Community Health and Preventive Medicine Commons^™

Mckenzie Exercise For Reducing Low Back Pain Complaints In Office Worker: An Evidence-Based Case Report, Bonnie Medana Pahlavie, Dewi S. Soemarko, Indah Suci Widyahening

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Background:

Low back pain (LBP) is pain that is felt in the lower back area, namely between the corners of the lowest ribs and the lower buttocks (lumbar or lumbo-sacral area) and can be local pain or radiate to the upper thighs/legs or both. Low back pain is a 10% debilitating condition that results in a change in life expectancy due to disability. Low back pain is not a malignancy and is a self-limiting condition, but patients always seek treatment to reduce the severity of their symptoms. Chronic Low Back Pain can alter lifestyle and increase the rate of prolonged …

Prevention Of Tuberculosis Transmission Through Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Detection In The Air, Ni Njoman Juliasih, Eko Budi Koendhori, I Nyoman Semita

Kesmas

Tuberculosis (TB) is a dangerous and highly contagious disease. Global cases have increased since, and Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest number of TB cases. This study aimed to prevent TB transmission by analyzing air contamination. Air samples were taken from three primary health cares (PHCs) in Surabaya City, East Java Province, Indonesia, and cultured in Mycobacterium Growth Indicator Tube (MGIT) media. Of the 108 air samples collected, 36 came from the waiting room, 36 from the examination room, and 36 from the laboratory room. As a result, the waiting room (50%), examination room (16.7%), and laboratory …

Double Burden Of Persons With Disabilities: Are Those More Likely To Suffer From Chronic Disease?, Salsabila Kusumawardani, Hardiyani Puspitasari, Muhammad Ciro Danuza, Yusuf Faisal Martak

Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi

This study examines the likelihood of persons with disabilities experiencing chronic diseases compared to those without disabilities, emphasizing the role of demographic characteristics. Prior research shows that individuals with disabilities have a higher risk of chronic diseases due to pre-existing health conditions, secondary complications, healthcare access barriers, and limited health education. Beyond these factors, we argue that demographic characteristics—such as age, gender, insurance status, and living environment—also shape daily habits and lifestyles that influence long-term health outcomes. Using probit regression analysis, this study quantifies the probability of chronic disease among persons with disabilities. Our findings indicate that individuals with disabilities …

Social Vulnerabilities In Head-Neck Melanoma Care: A Retrospective Cohort Study In The United States, Lillian Mccampbell, David Jun Fei-Zhang, Daniel Chelius, Ling-Lun Bob Hsia, Robert Dellavalle, Jill D'Souza, David Bentrem, Jeffrey Wayne, Jeffrey Rastatter, Anthony Sheyn

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Studies addressing social determinants of health (SDH) in head-neck melanomas (HNM) have only assessed socioeconomic factor impact but not a wider scope of SDH. OBJECTIVE: Utilizing the Social Vulnerability Index (SVI), to assess the influence of specific SDH and their quantifiable associations with HNM management disparities across the varied community contexts in the United States. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study analyzed adults diagnosed with HNM from 1975 to 2017 from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program database. RESULTS: A total of 374,138 HNM in adults from 1975 to 2017 were assessed for disparities affiliated with increasing overall vulnerability/SVI …

Bayesian Beta-Binomial Mixed Models For Longitudinal, Clustered, And Spatiotemporal Data, Chun-Che Wen

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Overdispersed binomial data arise in many clinical and public health research studies. Examples include timeline followback data (TLFB), which are used in addiction research to monitor recent substance use. This dissertation proposes novel beta-binomial (BB) mixed models to address the challenges associated with overdispersed binomial data, including zero-inflation, heterogenous effects, and spatiotemporal correlation. Motivated by a 12-week randomized controlled trial evaluating the efficacy of varenicline tartrate for smoking cessation among adolescents, Aim 1 develops a Bayesian zero-inflated beta-binomial (ZIBB) model to analyze longitudinal and bounded TLFB data — namely, the number of abstinent days in the past week. Because treatment …

Hepatitis A Cases On The Rise And What Can Be Done About It, Dana Mccarney, Stephen Rawlings

Journal of Maine Medical Center

No abstract provided.

