Evaluating What Works: A Comparison Of Five Diabetes Prevention Programs For Latino Children, Ruchi Patel

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

Background: Children in the Rio Grande Valley (RGV) are at increased risk of diabetes due to limited access to effective, culturally appropriate prevention programs. Existing programs are often time-intensive, require transportation, and lack cultural relevance, reducing participation and impacting outcomes. This project aimed to evaluate diabetes prevention programs (DPPs) in the literature and identify five that may benefit children in the RGV by reducing diabetes risk.

Methodology: The Eightfold Path policy analysis approach guided this project. A literature review identified DPPs for children, and the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) was used to assess study quality. Limitations included difficulty finding …

Water Fluoridation: A Personal Perspective On The Effectiveness Of Community Water Fluoridation, William Chase Dds, Maom

The Journal of the Michigan Dental Association

This article offers Dr. William R. Chase's personal insights into community water fluoridation, emphasizing its effectiveness in preventing dental caries. It traces the discovery of fluoride's benefits back to Frederick McKay's 1901 observations and highlights the pivotal 1945 Grand Rapids Study, which demonstrated significant caries reduction, especially in younger age groups. Despite long-standing support from the American Dental Association, controversies regarding fluoride's safety persist, leading to recent state-level bans. Dr. Chase's experiences in countries without fluoridated water, where he observed severe decay and life-threatening cellulitis, underscore his belief in fluoride as a "miracle supplement" when properly utilized. The Michigan Dental …

Improving Health Outcome Through Mobile Clinics, Spatial Access, And Overdose Management: A Data-Driven Study Of People Who Inject Drugs, Individuals With Opioid Use Disorder, And College Students, Abass A. Babatunde

All Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Background

The opioid crisis remains a critical public health challenge in the United States. Mobile Health Clinics (MHCs) have emerged as a promising solution to bridge healthcare access gaps for these vulnerable populations, particularly for PWID and individuals with OUD in underserved and rural communities. Despite their potential, geographic disparities in MHC access and knowledge gaps in opioid overdose management and related diseases, including Hepatitis C Virus (HCV), remain significant barriers to care. This dissertation addresses three key dimensions of healthcare delivery for PWID, OUD populations, and college students: (1) barriers to MHC utilization for HCV screening and treatment …

Reentry For Formerly Incarcerated Individuals: A Focus On Workforce Reentry And Recidivism In Appalachia, Margaret E. Francisco

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Formerly incarcerated individuals face challenges to successful reentry, a critical component of reducing recidivism and improving public health outcomes. These challenges are particularly acute in rural Appalachia, where structural disadvantages such as limited economic opportunities, healthcare access, and public transportation intersect with stigma and systemic barriers related to prior incarceration. This dissertation addresses these gaps through a mixed-methods examination of reentry and recidivism, grounded in public health frameworks and focused on the unique context of rural Appalachia.

This work includes three studies. First, a PRISMA-guided systematic review synthesized qualitative research on barriers and facilitators to employment following incarceration. Findings highlighted …

Assessment Of Covid-19 Risks Related To Behaviour And Body Resistance In The Remote Area: Case Study In Jeneponto, Basri Basri, Andi Tilka Muftiah Ridjal, Lukman Setiawan, Renaldi M

Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

COVID-19 has posed significant global health threats, with responses varying across populations due to differences in risk perception, behaviour, and biological vulnerability. In Indonesia, most research has focused on urban settings, with limited attention paid to rural or remote communities. This study assesses COVID-19- risks related—specifically behavioural and immunity-related-factors—in the remote area of both Bontoramba Subdistrict, Jeneponto Regency. A cross-sectional study was conducted using cluster random sampling across eight villages, with 183 participants selected from a total of 12,242 households. Data were collected between November to December 2020 using a validated structured questionnaire, administered both online and face-to-face interviews. The …

Shifting From Crisis To Prevention: Community-Generated Materials From The Core Sipp Listening Sessions (Version 1), Camille Velarde, Mahtab Soleimani, Yvonnie Baik, Theresa Cruz

