Public Health | Open Access Articles | Digital Commons Network™

The Nih Is A Sound Investment For The Us Taxpayer, Nicholas W. Gilpin

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Research funded by the National Institutes of Health is essential for improving the health of Americans and developing new drugs and treatments for a wide range of diseases.

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Effects Of Exercise On Inflammation, Circulating Tumor Cells, And Circulating Tumor Dna In Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Stephanie L. Compton, Andrew Kang, Anjana Jayaraman, L Anne Gilmore, Brian J. Kirby, Frank L. Greenway, Shengping Yang, Guillaume Spielmann

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: The biological mechanisms by which postdiagnosis physical activity improves disease-free survival in colorectal cancer survivors remain incompletely understood. This trial tested the hypothesis that 12 wk of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise, when compared with a control group, would change inflammation, CTCs, and ctDNA in a manner consistent with an improved cancer prognosis. METHODS: This trial randomized Stages I-III colorectal cancer survivors to 12 wk of home-based moderate-intensity aerobic exercise or a waitlist control group. The co-primary endpoints were high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), secondary endpoints were soluble tumor necrosis factor-α receptor 2 (sTNFαR2) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs), …

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From Pregnancy To Beyond: Renewed Emphasis On Comprehensive Hiv Prevention In South Africa., Chibuzor M. Babalola, Remco P.H. Peters, Christina A. Muzny, Dvora Joseph Davey, Christopher M. Taylor, Mandisa M. Mdingi, Freedom Mukomana, Lindsey De Vos, Andrew Medina-Marino, Jeffrey D. Klausner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Heart Failure In Black Populations: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, And Treatment Disparities, Kazi N. Islam, Rahib K. Islam, Ivan Nguyen, Yasmeen Magherahabed, Humza Pirzadah, M. Bazlur Rashid

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Heart failure (HF) remains a significant health challenge globally, placing a heavy burden on individuals, families, and healthcare systems. The prevalence of HF continues to rise, posing substantial public health concerns. This burden is particularly pronounced among the Black Population, who face higher prevalence, earlier onset, and greater severity of HF compared to other racial and ethnic groups. This review explores the multifaceted landscape of HF in Black individuals by examining epidemiological patterns, pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentations, treatment disparities, and clinical outcomes. Black individuals exhibit distinct pathophysiological characteristics, such as genetic variations contributing to heightened susceptibility and severity of HF. …

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A Sex Comparison Of Fall And Fracture Occurrence In The Elderly Diabetic Population: A Quantitative Study, Fahamina Ahmed, Kaylin Miller, Meva Beganovic, Ali Siddiqui, Candice Smith

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

AIMS: To assess differences in falls and fractures in men and women with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) within a diverse population in Southeast Louisiana. METHODS: A list of 1200 patients was generated through an electronic health record system using keywords: diabetic diagnosis, falls, and fractures to conduct this retrospective cohort study. This chart review included adults with T2DM who experienced at least one fall and/or fracture between January 2018 and May 2023 at East Jefferson General Hospital located in Metairie, Louisiana. Only falls and fractures that resulted in a hospital visit were included. Results were compared between males and …

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Going Green In Dermatology, Rahib K. Islam, Victoria T. Tong, Shari R. Lipner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Analysis Of Interprofessional Education Perceptions At The Team Level: A Study Across Three Student Cohorts, Tina Gunaldo, Kelsey Witmeier, Harun Mazumder, Sharon Duffy, Colette Baudoin, Henry Sauviac, Susanne Straif-Bourgeois, Scott Edwards

Center for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice Papers

The interprofessional education (IPE) literature showcases many studies reporting results at the all-student and academic program levels. However, if the purpose of IPE is to develop collaborative-practice ready professionals, analysis at the team level would better support the advancement of the IPE literature and future health care goals. Pre-licensure students engaged in a two-year IPE curriculum and individually completed the Student Perceptions of Interprofessional Clinical Education-Revised survey, version 2 (SPICE-R2), at the end of the first and second year. Teams were comprised of health profession students from 12 academic programs associated with the university. Exploratory and longitudinal analyses of the …

