Public Health Commons^™

Farm To Early Care And Education (Ece) Programming: Assessing Current Activities, Resource, Opportunities, And Challenges In Louisiana, Domonique C. Washington, Elisa Munoz-Miller, Megan B. Knapp

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

No abstract provided.

Assessing Covid-19 Deaths By Occupation And Race: Louisiana 2020-2021, Anna Reilly, Brittany Babin, Rashanda Littles, Susanne Straif-Bourgeois

Journal of the Louisiana Public Health Association

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic underscored significant health disparities, with social determinants such as living conditions and occupation amplifying the risk for severe outcomes in Black residents. This study examines the intersection of occupation, race, and COVID-19 mortality among Louisiana workers in 2020 and 2021, emphasizing the importance of integrating work-related information into public health surveillance. Methods: Occupation and race were collected from the death certificates of Louisiana resident workforce participants aged 18-70 years with COVID-19 listed as a cause of death for 2020 and 2021. COVID-19 mortality rates per 100,000 workers were calculated and compared using rate ratios for occupational …

Blastomas Of The Digestive System In Adults: A Review, Yu Liu, Tony El Jabbour, Jonathan Somma, Yukihiro Nakanishi, Saverio Ligato, Hwajeong Lee, Zhi-Yan Fu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Blastomas, characterized by a mixture of mesenchymal, epithelial, and undifferentiated blastematous components, are rare malignant neoplasms originating from precursor blast cells. This review focuses on digestive system blastomas in adult patients, including gastroblastoma, hepatoblastoma, and pancreatoblastoma. Gastroblastoma is a biphasic, epitheliomesenchymal tumor, with only sixteen cases reported to date. In addition to the characteristic histology, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1 - glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 gene fusion is typical, although recently novel ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 - c-terminal binding protein 1 and patched 1 - glioma-associated oncogene homolog 2 fusions have been described. Hepatoblastoma is exceptionally rare in adults …

Expanding Global Health Dermatology Leadership: Launching The Gloderm International Mentorship Program, Alexis G. Strahan, Olivia M. Davies, Lucía T. Fernández, Inena Wa Inena Gaylord, Yared Getachew Mekonnen, Marlous L. Grijsen, Jose E. Ollague, Doriane Sabushimike, Luisa Polo Silveira, Toby Maurer, Roni P. Dodiuk-Gad, Archana Singal, Henry W. Lim, Arpita Bhose, Janet E. Lubov, Shivani Jain, Morvarid Zehtab, Tom Allison, Maud Guerin, Wendemagegn Enbiale, Wingfield Rehmus, Karolyn A. Wanat, L Claire Fuller, Elizabeth Bailey, Esther E. Freeman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Willingness And Preferences For Long-Acting Injectable Prep Among Us Men Who Have Sex With Men: A Discrete Choice Experiment, Sam Wilson Cole, Jennifer L. Glick, Nicola B. Campoamor, Travis H. Sanchez, Supriya Sarkar, Vani Vannappagari, Alex Rinehart, Keith Rawlings, Patrick S. Sullivan, John F.P. Bridges

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Introduction Cabotegravir long-acting injectable HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (LA-PrEP) was shown to be safe and effective in multiple clinical trials. Increasing uptake and persistence among populations with elevated risk for HIV acquisition, especially among men who have sex with men (MSM), is critical to HIV prevention. Objective This analysis aims to understand potential users' preferences for LA-PrEP, with audience segmentation. Design Willingness to use and preferences for LA-PrEP were measured in HIV-negative, sexually active MSM in the 2020 American Men's Internet Survey. Respondents answered a discrete choice experiment with paired profiles of hypothetical LA-PrEP characteristics with an opt-out option (no LA-PrEP). …

Latent Tb Treatment Regimens In 2023: Wetmore Tb Clinic In New Orleans, Amy Wolfe, Priyanka Jadhav, Amber May, Shandrica Seymour, Angela Blanchard, Juzar Ali