Reports & Documents

The Core State Injury Prevention Program (CORE SIPP) in New Mexico sought to understand how communities can prevent injury and violence before crisis occurs. In 2025, the University of New Mexico Prevention Research Center, in partnership with the New Mexico Department of Health, listened to service providers, advocates, and community leaders working with youth and families across the state. Participants described overlapping challenges, including poverty, unsafe housing, limited mental health care, transportation gaps, and a lack of safe spaces for young people, and emphasized that real prevention must start early and address families’ basic needs. From these sessions, community members …

A Model For Teaching Social Determinants Of Health In Doctor Of Physical Therapy Programs, Elise N. Bjork, Rupal M. Patel Pt, Phd, Rebecca Operacz, Deandrea B. Melvey, Luciano Garcia Iii

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to 1) describe the development and implementation of a novel educational module on social determinants of health (SDOH) for Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT) students, and 2) to assess the effectiveness of the module on altering DPT students’ knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and barriers in addressing SDOH. Methods: Drawing on current literature, content expert feedback, identity theory, and experiential learning theory, a two-hour module on SDOH was created and delivered at two universities. The Physical Therapy Social Determinants of Health Scale (PT-SDHS) was used to assess change in students’ knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and barriers …

Living In Fear: Be Empathetic (Life)-Tool Kit, Desiree A. Díaz, Heather Peralta, Samantha Stephenson, Danny Hernandez, Geraldine Luzincourt, Syretta Spears, Ann Marie Parker, Trysten Altamirano

Nursing Handouts, Tools, and Other Documents

Open source materials to immerse learners in rural and public health experiences are needed to ensure the new work force is equipped to care for a variety of people in differing circumstances. Public health remains a vital yet underemphasized component within healthcare education, specifically nursing education. This often limits opportunities for students to develop the skills necessary to become strong advocates for equity and systemic change. A

This project emerged from a commitment to provide experiential opportunities replicating the communities we serve. A Empathy Walk and LIFE Clinic (Díaz et al., 2025) was created as a strategy designed to engage …

Public Understanding Of And Engagement With Community Health Workers And Promotores De Salud: Findings From Two National Surveys, Elizabeth A. Rohan, Julie S. Townsend, Andrea Torres, Hope L. Thompson, Dawn M. Holman, Avid Reza, Felicia Solomon Tharpe, Erin Caple, Ashley Wennerstrom

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: Community health workers (CHWs) can improve health by helping people navigate health care services and systems and connecting them to community services that address nonmedical factors such as food insecurity, housing, and transportation. While CHWs have long been part of the US public health system, there are no data, to our knowledge, on the public's familiarity and interactions with CHWs. METHODS: We analyzed data from the 2022 Porter Novelli FallStyles and Estilos surveys, online market research surveys of the general public delivered in English (FallStyles) or primarily Spanish (Estilos). Each survey asked the same 4 questions on familiarity and …

State-Level Immigrant Policies And Diabetes Prevalence In Latino And Asian American Groups: A Weighted Multilevel Analysis, Md Towfiqul Alam, Jennifer Toller Erausquin, Erica Payton, Elizabeth Vásquez, Sandra Echeverria

Faculty Scholarship

Introduction: Growing literature has shown that immigrant-related policies influence population health by limiting or enhancing immigrants’ rights. However, less is known about the role of state-level immigrant policies shaping chronic health conditions such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM). This cross-sectional study examined the association between state-level immigrant policies (both criminalising and inclusive) and prevalence of T2DM among individuals of Latin American and Asian American origin.

Method: We included adults aged 18+years sampled in the 2014–2018 behavioral risk factor surveillance system (BRFSS) (n=201 824), a survey design that allows the calculation of state-level estimates. Using existing policy measures, states …

Mechanisms And Intermediate Outcomes Of A Community Translation To Adapt A Whole Family-Inclusive Lifestyle Intervention: A Pilot Evaluation, Megan J. Moran, Kimberly Padilla, Abby Neiser, Nicole Clark, Virginia Jimenez, Natalia Sanchez, Talia Thompson, Ana M. Gutierrez-Colina, Jesse Owen, Chesleigh Keene, Matthew A. Haemer, Lauren B. Shomaker

