claudia Agnoli, Rosario Tumino, Fulvio Ricceri, Leila Luján-Barroso, Maria José Sánchez, Conchi Moreno-Iribas, Konstantinos K. Tsilidis, Marc J. Gunter, Adam Butterworth, Elio Riboli, Heinz Freisling, Pietro Ferrari

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Our study investigated the association between incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and subsequent cancer risk in two large European prospective cohorts. We included 568,926 adults from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition and United Kingdom Biobank, all of whom were free of CVD, cancer and type 2 diabetes at baseline. Multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate cancer hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) in relation to incident CVD events. CVD was treated as a time-varying exposure, and models accounted for time since CVD diagnosis and other lifestyle factors. Study-specific estimates were pooled using …

Race And Ethnicity And Overall Survival In Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Daniel J. Zheng, Long Khuong, Catherine Aftandilian, Kira Bona, Emi H. Caywood, Caitlin W. Elgarten, Brian T. Fisher, Cody-Aaron L. Gathers, Taumoha Ghosh, M. Monica Gramatges, Gary Hettinger, Meret R. Henry, Yuan-Shung V Huang, Yimei Li, Kelly Maloney, Amir Mian, Tamara P Miller, Arunkumar Modi, Rajen Mody, Regina M. Myers, Haley Newman, Jose Ortiz, Alix E. Seif, Caroline Smith, Jamie Stokke, Naomi Winick, Jennifer J. Wilkes, Victor Wong, Richard Aplenc, Kelly D. Getz

Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers

IMPORTANCE: Hispanic and non-Hispanic Black (hereafter, Black) children with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have historically experienced worse survival outcomes compared with non-Hispanic White (hereafter, White) children. Understanding specific intermediate pathways underlying these outcome disparities is a critical step to directing interventional efforts and resources.

OBJECTIVE: To compare survival outcomes by race and ethnicity in a large contemporary cohort of pediatric patients with AML and to examine presentation acuity, frontline organ toxic effects, and relapse as potential mediators of any observed outcome disparities.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study was analyzed from April 2025 to January 2026 and included …

Cost-Effectiveness Evaluation Of Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Chest Radiograph Interpretation For Tuberculosis Screening In Rural Health Units In The Philippines, Harold Henrison C. Chiu, Bryan Christopher C. Lao, Gloanne C. Adolor

Graduate School of Business Publications

Background: Tuberculosis remains a major public health burden in the Philippines, where diagnostic delays are amplified by limited radiology capacity in rural health units (RHUs) and geographically isolated and disadvantaged areas (GIDAs). Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) using artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted chest radiograph interpretation may shorten the screening pathway and reduce reliance on scarce specialist readers. However, its economic value for RHUbased tuberculosis screening has not been fully evaluated.
Methods: We developed a decision-tree cost-effectiveness model in Microsoft Excel 365 to compare AI-assisted chest radiograph interpretation with conventional manual radiologist or teleradiology interpretation among a theoretical annual cohort of 1,000 presumptive tuberculosis …

Updating The Prisma Reporting Guideline For Scoping Reviews: A Scoping Review, Andrea C. Tricco, Emily Robinson, Sharon E. Straus, Heather Colquhoun, Christina M. Godfrey, David Moher, Zachary Munn, Danielle Pollock, Sherrie Logan, Ellen B.M. Elsman, Sabira Hasanoff, Yonda Lai, James Mcmahon, Jasmeen Dourka, Dipika Neupane, Hanan Khalil, Micah D.J. Peters, Lyndsay Alexander, Romy M. Jia, Ashrita Saran, Catrin Evans, Dawid Pieper

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Objectives The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) extension for scoping reviews (ScRs) (PRISMA-ScR) was published in 2018 to provide reporting guidance. A substantial increase in published ScRs in recent years coupled with the omission or lack of engagement of interest-holders, including patients and public partners, as research partners throughout its development necessitate updating PRISMA-ScR. Important methodological advancements have emerged since PRISMA-ScR 2018, including automation and data extraction, which need to be incorporated into this update and reflected in new reporting items. Aligned with PRISMA 2020, this ScR underpins the update by identifying potential new …