Health Disparities In Cervical Cancer: Estimating Geographic Variations Of Disease Burden And Association With Key Socioeconomic And Demographic Factors In The Us, Tara Castellano, Andrew K. Elhabr, Christina Washington, Jie Ting, Yitong J. Zhang, Fernanda Musa, Ezgi Berksoy, Kathleen Moore, Leslie Randall, Jagpreet Chhatwal, Turgay Ayer, Charles A. Leath

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite advances in cervical cancer (CC) prevention, detection, and treatment in the US, health disparities persist, disproportionately affecting underserved populations or regions. This study analyzes the geographical distribution of both CC and recurrent/metastatic CC (r/mCC) in the US and explores potential risk factors of higher disease burden to inform potential strategies to address disparities in CC and r/mCC. METHODS: We estimated CC screening rates, as well as CC burden (number of patients with CC diagnosis per 100,000 eligible enrollees) and r/mCC burden (proportion of CC patients receiving systemic therapy not in conjunction with surgery or radiation), at the geographic …

Gender-Specific Mental Health Outcomes In Central America: A Natural Experiment, Thea Nagasuru

Computer Science Summer Fellows

While COVID lockdown measures have had varying effects on the mental health of different demographics, several bodies of research have noted their disparate effect on women. Why is women's mental health more negatively impacted by lockdown measures, and how much more are they impacted than men? How can we predict and mitigate these negative effects on women? This paper aims to contribute to answering those questions by comparing COVID stringency measures and their effect on the gap in depression rates between men and women in two neighboring countries: Nicaragua and Honduras.

Transitions Of Care And The Prevention Of Readmissions, Beatriz Granado

Student Scholarly Projects

Unplanned hospital readmissions often result from poor discharge planning and challenges during the transition from hospital to home, including medication errors and weak communication with primary care providers. A well-organized and personalized discharge plan can significantly reduce hospital stays, lower readmission rates, minimize medication errors, and improve patient outcomes, all while decreasing healthcare costs. In post-discharge Medicare-eligible patients (P), how does transitional care coordination through organized, personalized, and patient-focused discharge planning (I), compared with standard or no transitional care coordination provided (C), affect readmissions (O) within the 30-day post-discharge phase monitored over a 10–12-week period (T)? A search was conducted …

Central Nervous System Prophylaxis Utilization In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma Within A Large Community Health System, Michael J. Williams, Sol D. Atienza, Renee H. Aranda, Kayleigh B. Flint, Sherjeel Sana, Stephen C. Medlin, Zartash Gul, Federico A. Sanchez, Michael A. Thompson

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: The impact of central nervous system (CNS) prophylaxis in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is contentious. The CNS International Prognostic Index (IPI) calculator offers prognostic guidance in identifying those patients who may be at highest risk of disease progression or relapse to the CNS. However, it is unclear whether this tool has guided clinician decision-making in a real-world setting. Studies have suggested that CNS prophylaxis may not offer clinically significant benefit in terms of preventing CNS disease progression. Given this, we investigated the utilization of CNS prophylaxis within our own population and documentation of the CNS-IPI score.

Methods: We …

Hiv/Aids-Associated Knowledge And Attitudes Towards Treating Disadvantaged Communities Among Pre-Community-Based Dental Education Dental Students In The Us, Aditi Tomar, Hannah Balcezak, Shirley Lewis Miranda, Marie C Latortue, Richa Chinchkhandi, Lisa Wigfall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study examines HIV/AIDS-associated knowledge and attitudes towards treating disadvantaged communities among predoctoral dental students in U.S. dental schools who have not yet commenced their Community-Based Dental Education (CBDE) training. It also compares the difference in the knowledge and attitudes between students with reported community engagement with PLWHA and those without. Our study comprised 89 predoctoral dental students within their D1-D3 years of dental school who had not yet initiated their Community-Based Dental Education (referred to as pre-CBDE dental students). Their responses were collected via an online survey. The participants were 68% females, 94% heterosexual, and with a mean age …

An Epidemiological Study Of Tinea Corporis In Al-Najaf City, Ahmed Rashad Rasool, Amel Mustafa Kamil, Dhakam Mohammed Abbas

Maaen Journal for Medical Sciences

Background: Dermatophytes are humans' and animals' primary causative agents in charge of cutaneous fungal infections. Understanding the epidemic behavior of dermatophytosis, such as Tinea corporis, which specifically affects the trunk, neck, and extremities, might aid in its prevention. Aim of the study: The study aims to determine the proportion of Tinea corporis and dermatophytosis, the clinical type distribution of dermatophytosis, and participant demographics for Tinea corporis. Method: a cross-sectional study focuses on individuals diagnosed with Tinea corporis in the three general hospitals in Al-Najaf City the study takes place from April 1st to July 31st. all cases with tinea corporis …