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Early Childhood Caries And Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children In Southeast Iran, Homa Kamyabi, Parisa Kalantari, Azadeh Horri, Fereshteh Abbasi, Mahsa Kalantari

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Objective: To determine the prevalence of ECC and evaluate its association with possible risk factors in a group of preschool children in Kerman, Iran. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Kerman on healthy preschool children (up to 6 years old) in June and October 2021. The children were randomly selected from kindergartens using a clustered sampling method, and their height, weight, dental caries, and occlusion were evaluated. Parents completed a questionnaire assessing feeding habits (breast/bottle feeding) and oral habits during the first two years of life. Data were analyzed by logistic regression and chi-squared test using SPSS …

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Exploring The Relationship Between Psychiatric Illness And Dermatological Disorders: A Narrative Review, Alan D. Kaye, Rahib K. Islam, Abigayle M. Castine, Grace C. Wester, William T. Barham, Catherine G. Nguyen, Elena Plakotaris, Bradley Dorius, Julian Kim, Patricia Griffin, Amber Edinoff, Sahar Shekoohi, Giustino Varrassi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The interplay between psychiatric conditions and dermatological disorders is complex and multifaceted, often resulting in significant challenges for both diagnosis and treatment. This narrative review examines associations between specific psychiatric conditions, trichotillomania, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and various dermatological disorders. The present investigation delves into pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical presentations, and management strategies of these comorbid conditions. Psychiatric disorders can exacerbate dermatological conditions through mechanical trauma, medication side effects, and stress-induced exacerbations, while dermatological disorders can lead to significant psychiatric morbidity. The biopsychosocial approach, emphasizing the importance of integrated care involving dermatologists and mental health professionals, is crucial …

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Investigating Mental Health Disparities In Rural Sexual And Gender Minority Adults: Protocol For The Rural Exploration And Approaches To Lgbtq + Mental Health (Realm) Prospective Cohort Study, Shoshanna L. Fine, Kalai Willis, Iaah L. Lucas, Kirsten F. Siebach, Jennifer L. Glick, Mariah Valentine-Graves, Savannah Winter, Michael Smith, Thomas Waltz, Gina Bailey Herring, Marissa Hannah, Holly C. Wilcox, Travis Sanchez, Stefan D. Baral, Sarah M. Murray

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Sexual and gender minority (SGM) persons experience substantial mental health disparities throughout the life course, including increased vulnerability to depression and suicide. Few existing studies, however, have explored how pervasive experiences of SGM-related stigma, discrimination, and trauma (i.e., minority stress) contribute to adverse mental health outcomes among diverse sub-populations of SGM adults living in rural areas of the United States. This paper describes the protocol for a prospective cohort study, "Rural Exploration and Approaches for LGBTQ + Mental Health (REALM)," that will explore minority stress in relation to mental health conditions and suicidal behaviors among rural SGM adults. METHODS: …

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Celebrating World Cancer Day: Innovative Biological Approaches To Cancer And Their Alignment With Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs), Hamed Kioumarsi, Bolin Liu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Molecular Modification Of Queen Bee Acid And 10-Hydroxydecanoic Acid With Specific Tripeptides: Rational Design, Organic Synthesis, And Assessment For Prohealing And Antimicrobial Hydrogel Properties, Song Hong, Sachin B. Baravkar, Yan Lu, Abdul Razak Masoud, Qi Zhao, Weilie Zhou