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The USPSTF has updated Latent TB Infection (LTBI) screening and treatment recommendations in 2023; describing treatment courses, side effects and benefits associated with each regimen. Overall, rifampin-containing shortened regimens are the preferred modality for LTBI treatment. A recent study in 2023 evaluated adherence and tolerance of the isoniazid(INH) + rifapentine(RPT), or “3HP” regimen and identified patient groups that may be at higher risk for non-completion of this regimen. It emphasized the need for targeted education at the beginning of treatment, to avoid early discontinuation. Our experience in New Orleans demonstrated that the 3HP is well-tolerated, with higher completion rates than …

A Population Health Approach To Workplace Mental Health: Rationale, Implementation And Engagement, Kaylee T. Woodard, Allison M. Bailey, Aaron I. Esagoff, Maren S. Fragala, Joanna I. Hayward, Jennifer L. Hunter, Yea Jen Hsu, Paul M. Kim, Matthew E. Peters, Susan M. Carr

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: To describe a population health-based program to support employee and dependent mental health and learn from engagement trends. Methods: Retrospective analysis of a program utilizing an assessment of mental health risk. For scoring “at risk,” a Care Concierge is offered to connect users with resources. Results: Participation was offered to 56,442 employees and dependents. Eight thousand seven hundred thirty-one completed the assessment (15%). Of those, 4,644 (53%) scored moderate or higher. A total of 418 (9%) engaged the Care Concierge. Factors that negatively influenced the decision to engage care included bodily pain, financial concerns. Positive influences were younger age, …

Old Dog, New Tricks? Applying The Causal Hazard Chain Model To Burn Prevention And Injuries, Randy D. Kearns, Jeffrey E. Carter, Ernest Grant, W.L. Hickerson

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

56th Annual Meeting of the American Burn Association, 2024; April 9 - April 12, 2024; Chicago, IL

Uterine Adenosarcoma Presenting As Uterine Inversion: A Case Study, Caitlin Witt, Chelsey Vranes, Leslie H. Clark

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Surgical Intervention For Diffuse Dermal Angiomatosis Of The Breast, Caroline E. Savoie, Bethany S. Acosta, Harley J. Davis, G. William Poche

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Gaza War: Too Many Citizens Being Killed, Sheraz Yaqub, Bjørn Edwin, Zane Hammoud, Gabriel Herrera-Almario, Buthaina Jabir, Kristoffer Lassen, Pål Dag Line, Miguel Angel Lopez-Gonzalez, Michael Puttick, Mohammed Ahmed Idrees Saadelnour, José Sampaio-Neto, Raghuram Sampath, Konstantin V. Sementsov, Ajith K. Siriwardena, Ernesto Sparrelid, Alberto Büge Stein, Robert Sutcliffe, Helena Taflin, Hany Takla, Silvio Valdec, Cherisse N. Vinoya, Waleed Zaid, Stephen J. Wigmore

School of Dentistry Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Sars-Cov-2 Variants On Cd8+ T Cell Epitope Diversity: Estimating Clinical Severity In The United States, Grace Kim, Jacob Elnaggar, Maya Sevalia, Najah Nicholas, Mallory Varnado, Judy Crabtree, Lucio Miele

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Association for Clinical and Translational Science 2024; April 3 - April 5, 2024; Las Vegas, NV

Knowledge And Implementation Of Tobacco Control Practices In Rural Louisiana Community Health Centers, Michael D. Celestin Jr, Ty-Runet Bryant, Tung Sung Tseng, Krysten Jones-Winn, Qingzhao Yu

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Association for Clinical and Translational Science 2024; April 3 - April 5, 2024; Las Vegas, NV

Overcoming Barriers Associated With Inequitable Historic Highway Development Dcisions: New Orleans Interstate-10 (I-10), Christina Quijano, Amy Stelly, Adrienne Katner

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Background: Gentrification has become growing concern in many cities across the United States. Post Hurricane Katrina, New Orleans has seen an influx in gentrification, the Treme Neighborhood being one of them. With future plans to remove the Claiborne Avenue I-10 Corridor, increased gentrification in Treme has become a concern of the residents. Case Description: Gentrification-associated policies implemented by other states and cities were evaluated to assess feasibility to adoption in New Orleans. Two solutions were identified as presenting the greatest benefit and least impact on stakeholders. The creation of a community land trust and development of an anti-displacement policy is …

