Public Health Commons^™

Group Medical Visits To Provide Gynecologic Care For Women Affected By Breast Cancer, Sally R. Greenwald, Sarah Watson, Mindy Goldman, Tami S. Rowen

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose

Women with breast cancer have complex and unique gynecologic needs that are challenging to effectively and comprehensively meet in a traditional gynecology visit format. Group medical visits are an effective and well-received model of care in other disease settings and can provide comprehensive health education as an adjunct to one-on-one evaluation and treatment. There are limited data regarding the use of this type of health care delivery in providing gynecology-focused care to women affected by breast cancer.

Methods

A group medical visit model was created for gynecology providers to see new breast cancer patient consults. From May 2012 to …

Understanding And Using Patient Experience Feedback To Improve Health Care Quality: Systematic Review And Framework Development, Emmanuel Kumah, Felix Osei-Kesse, Cynthia Anaba

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Patient experience data is increasingly collected worldwide; however, questions persist regarding how it is used to improve health care quality. Synthesizing information from the existing literature, we have developed an empirically based framework to help organizations and managers understand what to do with patient experience feedback to improve health care quality at the organizational level. We identified six post-data collection/analysis activities, which were categorized into three main themes: 1) make sense of the data, 2) communicate and explain the data, and 3) plan for improvement. Our framework suggests that simply executing a survey will not improve performance. It is necessary …

Get A Grip: Analysis Of Muscle Activity And Perceived Comfort In Using Stylus Grips, Evanda Vanease Henry

Theses

The design of handwriting instruments has been based primarily on touch, feel, aesthetics, and muscle exertion. Previous studies make it clear that different pen characteristics have to be considered along with hand-instrument interaction in the design of writing instruments. This should include pens designed for touch screens and computer based writing surfaces. Hence, this study focuses primarily on evaluating grip style’s impact on user comfort and muscle activity associated with handgrip while using a stylus-pen.

Surface EMG measures were taken approximate to the adductor pollicis, flexor digitorum, and extensor indicis of eight participants while they performed writing, drawing, and point-and-click …

Clinical Outcomes Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia In Patients With Diabetes Mellitus, Siddartha Bandhary, Bolivar Y. Contreras-Mora, Ruby Gupta, Patricia Fernandez, Patricio Jimenez, Paula Peyrani, Timothy L. Wiemken, Steven Burdette, Julio A. Ramirez, Hadi Harati, Jose Bordon

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Studies have found admission hyperglycemia as a predictor of poor outcomes in Community acquired Pneumonia (CAP), whereas others have not. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of diabetes mellitus (DM) on mortality as well as Length of stay (LOS) and Time to clinical stability (TCS) of hospitalized patients with CAP.

Materials and Methods: Adult patients hospitalized with CAP enrolled at Community-Acquired Pneumonia Organization (CAPO) database with DM were categorized as admission blood glucose ≥ 250 mg/dL (diabetes mellitus blood sugar (BG) > 250) and admission blood glucose ≤ 250 mg/dL (DM BG ≤ 250). CAP outcomes …

Why A New Journal?, Julio A. Ramirez

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

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Time To Clinical Stability In Patients With Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Due To Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Treated With Linezolid Versus Vancomycin: Results From The Impact-Hap Study, Paula Peyrani, Timothy L. Wiemken, Marcus J. Zervos, Daniel H. Kett, Thomas M. File Jr., Gary E. Stein, Kimbal D. Ford, Julio A. Ramirez

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Time to clinical stability is a well-defined early clinical outcome in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia, but it has not been evaluated in patients with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). The objective of this study was to compare time to clinical stability in patients with MRSA VAP treated with linezolid versus vancomycin.