Community-Based Participatory Obesity Prevention Interventions In Rural Communities: A Scoping Review, Saagar Dhanjani, Haley Allen, Beatriz Varman, Chishinga Callender, Jayna M Dave, Debbe Thompson

Library Staff Publications

Child obesity is a worldwide public health concern. In America, children from rural areas have greater odds of obesity in comparison to those from urban areas. Community-engaged research is important for all communities, particularly under-represented communities. This paper reports the results of a scoping review investigating community-engaged research in obesity prevention programs tested with school-aged children in rural America. A literature search of Medline Ovid was conducted to identify interventions reporting the results of obesity prevention interventions that promoted a healthy diet or physical activity (PA) behaviors to school-age children in rural communities of the United States (US). After title …

Characteristics Associated With Early Vs. Late Adoption Of Lung Cancer Screening, Christine S. Shusted, Jan M. Eberth, Hee-Soon Juon, Julie Barta

Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine Faculty Papers

Background: Although lung cancer screening (LCS) reduces lung cancer mortality among high-risk individuals, uptake overall remains low. With all cancer screening modalities, a period of diffusion among medical providers and the public is expected, with screening uptake exhibiting a distribution among early vs. late adoption. We aimed to characterize individuals undergoing LCS based upon the timeframe of screening adoption. Methods: This retrospective study examined patients who underwent LCS between January 2015 – December 2022 in a centralized LCS program. Based on United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) criteria for LCS, early and late adopters of LCS – defined by …

Veterans In Focus: Disability And Veterans In Rural America, Hannah W. Pepprock, Lillie Greiman, University Of Montana Rural Institute

Health and Wellness

There are an estimated 17 million Veterans living throughout the United States. Relative to the general population, Veterans are more likely to experience disability. Veterans are also disproportionately represented in rural areas across the U.S. As people with disabilities are also disproportionately represented in rural areas, it is valuable to explore the intersection between veteran status, disability, and rurality. This analysis uses publicly available date from the American Community Survey to examine service-connected disability rating status and the ACS-6 questions on functional ability as they related to U.S. regions and rurality.

Strengthening Linkages Between Health Care And Public Health: A Novel Framework For Public Health Action In Health Care Settings To Improve Cardiovascular Disease Risk, Candice Fryda, Liz Gebhart-Morgan, Mindy Anderson-Knott, Nicole Roseberry, Jamie Hahn, Kelli Niemeier, Jennifer Rutt, Debra Miller

UNL Office of Research and Innovation, Social/Behavioral Sciences Research Consortium

The Chronic Disease Prevention and Control Program (CDPCP) at the Nebraska Department of Health and Human Services developed a novel public health framework and tools to translate public health knowledge, grant work, and terminology to a health care audience in order to inform clinical practice changes in the management of hyperlipidemia and hypertension. The CDPCP piloted the tools with 2 accountable care organizations that included 19 clinics and then funded 9 independent clinics. The project sought to empower clinics to design and implement interventions for reducing high blood pressure and high blood cholesterol focused on populations disproportionately at risk for …

Mixed-Methods Assessment Of Farmworkers’ Perceptions Of Workplace Compliance With Worker Protection Standards And Implications For Risk Perceptions And Protective Behaviors, Carly Hyland, Lisa Meierotto, Rebecca L. Som Castellano, Cynthia L. Curl

Public and Population Health Faculty Publications and Presentations

Introduction: The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)’s Worker Protection Standards is the primary set of legislation aimed at protecting farmworkers from occupational pesticide exposure in the United States. Previous studies suggest that worker adoption of Pesticide Protective Behaviors (PPBs) promoted by WPS is associated with lower urinary pesticide concentrations. However, adoption of PPBs is often outside of the control of individual farmworkers and dependent on workplace factors such as employer provisioning of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) and access to trainings/resources.

Methods: We conducted a mixed-method study including urinary pesticide biomonitoring, surveys, and interviews with 62 Latinx farmworkers in southwestern Idaho from …

Exploring The Relationships Between Food Insecurity, Wic Participation, Early Life Feeding Practices, Diversity Of Dietary Exposures, And Diet Quality In The First Two Years Of Life, Vivian M. Drewelow

Master's Theses

Diet quality during early childhood is a strong predictor of mental and physical outcomes, as well as future diet quality. Although many factors determine diet quality during childhood, food insecurity is a significant predictor of lower diet quality. On the other hand, participation in nutrition assistant programs, such as the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) is a significant predictor of higher diet quality. In addition, specific feeding practices, including timing of complementary food and beverage (CFB) introduction, types of CFB introduced early, and diversity of dietary exposures (DD), in the first year may predict future …

Smile Brighter, Michigan: Inside The Mda Public Education Campaign, Rich Evans

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

The Michigan Dental Association's (MDA) Public Education Campaign, active for over three decades, aims to improve oral health and encourage visits to MDA-member dentists across Michigan. Funded by member dues, the campaign uses digital advertising and the smilemichigan.com website to educate the public. Key initiatives include the Find-A-Dentist tool, the "Healthy Mouth, Healthy Body" program, and various community outreach efforts. Upcoming features include the "Story Behind Every Smile" campaign, highlighting personal stories about the impact of dental health. By promoting proactive oral care, the MDA supports better overall health for Michigan residents.

