Public Health Commons^™

‘Ripple’ Effect On Infant Zbmi Trajectory Of An Internet-Based Weight Loss Program For Low-Income Postpartum Women, S. Phelan, T. A. Hagobian, A. Ventura, A. Brannen, K. Erickson-Hatley, A. Schaffner, K. Muñoz-Christian, S. Mercado, D. F. Tate

Kinesiology and Public Health

Background: Weight loss interventions can have positive ‘ripple’ effects on untreated partners in the home, but ripple effects on infants are unknown.

Objective: To examine whether a 12-month internet-based weight loss intervention for postpartum mothers had a positive ripple effect on participants’ infants.

Methods: A 12-month cluster randomized, assessor-blind, clinical trial enrolling 371 postpartum women at 12 Women, Infants, Children clinics in CA. Clinics were randomized to standardWomen, Infants, Children or an internet-based weight loss intervention for mothers.

Results: A total of 333 of the 371 (89.8%) mothers assented for infant participation. Infants were 5.3 ± 3.2 months; 75.9% were …

Méthodologie Innovante Pour La Caractérisation Des Matériaux Acoustiques En Laboratoire Et Étude De Son Applicabilité Sur Le Terrain, Olivier Robin, Celse Kafui Amédin, Noureddine Atalla, Olivier Doutres, Franck Sgard

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Au Québec, la surdité professionnelle constitue la seconde maladie en importance, selon le nombre de cas, à être indemnisée par la Commission des normes, de l’équité, de la santé et de la sécurité du travail (CNESST). Le bruit accroît également le risque d’accidents en masquant les signaux avertisseurs, en réduisant l’intelligibilité des échanges et en augmentant la fatigue des travailleurs. Diminuer le bruit permet de réduire les cas de surdité professionnelle et les coûts qui y sont associés, mais aussi de limiter la contribution de ce facteur aux accidents du travail, tout en améliorant la qualité de vie des …

Biostatistics, Epidemiology, And Environmental Heath Sciences Department News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Collaborates on Examining Cervical Cancer Screening Adherence in the U.S.

• Georgia Southern looked at a more efficient sampling method of recruiting subjects for survival analysis.

Health Policy And Community Health Department News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern reports on Impact of Local Boards of Health on Local Health Department PHAB Accreditation and its Prerequisites

• New administrator appointments in Georgia Southern’s Jiann-Ping Hsu College of Public Health

Maxent Estimation Of Aquatic Escherichia Coli Stream Impairment, Dennis Gilfillan, Timothy Andrew Joyner, Phillip R. Scheuerman

ETSU Faculty Works

Background: The leading cause of surface water impairment in United States’ rivers and streams is pathogen contamination. Although use of fecal indicators has reduced human health risk, current approaches to identify and reduce exposure can be improved. One important knowledge gap within exposure assessment is characterization of complex fate and transport processes of fecal pollution. Novel modeling processes can inform watershed decision-making to improve exposure assessment.

Methods: We used the ecological model, Maxent, and the fecal indicator bacterium Escherichia coli to identify environmental factors associated with surface water impairment. Samples were collected August, November, February, and May for 8 …

Maxent Estimation Of Aquatic Escherichia Coli Stream Impairment, Dennis Gilfillan, Timothy A. Joyner, Phillip Scheuerman

ETSU Faculty Works

Background.The leading cause of surface water impairment in United States’ rivers and streams is pathogen contamination. Although use of fecal indicators has reduced human health risk, current approaches to identify and reduce exposure can be improved. One important knowledge gap within exposure assessment is characterization of complex fate and transport processes of fecal pollution. Novel modeling processes can inform watershed decision-making to improve exposure assessment.

