Public Health Commons^™

Global, Regional, And National Burden Of Cardiovascular Diseases And Risk Factors In 204 Countries And Territories, 1990-2023, Global Burden Of Cardiovascular Diseases And Risks 2023 Collaborators, Mohammadreza Abbasian

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of mortality and are among the foremost causes of disability globally. CVD burden has continued to increase in most countries since 1990, with trends driven by changing exposures to harmful risk factors, population growth, and population aging.

OBJECTIVES: We report estimates of global, national, and subnational CVD burden, including 18 subdiseases and 12 associated modifiable risk factors. We analyzed change in CVD burden from 1990 to 2023 and identified drivers of change including population growth, population aging, and risk factor exposure.

METHODS: The Global Burden of Disease (GBD) 2023 study, a multinational …

Lung Nr3c1+ And Cxcr6high T Cells Distinguish Immunopathogenesis Of Human Emphysema, Yun Zhang, Maor Sauler, David B Corry, Scott A Ochsner, Sarah Perusich, Li-Zhen Song, Joshua Malo, Raul San Jose Estepar, Francesca Polverino, Farrah Kheradmand

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

There is a significant knowledge gap in how T cells promote emphysema in smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA seq) analysis of human samples and relevant clinical data can provide new mechanistic insights into disease pathogenesis. We generated a human lung scRNA seq dataset with extensive disease characteristic annotation and analyzed a second independent scRNA seq dataset to examine the pathophysiological role of T cells in emphysema. Comparisons of pulmonary immune landscapes in emphysematous (E)-COPD, non-emphysematous (NE)-COPD, and control showed positive enrichment of T cells in E-COPD. Pathway analyses identified upregulated inflammatory states in CD4 …

Practice Patterns In Management Of Low- To Intermediate-Grade Salivary Gland Carcinoma: A Multi-Institutional Study, Mirabelle Sajisevi, Kenny Nguyen, Peter Callas, Andrew Holcomb, Emre Vural, Kyle Davis, Carissa Thomas, John Stein, Ameya Asarkar, Ricardo Aulet, Rebecca Bell, Michael Blasco, Vanessa Bowmaster, Clayton Burruss, Jeffson Chung, Kimberly Chan, Brent Chang, Charles Coffey, David Cognetti, Dylan Cooper, Joehassin Cordero, John Donovan, Yue Jennifer Du, Yusuf Dundar, Rogerio Dedivitis, Heather Edwards, Boban Erovic, Antoine Eskander, Philip Feinberg, Emily Garvey, David Goldstein, Joseph Goodman, Rafael Goulart, Neerav Goyal, Stefan Grasl, Jonathan Giurintano, Nikita Gupta, Andy Habib, Trevor Hackman, Jared Hara, Christina Henson, Michael Hinni, Nadia Hua, Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki, Aditya Juloori, Noah Kalman, Alexandra Kejner, Sobia Khaja, Jamie Ku, Arnaud Lambert, Bao Luu, Kelly Magliocca, Luiz Medina Dos Santos, Cara Michael, Brett Miles, Giulianno De Melo, Michael Moore, Gregoire Morand, Kauê Moura, Hesameddin Noroozi, Rusha Patel, Joseph Paydarfar, Karolina Plonowska-Hirschfeld, Nader Sadeghi, Fabrice Savaria, Nicole Schmitt, Justin Shapiro, Timothy Shaver, Sandro Stoeckli, William Stokes, Anita Sulibhavi, Jason Tasoulas, Varun Vendra, Daniel Vinh, Celina Virgen, Neil Woody, Geoffrey Young, Kiran Kakarala, Danny Enepekides, Michael Hier, Louise Davies, William Ryan

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVES: To characterize practice patterns and outcomes in the management of low- and intermediate-grade salivary gland carcinoma prior to the existence of treatment guidelines.

METHODS: Analysis of a registry of patients who underwent parotid and submandibular gland resections for low-and intermediate-grade carcinomas between 2010 and 2019.