Cardiovascular Health And Life Expectancy In Chronic Kidney Disease, Peipei Liu, Di Liu, Yulong Lan, Qi Zhang, Qiao Lu, Kang An, Jingyu Wang, Shuohua Chen, Shouling Wu, Youxin Wang

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects approximately 674 million people worldwide and accounted for 35.6 million years of life lost in 2021.1 Premature mortality in CKD is driven largely by cardiovascular disease (CVD),2 and management of modifiable cardiometabolic risk factors remains essential alongside pharmacological renoprotection. Life's Essential 8 (LE8),3 a validated composite measure of cardiovascular health (CVH), has been associated with lower mortality in CKD,4 yet prior studies have relied on relative risk estimates, leaving the absolute survival benefit and the extent to which high CVH can close the life-expectancy gap between patients with and without CKD unclear. We therefore examined …

Rapid Recovery Of Peripheral Oxygen Saturation In Hypoxic Covid-19 Patients With Ivermectin/Doxycycline/Zinc Multidrug Therapy, Sabine Hazan, Adriana C. Vidal, Eleftherios Gkioulekas, Anoja W. Gunaratne, Sibaish Dolai, Robert L. Clancy, Peter A. Mccullough, Thomas J. Borody

School of Mathematical & Statistical Sciences Faculty Publications

Several combination therapies for the early outpatient treatment of COVID-19 were proposed by independent research groups at the onset of the pandemic during 2020 and 2021. In this observational study, we report on the outcomes of an off-label triple combination therapy, consisting of ivermectin, doxycycline, and zinc, with adjunct vitamin C and D3 supplementation, which was used on high-risk COVID-19 patients. These patients refused an initial recommendation to seek inpatient care, despite a high-risk presentation compounded with one or more comorbidities and/or severe hypoxia. Telemedicine was used to administer personalized treatment to patients at home, who did not have access …

Sagittal Abdominal Diameter And Abdominal Aortic Calcification Are Associated With Incident Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events: The Manitoba Bone Density Registry, Haftom N. Abraha, Abadi K. Gebre, Marc Sim, Cassandra Smith, Syed Zulqarnain Gilani, Zaid Ilyas, Fatima Zarzour, John T. Schousboe, Lisa M. Lix, Neil Binkley, Siobhan Reid, Barret A. Monchka, Douglas Kimelman, Joshua R. Lewis, William D. Leslie

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

BackgroundSagittal abdominal diameter (SAD), a measure of visceral adiposity, has been linked to major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE). However, the relationship between SAD and abdominal aortic calcification (AAC), a marker of subclinical vascular disease, and whether they independently and jointly predict MACE remains unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate whether weight-normalized SAD and AAC scored using a validated machine learning algorithm (ML-AAC24) are independently and jointly associated with incident MACE.MethodsSAD and ML-AAC24 were measured from dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) posteroanterior and lateral spine images, respectively, from the Manitoba Bone Density registry.ResultsAmong 8806 individuals (mean age 75.1 ± 6.6 years, 93.9% women), 11.3% experienced MACE …

Urinary Sodium, Table Salt Use And Incidence Of Late-Onset Asthma In Females And Males: Evidence From A Large Prospective Cohort, Selma Kronsteiner-Gicevic, Alysha S. Thompson, Martina Gaggl, Aedín Cassidy, Nicola P. Bondonno, Charmaine J.M. Lim, Robab Breyer-Kohansal, Tilman Kühn

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: The contribution of dietary sodium to asthma development remains unclear, particularly for adult-onset disease. We examined associations between estimated 24-h urinary sodium excretion, table salt use and incident asthma in a large prospective cohort.