Frequency Of Bloodstream Infection In Febrile Neutropenic Patients, Experience From A Developing Country, Basit Siddiqui, Rabeea Azmat, Shiyam Sunder Tikmani, Shumaila Rafi, Beenish Syed, Muhammad Tahir Khan, Hareem Rehman, Saleemullah Paracha

Section of Nephrology

Introduction: About 20% of febrile neutropenic patients are presented with bloodstream infection which is a leading cause of mortality among these patients. Awareness of the locally prevalent pathogens and their susceptibility pattern is important for proper treatment of infection which improves survival in these patients. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of bloodstream infection in patients with febrile neutropenia admitted in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital.
Methods; This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Medical wards in Abbasi Shaheed Hospital, Karachi from 21-2-2016 to 20-8-2017. Patients of over 15 years of age of either gender with severe neutropenia …

Emerging Themes In Food Security: Environmental Justice, Extended Families And The Multiple Roles Of Grandmothers., Ethel Alderete, Lauren Sonderegger, Eliseo J Pérez-Stable

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Pre- and perinatal nutritional status defines the development of adult metabolism and energy balance in humans. Young children in poor households are disproportionately more vulnerable to food insecurity given the cumulative impact of chronic stress on susceptibility to chronic diseases as an adult. Qualitative studies focusing on the experience of food insecurity in Latin America are scarce. In Argentina, although socioeconomic indicators improved in the aftermath of the 2001ecomomic crisis, the disadvantaged provinces in the north continue to bear the burden of historical inequities. The study was conducted among Primary Health Care patients in the city of San Salvador …

Testing A Web-Based Interactive Comic Tool To Decrease Obesity Risk Among Minority Preadolescents: Protocol For A Pilot Randomized Control Trial, May May Leung, Katrina F. Mateo, Sandra Verdaguer, Katarzyna Wyka

Publications and Research

Background: Childhood obesity is a public health crisis, particularly in low-income, minority populations in the United States. Innovative and technology-enhanced interventions may be an engaging approach to reach at-risk youth and their parents to improve dietary behaviors and feeding practices. However, such tools are limited, especially ones that are theory-based; co-developed with user-centered approaches; tailored to low-income, minority preadolescents; and include parent-focused content.

Objective: The objectives of this study include assessing the feasibility and acceptability and exploring the potential impact of the Intervention INC (Interactive Nutrition Comics for urban, minority preadolescents) Web-based tool, which is focused on decreasing childhood obesity …

The Impact Of Peer Support On The Risk Of Future Hospital Readmissions Among Older Adults With A Medical Illness And Co-Occurring Depression, Kyaien O. Conner, Tamara Cadet, Monique J. Brown, Joshua T. Barnett

Faculty Publications

Older adults account for 60% of all preventable hospital readmissions. Although not all readmissions are preventable, evidence indicates that up to 75% of hospital readmissions can be prevented with enhanced patient education, pre-discharge assessment, and effective care upon discharge. Social support, specifically peer support, after discharge from hospital may be a crucial factor in minimizing the risk of preventable hospital readmission. The pilot study reported here evaluated the relationship between peer support and hospital readmissions in a sample of depressed older adults (N = 41) who were recently discharged from hospital due to a medical condition and who simultaneously had …

Can Placental Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Inform Timing Of Antenatal Corticosteroid Administration?, Danielle A. Swales, Leah A. Grande, Deborah A. Wing, Michelle Edelmann, Laura M. Glynn, Curt A. Sandman, Roger Smith, Maria Bowman, Elysia Poggi Davis

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Context

Antenatal corticosteroids commonly are administered to pregnant women at risk of delivering between 23 and 34 gestational weeks, providing crucial benefits to fetal lung maturation and reducing risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Corticosteroids are maximally efficacious for lung maturation when administered within 2 to 7 days of delivery. Accurately identifying the timing of preterm delivery is thus critical to ensure that antenatal corticosteroids are administered within a week of delivery and to avoid unnecessary administration to women who will deliver at term. A plausible biomarker for predicting time of delivery is placental corticotropin-releasing hormone (pCRH). Objective

The current …

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern Looks at Presence of Antibiotic-resistant Bacteria in Treated Wastewater Used for Irrigation

Reducing Sexual Victimization On College Campuses: The Impact Of A Collegiate-Level Human Sexual Behavior Course On Students’ Level Of Sexual Assertiveness, Ashlee D. Carter

Seton Hall University Dissertations and Theses (ETDs)

As the national conversation around the perpetration of sexual violence continues, research around sexual assault on college campuses continues to grow. By collecting both quantitative and qualitative data, this dissertation investigated the effects on students’ levels of sexual assertiveness, sexual awareness, communication skills, and sexual refusal skills as a result of taking a college-level human sexual behavior course. Through a lens of cognitive development theory and social cognitive theory, this study adds to the framework of promotion of cognitive development, which can assist in strengthening a young woman’s sexual assertiveness.