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Royal jelly and medical grade honey are traditionally used in treating wounds and infections, although their effectiveness is often variable and insufficient. To overcome their limitations, we created novel amphiphiles by modifying the main reparative and antimicrobial components, queen bee acid (hda) and 10-hydroxyl-decanoic acid (hdaa), through peptide bonding with specific tripeptides. Our molecular design incorporated amphiphile targets as being biocompatible in wound healing, biodegradable, non-toxic, hydrogelable, prohealing, and antimicrobial. The amphiphilic molecules were designed in a hda(hdaa)-aa1-aa2-aa3 structural model with rational selection criteria for each moiety, prepared via Rink/Fmoc-tBu-based solid-phase peptide synthesis, and structurally verified by NMR and LC–MS/MS. …

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Understanding The Impacts Of Surgical Drains On Postoperative Pain And Quality Of Life, Goutam K. Gadiraju, Matthew R. Prospero, Finn Tobias, Andrew J. Malek, Erik Reiche, Justin M. Broyles

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Surgical drains are commonly used in breast surgery and breast reconstruction for seroma prevention. Although many surgeons are aware that surgical drains can cause considerable discomfort to patients, less is understood about the specific impacts of drains on postoperative pain and quality of life (QOL). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients at our institution who had previously undergone mastectomy or breast reconstruction procedures to better understand patients' experiences with surgical drains. Patients were asked to report their attitudes toward a series of QOL statements and rate postoperative pain using numeric pain scales. Pair-wise analysis was used to …

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Social, Racial, And Economic Disparities Affecting Outcomes Of Hypertensive Adolescents, Kanya Singhapakdi, Amelia Haydel, Marla Johnston, Shengping Yang, Tamara Bradford, Dedrick Moulton, Thomas R. Kimball

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Essential hypertension is one of the most common conditions managed in pediatric cardiology and can result in lasting deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. Pediatric hypertension is so prevalent in the United States that it is often referred to as a public health challenge. Social determinants of health (SDH) are the cultural, economic, educational, healthcare accessibility, and political influences in the environment in which an individual is born or lives, all of which can affect that individual's overall health. This study investigated the impact of social determinants such as rurality, food insecurity, transportation challenges, minority status, income, and race on …

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Real World Data Infrastructure: A Big-Data Resource For Study Of The Impact Of Covid-19 In Patient Populations With Immunocompromising Conditions, James M. Crawford, Lynne Penberthy, Ligia A. Pinto, Keri N. Althoff, Magdalene M. Assimon, Oren Cohen, Laura Gillim, Tracy L. Hammonds, Shilpa Kapur, Harvey W. Kaufman, David Kwasny, Jean W. Liew, William A. Meyer 3rd, Shannon L. Reynolds, Cheryl B. Schleicher, Suki Subbiah, Catherine Theruviparampil, Zachary S. Wallace, Jeremy L. Warner, Suhyeon Yoon, Yonah C. Ziemba

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background. We developed a United States–based real-world data resource to better understand the continued impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on immunocompromised patients, who are typically underrepresented in prospective studies and clinical trials. Methods. The COVID-19 Real World Data infrastructure (CRWDi) was created by linking and harmonizing de-identified HealthVerity medical and pharmacy claims data from 1 December 2018 to 31 December 2023, with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virologic and serologic laboratory data from major commercial laboratories and Northwell Health; COVID-19 vaccination data; and, for patients with cancer, 2010 to 2021 National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and …

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Racial Disparities Of Type 2 Diabetes Through Exercise: The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Tong Xia, Roch A. Nianogo, Qingzhao Yu, Tamara Horwich, Preethi Srikanthan, Kosuke Inoue, Matthew Allison, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Karol E. Watson, Liwei Chen

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: Persistent racial and ethnic disparities exist for Type 2 diabetes in the U.S. Racial and ethnic minorities have a higher risk of Type 2 diabetes, and studies suggest that they engage in less exercise than White population. This study examined whether and to what degree racial differences in Type 2 diabetes were explained by exercise. Methods: Adults aged 45–84 years without Type 2 diabetes at baseline (2000–2002) were included from the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis cohort and followed through 2020. Associations between race and Type 2 diabetes were examined using multivariable Cox proportional hazard regression. The effects of exercise …