Trend Of Louisiana Covid-19 Outbreaks In Religious Services: March 2020 - February 2021, Julius L. Tonzel, Theresa Sokol, Susanne Straif-Bourgeois

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Objective: To better understand the impact of the transmission of COVID-19 in religious services in Louisiana. Background: Louisiana identified its first COVID-19 outbreak in a religious service, or place of worship for faith-based communities, in March 2020. As a mitigation response, during the Phase 1 period, maximum capacity was reduced to 25% and masking and social distancing were enforced. As religious services return to maximum capacity, there is concern about the role that these settings will contribute to the burden of disease. Methods: COVID-19 outbreaks in religious services were identified by the Louisiana Office of Public Health Infectious Disease Epidemiology …

Perceptions Of Manual Vacuum Aspiration Among Resident And Atending Physicians In Louisiana, Kelly Chau, Mirandy Li, Jennifer Robinson, Stacey Scheib

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Background: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer (LGBTQ) individuals are more likely to smoke than non-LGBTQ individuals, and there is currently a heavy need for smoking cessation research for LGBTQ populations. Smoking has been posited as a coping mechanism for LGBTQ individuals facing minority stress. However, no studies have examined the exact effect that minority stress has on smoking in LGBTQ populations. Therefore, the purpose of this systematic review is to examine which minority stress processes effect smoking behaviors for LGBTQ individuals. Methods: PubMed, EBSCO, and PsychInfo searches were conducted for smoking-, LGBTQ-, and minority stress-related terms. No date, geographic, …

A Phase 1 Clinical Trial Combining Car T-Cell Therapy With Autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cells In A Multi-Cultural Patient Population, Bry Reinhardt Ms

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Background: Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell therapy is a type of immunotherapy designed to treat relapsed/refractory hematologic malignancies such non-Hodgkin B-Cell Lymphoma, B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, and Multiple Myeloma. CAR T toxicities such as cytokine release syndrome, immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome and post-infusion cytopenias pose major challenges to the regimen. Additionally, CAR T is a complicated and involved therapy. It is critical to explain the risks and benefits to patients, which can be challenging when they are non-native English speakers.

Objectives: The co-primary endpoints of this trial are to determine the feasibility of collecting the target cell dose of …

Assessing Stigma In People Living With Hiv, Kyle Mistretta, John W. Apolzan, Hui-Yi Lin, Connie Arnold, Jonathan R. Schroeder, David Welsh, Lauren E. Richey

School of Public Health Delta Omega Honors Day Poster Sessions

Abstract: Stigma and discrimination may result in poorer health literacy, negative health outcomes, and increased morbidity from other chronic diseases in PWH. We created a multidisciplinary team to study stigma, health behaviors, and outcomes in PWH in Louisiana. The team HIV clinics in three cities; New Orleans, Baton Rouge, and Shreveport, forming the Louisiana Translational Collaborative on Health Behaviors [LATCH]. We hypothesized that PWH who report increased stigma would have lower health literacy and more comorbidities.

Methods: PWH aged ≥ 18 were recruited from three HIV clinics during regular appointments. Participants completed standardized surveys that assessed stigma via the HIV …

Editorial: Reviews And Advances In The Molecular Mechanisms Of Breast Cancer, A. Redfern, V. Agarwal, Suresh Alahari

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Path-Bigbird: An Ai-Driven Transformer Approach To Classification Of Cancer Pathology Reports, Mayanka Chandrashekar, Isaac Lyngaas, Heidi A. Hanson, Shang Gao, Xiao Cheng Wu, John Gounley

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

PURPOSE: Surgical pathology reports are critical for cancer diagnosis and management. To accurately extract information about tumor characteristics from pathology reports in near real time, we explore the impact of using domain-specific transformer models that understand cancer pathology reports. METHODS: We built a pathology transformer model, Path-BigBird, by using 2.7 million pathology reports from six SEER cancer registries. We then compare different variations of Path-BigBird with two less computationally intensive methods: Hierarchical Self-Attention Network (HiSAN) classification model and an off-the-shelf clinical transformer model (Clinical BigBird). We use five pathology information extraction tasks for evaluation: site, subsite, laterality, histology, and behavior. …