Results of this mixed methods analysis suggest that there is …

Maternal Experiences Of Intimate Partner Violence And C-Reactive Protein Levels In Young Children In Tanzania, Natalie Slopen, Jing Zhang, Samuel S. Urlacher, Gretchen De Silva, Mona Mittal

Publications and Research

Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a critical public health issue that impacts women and children across the globe.Prior studies have documented that maternal experiences of IPV are associated with adverse psychological and physical health outcomes in children; however, research on the underlying physiological pathways linking IPV to these conditions is limited. Drawing on data from the 2010 Tanzania Demographic and Health Survey, we examined the relationship between maternal report of IPV in the past 12 months and inflammation among children ages 6 months to 5 years. Our study included 503 children who were randomly selected to provide a blood sample …

Pregnancy Anxiety Predicts Shorter Gestation In Latina And Non-Latina White Women: The Role Of Placental Corticotrophin-Releasing Hormone, Isabel F. Ramos, Christine M. Guardino, Maxwell Mansolf, Laura M. Glynn, Curt A. Sandman, Calvin J. Hobel, Christine Dunkel Schetter

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Objective

Previous research has shown that a woman’s anxiety about her pregnancy predicts gestational length. Placental corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a stress-responsive peptide proposed as a mechanism. We examined placental CRH as a physiological mediator of the association between pregnancy anxiety and gestational length in Latina and non-Latina White women to replicate evidence of associations between pregnancy anxiety, placental CRH and gestational length; to test whether placental CRH levels or changes mediate effects of pregnancy anxiety on gestational length; to examine ethnic differences in pregnancy anxiety, placental CRH, and gestational length; and to explore whether the effects of pregnancy anxiety …

Exposure To Household Air Pollution From Biomass Cookstoves And Blood Pressure Among Women In Rural Honduras: A Cross‐Sectional Study, Bonnie N. Young, Maggie L. Clark, Sarah Rajkumar, Megan L. Benka-Coker, Annette Bachand, Robert D. Brook, Tracy L. Nelson, John Volckens, Stephen J. Reynolds, Christian L'Orange, Nicholas Good, Kirsten Koehler, Sebastian Africano, Anibal B. Osorto Pinel, Jennifer L. Peel

Health Sciences Faculty Publications

Growing evidence links household air pollution exposure from biomass cookstoves with elevated blood pressure. We assessed cross‐sectional associations of 24‐hour mean concentrations of personal and kitchen fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC), and stove type with blood pressure, adjusting for confounders, among 147 women using traditional or cleaner‐burning Justa stoves in Honduras. We investigated effect modification by age and body mass index. Traditional stove users had mean (standard deviation) personal and kitchen 24‐hour PM2.5 concentrations of 126 μg/m3 (77) and 360 μg/m3 (374), while Justa stove users’ exposures were 66 μg/m3 (38) and 137 μg/m3(194), respectively. BC concentrations were …

The Continual Threat Of Influenza Virus Infections At The Human–Animal Interface: What Is New From A One Health Perspective?, E. S. Bailey, J. Y. Choi, J. K. Fieldhouse, L. K. Borkenhagen, J. Zemke, D. Zhang, G. C. Gray

Public Health

No abstract provided.

Effects Of The Affordable Care Act On Health Care Access And Self-Assessed Health After 3 Years, Charles J. Courtemanche, James Marton, Benjamin Ukert, Aaron Yelowitz, Daniela Zapata

Economics Faculty Publications

Using data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we examine the causal impact of the Affordable Care Act on health-related outcomes after 3 years. We estimate difference-in-difference-in-differences models that exploit variation in treatment intensity from 2 sources: (1) local area prereform uninsured rates from 2013 and (2) state participation in the Medicaid expansion. Including the third postreform year leads to 2 important insights. First, gains in health insurance coverage and access to care from the policy continued to increase in the third year. Second, an improvement in the probability of reporting excellent health emerged in the third year, with …

Grandparent Caregivers’ Perceptions And Lived Experiences: Their Health And Wellbeing, Access To Health And State Of Health Services In Zimbabwe, Magen M. Mutepfa Dr