Methods: We analysed 420 041 adults aged 40–69 years without prior asthma. Incident asthma was ascertained through linked health records. Urinary sodium was estimated using the INTERSALT equation from spot urine samples. Frequency of adding salt at the table was self-reported. Associations were evaluated using multivariable Cox proportional hazards models with adjustment for sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical factors.

Results: Over a median 10.9-year follow-up, 11 …

The Contribution Of Adolescent Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors To Vascular Stiffness And Cardiac Remodelling In Young Adults, Anne E. Barden, Lawrence J. Beilin, Nick S.R. Lan, Amro Sehly, Girish Dwivedi, Rae-Chi Huang, Brendan Adler, Trevor A. Mori

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Aims: Early identification of abnormalities in vascular and cardiac structure offers an opportunity for intervention to reduce future cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study examined factors contributing to increased CVD risk from adolescence to young adulthood. Methods and results: Raine Study participants (n = 716) classified as low- or high-CVD risk using cluster analysis at 17 years were re-studied at 27 years. Outcomes at 27 years were vascular stiffness assessed by pulse wave velocity (PWV) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI), left ventricular (LV), right ventricular (RV), and left atrial (LA) myocardial strain and respective ejection fractions (EF) assessed by cardiac …

Global, Regional And National Burden Of Maternal Haemorrhage (2000–2021) And Projections To 2050 In 204 Countries And Territories, Mulat Ayele, Bereket Duko, Tenaw Tiruye, Paul R. Ward, Lillian Mwanri, Gavin Pereira, Tegene Atamenta Kitaw, Biruk Beletew Abate, Eyob Shitie Lake, Abebaw Alamrew, Aynalem Yetwale, Gizachew Yilak, Befkad Derese Tilahun, Chalie Mulugeta, Tadele Emagneneh, Amanuel Tesfay Gebremedhin

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objective: To estimate the global, regional and national burden of maternal haemorrhage (2000–2021) and its 2050 projections in 204 countries and territories. Design: This study systematic analysis of the burden of maternal haemorrhage sourced data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2021 study. We estimated the incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life years (DALYs), years lived with disability (YLDs) and years of life lost (YLLs) due to maternal haemorrhage. Changes in the burden from 2000 to 2021 were computed using AAPC. To detect statistically notable changes in the trends of maternal haemorrhage metrics between 2000 and 2021, Joinpoint regression analysis using …

The Life Study: A Cross-Sectional Study Protocol For Lifestyle Risk Factors For Chronic Disease Across The Stages Of Reproductive Ageing, Laura E. Pernoud, Jamie L. Noll, Paul A. Gardiner, Melinda Dean, Kathryn M. Broadhouse, Meegan Anne Walker, Hattie H. Wright, Anthony Villani, Joseph Scott, Alexandra P. Metse, Mia A. Schaumberg

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction: The dynamic physiological and hormonal changes through the menopause transition predispose women to an increased risk of chronic diseases including cardiovascular disease, metabolic disease, depression and dementia. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear, yet it is thought that chronic systemic inflammation and changes to lifestyle behaviours play important roles. The LIfestyle risk Factors for chronic disease across the stagEs of reproductive ageing (LIFE study) is a cross-sectional study aimed to characterise how hormonal and lifestyle (physical activity, diet and sleep) differences across pre, peri and postmenopause influence chronic systemic inflammation, visceral adiposity, cognitive function and sleep health. Methods and analysis: …

Internalized Homophobia As An Influence On Participation In Hiv Prevention Among Young Men Who Have Sex With Men (Ymsm), Kasey I. Brazee

Honors Scholar Theses

Stigma is a known barrier to accessing preventative services for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), however, the types of stigmas involved in this relationship remain not well defined. Homophobia, or negative attitudes directed towards homosexuality, is a particularly important type of stigma considering the disproportionate effect of HIV on men who have sex with men (MSM). Young MSM (YMSM) are especially impacted, making them a key population in the context of HIV prevention research.  Internalized homophobia, which refers to homophobia that one directs towards themselves, is under researched regarding its role in participating in HIV prevention. In this study, we aimed …