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Intravaginal Cooling Provides Symptom Relief In Women With Vulvovaginal Candidiasis And Reduces Immunopathology In An Accompanying Mouse Model, Junko Yano, Kimberly Langdon, Michael Swor, Mairi C. Noverr, Paul L. Fidel

School of Dentistry Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC), caused primarily by Candida albicans, is currently treated with either prescription or over-the-counter antifungal drugs, often with variable efficacy and relapses. New and improved therapeutic strategies, including drug-free treatment alternatives, are needed. Upon overgrowth or environmental triggers, C. albicans yeast transitions into hyphae that results in an aberrant immunopathologic response by neutrophils, contributing to the characteristic vulvovaginal symptoms. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a patented intravaginal cooling device (Vlisse®) to provide symptom relief in women with VVC via putative reversal of C. albicans hyphae to the commensal yeast form, with …

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Medicaid Expansion Increases Treatment For Patients With Colon Cancer, John Morgan Lyons, Denise M. Danos, Lauren S. Maniscalco, Yong Yi, Omeed Moaven, Xiaocheng Wu, Quyen Chu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Medicaid expansion (ME) has positively impacted colon cancer screening. ME’s effect on colon cancer treatment is less clear. This study analyses the effect of ME on patterns of colon cancer treatment. Methods: Patients with primary invasive colon cancer were identified using the Louisiana Tumor Registry. Patients diagnosed with colon cancer prior to ME (2014–2015) were compared to those diagnosed after (2017–2018). Coordinate variables were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Treatment status was modeled with multivariable logistic regression and the results are reported as adjusted odds ratios. Results: The proportion of uninsured patients decreased following ME (5.5 versus 1.9, p < 0.001), with the greatest reductions among patients between 45 and 54 years old (13.5% to 3.5%, p < 0.0001), African Americans (8.9 to 2.1%, p < 0.0001), and those in high-poverty neighborhoods (7.1 to 2.1%, p < 0.0001). Following ME, all patients with Stage I-III disease were more likely to receive surgery (OR = 1.95; 95%: CI 1.21–3.14)—especially the extremely impoverished (OR = 2.39; 95% CI 1.41–4.02). Young patients with Stage IV colon cancer were more likely to receive chemotherapy (OR-1.6; 95% CI 1.03–2.4). Patients with Stage IV colon cancer were less likely to receive treatment within 30 days of diagnosis (OR = 0.7; 95% CI 0.5–0.9), but, on subset analysis, this was only observed in non-Medicaid patients. Conclusion: ME is associated with increased treatment for patients with colon cancer, and it did not appear to affect time to treatment. However, it seems to affect different subsets of the population differently.

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Temporal Trends And Patterns For Early- And Late-Onset Adult Liver Cancer Incidence Vary By Race/Ethnicity, Subsite, And Histologic Type In The United States From 2000 To 2019, Mei-Chin Hsieh, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Laura Rozek, Shengdi Wen, Yu Wen Chiu, Edward S. Peters

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Purpose: To examine incidence trends and patterns for early- and late-onset liver cancer. Methods: Liver and intrahepatic bile duct (IBD) cancers diagnosed between 2000 and 2019 were acquired from 22 SEER registries. Variables included early-onset (20–49) vs. late-onset (50+), anatomic subsite, histologic type (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC] and IBD cholangiocarcinoma [ICC]), sex, and race/ethnicity. Age-standardized incidence rates were calculated using SEER*Stat. Jointpoint regression analysis was employed to estimate the annual percent change (APC) and the average APC (AAPC) with pairwise comparisons for trend by sex and by race/ethnicity stratified by age and subsite. Results: Liver cancer incidence decreased among early-onset (AAPC …

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Nutritional, Phytochemical, And Antimicrobial Properties Of Carica Papaya Leaves: Implications For Health Benefits And Food Applications, Rajni Choudhary, Ravinder Kaushik, Ansab Akhtar, Suvendu Manna, Jyoti Sharma, Aarti Bains