Methods: This was a secondary analysis of the IMPACT-HAP study database. VAP was defined according to CDC criteria. MRSA VAP was considered when MRSA was isolated from a tracheal aspirate or bronchoalveolar lavage. A patient was considered to reach clinical stability the day that the following four criteria were …

Neutrophil Function In Elderly Patients Hospitalized With Community- Acquired Pneumonia, Jorge Perez San Juan, Lisandra Rodriguez Hernandez, Timothy L. Wiemken, Robert R. Kelley, Rafael Fernandez-Botran, Martin Gnoni, Paula Peyrani, Madhavi J. Rane, Forest W. Arnold, Julio A. Ramirez, Silvia Uriarte, Jose Bordon

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background: Advanced age is associated with immunosenescence as well as increased risk for poor outcomes during episodes of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Data on neutrophil function in hospitalized elderly patients with CAP is lacking. In this study we compared neutrophil function in elderly and non-elderly hospitalized patients with CAP.

Methods: Prospective study of healthy controls (HC) and patients hospitalized with CAP nonelderly (NE-CAP) and elderly (E-CAP). Blood samples were obtained on the day of hospitalization. The following neutrophil functional assays were performed: degranulation of secretory vesicles (CD35), degranulation of specific granules (CD66b), phagocytosis, and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) …

A Review Of Macrolide Based Regimens For Community-Acquired Pneumonia, Forest W. Arnold, Leslie A. Beavin

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) has significant morbidity and mortality. The Infectious Diseases Society of America/American Thoracic Society (IDSA/ATS) guidelines recommend two antimicrobial regimens for hospitalized patients with CAP, one of which includes a macrolide, and one of which does not. Both regimens have antimicrobial properties, but macrolides also possess immunomodulatory properties. Macrolides, however, may also have potential arrhythmia adverse effects. The purpose of this review is to provide an update of studies evaluating outcomes for patients with CAP treated with or without a macrolide-based regimen. Two recent randomized controlled trials conflict with each other regarding the benefit versus noninferiority of including …

The Political Aspects Of The Establishment Of The Planning And Budgeting Policy For The Directorate Of Occupational And Sports Health Of The Ministry Of Health, Ben Fauzi Ramadhan, Hasbullah Thabrany, Dumilah Ayuningtyas

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

The process to establish a planning and budgeting policy in the Directorate for Occupational and Sports Health is very dynamic and it fluctuates according to the goals and priorities of the policy. This research aims to ascertain how far the political aspects influences the establishment process. This research was a qualitative research accomllished through in-depth interviews with related parties. The framework used the planning and budgeting systems model and process/cycle. Results of this research indicated that politics played a major role in the policy establishment process in conflicts, cooperation, and negotiations when setting the size and allocation of the budget …

An Analysis Of The Hospital Bylaws Policies To Protect Healthcare Workers Against Indictments Of Adverse Events, Ade Leana, Adang Bachtiar

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

One of the functions of hospital bylaws are a means to provide legal protection for all all parties that are related to the hospital. Legal protection is essential for prosecuted hospital staff members. One of the reasons for indictments is adverse events. The goal of this research is to discover how the hospital by-laws protects the hospital staff in the event of an indictment based on an adverse event and how the by-laws adhere to the guidelines in a comprehensive way. The research design used the qualitative method. The results of this research indicates that the hospital by-laws of RSKO …

Analysis Of Factors Affecting Patient Satisfaction Jkn Non Pbi At Primary Health Care In East Jakarta District 2016, Cahya Arbitera, Amal Chalik Sjaaf, Wahyu Sulistiadi

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Health development in the period 2015-2019 is Indonesia Sehat program with the goal to improve the health and nutritional status of the community through health and community empowerment efforts which are supported with financial protection and health care equity. Social Health Security Agency (BPJS) as JKN organizers estimate in 2015 is a deficit of more than 6 trillion rupiahs. In 2016, the deficit is estimated to be 11 trillion rupiahs. This study used a cross sectional study design. The population in this study were outpatients at the sub-district Kramat Jati and Pasar Rebo primary health care with the total number …

Evaluation Of Poor Area Understanding Under Cigarettes In Lebak District, Nurhasanah Nurhasanah, Dumilah Ayuningtyas

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Regional Regulation of Lebak District No.17 of 2006 on the Implementation of Order, Hygiene and Beauty is a derivative form of Government Regulation No.109 Year 2012 About Security of Materials Containing Addictive Substance in the form of Tobacco Products for Health. One of the mandate in the regulation is the establishment of Non Smoking Area (KTR) as an effort to protect the public against the health risks caused by the environment contaminated with tobacco smoke. Because health hazards caused by cigarettes not only affect the smokers but also passive smokers. WHO even mentioned that less than 6 million people died …