RESULTS: Of all 786 patients included in the study, 726 (92%) had preoperative imaging and 653 (83%) had preoperative biopsy. Of the 729 patients with parotid gland cancer, the majority underwent superficial (n = 384, 53%) or total (n = 254, 35%) parotidectomy. In patients with facial nerve preservation, total parotidectomy was …

Low Unintended Dural Puncture Rate Using A Flush-Measure-Check-Advance Technique To Perform Combined Spinal-Epidural Anesthesia In Parturients: A Quality Improvement Clinical Series, James Riopelle, Julie Gayle, Zubaer Anwar, Jeff Burton

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Reported rates of unintended dural puncture during performance of continuous epidural anesthesia (CEA) or combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA) have remained steady at approximately 0.5% to 1% since the 1970s. Methods: A modified method of inserting the Tuohy epidural catheterization needle was used during performance of CSEA in 393 parturients. A single staff/faculty anesthesiologist performed or supervised resident use of a flush-measure-check-advance Tuohy needle insertion algorithm. Results: The rate of evident Tuohy needle dural puncture during the series was 0%. One parturient experienced a post-dural puncture headache possibly because of intentional subarachnoid puncture with a very small diameter (25 gauge) …

Occupational Health Equity: A Call To Consider Social-Structural Factors In Injury Prevention Research, Shannon Guillot-Wright, Elizabeth S Mcclure, Marizen R Ramirez, Alexis Grimes Trotter, David B Richardson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Occupational health equity scholarship has been growing over the past decade, including social-structural determinants of health research that centres the voices and experiences of historically marginalised communities. In our commentary, we focus on the intersection of work-related and non-work-related factors and how they impact the health of workers, their families and their communities through community-engaged research. Case studies include the implementation of mobile clinics that are developed alongside communities, community organising to examine and reduce health disparities among racially segregated workers, the development of research instruments and measures to study racism and discrimination, and a focus on how the distribution …

“Not Today”: Overcoming Prep Hesitancy, Stigma, And Adherence Barriers With Lenacapavir, Margaret Conrad, Meredith Clement

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Sars-Cov-2 Nsp13 Interacts With Tead To Suppress Hippo-Yap Signaling, Fansen Meng, Jong Hwan Kim, Chang-Ru Tsai, Jeffrey D Steimle, Jun Wang, Yufeng Shi, Rich G Li, Bing Xie, Vaibhav Deshmukh, Shijie Liu, Xiao Li, James F Martin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The Hippo pathway controls organ development, homeostasis, and regeneration primarily by modulating YAP/TEAD-mediated gene expression. Although emerging studies report Hippo-YAP dysfunction after viral infection, it is largely unknown in the context of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we analyzed RNA sequencing data from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) and SARS-CoV-2-infected human lung samples, and observed a decrease in YAP target gene expression. In screening SARS-CoV-2 nonstructural proteins, we found that nonstructural protein 13 (NSP13), a conserved coronavirus helicase, inhibits YAP transcriptional activity independent of the upstream Hippo kinases LATS1/2. Consistently, introducing NSP13 into mouse cardiomyocytes suppresses …

Enflonsia (Clesrovimab-Cfor): A New Era In Rsv Protection For Infants, Katherine Ghattas Pharmd, Rileigh Smith Pharmd, Amanda Rawa Pharmd

Transformative Medicine

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a leading cause of serious lung infections in infants and young children, especially during the winter months. For decades, preventative options were limited, costly, or only available to babies at high-risk. The FDA approved Enflonsia (clesrovimab-cfor) in June 2025, given as a single injection to protect infants thorough their first RSV season. Since it is designed for broader infant use and can be distributed through programs such as Vaccines for Children, Enflonsia may help close long-standing gaps in RSV prevention.

Associations Between Individual And Structural Level Discrimination And Psychological And Physiological Stress Indicators During Pregnancy, Özlü Aran, Melissa Nevarez-Brewster, Kimberly D'Anna-Hernandez, Julia Dmitrieva, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn, Elysia Poggi Davis

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

In the United States (U.S.) pervasive health disparities in prenatal care disproportionately impact marginalized individuals. The present study investigates whether discrimination at the individual and structural levels are associated with indicators of psychological and physiological stress among pregnant Latinx people living in the U.S., including both U.S. and foreign-born individuals. Pregnant participants (n = 109) reported on birthplace, lifetime experiences of racial and ethnic discrimination, perceived levels of stress, acculturation, social support, and provided residential address data and hair samples for cortisol analysis. Regression analysis revealed that individual level discrimination was linked to higher psychological stress during pregnancy ( …