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Papaya leaves (PLs) are known for their therapeutic benefits and traditional use in treating inflammation, infections, and various health conditions. Rich in bioactive compounds, PLs are studied for their potential applications in functional foods. This study analyzed their nutritional, phytochemical, structural, thermal, and antimicrobial properties to evaluate their role as a health-promoting ingredient. METHODS: Phytochemicals were quantified spectrophotometrically and identified via GC-MS. Antioxidant activity was assessed using DPPH and FRAP assays. Mineral content was determined using ICP-OES. Structural and thermal properties were evaluated using FTIR, XRD, and calorimetry, and antimicrobial activity was tested via the agar well diffusion method. …

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From Surviving To Thriving: Key Considerations For Weight Control Across Diverse Cancer Survivorship Populations, Justin C. Brown, Marlyn Allicock, Carmina G. Valle, Tanya Agurs-Collins

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a chronic, relapsing, progressive disease of excess adiposity that increases the risk of dying from at least 16 types of cancer. The prevalence of obesity has increased more rapidly in cancer survivors compared with the general population. Tailored weight management strategies are needed to improve prognosis and health outcomes in the growing population of cancer survivors. However, certain cancer survivor population subgroups require unique consideration when developing weight management strategies. METHODS: In a symposium convened by The Obesity Society during ObesityWeek 2023 titled "From Surviving to Thriving: Key Considerations for Weight Control Across Diverse Cancer Survivorship Populations," …

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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor-Associated Cutaneous Adverse Events: Mechanisms Of Occurrence, Abdulaziz M. Eshaq, Thomas W. Flanagan, Abdulqader A. Ba Abbad, Zain Alabden A. Makarem, Mohammed S. Bokir, Ahmed K. Alasheq, Sara A. Al Asheikh, Abdullah M. Almashhor, Faroq Binyamani, Waleed A. Al-Amoudi, Abdulaziz S. Bawzir, Youssef Haikel, Mossad Megahed, Mohamed Hassan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Immunotherapy, particularly that based on blocking checkpoint proteins in many tumors, including melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), triple-negative breast (TNB cancer), renal cancer, and gastrointestinal and endometrial neoplasms, is a therapeutic alternative to chemotherapy. Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based therapies have the potential to target different pathways leading to the destruction of cancer cells. Although ICIs are an effective treatment strategy for patients with highly immune-infiltrated cancers, the development of different adverse effects including cutaneous adverse effects during and after the treatment with ICIs is common. ICI-associated cutaneous adverse effects include mostly inflammatory and bullous dermatoses, as …

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Importance Of The Hemoglobin Glycation Index For Risk Of Cardiovascular And Microvascular Complications And Mortality In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2024;39:732-47, Claudia Regina Lopes Cardoso Et Al.), Stuart A. Chalew

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Dental Clinic Deserts In The Us: Spatial Accessibility Analysis, Md Shahinoor Rahman, Jeffrey C. Blossom, Ichiro Kawachi, Renuka Tipirneni, Hawazin W. Elani

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

IMPORTANCE: Little is known about the spatial accessibility to dental clinics across the US. OBJECTIVE: To map the spatial accessibility of dental clinics nationally and to examine the characteristics of counties and US Census block groups with dental care shortage areas. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Cross-sectional study of US dental clinics in 2023 using data from the IQVIA national practitioners' database, which includes 205 762 active dentists. Data were analyzed from November 2023 to April 2024. EXPOSURES: Socioeconomic characteristics of block groups and counties including rurality, area deprivation, racial and ethnic segregation, and uninsured population. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES: Enhanced …