Impact Of Travel Time To Health Facilities On Perinatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review With Narrative Synthesis And Meta-Analysis, Sanam Roder-Dewan, Marwa Ramadan, Paul Ouma, Alexander Manu, Emelda A. Okiro, Natalie Strobel, Bibian N. Robert, Emily Odipo, Peter M. Macharia, Anthony Danso-Appiah, David C. Goodman, Queen Dube, Gagan Gupta, Hema Magge, Karen Edmond

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Evidence-based global guidance on safe travel time for small or sick newborns who require transfer to health facilities after birth is lacking. A two-hour threshold is frequently cited in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), while 30 minutes is commonly used in high-income countries (HICs). Although these thresholds are widely referenced, their empirical basis and consistency across levels of newborn care and journey types have not been systematically examined. This study synthesises the evidence linking travel time and perinatal outcomes. Methods: We conducted a systematic review with narrative synthesis and meta-analysis to assess the impact of travel time or distance …

Factors Affecting Pedestrian-Vehicle Conflicts: An Empirical Analysis, Christo D. Jamo

Honors Scholar Theses

The number of pedestrian deaths increased by 78% between 2009 and 2023, while other motor vehicle crash deaths increased by 13% in the same period [1]. To identify potential pedestrian safety measures, this study analyzed the effects of location-based demographics, pedestrian phasing type, and other physical infrastructure and behavior variables on the probability of pedestrian-vehicle conflicts at signalized intersections, which is a surrogate measure of crash risk. Data were collected from 55 intersections in Connecticut, and the pedestrian-vehicle interactions were classified by severity based on the Swedish Traffic Conflict Technique: undisturbed passage, potential conflict, minor conflict, or serious conflict. Because …

Prevention Of Dementia Using Mobile Phone Applications (Prodemos) – A Health-Economic Cost-Utility Analysis In People Aged 55–75 Years With Low Socio-Economic Status, Ron Handels, Marieke Hoevenaar-Blom, Manshu Song, Carol Brayne, Eric Moll Van Charante, Fiona E. Matthews, Junfang Xu, Linus Jönsson, Nicola Coley, Rachael Brooks, Xuening Jian, Tingting Qin, Youxin Wang, Wei Wang, Edo Richard, Anders Wimo

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Introduction We aimed to explore the potential incremental cost-effectiveness of the PRODEMOS coach-supported mobile health intervention for primary prevention of dementia versus standard of care provided to people aged 55–75 years with low socio-economic status (SES) in the United Kingdom (UK), and any SES in China. Methods 12–18-month PRODEMOS trial (ISRCTN15986016) efficacy outcomes on hypertension, obesity, hypercholesterolemia, physical inactivity and smoking were extrapolated to lifetime impact on dementia onset, myocardial infarction, stroke and death using a health-economic open-source simulation model. Results Simulated outcomes showed dementia cases were avoided (UK = -206 (-658 to 281), China = -140 (-456 to 205) …

Mechanisms Of Binding And Immune Escape Resistance For Broadly Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Distinct Conserved Sars-Cov-2 Spike Epitopes: A Hierarchical Approach Integrating Mutational Profiling And Energy Landscape Analysis, Mohammed Alshahrani, Will Gatlin, Max Ludwick, Lucas Turano, Brandon Foley, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

The continued evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has enabled an escape from most monoclonal antibodies, yet a subset of broadly neutralizing antibodies targeting three newly identified super-conserved RBD epitopes—SCORE-A, SCORE-B, and SCORE-C—retains remarkable activity against even the most recent JN.1-derived sublineages. Here, we employed an integrated computational framework combining conformational dynamics, mutational scanning, MM-GBSA binding energetics, and frustration profiling to dissect the molecular mechanisms by which XGI antibodies achieve broad neutralization and resistance to immune escape. Structural analysis revealed that all three SCORE epitopes share a common architecture: a highly conserved, minimally frustrated core that provides stable anchoring, flanked by peripheral regions …