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Involving community members in the process of translating scientific evidence into health messaging and interventions can lead to improved health outcomes and more patient-centered healthcare. Community Translation (CT) is one methodology for fostering collaboration between researchers and community members, and it has been shown to result in locally relevant, acceptable solutions to health challenges. There has been very little research on the direct effects that participation may have on community members who become involved in CT. Understanding the mechanisms of CT and its outcomes on participating community members is essential to maximizing the potential of CT. To address this …

Ageing And Occupational Medicine In Indonesia: A Timely Integration For An Inclusive Workforce, Iqbal Mochtar

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

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Improving Hiv Nonoccupational Postexposure Prophylaxis Completion In Survivors Of Sexual Assault, Rebecca Aden

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Project Abstract

PURPOSE

This project aimed to increase adherence to HIV nonoccupational postexposure prophylaxis (nPEP) among adult survivors of sexual assault using a 24-hour nurse-led callback intervention to reinforce patient education and support treatment completion.

BACKGROUND

This project was implemented within a public healthcare system’s forensic nursing program. Sexual assault survivors face an elevated risk of HIV transmission, yet completion of the 28-day nPEP regimen often remains below 40%. Barriers to completion include limited understanding, gaps in follow-up, as well as psychosocial and socioeconomic challenges.

METHODOLOGY

The FADE QI framework was utilized for this project. The population included adult, non-incarcerated patients who …

Co-Design Of A Program For Medical Students’ Experiential Learning In Community-Engaged Research, Daenique H. A. Jengelley, Tess D. Weathers, Dustin O. Lynch, Morgan E. Ness, Luis Garcia, Gina E. Claxton, J. Dennis Fortenberry, Tamara S. Hannon

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

Medical education may lack experiential training on authentic community engagement (CE). Employing a human-centered design approach with medical faculty and students to identify goals, opportunities, needs, and barriers to implementing CE research, we developed an Experiential Community Engagement Learning Series (EXCELS) pilot program. EXCELS supported both our community partners and medical students as a platform from which to learn from each other. EXCELS can be accomplished virtually, incorporated in medical training, and disseminated broadly.

A Call To Arms: Community Water Fluoridation Is Under Attack In Florida And Elsewhere In The Us, Richard A. Mufson

SFDDA Newsletter

Editorial feature from lead editor, Dr. Richard Mufson

Positively Impacting Traffic Safety Culture For Indigenous Youth: A Heritage-Focused Approach, Jacob Steven Pehrson, Ahmed Abdel-Rahim, Logan Prescott

Journal of Community Engagement and Higher Education

This paper presents the development of heritage-focused outreach materials with the objectives of positively impacting traffic safety culture for Indigenous youth to reduce the number and severity of traffic crashes impacting these communities. The approach presented in this paper includes involving local community leaders in traffic safety education and incorporating culturally based material in outreach education. This could empower Tribal communities to preserve their cultural identities while acquiring the expertise needed to promote traffic safety.

Lsu Dental Students Provide Free Care To Homeless Through Ozanam Inn Partnership

New Orleans Dental Association News

LSU dental students provide free care to homeless individuals through a well-established student-run clinic at Ozanam Inn. Guided by faculty, the program offers hands-on experience, holistic service delivery, and compassionate outreach to New Orleans' underserved populations.

Alfred Russel Wallace Notes 37. What About Wallace On Vaccination . . . ?, Charles H. Smith

Faculty/Staff Personal Papers

Best known for his natural history studies on evolution and biogeography, Alfred Russel Wallace (1823−1913) had a significant second career as a social critic. One of his most controversial stances was his position on (smallpox) vaccination. Anti-vaxxers of the present frequently bring up his name as a resource for their side, but the situation is not so easily reducible to that.

Improving Colorectal Cancer Screening Referrals In A Rural Health Clinic, Kysha Mcbee

All Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) Scholarly Projects

Problem: Colorectal cancer is the second leading cause of cancer death in the United States. Preventive screening for colorectal cancer has been associated with early detection and improved 5-year survival rates. The referral rates for colorectal cancer screening at the practicum site were 17.7%, well below the national benchmarks of 71.8%.