Investigating The "Sex Paradox" In Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Results From The Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry (Phar), Jacqueline T. Desjardin, Noah Kime, Nicholas A. Kolaitis, Richard A. Kronmal, Matthew R. Lammi, Stephen C. Mathai, Corey E. Ventetuolo, Teresa De Marco

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Female sex is a significant risk factor for pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH), yet males with PAH have worse survival - a phenomenon referred to as the "sex paradox" in PAH. METHODS: All adult PAH patients in the Pulmonary Hypertension Association Registry (PHAR) with congruent sex and gender were included. Baseline differences in demographics, hemodynamics, functional parameters, and quality of life were assessed by sex. Kaplan-Meier survival analysis was used to evaluate survival by sex. Mediation analysis was conducted with Cox proportional hazards regression by comparing the unadjusted hazard ratios for sex before and after adjustment for covariates. The plausibility …

Response To The Letter To The Editor: Surgical Delay Of Thoracodorsal Artery Perforator Flaps For Bilateral Autologous Breast Reconstruction, Robert J. Allen, Mark A. Maier

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Most Deprived Louisiana Census Tracts Have Higher Hepatocellular Carcinoma Incidence And Worse Survival, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Tingting Li, Mei Chin Hsieh, Laura Tenner, Edward S. Peters

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: Liver cancer incidence increased in the US from 1975 through 2015 with heterogeneous rates across subpopulations. Upstream or distal area-level factors impact liver cancer risks. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association between area-level deprivation and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) incidence and survival. We also explored the association between area deprivation and treatment modalities. Methods: Louisiana Tumor Registry identified 4,151 adult patients diagnosed with malignant HCC from 2011 to 2020 and linked residential address to census tract (CT)-level Area Deprivation Index (ADI) categorized into quartiles (Q1 = least deprived). ANOVA examined the association between ADI quartile …

Louisiana Crisis Response System Regional Coalition Development Guide, Evidence To Practice, Cep Crisis Reports

Policy & Position Papers

No abstract provided.

Potential Causal Association Between Gut Microbiome And Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Qiang He, Wenjing Wang, Dingkang Xu, Yang Xiong, Chuanyuan Tao, Chao You, Lu Ma, Junpeng Ma, Caroline M. Nievergelt, Adam X. Maihofer, Torsten Klengel, Elizabeth G. Atkinson, Chia Yen Chen, Karmel W. Choi, Jonathan R.I. Coleman, Shareefa Dalvie, Laramie E. Duncan, Mark W. Logue, Allison C. Provost, Andrew Ratanatharathorn, Murray B. Stein, Katy Torres, Allison E. Aiello, Lynn M. Almli, Ananda B. Amstadter, Søren B. Andersen, Ole A. Andreassen, Paul A. Arbisi, Ariane Rung, Et Al

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Background: The causal effects of gut microbiome and the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are still unknown. This study aimed to clarify their potential causal association using mendelian randomization (MR). Methods: The summary-level statistics for gut microbiome were retrieved from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of the MiBioGen consortium. As to PTSD, the Freeze 2 datasets were originated from the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Working Group (PGC-PTSD), and the replicated datasets were obtained from FinnGen consortium. Single nucleotide polymorphisms meeting MR assumptions were selected as instrumental variables. The inverse variance weighting (IVW) method was employed as the …

Nonhormonal Pharmacotherapies For The Treatment Of Postmenopausal Vasomotor Symptoms, Taylor Witten, Julia Staszkiewicz, Logan Gold, Mallory A. Granier, Rachel J. Klapper, Gabriel Lavespere, Bradley Dorius, Varsha Allampalli, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye, Giustino Varrassi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

An average of 60-80% of all menopausal women experience bothersome vasomotor symptoms (VMSs), such as flushing and sweating, within the first seven years of onset. However, despite increasing prevalence, these hot flashes remain hard to treat and have a negative effect on the quality of life. Though hormone replacement therapy is commonly utilized as a standard treatment for VMSs, this therapy is not recommended for all women. Specifically, the oral form of hormone replacement therapy is associated with several contraindications, including a history of thromboembolic disease, migraine headache with aura, liver failure, heart disease, and hormone-dependent cancers. For women with …