J Mich Dent Assoc July 2024

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

Every month, the Journal of the Michigan Dental Association provides news, information, and features about Michigan dentistry to our state's oral health community and the MDA's 6,200+ members. It is the primary publication reaching Michigan dentists.

The July issue of the Michigan Dental Association (MDA) journal focuses on the member and public value of the association's Public Education Campaign through a cover story "Smile Brighter Michigan!". It also features articles on:

• How to get value from your MDA membership

• Joining the MDA Forensic Dental Team

• A new professional column, News you need, an editorial and regular department articles covering MDA …

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Parental View On Hpv Vaccination, Rebecca Elaine Rhodes

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

The human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection widely seen in the United States. Millions of Americans are affected by it each year, especially those in their late teens and early 20s. Although most infections will resolve on their own, 1 in 10 will lead to health problems such as cancer. The HPV vaccine can prevent over 90% of associated precancers and cancers. However, uptake of the HPV vaccine and its completion among adolescents are significantly lower than other recommended adolescent immunizations, falling short of the Healthy People 2030 goal of 80% coverage. Understanding parental attitudes, beliefs, and perceptions …

Current State, Challenges, And Opportunities Of The School-Based Sexual And Reproductive Health Education In Indonesia: A Systematic Literature Review, Genesa Lahope, Reza Fathurrahman

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Sexual and reproductive health education for adolescents remains crucial for Indonesia as it is home for more than 44 million teenagers as of 2022, in its way to anticipate demographic bonus in 2030. Government Regulation no. 61 of 2014 concerning Reproductive Health mandates sexual and reproductive health education in formal and informal education settings. By using a systematic literature review (SLR) method, this study assesses the current state of school-based sexual and reproductive health education in Indonesia. Findings reveal that the delivery of sexual and reproductive health education in Indonesian schools is fragmented, spread across various subjects such as Biology, …

Community Participation Of The “Kampung Kb” Program: Study In Malang City Year 2020, Rany Ekawati, Ema Novita Deniati, Anindya Hapsari, Lu'luim Mutakifah, Annisaa Annisaa, Lilik Ariyanti

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Indonesia has a significant population problem. The national population grows by a staggering 4.5 million people annually, and Malang is one example of a city experiencing this rapid growth. The government is implementing a program called "Kampung KB" to address this issue. The purpose of this research is to provide an overview of the participation of the people of “Kampung KB” Malang City. This study uses qualitative research with in-depth interviews, then analyzed using data triangulation. This research was conducted from September to December 2020. The research location was six “Kampung KB” in Malang City. The result of this research …

An Ecological Study Of Determinants Of The Incidence Of Tuberculosis In Malang Raya Area, Lucky Radita Alma, Vita Olivionita, Hartati Eko Wardani

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

The Malang Raya area (Batu City, Malang City, and Malang Regency) is one of the areas in East Java where the TB rate remains quite high. It is 3,461 cases in 2020. This study aimed to find out the correlation between coverage of healthy houses, coverage of households with healthy lifestyle, population density, air temperature, humidity, and rainfall with the incidence of tuberculosis in Malang Raya in 2021. The study used an ecological study design approach. Secondary data were collected from the Health Office and the Central Bureau of Statistics (Badan Pusat Statistika/BPS) of Malang City, Malang Regency and Batu …

Implementation Of Specific Nutrition Interventions To Prevent Stunting In Pregnant Women In The Oesapa Community Health Center Area East Nusa Tenggara, Septa Katmawanti, Oktavia Sri Wahyuni, Farah Paramita, Agung Kurniawan, Siti Khuzaimah

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Policies related to stunting prevention have been in place since 2013. However, the prevalence of stunting in East Nusa Tenggara Province is still the highest in Indonesia from 2013 to 2022. One of the areas in the province where the prevalence decreased from 2021 to 2022 is Kupang City. Oesapa Community Health Centre was appointed by the Indonesian Ministry of Health as a pilot health centre representing Kupang City. The purpose of this study is to describe the implementation of specific nutritional interventions for handling stunting based on the variables of communication, bureaucratic structure, resources, and disposition in the target …