Aim of the Project: The aim of this project was to increase the screening referral rates in adults aged 45 to 75 years by 50% over a ten-week period by implementing an evidence-based toolkit.

Review of the Evidence: Literature review highlighted barriers to colorectal cancer screening, such as knowledge …

Increasing Colorectal Cancer Screening Rates For Patients Without Insurance, Andrea F. Day

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States (U.S.), ranking as second most prevalent overall. Despite many initiatives, screening rates remain low, especially among clinic patients without insurance. The lack of an evidence-based screening protocol exacerbates these issues and increases the risk of advanced cancer and death. Initial data showed that 0% of patients were screened according to recommended guidelines.

Purpose: The project implemented a standard screening protocol to increase colorectal cancer screening rates in a rural Alabama free clinic for patients ages 45-64 lacking insurance.

Project Design: This quality improvement …

Utilizing Text Messaging To Increase Annual Mammogram Screening Compliance, Lacey B. Santa Cruz

Doctor of Nursing Practice Projects

Background: Routine mammography can lessen breast cancer deaths, but many patients do not follow the current screening guidelines. Limited access to mammography and insufficient awareness lead to missed screening appointments.

Purpose: The purpose of this Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) project was to improve annual mammogram adherence among women aged 40-74 by implementing an electronic medical record (EMR)-based text reminder system.

Project Design: Secondary patient data was collected from a privately owned, rural family practice clinic. Using the Mobilize-Assess-Plan-Implement-Track (MAP-IT) quality improvement framework, the project implemented a text message reminder intervention through the EMR. Eligible patients received a text reminder …

The Diabetes Prevention Program And Its Outcomes Study: Niddk's Journey Into The Prevention Of Type 2 Diabetes And Its Public Health Impact, Jill P Crandall, Dana Dabelea, William C Knowler, David M Nathan, Marinella Temprosa, Dpp Research Group

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

The current-day epidemic of type 2 diabetes, largely driven by increased adiposity and reduced physical activity in the setting of genetic susceptibility, is a major public health challenge. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) presciently proposed the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP), a multicenter randomized clinical trial, designed by investigators in conjunction with NIDDK staff and initiated in 1996. The primary goal of DPP was to determine whether an intensive lifestyle intervention (ILS) or metformin in comparison with placebo would reduce the development of diabetes in a high-risk population with prediabetes. After mean 2.8 years, ILS …

Too Sweet To Ignore: How Ssb Intake And Physical Inactivity Affect Bmi In Malang’S Student Population, Indana Tri Rahmawati, Nurnaningsih Herya Ulfah, Anggi Renawati, Yuvica Novita Gunawan

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

The growing incidence of overweight and obesity in young adults has been closely associated with unhealthy lifestyle habits, particularly the high intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) and low levels of physical activity. College students are especially at risk due to lifestyle changes that occur during their university experience. This research aims to investigate the SSB consumption patterns, physical activity levels, and their correlation with Body Mass Index (BMI) among university students in Malang City. A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with 382 active students chosen through accidental sampling. Data were obtained using an online questionnaire shared through student networks …

Scoring System For Screening Fitness To Work For Offshore And Onshore Remote Area Worker, Kasyunnil Kamal

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

Background: About 10-15% of medical examinations of workers at upstream oil and gas companies are not conducted properly. In some cases, workers die at worksites. Many doctors carrying out the assessment lack the competency to assess occupational risks. In this study, we developed a scoring system for ‘fitness for work’ assessment, which can be used by trained doctors.