Hidradenitis Suppurativa Disease Severity And Outcomes Among Black Patients From Low-Income Neighborhoods At A Tertiary Care Hospital: A Retrospective Review, Anna M. Catinis, Olivia A. Gioe, Caroline Savoie, Erika Rosen, Deborah Hilton

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating, inflammatory condition of apocrine sweat glands. Black patients are disproportionately affected, a finding largely attributed to lower socioeconomic status (SES) in the literature; yet, most HS studies include majority White cohorts. We present, to our knowledge, the first retrospective review of an entirely Black patient population living in low-income neighborhoods diagnosed with hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) to identify potentially modifiable factors related to disease severity and outcomes. We reviewed charts of Black patients with an encounter for HS from 2010-2020 in the New Orleans University Medical Center database. Hurley stage III (HSt III) disease was …

Lung Cancer In Ever- And Never-Smokers: Findings From Multi-Population Gwas Studies, Yafang Li, Xiangjun Xiao, Jianrong Li, Younghun Han, Chao Cheng, Gail F. Fernandes, Shannon E. Slewitzke, Susan M. Rosenberg, Meng Zhu, Jinyoung Byun, Yohan Bossé, James D. Mckay, Demetrios Albanes, Stephan Lam, Adonina Tardon, Chu Chen, Stig E. Bojesen, Maria T. Landi, Mattias Johansson, Angela Risch, Heike Bickeböller, H-Erich Wichmann, David C. Christiani, Gad Rennert, Susanne M. Arnold, Gary E. Goodman, John K. Field, Diptasri Mandal, Et Al

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Clinical, molecular, and genetic epidemiology studies displayed remarkable differences between ever- and never-smoking lung cancer. METHODS: We conducted a stratified multi-population (European, East Asian, and African descent) association study on 44,823 ever-smokers and 20,074 never-smokers to identify novel variants that were missed in the non-stratified analysis. Functional analysis including eQTL colocalization and DNA damage assays, and annotation studies were conducted to evaluate the functional roles of the variants. We further evaluated the impact of smoking quantity on lung cancer risk for the variants associated with ever-smoking lung cancer. RESULTS: Five novel independent loci, GABRA4, inter-genic region 12q24.33, LRRC4C, LINC01088, …

Challenges And Promising Solutions To Engaging Patients In Healthcare Implementation In The United States: An Environmental Scan, Eva N. Woodward, Andrea Isabel Castillo, Gala True, Cathleen Willging, Joann E. Kirchner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: One practice in healthcare implementation is patient engagement in quality improvement and systems redesign. Implementers in healthcare systems include clinical leadership, middle managers, quality improvement personnel, and others facilitating changes or adoption of new interventions. Patients provide input into different aspects of health research. However, there is little attention to involve patients in implementing interventions, especially in the United States (U.S.), and this might be essential to reduce inequities. Implementers need clear strategies to overcome challenges, and might be able to learn from countries outside the U.S. METHODS: We wanted to understand existing work about how patients are being …

Using Phosphatidylethanol As An Adjunct To Self-Reported Alcohol Use Improves Identification Of Liver Fibrosis Risk, Pamela M. Murnane, Majid Afshar, Gabriel Chamie, Robert L. Cook, Tekeda Ferguson, Lamia Y. Haque, Karen R. Jacobson, Amy C. Justice, Theresa W. Kim, Mandana Khalili, Evgeny Krupitsky, Kathleen A. Mcginnis, Patricia Molina, Winnie R. Muyindike, Bronwyn Myers, Veronica L. Richards, Kaku So-Armah, Scott Stewart, Mark S. Sulkowski, Phyllis C. Tien, Judith A. Hahn

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: Accurate assessment of alcohol use informs prevention and management of liver disease. We examined whether phosphatidylethanol (PEth, an alcohol metabolite) blood concentrations are associated with liver fibrosis risk independently of self-reported alcohol use, among persons with and without HIV. Methods: We pooled individual-level data from 12 studies from the United States, Russia, Uganda, and South Africa with PEth, AUDIT-C (Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption), and FIB-4 measurements. We conducted mixed-effects logistic regression of the relationship between PEth and AUDIT-C as continuous variables (after checking linearity), with high FIB-4 ( ≥ 2.67). We divided PEth (range 0-1000) by 83.3 to …