An Analysis Of The Factors That Influence The Implementation Of The Policy For Monitoring Schoolchildren Meals Monitoring At Batam City, Ahmad Rafqi, Wiku Bakti Bawono Adisasmito

Journal of Indonesian Health Policy and Administration

Schoolchildren are assets for the development of the nation. Therefore, healthy meals at schools are very important, because for them, it covers about 25-36% of the daily energy requirements. Unhealthy eating habits or consumption of nutrition deficient meals may cause stunting, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, diabetes, and osteoporosis. In the short term it may also cause dental caries, anemia, overweight children and obesity. Around 40-44% of meals at schools do not satisfy the food safety requirements. To increase the quality of the meals at the schools, the community should be empowered to perform independent monitoring of school meals. This is inscribed …

Establishing Sustainable Community Garden Interventions With Aid From Health Promotion Organizations, Rachel Joann Buenemann

Theses and Dissertations

Community garden interventions provide policy, system and environmental change at the community level to establish health behaviors, which act in contest to obesity risk factors. Limited research examines factors, which influence the sustainability of community garden interventions. Therefore, in this study, a sample of 10 Midwestern community gardens associated through funding from a health promotion organization in 2013, collected data through the interviewing and surveying of 10 garden administrators and surveying of 12 garden volunteers. The study identified garden benefits perceived by garden administrators and volunteers to include contributions to social justice, continued education, enhanced social cohesion, increased access to …

Self-Reported Tobacco Use And Correlation With Umbilical Cord Blood Cotinine Levels At Delivery Among Appalachian Gravidas, Jesse Cottrell, Brenda L. Mitchell, Pooja N. Sangani, D'Andrea S. Thomas, Monica A. Valentovic

Marshall Journal of Medicine

The detrimental effects of cigarette use during pregnancy are well documented. Studies have shown that cigarette smoking while pregnant is associated with multiple adverse outcomes including: pre-term birth, placental abruption, placenta previa, fetal growth restriction, stillbirth, increased rate of birth defects, and increased risk of sudden infant death syndrome. Cotinine is the primary metabolite of nicotine and allows for measurement of active as well as passive exposure. Cotinine freely cross the placental barrier and maternal concentrations are closely correlated with newborn plasma levels. The aim of this study was to compare maternally reported rates of tobacco use to fetal umbilical …

A Chart Review Of Acute Care Inter-Hospital Transfers From Rural Wv Hospitals, Dilip Nair, Freddie Vaughan, Katherine Bennett

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Abstract

Objective: To document the characteristics of acute care patient transfers from rural West Virginia hospitals.

Data Sources/Study Setting: Hospital patient charts in rural West Virginia hospitals

Design: We examined 40 acute care patient transfers from rural West Virginia hospitals for patients’ age, gender, race and primary health insurance, the diagnosis and desired specialty service. We compared patients who were not transferred. For each transfer we collected data on the reason for transfer, the availability of beds of the appropriate acuity level as well as the availability of the relevant specialty at the time of transfer.

Principal Findings: Transferred patients …

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Georgia Southern Applies Mixed-Methods Design in Community -Engaged Research
• Georgia Southern Evaluates the Efficiency of Treatment Comparison

Community Health News, Georgia Southern University

Health Policy & Community Health: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Applies Mixed-Methods Design in CommunityEngaged Research

Global Stability Of Nonlinear Stochastic Sei Epidemic Model With Fluctuations In Transmission Rate Of Disease, Olusegun Michael Otunuga

Mathematics Faculty Research

We derive and analyze the dynamic of a stochastic SEI epidemic model for disease spread. Fluctuations in the transmission rate of the disease bring about stochasticity in model. We discuss the asymptotic stability of the infection-free equilibrium by first deriving the closed form deterministic (R₀) and stochastic (R₀) basic reproductive number. Contrary to some author’s remark that different diffusion rates have no effect on the stability of the disease-free equilibrium, we showed that even if no epidemic invasion occurs with respect to the deterministic version of the SEI model (i.e., R₀ < 1), epidemic can still grow initially (if R₀ > 1) …