Methods: Diagnostic testing was done with comparing the results of the determination screening fitness for work using a scoring system with the determine fitness for work results by Occupational Medicine Specialist as a gold standard in the same group. The entire 607 …

Diarrhea Risk Factors Of Toddlers In Jember District, 2022, Annisa Fitrah Aini, Yunus Ariyanto, Adistha Eka Noveyani

Preventia: The Indonesian Journal of Public Health

Diarrhea is a disease characterized by passing feces three or more times a day. The occurrence of diarrhea is also influenced by sociodemographic factors (nutritional status) and environmental factors (access to clean water, access to sanitary latrines, and living in flood-prone areas). The purpose of this research focuses on finding risk factors for diarrhea and mapping the risk factors of diarrhea. This study used an ecological study design, in which the population is all sub-districts in Jember. Secondary data were used in this research. The data were analyzed using statistical correlation analysis using SPSS and mapping using GIS software. The …

The Effect Of Blue Light Filter Lens Glasses On The Occurrence Of Asthenopia Symptoms In Visual Display Terminal Users, Arif Hening Mustikaningrum, Dewi Sumaryani Soemarko, Indah Suci Widyahening

Occupational and Environmental Medicine Journal of Indonesia

The widespread use of Visual Display Terminals (VDTs) is associated with visual and musculoskeletal complaints, particularly Asthenopia, which may reduce productivity. A 32-year-old female financial worker presented with eye discomfort, including sore eyes, blurred vision, dizziness, and twitching on her left temple, particularly during extended computer use. The symptoms were relieved with rest. Most VDTs now use Light Emitting Diodes, which emit more blue light than LCDs and may cause eye fatigue and disrupt sleep. Currently, blue light filter lenses are available in the market, however, further study of existing scientific publications is necessary to ensure the effectiveness of blue …

Determinan Perilaku Minum Tablet Tambah Darah Pada Remaja Putri Menurut Health Belief Model: Studi Kualitatif, Tuti Surtimanah, Irfan Nafis Sjamsuddin

Perilaku dan Promosi Kesehatan: Indonesian Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior

Background. In 2018, 48.9% of adolescent girls in Indonesia were diagnosed with anemia. Knowledge about the definition, symptoms, and prevention of anemia, including the correct use of Iron Supplement Tablets (IST), is essential in the prevention of anemia. A deeper understanding of these behaviors is necessary to formulate effective educational messages. The Health Belief Model (HBM) is often used to explore and understand preventive behaviors.

Aim. To explore the determinants and practices of IST consumption among adolescent girls.

Method. This descriptive qualitative study used a phenomenological approach. Participants were selected purposively from adolescent girls. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, …

Transforming Primary Care: Innovative Post Graduate Pa Training For Real-World Solutions, Kenneth Botelho, James Ali

Lynchburg Journal of Medical Science

The ongoing crisis in primary care demands innovative and scalable strategies to prepare and retain advanced practice providers. This article introduces the Primary Care Practitioner (PCP) Program, a conceptual postgraduate training model designed for certified physician associates/assistants (PAs) who aim to serve in underserved and rural communities. The program integrates advanced clinical training, leadership development, telehealth competencies, VR-enhanced simulation, and evidence-based strategies to promote provider resilience. Rooted in systems-based thinking and real-world applicability, the PCP Program culminates in capstone projects that encourage innovation in care delivery and population health.

Aligned with national frameworks such as the HRSA Primary Care Training …

Factors Contributing To Low Back Pain Among Field Workers In Tanzania, Gerson De Leone, Don Noval, Amany Lorino, Ryan Lorino, Ruth Kajiru Nyika, Sozina Katuli

Adventist Human-Subject Researchers Association

Working in rice fields presents challenges to health that have grave consequences beyond back pain. Men and women in Kihurio village engage on a series of rice planting activities that affect the back. This study explores the factors to back problem in Tanzania and thrives to Identify corrective measures.

Profiling Of Physical Activity Usage In Selected Urban Green Spaces In Marikina City, Trizsa Jasmin C. Ty, Alberto L. Dimarucut, Camille B. Castro, Danielle Naomi L. Uy

CSID Journal of Infrastructure Development

Urban Green Spaces (UGS) play an important role in providing opportunities for physical activity in urbanized cities. This observational cross-sectional study aims to profile two selected UGS, namely Marikina River Park and Marikina Heights Park Complex, in Marikina City, in the context of their use for physical activity and recreation. Interviews with two government officials were conducted to collect data on the historical background of the selected parks. Systematic observation, using the System for Observation of Play and Recreation in Communities tool, was conducted to observe park visitors and their physical activity for four days in each park. Each park’s …