Long Work Hours, Suboptimal Diabetes Management, And Differences By Sex And Race/Ethnicity, Nhanes (2011-2018), Tailisha Gonzalez, Margrethe Horlyck-Romanovsky, Terry T.-K. Huang, Sandra E. Echeverria

Publications and Research

In the United States (US), occupational segregation by sex and race/ethnicity can contribute to health disparities. Although work schedule characteristics have been previously linked to elevated cardiovascular risk, little is known about the effects on chronic disease management in women and minoritized workers. We examined the association between work hours and diabetes management among US workers, testing for differences by sex and race/ethnicity. We utilized 2011–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data on working adults (age ≥20 years) with diagnosed diabetes (n = 1041). Suboptimal diabetes management was defined as HbA1c ≥7%. Work hours were categorized per WHO …

Psychosocial Mediators Of A Physical Activity And Dietary Intervention In Pregnant Women With Overweight Or Obesity, Meghan Baruth, Sarah Wilcox, Jihong Liu, Rebecca Schlaff

Faculty Publications

Background

Mediation analyses provide insight into both ‘pieces’ of the mediation chain; they allow us to look into the ‘black box’ that is behavior change. They allow researchers to better understand the ‘how’ of an intervention’s effects and/or the ‘why’ behind why an intervention worked or did not work. The lack of publications in pregnant populations highlights the need for additional studies to be conducted and published. The purpose of this study is to examine the psychosocial mediators of physical activity and dietary outcomes in a sample of pregnant women with overweight or obesity participating in the Health in Pregnancy …

Visits Related To Alcohol, Substance Use, And Mental Health In New Mexico’S Emergency Departments: Social Determinants Of Health And Discharge Disposition, 2021-2024, Samuel L. Swift, Maya Stefanovic, Dylan Pell

Population Health Research and Scholarship

No abstract provided.

Factors Associated With Lapses In Care Among People Living With Hiv In South Carolina, Xueying Yang Ph.D., Fanghui Shi, Shujie Chen, Gavi Samuel, Bankole Olatosi Ph.D., Sharon Weissman, Xiaoming Li Ph.D., Jiajia Zhang Ph.D.

Faculty Publications

Utilizing statewide electronic health records (EHR) data, this study aims to assess the factors determining the occurrence of lapses in HIV care among people with HIV (PWH) in South Carolina (SC). All adult (≥ 18 years old) PWH who were diagnosed with HIV between 2006 and 2018 with at least two HIV care encounters and at least 1-year follow-up record were included in the analysis. The outcome, a lapse in care, was defined as a repeated measure of HIV care encounter that occurs over a year following the previous visit. Generalized Estimation Equation models were employed. The study cohort had …

Occupational Epidemiology Of Acral Lentiginous Melanoma, Lily Guo, Robin Kikuchi, April W. Armstrong, Suephy C. Chen

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology Faculty Papers

Acral lentiginous melanoma (ALM) classically presents in glabrous skin. Some studies suggest an association between mechanical stress and ALM development. People working jobs with long periods of standing/walking may be exposed to near-daily mechanical stress. To investigate the relationship between occupation type and ALM development, we performed a retrospective cohort study using Optum’s Clinformatics Database (2007—2023). We compared the risk of ALM in adults with occupational data (n = 9,270,935). Retired patients had the highest prevalence (0.081) and incidence per 1,000,000 person-years (0.514, 95% confidence interval = 0.487—0.542) of ALM. We performed multivariate logistic regression, adjusted for demographics and insurance, …

Implementation And Costs Of A Food Insecurity Resource Navigation Program For Primary Care Patients With Diabetes And Hypertension In South Carolina, Deeksha Gupta, Darin Thomas, Stella Coker Watson Self Ph.D., Ms, Edward A. Frongillo Jr. Ph.D., Alain H. Litwin, Joseph A. Ewing, Lynnette Ramos-Gonzalez, Lynnette Ramos-Gonzalez

Faculty Publications

Objective

To examine food insecurity resource navigation program costs and how navigation intensity relates to clinical outcomes, healthcare costs, and quality of life (QOL) for diabetes and/or hypertension patients.