Évaluation D’Un Système De Corde D’Assurance Horizontale, De Connecteurs D’Ancrage Et De Fermes Contreventées Comme Structure D’Accueil Lors De La Pose De Toitures Résidentielles, André Lan, Bertrand Galy

Rapports de recherche scientifique

La pose de fermes de toit présente particulièrement des risques et des dangers de chute pour les travailleurs de la construction parce qu’elle se fait en hauteur et dans des conditions difficiles. Les travailleurs, en équilibre précaire sur la charpente, risquent de perdre l’équilibre et/ou de chuter lors de la pose des fermes. Pour protéger ses travailleurs contre les chutes de hauteur lors de la pose de fermes, de contreplaqués et de bardeaux, un entrepreneur de construction domiciliaire a récemment développé un système de corde d’assurance horizontale (SCAH) constitué de deux potelets en aluminium et d’un câble en acier en …

Vers L’Amélioration Des Services Et Des Soins Palliatifs De Fin De Vie : Adapter Et Implanter Des Programmes De Soutien En Milieu De Travail Et Évaluer Leur Effet Sur La Satisfaction, Le Sens Au Travail Et Le Bien-Être Des Infirmières (Satin Ii), Lise Fillion, Manon Truchon, Michel L’Heureux, Lyse Langlois, Jean-François Desbiens, Céline Gélinas, Mélanie Vachon, Diane Tapp, Michèle Aubin, Sébastien Simard, Lise Tremblay, Pierre Gagnon, Serge Dumont, Geneviève Roch, Richard Bradet, Sandy Lavoie, Marie-Anik Robitaille, Anne-Marie Veillette

Rapports de recherche scientifique

Ce rapport de recherche est rédigé à un moment clé de l’organisation des soins palliatifs (SP) et des soins de fin de vie (SFV) au Québec. Avec le vieillissement de la population et l’ampleur des maladies chroniques, l’intégration d’une approche palliative aux services de santé est une nécessité. Pour le moment, l’accès à des SP et des SFV intégrés à l’ensemble des services de santé demeure restreint. Au Québec, les SFV sont incorporés aux soins curatifs et on retrouve peu d’unités de SP spécialisés. Selon ce choix organisationnel, les infirmières et les cliniciens vivent un contexte de travail particulier, car …

Need Vs. Supply Analysis Of The New Haven Public Bus System, Stan Mathis

Yale Day of Data

ABSTRACT:

The aim of the study was to assess how well the public transportation system of New Haven County was matched to the public transit need using publicly available geospatial datasets from state and federal sources. Geospatial bus stop data was extracted from public State of Connecticut data sets. Census tract geography was extracted from US Census TIGER files while census tract aggregated household vehicle access data was queried from the American Community Survey data access server. A census tract’s Need was defined as percentage of households reporting access to zero vehicles; its supply was defined as the number of …

The Healthy Flea Market, Robin L. Cooper, Kimberly J. Zeidler-Watters, Diane Johnson, Jennifer Wilson

Biology Faculty Publications

Learn how rural students in Kentucky shared their classroom knowledge by presenting on health topics and new technologies at flea markets, swap meets, and specialty events such as car shows.

Hair Measurements Of Cortisol, Dhea, And Dhea To Cortisol Ratio As Biomarkers Of Chronic Stress Among People Living With Hiv In China: Known-Group Validation, Shan Qiao Ph.D., Xiaoming Li, Samuele Zilioli, Zheng Chen, Huihua Deng, Juxian Pan, Weigui Guo

Faculty Publications

Background

Existing literature suggests that endocrine measures, including the steroid hormones of cortisol and Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), as well as the DHEA to cortisol ratio in the human hair can be used as promising biomarkers of chronic stress among humans. However, data are limited regarding the validity of these measures as biomarkers of chronic stress among people living with HIV (PLWH), whose endocrine system or hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis may be affected by HIV infection and/or antiretroviral therapy (ART) medications.