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

The study explored the perceptions and lived experiences of self-rated health, access to health, and state of health services for grandparent caregivers in Zimbabwe. In–depth interviews using semi-structured interview guides were carried out to elicit perceptions of lived experiences from grandparent caregivers (N=31; Mean age= 65.7; SD= 10.7). The data was thematically analysed and the software Nvivo 10 was used to help categorize emergent themes. The study found that grandparent caregivers experienced multiple chronic and complex self-rated health conditions (e.g., High blood pressure (HBP), arthritis, diabetes, hypertension, back pain, and heart problems), which influenced their health and Quality of Life …

New York After 9/11 [Chapter: Conflict And Change], Zachary Baron Shemtob, Patrick Sweeney, Susan Opotow

New York State City & Regional

An estimated 2 billion people around the world watched the catastrophic destruction of the World Trade Center. The enormity of the moment was immediately understood, and both news coverage and history of the catastrophe quickly took on global proportions—less understood has been the effect on the locus of the attacks, New York City, not as a seat of political or economic power, but as a community; not in the days and weeks afterward, but in the months and years. This period of tumultuous change offers important insights about New York today and holds important lessons for the future. New York …

Guide Lines Vol. I, Issue 17 - September 2018, College Of Health And Human Services

GUIDE Lines

Periodic Newsletter of the Governors State University - University of Illinois, Chicago - Disparities Education Cancer research training and education project (The GUIDE Project).

A Community Based Participatory Approach To Training Young Adults To Design And Implement A Social Marketing Framed Lifestyle Intervention On Their College Campus, Melissa D. Olfert, Makenzie L. Barr, Kristin Riggsbee, Kendra K. Kattelmann, Krista Leischner, Anne E. Mathews, Melissa Vilaro, Sarah E. Colby

Health and Nutritional Sciences Faculty Publications

Background: Using a Community-Based Participatory Research (CBPR) approach may increase the likelihood of relevance and acceptability of the designed intervention, especially on a college campus. Furthermore, recruiting and training college students to design a social marketing framed healthy lifestyle intervention for their peers will allow the intervention to be tailored to the needs of the campus. Objectives: To describe the process of online-course training college students to develop a campus-based, social marketing health promotion intervention. Methods: Four universities recruited current college students (18+ y.o.) to develop a social marketing and environmental intervention (SMEI), which was completed during a 16-week, online/in-person …

Macrophages But Not Astrocytes Harbor Hiv Dna In The Brains Of Hiv-1-Infected Aviremic Individuals On Suppressive Antiretroviral Therapy, Allen Ko, Guobin Kang, Julian B. Hattler, Hadiza I. Galadima, Junfeng Zhang, Qingsheng Li, Woong-Ki Kim

Community & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

The question of whether the human brain is an anatomical site of persistent HIV-1 infection during suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART) is critical, but remains unanswered. The presence of virus in the brains of HIV patients whose viral load is effectively suppressed would demonstrate not only the potential for CNS to act as an anatomical HIV reservoir, but also the urgent need to understand the factors contributing to persistent HIV behind the blood-brain barrier. Here, we investigated for the first time the presence of cells harboring HIV DNA and RNA in the brains from subjects with undetectable plasma viral load and …

Effectiveness Of 4-Aminopyridine For The Management Of Spasticity In Spinal Cord Injury: A Systematic Review, Joshua Weiner, Jane Hsieh, Amanda Mcintyre, Robert Teasell

Epidemiology and Biostatistics Publications

Background: Spasticity is a common secondary complication of spinal cord injury (SCI), which can severely impact functional independence and quality of life. 4-Aminopyridine (4-AP) is a potassium channel blocker that has been studied as an intervention for spasticity in individuals with SCI. Objective: To conduct a systematic review of the available evidence regarding the effectiveness of 4-AP for the management of spasticity in individuals with SCI. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on five electronic databases for articles published in English up to January 2017. Studies were included if (1) the sample size was three or more subjects, (2) …

Cardiorespiratory Fitness Is Positively Associated With Waist To Height Ratio And School Socio Economic Status In Irish Primary School Aged Children, M. O'Leary, E. Rush, Seán Lacey, Con Burns, Tara Coppinger