Impact Of Infancy Conditions On Physical Growth Of Children Under-Five, Claudia Azhari, Yeni Mahwati, Yeni Suryamah, Arfian Hikmat Ramdan

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Children under five years old is the age group most vulnerable to several health problems. It is important to evaluate the impact of infancy condition on their physical growth. This research aimed to examine the impact of infancy condition on the physical growth of children under-five years old. The unmatched case-control study was conducted in Puskesmas Griya Antapani areas, Bandung from May to July, 2023. A total of 112 children aged under 5 years were included in this study (56 cases and 56 control). The analysis used multivariate logistic regression to determine adjusted odds ratios (OR). The results showed that …

Overview Smoking Behavior And Quality Of Life Of Sports Department Students, Faculty Of Sports Science, Universitas Negeri Malang, Windi Chusniah Rachmawati, Suci Puspita Ratih, Dian Mawarni, Aulia Rizqia Az Zahra, Chabibah Ilmiyah, Fatiya Rizka Putri, Nurmila Kurnia, Raden Roro Jasmine Zhafirah Pribadi, Zahra Rizki Novitasari

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

According to the results of the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) in 2021, there has been a considerable increase in the number of adult smokers over the past ten years, rising from 60.3 million in 2011 to 69.1 million in 2021, an increase of 8.8 million individuals. This study aims to compare the quality of life between actively smoking students and those who are exposed to passive smoking, examining their physical, psychological, social, and environmental health effects. The study utilized a sample of 100 respondents who completed a questionnaire on cigarette use and the WHOQOL quality of life assessment, covering …

The Effectivity Of Nutrition Education Using E-Booklet On Knowledge And Attitude About Anemia Among Adolescent Girls In Turen Malang, Farah Paramita, Windi Chusniah Rachmawati, Rany Ekawati, Haura Salwa Aulia Pherenis, Selsa Tri Septiani, Meisya Awaliahmunazila

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

One of the nutritional problems of adolescent female in Southeast Asia is iron deficiency anemia, with an estimated 25-40 percent of adolescent female experiencing mild to severe anemia. The impact of this on teenagers is a decline in academic abilities at school due to a lack of enthusiasm for learning and concentration on learning. This research aims to determine the effect of e-booklet anemia prevention media on young women at SMAN 1 Turen. This research uses an experimental method, namely a pre-experimental design with a one group pretest-posttest approach. The subjects of this research were 50 female students. The results …

Empowering Nonmedical Personnel To Detect Scabies In Endemic Area Using Deskab Instrument: A Diagnostic Study, Sandra Widaty, Aria Kekalih, Dewi Friska, Kusmarinah Bramono, Siti Maulidya Sari, Irene Darmawan, Yufanti Sujudi, David Dwiadiputra Hartanto, Emiliana Kartika, Nikken Rima Oktavia

Journal of General - Procedural Dermatology and Venereology Indonesia

Background: Scabies has been added to World Health Organization (WHO) list of neglected tropical disease in 2017. Various methods have been developed to control scabies in highly prevalent communities. In this study we conducted a diagnostic study to evaluate the performance of scabies detection by trained nonmedical personnel (NMP) using Deteksi Skabies (Deskab) instrument which has been validated for NMP.
Methods: Eight NMPs in a boarding school were trained to detect scabies using DeSkab instrument. The NMPs diagnosis were compared to diagnosis of 10 medical doctors. The study was conducted in a religion-affiliated boarding school in West Java, Indonesia. Both …

Getting Precise About Gender And Sex Measurement: A Primer For Epidemiologists, Arjee J. Restar, Elle Lett, Neia Prata Menezes, Andrea R. Molino, Tonia C. Poteat, Lorraine Dean, Jennifer L. Glick, Kellan E. Baker, S Wilson Cole

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Accurately measuring gender and sex is crucial in public health and epidemiology. Iteratively reexamining how variables-including gender and sex-are conceptualized and operationalized is necessary to achieve impactful research. Reexamining gender and sex advances epidemiology toward its goals of health promotion and disease elimination. While we cannot reduce the complexities of sex and gender to simply an issue of measurement, striving to capture these concepts and experiences accurately must be an ongoing dialogue and practice-to the benefit of the field and population health. We assert that epidemiology must counteract misconceptions and accurately measure gender and sex in epidemiology. We aim to …