Methods

This retrospective study included patients receiving resource navigation (July 12, 2021-December 31, 2022 with twelve-month follow-up) across three primary care practices in South Carolina's largest health system. Participants were 18+ years old (from electronic medical records/Epic), had food insecurity (from Hunger Vital Sign™), and diabetes and/or hypertension (from Epic registries). Matched controls came from food insecurity screening-only practices. Patients in each group (n= 219) had diabetes (9.13%), hypertension …

Preoperative Health During A Pandemic: An Observational Study Assessing Lifestyle Changes In Patients Associated With Covid-19 In Western Australia, Nadine Radin, Dana Hince, Jim Codde, Paola Chivers, Dale W. Edgar

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background and Aim: Healthcare service disruptions resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic led to substantial changes in surgical pathways across public hospitals in Western Australia (WA). These disruptions, compounded by restrictions and containment measures, influenced the health and lifestyle behaviours of the WA community, including patients awaiting surgery. This study aimed to assess changes in self-reported modifiable lifestyle risk factors among patients during COVID-19. Methods: This observational study analysed hospital patient data across three seasonally matched calendar periods: Period 1 (January–March 2019 vs 2020), Period 2 (March–July 2019 vs 2020), and Period 3 (July–December 2019 vs 2020). Multivariable regression models were …

Impact Of Cannabis And Cannabis Legalization On Us Atrial Septal Defect Rates, Albert Stuart Reece, Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Atrial septal defect (ASD) affects 1:11.3 children in some US states; however, the antecedents of these trends are yet to be identified. A total of 1882 ASD rates (ASDRs) for 2003–2020 were sourced from the National Birth Defects Prevention Network reports. A total of 406,893 ASDs are reported. Substance (cigarettes, binge alcohol, cannabis, cannabinoids, analgesics, cocaine) exposure data were taken from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health. Income and ethnicity data were derived from the US Census. Adjustment was performed by mixed effects, survey and generalized additive regression. Causal analysis was by inverse probability weighting and E-values. Data …

Space-Time Analysis Of Burgeoning Us Atrial Septal Defect Rates Driven By Cannabis, Albert Stuart Reece, Kenneth Hulse

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Atrial septal defect (ASD) has become increasingly common in the USA and now affects 1 in 11.3 children in some places, but space–time analysis has not been applied to this emerging trend. ASD rate (ASDR) data were obtained from the National Birth Defects Prevention Network 2003–2020. Substance (cigarettes, alcohol, cannabis, analgesics, cocaine) use data were obtained from the National Survey of Drug Use and Health. Income data were obtained from the US Census. Analysis was limited to the Non-Hispanic White population by technical factors. Time-sequential univariate and bivariate maps were prepared for both covariates and outcomes and their combinations. Spatial …

Longitudinal Assessment Of Health-Related Quality Of Life In Adults With Ckd, Owen Ng, Teixeira-Pinto, Anh Kieu, Anita Van Zwieten, Anoushka Krishnan, Kirsten Howard, Wai H. Lim, Jeremy R. Chapman, Simon D. Roger, Michael J. Bourke, Shaundeep Sen, Steven J. Chadban, Carol A. Pollock, Allison Jaure, Jonathan C. Craig, Jean Yang, Germaine Wong

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Key Points: Dialysis linked with poorer quality of life compared with transplant patients and patients with CKD. Quality of life trends were similar in both domain-specific and overall quality-of-life measures. Background: There are sparse data about the change in health-related quality of life (HRQoL) with the temporal progression of CKD. In this study, we assessed the association between change in CKD stages, overall and domain-specific quality of life and determined the factors that were associated with this change. Methods: Data were sourced from a multicenter study that included 1290 adult patients aged 18 years and older across six centers in …