Alleviating Social And Psychological Ill-Being Research & Evaluation (Aspire) Study: Implementing An Act-Based Pathway For Patients In Primary Care, Monica C. Perez, Deepu George, Maria Hernandez, J. Garza, S. Solis

Research Colloquium

The Alleviating Social and Psychological Ill-being Research and Evaluation (ASPIRE) Study addresses a critical care gap for patients in the Rio Grande Valley by increasing access to behavioral health services within primary care. Psychosocial distress - including anxiety, depression, and lack of social support - negatively affects health outcomes and contributes to health disparities. The ASPIRE Study evaluates the impact of an Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT)-based Psychological Flexibility (PF) Pathway on emotional well-being, systemic inflammation, and care engagement among patients in primary care settings.

Fortify Resilience A Multi-Level Approach To Mitigating Burnout And Promoting Well-Being In Physician Residents, Monica C. Perez, Yvette K. Cantu Cazares, M. Hernandez, Deepu George

Research Colloquium

The Fortify Resilience initiative is a multi-level program designed to cultivate and sustain a culture of well-being for Residents and Fellows (R/Fs) at The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV) School of Medicine’s (SOM) Graduate Medical Education (GME) residency and fellowship programs. This initiative addresses burnout and invests in well-being at individual, group, and institutional levels through three core drivers: Access Strategy, Empowerment Initiatives, and System Redesign.

Regional Disparities In The Diagnostic Age Of Skin Carcinomas: An Analysis Of The Rio Grande Valley, Miguel A. Lopez, Natasha Quailes, Elias Arellano Villanueva, Maria Villegas

Research Colloquium

The Rio Grande Valley (RGV) is a region of South Texas with limited dermatologic diagnostic data, particularly among non-melanoma skin carcinomas. The rising rates of chronic conditions and mortality can be attributed to the limited access to healthcare in the region, with skin conditions taking less priority in patients with numerous comorbidities. Data on the age of diagnosis for skin carcinomas between 1995-2019 for Hispanic and non-Hispanic individuals was obtained from the Texas Cancer Registry. It is important to note that the TCR considers primary skin cancers, such as basal and squamous cell carcinoma coded as C44.0-C44.9, as non-reportable cases. …

An Analysis Of The Diagnostic Age Of Skin Carcinomas Across Central Texas, Miguel A. Lopez, Natasha Quailes, Elias Arellano Villanueva, Hamaad Gohar, Maria Villegas

Research Colloquium

Patients seeking healthcare in medically underserved regions often require travel to larger metropolitan hubs across the state of Texas. The Rio Grande Valley (RGV) is home to many such patients who often travel to central Texas for care, which compounds expense and inconvenience. Pockets of central Texas have been reported to have an increased number of dermatologists per 100,000 people. Bexar county ranks among the five most populous counties in the state, with increased access to dermatologic care compared to nearby regions. Using data from the Texas Cancer Registry, this project aims to identify the mean (M) age of diagnosis …

Cerebral Malaria In Chad- A Case Report Series, Megan W. Szobody, Blaise Djomg Yang, Noel Johnson, Kelsey Potter-Baker

Research Colloquium

Malaria is a serious disease caused by various species of the Plasmodium genus. Among these, Plasmodium falciparum is widely considered the most dangerous, due to its ability to infect both young and mature red blood cells (RBCs). Malarial disease, caused primarily by P. falciparum, is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, and notably in Chad, accounting for over 10,000 deaths each year and with an incidence rate of over 3 million. Anyone can acquire falciparum malaria after being bitten by infected anopheles mosquitoes, but in pregnant women and young children, this disease is often deadly. A …

Expanding The Integrated Behavioral Health Workforce: The Interdisciplinary Integrated Primary And Behavioral Healthcare (I2pbh) Initiative, Maria Hernandez, J. Garza, Monica C. Perez, Deepu George

Research Colloquium

The I2PBH initiative offers a multi-faceted training model that integrates graduate coursework, technology-based education, and hands-on clinical experience. Students receive foundational and advanced instruction in the PCBH model, including brief evidence-based interventions, team-based care principles, population-based approaches, and culturally responsive practices. Trainees participate in interprofessional training within primary care settings under supervision, gaining exposure to the real-time pace and complexity of integrated behavioral health care.