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The Percentage Of Sacroiliac Fusions Done In The U.S. By Non-Surgical Specialties Has Increased, Mathew Cyriac, Bela P. Delvadia, Julianna E. Winter, Jacob S. Budin, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Surgical fusion of the sacroiliac (SI) joint is often performed to manage chronic lower back or buttock pain. When Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes were introduced, SI joint fusion procedures were done primarily by orthopaedic surgeons and neurosurgeons. The purpose of this study was to examine the utilization of SI joint fusion CPT codes by physician specialty over time. METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the PearlDiver database. The database was queried using CPT codes to identify patients who underwent SI joint fusion via percutaneous, open, or trauma codes. Specialties queried included surgical specialties (orthopaedic surgery and …

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Innovations In Genicular Outcomes Registry (Igor): Protocol For A Real-World Registry Study Of Treatments For Knee Osteoarthritis, Vinod Dasa, William Mihalko, Adam Rivadeneyra, Joshua Urban, Andrew Wickline, David Rogenmoser, Andrew Concoff, Andrew Spitzer, Michael A. Mont

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is the leading cause of disability among US adults and most commonly affects the knee. Guidelines for knee OA treatment include behavioral, nonpharmacological, pharmacological, and surgical interventions. While emerging knee OA treatments show promise for pain control, data gaps remain regarding the efficacy, safety, comparative effectiveness, and real-world value of treatments. OBJECTIVES: The Innovations in Genicular Outcomes Registry (IGOR) is prospectively collecting real-world data to assess clinical effectiveness, safety, health-related quality of life, and healthcare resource utilization of knee OA treatments. DESIGN: The IGOR is a prospective, observational, longitudinal, multicenter registry (NCT05495334) examining knee OA pain treatment …

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Patient-Reported Functional Outcomes And Treatment-Related Regret In Hispanic And Spanish-Speaking Men Following Prostate Cancer Treatment, Andrea A. Lopez, Bashir Al Awamlh, Li-Ching Huang, Zhiguo Zhao, Tatsuki Koyama, Karen E. Hoffman, Christopher J. Wallis, Kerri Cavanaugh, Ruchika Talwar, Alicia K. Morgans, Michael Goodman, Ann S. Hamilton, Xiao-Cheng Wu, Jie Li, Brock B. O'Neil, David F. Penson, Daniel A. Barocas

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVES: Compare functional outcomes and treatment-related regret over 10 years in Spanish- and English-speaking Hispanic men compared to non-Hispanic men following treatment of localized prostate cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Data from a prospective cohort study of men with localized prostate cancer treated with active surveillance, radical prostatectomy or radiotherapy were used to examine the effect of survey language (Spanish speaking vs. English speaking) and ethnicity (Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic) on functional outcomes and treatment-related regret over 10 years. Outcomes were measured using validated questionaries adjusting for baseline patient and disease characteristics. RESULTS: A total of 770 men were included, 12% were …

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Gut Microbiota Profiling In Injection Drug Users With And Without Hiv-1 Infection In Puerto Rico, Nirosh Aluthge, Seidu Adams, Carmen A. Davila, Nova R. Gocchi Carrasco, Kathy S. Chiou, Roberto Abadie, Sydney J. Bennett, Kirk Dombrowski, Angel M. Major, Aníbal Valentín-Acevedo, John T. West, Charles Wood, Samodha C. Fernando

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

INTRODUCTION: The full extent of interactions between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, injection drug use, and the human microbiome is unclear. In this study, we examined the microbiomes of HIV-positive and HIV-negative individuals, both drug-injecting and non-injecting, to identify bacterial community changes in response to HIV and drug use. We utilized a well-established cohort of people who inject drugs in Puerto Rico, a region with historically high levels of injection drug use and an HIV incidence rate disproportionately associated with drug use. METHODS: Using amplicon-based 16S rDNA sequencing, we identified amplicon sequence variants (ASVs) that demonstrated significant variations in the …

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Micro And Nano Plastics: Contaminants In Beverages And Prevention Strategies, Chang Ma, Karna Ramachandraiah, Guihun Jiang