Publications

Background; The purpose of this paper is to examine any association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and markers of health among 6 and 10 year old Irish children. Methods; A total of 917 children (6 year olds, N=459; 10 year olds, N=458) from 11 primary schools in Cork (Ireland) participated. Body composition, blood pressure (BP), CRF (550-metre distance run) and school socio-economic status (SES) were assessed. Children were classified as low or high fitness based on run-time standard deviation scores (SDS). Physical activity (PA) determined over 1 week by accelerometry was collected from a sub sample of 700 children (76.3%). Results; …

Improving The Nutrition And Screen Time Environment Through Self-Assessment In Family Childcare Homes In Nebraska, Dipti A. Dev, Natalie Williams, Iheoma Iruka, Aileen Garcia, Yage Guo, Irina Patwardhan, Katrina Cummings, Zainab Rida, Emily Hulse, Ami Sedani

Counseling and Human Development Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine if family childcare homes (FCCH) in Nebraska meet best practices for nutrition and screen time, and if focusing on nutrition and screen time policies and practices improves the FCCH environment. Design: A pre–post evaluation was conducted using the Go Nutrition and Physical Activity Self-Assessment for Childcare (Go NAP SACC). Setting: FCCH in Nebraska, USA. Subjects: FCCH enrolled in the Child and Adult Care Food Program (CACFP; n 208) participated in a pre–post evaluation using Go NAP SACC. Results: At baseline, all FCCH met the minimum childcare standards for fifty-four of fifty-six practices in nutrition and screen time. …

Incidence, Patterns And Associated Factors For Occupational Injuries Among Agricultural Workers In A Developing Country, Unaib Rabbani, Zafar Fatmi

Community Health Sciences

Background: Injuries are common among agricultural workers, and a large section of the population is employed in agriculture worldwide. We aimed to determine the incidence, patterns and associated risk factors of occupational injuries among the agricultural workers in a developing country.
Methods: A cross-sectional study in Hyderabad, Pakistan was conducted from December 2012 to February 2013. Information was collected about incidence, pattern and associated risk factors of occupational injuries from 472 agricultural workers. Injury incidence and patterns for place, severity, type, agent, parts of body affected and work activity were calculated. Analysis was performed using SPSS version 19.0. Multivariate logistic …

Exploring The Impact Of Efficacy Messages On Cessation-Related Outcomes Using Ecological Momentary Assessment, Victoria Lambert, Stuart G. Ferguson, Jeff Niederdeppe, David Hammond, James W. Hardin, Jim Thrasher

Faculty Publications

Introduction:
Observational studies indicate that cigarette package inserts with efficacy messages about the benefits of quitting (i.e. response efficacy) and recommendations for successful cessation increase smokers’ self-efficacy to quit and promote sustained cessation. However, the effects of inserts with such efficacy messages have not been studied using experimental designs. This study used ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to assess smokers’ responses to efficacy inserts.

Material and Methods:
In a randomized case-crossover study among smokers from the United States (n=23), participants received a one-week supply of cigarettes with efficacy inserts and a one-week supply without any inserts, and were randomized to use …

The Urban Food Desert As A Model For The Urban Health Care Desert: Fundamental Causes And Economic Considerations, Estevan A. Garcia

Dissertations and Theses

Introduction: A “health care desert” is a part of the country where needed medical, behavioral, mental, dental, and/or pharmaceutical health care services are extremely limited or altogether unavailable. This terminology is based on the concept of a “food desert,” which describes an area where people have limited access to affordable and healthy foods, and which, together with the negative health consequences of eating lower-quality foods, is well described in public health literature. The application of this terminology to an urban environment with ready access to transportation has been limited and is controversial. However, the recent increase in urban hospital closures …

Behavioral Health Consultants In Rural Integrated Healthcare: A Systematic Replication And Program Evaluation, Laurie M. Meguro

Doctor of Psychology (PsyD)

As the healthcare demand in the United States increases, the strain on available healthcare resources becomes more evident, marked by limited access to services and physician shortages. To meet growing patient demands, the Primary Care Behavioral Health (PCBH) model focuses on improving clinical outcomes, fiscal expenses, patient satisfaction, and provider satisfaction in primary care settings through the integration of behavioral health consultants (BHCs; Sandoval, Bell, Khatri, & Robinson, 2018). The present study was a systematic replication of a previously conducted program evaluation examining the impact of BHC services within a primary care practice in a rural Oregon county, focusing on …