Method

Using hair sample data and self-reported survey from 60 PLWH in China, we examined the validity of three endocrine …

Association Of Body Mass Index With Dna Methylation And Gene Expression In Blood Cells And Relations To Cardiometabolic Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Approach, Michael M. Mendelson, Riccardo E. Marioni, Roby Joehanes, Chunyu Liu, Åsa K. Hedman, Stella Aslibekyan, Ellen W. Demerath, Weihua Guan, Degui Zhi, Chen Yao, Tianxiao Huan, Christine Willinger, Brian Chen, Paul Courchesne, Michael Multhaup, Marguerite R. Irvin, Ariella Cohain, Eric E. Schadt, Megan L. Grove, Jan Bressler, Kari North, Johan Sundström, Stefan Gustafsson, Sonia Shah, Allan F. Mcrae, Sarah E. Harris, Jude Gibson, Paul Redmond, Janie Corley, Lee Murphy, Donna K. Arnett

Epidemiology and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background

The link between DNA methylation, obesity, and adiposity-related diseases in the general population remains uncertain.

Methods and Findings

We conducted an association study of body mass index (BMI) and differential methylation for over 400,000 CpGs assayed by microarray in whole-blood-derived DNA from 3,743 participants in the Framingham Heart Study and the Lothian Birth Cohorts, with independent replication in three external cohorts of 4,055 participants. We examined variations in whole blood gene expression and conducted Mendelian randomization analyses to investigate the functional and clinical relevance of the findings. We identified novel and previously reported BMI-related differential methylation at 83 CpGs …

Use Of Grounded Theory In Cardiovascular Research, Patrick J. Dunn, Vasileios Margaritis, Cheryl Anderson

The Qualitative Report

While grounded theory is often cited in the qualitative literature as the methodology, there are few good examples of publications that follow the principles of grounded theory and result in an actual theory. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate how the Corbin and Strauss (2015) method of grounded theory was used in a study looking at how patients with cardiovascular disease and diabetes develop health literacy skills that are used to manage their condition. The key principles of grounded theory include theoretical sampling, constant comparison, open, axial, and selective coding, the use of memoing, and theoretical saturation. Data …

Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial To Assess The Safety And Effectiveness Of A Novel Dual-Action Oral Topical Formulation Against Upper Respiratory Infections, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Frank Esper, Ken Buchheit, Karen Arters, Ina Adkins, Mahmoud A. Ghannoum, Robert A. Salata

Faculty Scholarship

BACKGROUND: Current prevention options for upper respiratory infections (URIs) are not optimal. We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled pilot clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of ARMS-Iâ„¢ (currently marketed as Halo™) in the prevention of URIs. METHODS: ARMS-I is patented novel formulation for the prevention and treatment of influenza, comprising a broad-spectrum antimicrobial agent (cetylpyridinium chloride, CPC) and components (glycerin and xanthan gum) that form a barrier on the host mucosa, thus preventing viral contact and invasion. Healthy adults (18—45 years of age) were randomized into ARMS-I or placebo group (50 subjects each). The drug was sprayed intra-orally …

Mission: Fully Alive, Becky St. Clair

Andrews Agenda: Campus News

No abstract provided.

Characteristics Of Hiv-Infected Children At Enrollment Into Care And At Antiretroviral Therapy Initiation In Central Africa, Adebola Adedimeji, Andrew Edmonds, Donald Hoover, Qiuhu Shi, Jean D'Amour Sinayobye, Martin Nduwinmana, Patricia Lelo, Denis Nash, Kathryn Anastos, Marcel Yotebieng

Publications and Research

Background Despite the World Health Organization (WHO) regularly updating guidelines to recommend earlier initiation of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in children, timely enrollment into care and initiation of ART in sub-Saharan Africa in children lags behind that of adults. The impact of implementing increasingly less restrictive ART guidelines on ART initiation in Central Africa has not been described.

Materials and Methods Data are from the Central Africa International Epidemiologic Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) pediatric cohort of 3,426 children (0±15 years) entering HIV care at 15 sites in Burundi, DRC, and Rwanda. Measures include CD4 count, WHO clinical stage, age, and …

College Of Public Health News, Georgia Southern University

College of Public Health: News & Publications

• Telfair named APHA President-Elect