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

The widespread use of plastics in beverage packaging has led to the accumulation of microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) in beverages, which poses significant environmental and health hazards. This review explores the sources, entry pathways, and risk factors for MPs and NPs in beverages, emphasizing their toxicological profiles and harmful effects on human health and the environment. Methods for detecting MPs and NPs in beverages are discussed, highlighting the need for standardized testing protocols. Furthermore, future solution strategies, challenges, and preventive measures for mitigating MP and NP contamination in beverages are proposed, including advanced filtration systems, the development of alternative …

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Cabotegravir Maintains Protective Efficacy In The Setting Of Bacterial Stis: A Secondary Analysis Of Hptn 083, Meredith E. Clement, Brett Hanscom, Daniel Haines, Jose A. Bazan, Nuntisa Chotirosniramit, Ryan Kofron, Sharon Mannheimer, Kenneth H. Mayer, Mayara Secco Torres Silva, Lydia Soto-Torres, Alex R. Rinehart, James F. Rooney, A Jennings, K Gomez-Feliciano, Marybeth Mccauley, Beatriz Grinsztejn, Raphael J. Landovitz, Et Al.

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have been shown to facilitate HIV transmission and acquisition. HPTN 083, a global clinical trial, demonstrated superiority of long-acting cabotegravir (CAB-LA) versus daily oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) for HIV prevention among transgender women and cisgender men who have sex with men. This analysis assessed whether CAB-LA maintained protective efficacy when bacterial STIs (syphilis, rectal/urethral gonorrhea and chlamydia) were present. METHODS: STI events per 100 person-years (PY) were calculated, including by subgroups (age, race/ethnicity, gender, education, treatment arm, drug use, alcohol use, region/country, condom usage, partner number, marital status, baseline STI). Association between baseline factors …

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Full-Text Articles in Public Health

The Nih Is A Sound Investment For The Us Taxpayer, Nicholas W. Gilpin

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Effects Of Exercise On Inflammation, Circulating Tumor Cells, And Circulating Tumor Dna In Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Stephanie L. Compton, Andrew Kang, Anjana Jayaraman, L Anne Gilmore, Brian J. Kirby, Frank L. Greenway, Shengping Yang, Guillaume Spielmann

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

From Pregnancy To Beyond: Renewed Emphasis On Comprehensive Hiv Prevention In South Africa., Chibuzor M. Babalola, Remco P.H. Peters, Christina A. Muzny, Dvora Joseph Davey, Christopher M. Taylor, Mandisa M. Mdingi, Freedom Mukomana, Lindsey De Vos, Andrew Medina-Marino, Jeffrey D. Klausner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Heart Failure In Black Populations: Epidemiology, Pathophysiology, And Treatment Disparities, Kazi N. Islam, Rahib K. Islam, Ivan Nguyen, Yasmeen Magherahabed, Humza Pirzadah, M. Bazlur Rashid

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

A Sex Comparison Of Fall And Fracture Occurrence In The Elderly Diabetic Population: A Quantitative Study, Fahamina Ahmed, Kaylin Miller, Meva Beganovic, Ali Siddiqui, Candice Smith

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Going Green In Dermatology, Rahib K. Islam, Victoria T. Tong, Shari R. Lipner

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Analysis Of Interprofessional Education Perceptions At The Team Level: A Study Across Three Student Cohorts, Tina Gunaldo, Kelsey Witmeier, Harun Mazumder, Sharon Duffy, Colette Baudoin, Henry Sauviac, Susanne Straif-Bourgeois, Scott Edwards

Center for Interprofessional Education and Collaborative Practice Papers

Early Childhood Caries And Associated Risk Factors Among Preschool Children In Southeast Iran, Homa Kamyabi, Parisa Kalantari, Azadeh Horri, Fereshteh Abbasi, Mahsa Kalantari