Expanding Access To Behavioral Healthcare Through Workforce Development: Primary Care Behavioral Health Partnerships Advancing & Transforming Health Sciences (Pcbh Paths), Maria Hernandez, J. Garza, Monica C. Perez, Deepu George

Research Colloquium

PCBH PATHS is a multi-disciplinary training initiative that aims to impact 2,004 clinician learners, including 1,106 primary care provider (PCP) trainees, 818 mental health provider (MHP) trainees, and 80 PCP/MHP practitioners. Since 2019, PCBH has been implemented clinically and educationally in Family Medicine and Ob/Gyn residency programs to improve access to whole-health services and enhance provider competencies in delivering integrated care. Through a population health lens, PCBH PATHS equips care teams to manage conditions such as depression, chronic pain, diabetes, and substance use disorders. Its approach includes clinic readiness assessments, leadership engagement, workflow mapping, adapted training modules, and wellness programs …

Community Health Partnership Centers: Strengthening Access To Care In Underserved Communities, Lubeth Pérez, Miguel Jimenez, Xavier Duran, Leonel Vela

Research Colloquium

Purpose: The Community Health Partnership Centers were created through a shared vision and collaboration between UTRGV and its community partners to address health disparities in the Rio Grande Valley. Located in La Victoria, San Carlos, and Southmost, these centers provide accessible, affordable care embedded within neighborhoods that have historically faced barriers to healthcare. As part of the UTRGV School of Medicine’s mission to transform the health of the Rio Grande Valley through innovative education, community service, and high-quality, patient-centered care, the centers also serve as clinical training sites designed to cultivate a diverse healthcare workforce that is informed by and …

Continuous Glucose Monitoring Versus Self-Monitoring For Patients With Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Prayuth Poowaruttanawiwit, Kwanchai Rattanamanee, Nonnachanok Chaiyot, Saranpreeya Srisinroongruang

The Thai Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences

Background: Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) require intensive glucose monitoring to achieve optimal glycemic control and prevent complications. While self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) has long been the standard approach, continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) offers real-time data and trend analysis that may enhance clinical decision-making.

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate whether CGM provides superior glycemic outcomes compared with SMBG in individuals with T1DM.

Materials and Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted following preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses guidelines. Four randomized controlled trials involving T1DM patients using either CGM or SMBG were included. …

Validation Of The Jefferson Health-Related Social Needs Screener, Sara Beachy, Kristin L. Rising, Richard W. Hass, Terry Hyslop, Isabella Muti, Mackenzie Kemp, Rhea E. Powell, Cara Martino, Baligh R. Yehia, Joseph G. Cacchione, Patricia C. Henwood

Jefferson Hospital Staff Papers and Presentations

INTRODUCTION: Screening for health-related social needs (HRSN) is a growing national health priority. While multiple HRSN screening tools currently exist, none to our knowledge have been evaluated using robust statistical analyses. The goal of this work is to provide results from a validation study of the Jefferson HRSN screener conducted across inpatient and outpatient settings.

METHODS: This retrospective cross-sectional psychometric study included HRSN assessments conducted across inpatient and outpatient settings with adult patients from March 2023 to May 2024. The study was conducted across a 17-hospital academic health system serving a diverse community in a 9-county area crossing two states …

Medical Guidelines For Fibrodysplasia Ossificans Progressiva, Frederick S. Kaplan, Mona Al Mukaddam, Genevieve Baujat, Alberto Hidalgo Bravo, Matthew Brown, Amanda Cali, Tae-Joon Cho, Corrie Crowe, Carmen L. De Cunto, Patricia L. R. Delai, Robert J. Diecidue, Elisabeth Marelise W Eekhoff, Lisa Friedlander, Clive S. Friedman, Zvi Grunwald, Nobuhiko Haga, Edward C. Hsiao, Richard Keen, Joseph A. Kitterman, Charles Levy, Vrisha Madhuri, Rolf Morhart, J. Coen Netelenbos, Christiaan Scott, Eileen M. Shore, Michael Zasloff, Keqin Zhang, Robert J. Pignolo

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Faculty Papers

Fibrodysplasia ossificans progressiva (FOP) is an ultra-rare genetic condition characterized by congenital malformations of the great toes and progressive heterotopic ossification (HO) in specific anatomic patterns. Present management summarized here is focused on early diagnosis, assiduous avoidance of injury and iatrogenic harm, symptomatic amelioration of painful flare-ups, and optimization of residual function. Twenty-one members of the International Clinical Council on FOP (ICC) and seven consultants from 15 countries, chosen for their clinical expertise in FOP, developed this summary statement. Further advances in therapeutics will be based on rigorous clinical trials to assess novel and emerging treatment and prevention strategies. A …

Two Essays On Health And Health Behavior In China, Jiamin Tan

Lingnan Theses (MPhil & PhD)

This thesis consists of two empirical studies on elderly mental health and on health behaviors. The first study investigates the long-term impact of childhood hunger on mental health in later life, using data from two nationally representative surveys in China. The study finds that childhood hunger exposure significantly increases the risks of depression and anxiety in later life. These effects are most pronounced among individuals exposed after age 5, suggesting that autobiographical memory formation plays an important role beyond socioeconomic and health pathways. The findings further indicate these impacts can be mitigated through economic interventions, such as welfare programs, and …

Trends And Disparities In Acute Coronary Syndrome-Related Mortality In The United States: Implications For Healthcare, Muhammad Khuzzaim Khan, Ibrahim Ahmed Khan, Abdul Moiz Javed, Arslan Wazir, Hira Saleem, Muhammad Zohaib, Faisal Rasheed, Priyanka Mohan Lal, Syeda Laiba Sherazi, Amiaz Karim, Nikhil Duseja, Hussam Al Hennawi

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States (US). However, the trends and disparities in ACS mortality are not well understood. This study aimed to analyze the ACS mortality in the US from 1999 to 2020 using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Wide-Ranging Online Data for Epidemiologic Research database. The age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMR) due to ACS were calculated for each year from 1999 to 2020, stratified by sex, race, urbanization, and state. The trends and disparities in AAMR were examined using descriptive statistics and graphical methods. The AAMR due …

Delayed Diagnosis Of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Presenting As Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: A Case For Heightened Clinical Suspicion, Diana Acosta Pozo, Luis Álvarez Pérez

Research Colloquium

Background: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by multisystem involvement, including hematologic manifestations. Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA), though an established feature, is relatively uncommon and may occur early or in isolation. When AIHA presents without overt systemic symptoms, the underlying autoimmune etiology may be overlooked, resulting in delays in diagnosis and treatment. Prompt recognition is essential to prevent unnecessary interventions and prolonged morbidity.

Case Presentation: A 39-year-old woman residing in Texas presented to the Rheumatology office with persistent synovitis and severe transfusion-dependent anemia, requiring red blood cell transfusions every 48 hours for over three months. She …

A Puzzling Case Of Visual Disturbances Leads To A Fatal Neurodegenerative Diagnosis, Courtney J. Austin, Aaron Carrillo, Jennifer Rojas Huen, Victoria Parada

Research Colloquium

Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare neurodegenerative disease in which early diagnosis is complicated by the presence of early non-specific and atypical presentations. Sporadic CJD (sCJD), the most common type of CJD, is caused by the spread of a disease-forming prion known as PrPSc. PrPSc multiplies and binds to the normal form of prion, or PrP, converting it to an abnormal, structurally altered disease form that spreads throughout the brain. sCJD can initially present with six different phenotypes: cognitive, affective, classic, visual (Heidenhain variant), atactic (Oppenheimer-Brownell variant), and indeterminate. The classic presentation of CJD includes rapidly progressive dementia with …

Material Hardship And Postpartum Depression: The Moderating Role Of Social Support Across Family Structures, Christine Pham, Chantal Uzoma, Monica Perez

Research Colloquium

Background: Economic hardship is a significant risk factor for postpartum depression (PPD), a condition with lasting impacts on maternal and child well-being (Agrawal et al., 2022). Although social support is theorized to buffer stress, little is known about whether its protective effects on PPD differ by family structure (Wang et al., 2023).

Objective: The objective of the current study is to examine whether higher social support moderates the association between material hardship and postpartum depression among new mothers and whether this relationship varies across marital status groups (married, cohabiting, single).

Methods: Data will be drawn from Wave 1 of the …

A Case Study Of Long-Term Disease Burden In A Rural Community Near An Open Burn Facility, Arundhati Bakshi, Liana Baconguis, Md Abdullah Al-Mamun, Qingzhao Yu, Jennifer Richmond-Bryant, Stephania A. Cormier

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Open burning and open detonation (OB/OD) of explosive and hazardous wastes creates various toxic waste products, including particulate matter, that is released into the atmosphere and capable of generating significant health impacts upon exposure. The last commercially run OB/OD thermal treatment facility in operation in the United States is located near the rural community of Colfax in central Louisiana. To evaluate the community’s concerns about the potential health impacts from air pollution due to the facility’s regular open burning of explosive and hazardous wastes, we examined the disease burden in Colfax compared to the surrounding parish and state. In a …

Allosteric Control Overcomes Steric Limitations For Neutralizing Antibodies Targeting Conserved Binding Epitopes Of The Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein: Exploring The Intersection Of Binding, Allostery, And Immune Escape With A Multimodal Computational Approach, Mohammed Alshahrani, Vedant Parikh, Brandon Foley, Gennady M. Verkhivker

Mathematics, Physics, and Computer Science Faculty Articles and Research

Understanding the atomistic basis of multi-layer mechanisms employed by broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies of the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein without directly blocking receptor engagement remains an important challenge in coronavirus immunology. Class 4 antibodies represent an intriguing case: they target a deeply conserved, cryptic epitope on the receptor-binding domain yet exhibit variable neutralization potency across subgroups F1 (CR3022, EY6A, COVA1-16), F2 (DH1047), and F3 (S2X259). The molecular basis for this variability is not fully understood. Here, we employed a multi-modal computational approach integrating atomistic and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations, binding free energy calculations, mutational scanning, and dynamic network analysis to elucidate …

Effect Of Vitamin D Supplementation During Pregnancy And Lactation On The Development Of Infants Born To Tanzanian Women Living With Hiv: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomised Controlled Trial, Temiwunmi Shobanke, Alfa Muhihi, Nandita Perumal Phd, Nzovu Ulenga, Fadhlun M. Alwy Al-Beity, Christopher P. Duggan, Wafaie W. Fawzi, Karim P. Manji, Christopher R. Sudfeld

Faculty Publications

Background Infants born to pregnant women living with HIV (WLHIV) are at greater risk for morbidity and mortality and may also have poorer developmental outcomes as compared with infants who are not exposed to HIV. Nutrition interventions in pregnancy may affect developmental outcomes.

Objectives This study evaluated the effect of maternal vitamin D supplementation on infant development outcomes.

Design We conducted a secondary analysis of a randomised, triple-blind, placebo-controlled trial of maternal vitamin D supplementation from June 2015 to October 2019.

Setting Antenatal care clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Participants Pregnant WLHIV and their offspring.

Interventions Daily 3000 IU …

Genome-Wide Association Study Meta-Analysis Uncovers Novel Genetic Variants Associated With Olfactory Dysfunction, Mohammed Aslam Imtiaz, Konstantinos Melas, Adrienne Tin, Valentina Talevi, Honglei Chen, Myriam Fornage, Srishti Shrestha, Martin Gögele, David Emmert, Cristian Pattaro, Peter Pramstaller, Franz Förster, Katrin Horn, Thomas H Mosley, Christian Fuchsberger, Markus Scholz, Monique M B Breteler, N Ahmad Aziz

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Olfactory dysfunction is among the earliest signs of many age-related neurodegenerative diseases and has been associated with increased mortality in older adults; however, its genetic basis remains largely unknown. Therefore, here we aimed to elucidate its genetic architecture through a genome-wide association study meta-analysis (GWMA).

Methods: This GWMA included the participants of European ancestry (N = 22,730) enrolled in four different large population-based studies followed by a multi-ancestry GWMA including participants of African ancestry (N = 1,030). Olfactory dysfunction was assessed using a 12-item smell identification test.

Results: GWMA revealed a novel genome-wide significant locus (tagged by single nucleotide …

Obesity Severity And Cancer Screening In Us Adults, Florina Corpodean, Michael Kachmar, Shengping Yang, Michael W. Cook, Philip R. Schauer, Vance L. Albaugh

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.