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Celebrating World Cancer Day: Innovative Biological Approaches To Cancer And Their Alignment With Sustainable Development Goals (Sdgs), Hamed Kioumarsi, Bolin Liu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Molecular Modification Of Queen Bee Acid And 10-Hydroxydecanoic Acid With Specific Tripeptides: Rational Design, Organic Synthesis, And Assessment For Prohealing And Antimicrobial Hydrogel Properties, Song Hong, Sachin B. Baravkar, Yan Lu, Abdul Razak Masoud, Qi Zhao, Weilie Zhou

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Understanding The Impacts Of Surgical Drains On Postoperative Pain And Quality Of Life, Goutam K. Gadiraju, Matthew R. Prospero, Finn Tobias, Andrew J. Malek, Erik Reiche, Justin M. Broyles

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Social, Racial, And Economic Disparities Affecting Outcomes Of Hypertensive Adolescents, Kanya Singhapakdi, Amelia Haydel, Marla Johnston, Shengping Yang, Tamara Bradford, Dedrick Moulton, Thomas R. Kimball

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Racial Disparities Of Type 2 Diabetes Through Exercise: The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis, Tong Xia, Roch A. Nianogo, Qingzhao Yu, Tamara Horwich, Preethi Srikanthan, Kosuke Inoue, Matthew Allison, Zuo-Feng Zhang, Karol E. Watson, Liwei Chen

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Intravaginal Cooling Provides Symptom Relief In Women With Vulvovaginal Candidiasis And Reduces Immunopathology In An Accompanying Mouse Model, Junko Yano, Kimberly Langdon, Michael Swor, Mairi C. Noverr, Paul L. Fidel

School of Dentistry Faculty Publications

Medicaid Expansion Increases Treatment For Patients With Colon Cancer, John Morgan Lyons, Denise M. Danos, Lauren S. Maniscalco, Yong Yi, Omeed Moaven, Xiaocheng Wu, Quyen Chu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Temporal Trends And Patterns For Early- And Late-Onset Adult Liver Cancer Incidence Vary By Race/Ethnicity, Subsite, And Histologic Type In The United States From 2000 To 2019, Mei-Chin Hsieh, Kendra L. Ratnapradipa, Laura Rozek, Shengdi Wen, Yu Wen Chiu, Edward S. Peters

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

Nutritional, Phytochemical, And Antimicrobial Properties Of Carica Papaya Leaves: Implications For Health Benefits And Food Applications, Rajni Choudhary, Ravinder Kaushik, Ansab Akhtar, Suvendu Manna, Jyoti Sharma, Aarti Bains

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

From Surviving To Thriving: Key Considerations For Weight Control Across Diverse Cancer Survivorship Populations, Justin C. Brown, Marlyn Allicock, Carmina G. Valle, Tanya Agurs-Collins

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Importance Of The Hemoglobin Glycation Index For Risk Of Cardiovascular And Microvascular Complications And Mortality In Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes (Endocrinol Metab 2024;39:732-47, Claudia Regina Lopes Cardoso Et Al.), Stuart A. Chalew

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Dental Clinic Deserts In The Us: Spatial Accessibility Analysis, Md Shahinoor Rahman, Jeffrey C. Blossom, Ichiro Kawachi, Renuka Tipirneni, Hawazin W. Elani

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

The Percentage Of Sacroiliac Fusions Done In The U.S. By Non-Surgical Specialties Has Increased, Mathew Cyriac, Bela P. Delvadia, Julianna E. Winter, Jacob S. Budin, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Innovations In Genicular Outcomes Registry (Igor): Protocol For A Real-World Registry Study Of Treatments For Knee Osteoarthritis, Vinod Dasa, William Mihalko, Adam Rivadeneyra, Joshua Urban, Andrew Wickline, David Rogenmoser, Andrew Concoff, Andrew Spitzer, Michael A. Mont

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Micro And Nano Plastics: Contaminants In Beverages And Prevention Strategies, Chang Ma, Karna Ramachandraiah, Guihun Jiang

School of Public Health Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications