Public Health Commons^™

Sleep Disturbances And Psychological Well-Being Among Military Medical Doctors Of The Swiss Armed Forces: Study Protocol, Rationale And Development Of A Cross-Sectional And Longitudinal Interventional Study, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani, Viola Rigotti, Zeno Stanga, Undine E. Lang, Rebecca K. Blais, Michelle L. Kelley, Serge Brand

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: Compared to civilians and non-medical personnel, military medical doctors are at increased risk for sleep disturbances and impaired psychological well-being. Despite their responsibility and workload, no research has examined sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among the medical doctors (MDs) of the Swiss Armed Forces (SAF). Thus, the aims of the proposed study are (1) to conduct a cross-sectional study (labeled ‘Survey-Study 1’) of sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among MDs of the SAF; (2) to identify MDs who report sleep disturbances (insomnia severity index >8), along with low psychological well-being such as symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, but …

Predictors Of Occupational Distress Of Catholic Priests On The Eastern Seaboard Of The United States, Michael D. Kostick, Xihe Zhu, Justin A. Haegele, Pete Baker

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

With ever-increasing demands placed upon active priests in the United States, insight into protecting their mental health may help strengthen vocational resilience for individual priests. The purpose of this study was to examine the association of individual variables, workplace characteristics, and physical activity participation with occupational distress levels among Catholic priests. A 22-question survey consisting of a demographic questionnaire, the Clergy Occupational Distress Index, and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was employed to collect individual variables, workplace characteristics, physical activity participation, and occupational distress levels of Catholic priests from the Eastern seaboard of the United States. Regression analyses showed that …

The Associations Of Physical Activity And Sedentary Behavior With Self-Rated Health In Chinese Children And Adolescents, Yahan Liang, Youzhi Ke, Yang Liu

Human Movement Studies & Special Education Faculty Publications

Objective

The study aimed to analyze the independent and joint associations of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) with self-rated health (SRH) among Chinese children and adolescents.

Methods

Cross-sectional data on moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), school-based PA, extracurricular physical activity (EPA), screen time (ST), homework time, and SRH were assessed through a self-report questionnaire in the sample of 4227 Chinese children and adolescents aged 13.04 ± 2.62 years. Binary logistic regression was used to compare gender differences in PA, SB, and SRH among children and adolescents, and analyses were adjusted for age and ethnicity.

Results

In independent associations, boys …

Rural Racial Disparities And Barriers In Mammography Utilization Among Medicare Beneficiaries In Texas: A Longitudinal Study, Zhaoli Liu, Yong Shan, Yong-Fang Kuo, Sharon H Giordano

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This study examined rural racial/ethnic disparities in long-term mammography screening practices among Medicare beneficiaries. A retrospective longitudinal study was conducted using 100% Texas Medicare data for women aged 65-74 who enrolled in Medicare between 2010-2013. Of the 114,939 eligible women, 21.2% of Hispanics, 33.3% of non-Hispanic Blacks (NHB), and 38.4% non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) in rural areas were regular users of mammography, compared to 33.5%, 44.9%, and 45.3% of their counterparts in urban areas, respectively. Stratification analyses showed rural Hispanics and NHB were 33% (95% CI, 25% - 40%) and 22% (95% CI, 6% - 36%) less likely to be regular …

Association Of Risk Factors And Comorbidities With Chronic Pain In The Elderly Population, Neil Mookerjee, Nicole Schmalbach, Gianna Antinori, Subhadra Thampi, Dylan Windle-Puente, Amy Gilligan, Ha Huy, Megha Andrews, Angela Sun, Roshni Gandhi, William Benedict, Austin Chang, Ben Sanders, Justin Nguyen, Maanika Reddy Keesara, Janet Aliev, Aneri Patel, Isaiah Hughes, Ian Millstein, Krystal Hunter, Satyajeet Roy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION/OBJECTIVE: Chronic pain disorders affect about 20% of adults in the United States, and it disproportionately affects individuals living in the neighborhoods of extreme socioeconomic disadvantage. In many instances, chronic pain has been noted to arise from an aggregation of multiple risk factors and events. Therefore, it is of importance to recognize the modifiable risk factors. The aim of this study was to investigate the comorbid medical conditions and risk factors associated with chronic pain disorders in patients aged 65 years and older.

METHODS: Our team retrospectively reviewed medical records of elderly patients (65 years and older) who were evaluated …

Ai And Ml-Based Risk Assessment Of Chemicals: Predicting Carcinogenic Risk From Chemical-Induced Genomic Instability, Ajay Vikram Singh, Preeti Bhardwaj, Peter Laux, Prachi Pradeep, Madleen Busse, Andreas Luch, Akihiko Hirose, Christopher J. Osgood, Michael W. Stacey

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Chemical risk assessment plays a pivotal role in safeguarding public health and environmental safety by evaluating the potential hazards and risks associated with chemical exposures. In recent years, the convergence of artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and omics technologies has revolutionized the field of chemical risk assessment, offering new insights into toxicity mechanisms, predictive modeling, and risk management strategies. This perspective review explores the synergistic potential of AI/ML and omics in deciphering clastogen-induced genomic instability for carcinogenic risk prediction. We provide an overview of key findings, challenges, and opportunities in integrating AI/ML and omics technologies for chemical risk assessment, …

Scoping Review: The Effects Of Interrupted Onabotulinumtoxin A Treatment For Chronic Migraine Prevention During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Qing Zhao Ruan, Daniel J Pak, Amitabh Gulati, Moises Dominguez, Sudhir Diwan, Jamal Hasoon, Timothy R Deer, R Jason Yong, Abdulrazaq Albilali, Amanda Macone, Sait Ashina, Christopher L Robinson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To systematically examine the literature on the clinical consequences of inadvertent delays in scheduled onabotulinumtoxin A (OTA) therapy for chronic migraine during the COVID-19 pandemic and assess recommendations when access to OTA is limited.

Background: The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic was unprecedented in its impact on the global medical community. Most healthcare institutions in the United States (US) and the world had begun significantly limiting elective procedures, undermining management of many debilitating chronic conditions. OTA injections, were similarly involuntarily postponed, leading to significant setbacks in symptom control.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted on databases of Medline and Embase …

"They Are Expecting Us To Stay Strong": How Ambulance Personnel Navigate And Manage Their Emotions In A Rural Region Of Northern California, Tina M. Orton-Owens

Cal Poly Humboldt theses and projects

This research examines how emergency medical service (EMS) workers navigate and manage their calls in Humboldt County, a rural region of Northern California. The primary theoretical framework is drawn from Arlie Hochschild’s theory of Emotional Labor. This paper examines how emotional labor impacts EMS workers within a rural environment and with limited resources. I also look at how COVID-19 complicated EMS workers’ experiences. This paper is based on qualitative research where I conducted 13 mostly face-to-face interviews with EMS workers throughout the County between 2020 and 2022. Interviews consisted of 30 questions and interviews ranged in length from 1 to …

The Anatomy Of Physician Fulfillment: Strategies Beyond Burnout, Brook Hale

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The persistent tension and power struggle between healthcare executives and physicians is a prevalent issue in healthcare organizations, often leading to a culture of organizational mistrust. This dynamic stems from perceived conflicting goals: executives are frequently seen as primarily focused on financial outcomes, while physicians are viewed as resistant to change. This study explored how physician fulfillment is experienced at work, with the ultimate goal of identifying potential interventions to bridge the gap between these groups. There is vast research and literature available regarding burnout in healthcare; this research focused on understanding what physicians find fulfilling in their work and …

The Lived Experience Of The Covid-19 Pandemic Among Mandate-Resistant Adults In Washington State, Amber N. Peterson

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study examined the lived experience of self-identified, mandate-resistant adults in Washington state. This study explored participants’ experience of the COVID-19 pandemic, from a retrospective framework by uncovering challenges, silver linings, decision-making, and self-reported mental health. Remote interviews were conducted with nine participants. Participants were between 23–31 years old, mostly male, and over half identified as Black. Through semi structured interviews, data was collected and analyzed using Interpretive Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Participants described their experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic and highlighted significant changes in the way they lived their lives. Most notably, participants described ways in which they defied COVID-19 …

"Why Does This Have To Be So Hard?": Perinatal Experiences From An Ecological Systems Approach, Caitlin Senk

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This study examines the lived experience of the perinatal population to understand how they can be supported from the lens of different ecological systems and what counselors can do to better serve people with uteruses during their perinatal experience. Furthermore, this study aims to utilize an inclusive framework for capturing the perinatal experience of people with uteruses and to explore barriers and facilitators to care through an ecological systems framework. Fifteen participants who have experienced infertility, conception, pregnancy, miscarriage, childbirth, stillbirth, and postpartum were recruited through various means throughout the United States. Thematic analysis was used, with semi-structured interviews and …

My World's On Fire, How 'Bout Yours? An Investigation Of How Privilege Fosters And Maintains Climate Denial, Morgan A. Chester

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

The present study investigates the phenomenon of climate denial through a new theoretical framework of privilege. The analysis utilizes a feminist orientation that builds on a historical interpretation through the lens of colonialism. Through the dissection of current multidisciplinary understandings of climate denial and new concepts discovered in the review of academic literature and popular media, a compilation of theory, relationship, and connection is made. Systems of power and privilege are examined and connected to the mechanisms and maintenance of climate denial. The resulting analysis illuminates that settler colonialism, supported by connected ideologies of White supremacy, ableism, and patriarchy inform …

Like, Comment, Subscribe, And Share: An Investigation Of Emerging Adults’ Lived Experiences Of Relationship Information On Social Media, Marquitta Fields

Antioch University Dissertations & Theses

This qualitative study explores how emerging adults engage with relationship education content on social media platforms and the implications for promoting accessible myself in the personal lived experiences of participants while removing listener preconceptions, identifying psychological structures that explain their interactions with relationship content. The findings reveal that emerging adults use a variety of social media platforms, including Instagram, TikTok, Reddit, Facebook, Pinterest, and YouTube, to consume relationship information. Participants prioritize content that is authentic, relatable, and derived from personal experiences over generic or impersonal advice. They value content that encourages healthy communication, self-reflection, and personal growth. The study also …

A Descriptive Analysis Of Depressive Symptoms And Body Image By Race/Ethnicity And Nativity Status Among Adolescents, Radhika Prasad

Electronic Theses & Dissertations (2024 - present)

Previous research on the immigrant health paradox among children and adolescents show a mental health advantage yet it is unclear if this applies in a similar magnitude to females (Fillion et al., 2018; Zarei et al., 2023). Immigrants may be exposed to stressors related to immigration and acculturation. Some research suggests that females respond more to stress through internalizing symptoms relative to males (Hall-Lande et al., 2007; Adkins et al., 2009). Given these gender differences in stress response, female immigrants may be particularly vulnerable to the psychological consequences of immigration related stressors. The immigrant health paradox has also overlooked subjective …

Achieving Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, And Anesthesia (Sota) Care For All In South Asia, Siddhesh Zadey, Shirish Rao, Isha Gondi, Natalie Sheneman, Chaitrali Patil, Anveshi Nayan, Himanshu Iyer, Arti Raj Kumar, Arun Prasad, G Allen Finley, Chellapuram Raja Krishna Prasad, Chintamani, Dhananjaya Sharma, Dhruva Ghosh, Gnanaraj Jesudian, Irum Fatima, Jogi Pattisapu, Justin Sangwook Ko, Lovenish Bains, Mashal Shah, Mohammed Shadrul Alam, Narmada Hadigal, Naveen Malhotra, Nilmini Wijesuriya, Prateek Shukla, Sadaf Khan, Sunil Pandya, Tariq Khan, Tashi Tenzin, Venkat Raja Hadiga, Daniel Peterson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

South Asia is a demographically crucial, economically aspiring, and socio-culturally diverse region in the world. The region contributes to a large burden of surgically-treatable disease conditions. A large number of people in South Asia cannot access safe and affordable surgical, obstetric, trauma, and anesthesia (SOTA) care when in need. Yet, attention to the region in Global Surgery and Global Health is limited. Here, we assess the status of SOTA care in South Asia. We summarize the evidence on SOTA care indicators and planning. Region-wide, as well as country-specific challenges are highlighted. We also discuss potential directions-initiatives and innovations-toward addressing these …

Association Of Circulating Ketone Bodies With Cognitive Performance And Dementia In The Multi-Ethnic Study Of Atherosclerosis (Mesa), Parag Anilkumar Chevli, Christopher L Schaich, Alexis C Wood, Luqman A Tk, Anurag Mehta, Vardhmaan Jain, Margery Connelly, Suzanne Craft, Elad Shemesh, José A Luchsinger, Kathleen M Hayden, Bonnie Colleen Sachs, Timothy M Hughes, Michael D Shapiro

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Introduction

Growing interest centers on the association between circulating ketone bodies (KB) and cognitive function, notably in aging and neurodegenerative diseases.

Methods

Associations of plasma KB with incident dementia and cognitive performances were examined among Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) participants. KB were measured using plasma samples collected following an overnight fasting at Exam 1 (2000–02) and detailed cognitive testing at Exam 5 (2010–2012, N = 4392), Exam 6 (2016–2018, N = 1838), and in MESA‐MIND (2019–2021, N = 2060).

Results

Over 16.7 years, a doubling of total KB was associated with a greater risk of incident dementia (hazard ratio …

Revisiting Therapeutic Facet Joint Injections For Chronic Spinal Pain: A Case Series, Jamal Hasoon, Syed Mahmood, Anvinh Nguyen, Ranganathan Govindaraj, Christopher L Robinson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Facet joint injections with steroids are a common therapeutic intervention for chronic pain management, particularly in patients with lumbar spondylosis and facet arthropathy. However, many insurance companies do not provide coverage for this helpful intervention. This case series presents four patients who experienced significant and sustained pain relief following therapeutic facet joint injections. The aim of this case series is to highlight the efficacy of facet joint injections with steroids in managing chronic spinal pain and to discuss the potential benefits of this treatment modality in patients who may not be interested in pursuing lumbar radiofrequency neurotomy.

Demonstrating The Need For Intergenerational Trauma-Specific Substance Use Treatment For Mothers Receiving Substance Use Treatment And Their Children, Brittany Ti-Esha Smith

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

For decades the United States has faced substance use epidemics that have devastating public health consequences, with the most recent epidemic being the opioid epidemic. While the substance that is the center of the epidemic’s changes over time, one factor that has been found to be positively related to substance use has remained consistent, that preventable risk factor is adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Those who experience ACEs are at elevated risk for developing SUD. If the trauma that is a result of experiencing ACE is not treated it can complicate recovery and impact the individuals’ families. The children of individuals …

An Appalachian Perspective On Suicide: A Focus On West Virginia’S Unique Context, Erin Delaney Caswell

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

INTRODUCTION: The Appalachian region, spanning 13 states from New York to northern Mississippi, experiences the suicide rates in the United States (U.S.), underscoring a public health crisis exacerbated by persistent socioeconomic challenges. West Virginia (WV), the only state entirely within Appalachia, serves as a focal point for understanding the broader suicide crisis in the region, as WV has the highest suicide rates in the region. Moreover, the state has several unique socioeconomic factors, like increased poverty, lower educational attainment, limited access to healthcare, and a high prevalence of chronic pain and substance that may contribute to elevated rates of suicide. …

High-Risk Individuals And Naloxone Use: Implications For Thn Programs In Rural Appalachian Communities, Victor Garcia, Lisa Mccann, Erick Lauber, Christian Vaccaro, Melissa Swauger, Alex Daniel Heckert

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Take-home naloxone (THN) is being made available across rural Appalachia to curb opioid overdose fatalities. Despite this initiative, some opioid users do not possess naloxone, and if they do, do not administer it to others.

Purpose: Research findings on risk factors that contribute to opioid overdose are presented. These factors, identified in a sample of 16 overdose cases, are (1) early onset age of opioid use; (2) progressive opioid use; (3) a transition from pain medication to heroin and fentanyl; (4) fears of being arrested at a naloxone intervention if first responders are contacted, and (5) limited knowledge of …

Assessing And Addressing The Determinants Of Appalachian Population Health: A Scoping Review, David L. Driscoll, Hannah O'Donnell, Maitri Patel, David C. Cattell-Gordon

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Residents of Appalachia experience elevated rates of morbidity and mortality compared to national averages, and these disparities are associated with inequitable exposures to various determinants of population health. Social and environmental determinants of health are a useful lens through which to develop and evaluate programs to mitigate regional health disparities.

Methods: This 2023 scoping review was conducted of studies linking determinants of Appalachian health with leading causes of regional mortality and morbidity. The search strategy employed a keyword search that included geographic terms for the Appalachian Region and the primary adverse health outcomes in that region. Studies meeting the …

Review Of: Coal, Cages, Crisis: The Rise Of The Prison Economy In Central Appalachia, Ted Olson Phd

Journal of Appalachian Health

Ted Olson, PhD, is a professor of both Appalachian Studies and Bluegrass, Old-Time and Roots Music Studies at East Tennessee State University. In this piece, he reviews Professor Judah Schept's Coal, Cages, Crisis: The Rise of the Prison Economy in Central Appalachia and discusses the impacts of incarceration on the health of Appalachia and on its residents more broadly.

Parents' Stigmatizing Beliefs About The Hpv Vaccine And Their Association With Information Seeking Behavior And Vaccination Communication Behaviors, Ashley Hedrick Mckenzie, Ross Shegog, Lara S Savas, C Mary Healy, L Aubree Shay, Sharice Preston, Sharon Coan, Travis Teague, Erica Frost, Stanley W Spinner, Sally W Vernon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Parents' stigmatizing beliefs about the HPV vaccine, such as beliefs that it promotes adolescent sexual activity, constitute a notable barrier to vaccine uptake. The purpose of this study is to describe the associations between parents' stigmatizing beliefs about the HPV vaccine, psychosocial antecedents to vaccination, and parents' intentions to vaccinate their children. Parents of vaccine-eligible children (

Disparities In Mortality Between Appalachian And Non-Appalachian Regions Of Kentucky, Sonali S. Salunkhe, Sahal Alzahrani, Beatrice Ugiliweneza

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: In the opioid epidemic, the U.S. faces a significant public health crisis, with some areas of the country, such as rural and Appalachian regions, suffering more than others. The differential regional impact of the crisis in Kentucky—a state with both non-metropolitan/metropolitan and Appalachian/Non-Appalachian statuses—has not yet been documented despite such knowledge being essential to the success of overdose prevention efforts.

Purpose: This study compares all-cause, drug- and opioid-related mortality between counties in different regions of Kentucky: Appalachian non-metropolitan, Appalachian metropolitan, non-Appalachian non-metropolitan, and non-Appalachian metropolitan.

Methods: Age-adjusted mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention’s Wide-ranging Online …

Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacterales—Kentucky, 2013–2020: Challenges And Successes, Mary Issac, Andrea Flinchum, Kevin Spicer

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are considered urgent, antibiotic-resistant threats in the U.S. and are of global concern. Active collaboration between public health authorities and healthcare facilities and providers will be necessary to prevent and contain these organisms.

Purpose: To describe the epidemiology of CRE in Kentucky and to discuss challenges and successes with building and sustaining an effective prevention and containment program.

Methods: Retrospective descriptive summary of CRE isolates reported by healthcare providers, facilities, and laboratories in Kentucky from 2013 through 2020. Data available from case reporting forms and laboratory testing are summarized.

Results: From 2013 through 2020, 1805 CRE …

Changes In Perceptions Of First Responders After Witnessing A Drug Overdose: Individual And Contextual Variations Among People Who Use Opioids In West Virginia, Kathleen L. Egan, Kelly Gurka, Alexandria Macmadu, Herb Linn

Journal of Appalachian Health

Introduction: Success of opioid overdose interventions involving first responders is dependent on the comfort level that bystanders have with first responders and their willingness to call for assistance. Positive or negative experiences with first responders following witnessing an overdose may influence a person’s willingness to call a first responder for assistance in the future.

Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine changes in bystanders’ perceptions of first responders following witnessing an overdose attended by emergency medical services or a law enforcement official. It specifically explored perception changes among a sample of individuals residing in Appalachia who use prescription …

Reducing Food Scarcity: The Benefits Of Urban Farming, S.A. Claudell, Emilio Mejia

Journal of Nonprofit Innovation

Urban farming can enhance the lives of communities and help reduce food scarcity. This paper presents a conceptual prototype of an efficient urban farming community that can be scaled for a single apartment building or an entire community across all global geoeconomics regions, including densely populated cities and rural, developing towns and communities. When deployed in coordination with smart crop choices, local farm support, and efficient transportation then the result isn’t just sustainability, but also increasing fresh produce accessibility, optimizing nutritional value, eliminating the use of ‘forever chemicals’, reducing transportation costs, and fostering global environmental benefits.

Imagine Doris, who is …

Estimasi Biaya Produktivitas Yang Hilang Akibat Kematian Dini Pasien Covid-19 Di Rs Pku Muhammadiyah Gamping, Yuni Andriani, Sugiyono Sugiyono

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The COVID-19 virus infection has had an impact on the global health and economic system, including in developing countries. This research is an observational study by estimating the indirect costs of lost productivity due to premature deaths in COVID-19 patients at PKU Muhammadiyah Gamping Hospital in 2021 and knowing the characteristics of the patients. This hospital was chosen as the research site because the percentage of Bed Occupancy Rate (BOR) was the highest in Sleman Regency in 2021, reaching 68.94%. The results of the research show …

Attitudes Toward Caring For Older Adults Among Undergraduate Nursing Students At A Public University In Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Azera Hasra Ismail, Siti Zuhaida Hussein, Aslina Mohamed Yasi, Nurul Izzati Ishak, Nurul Nazira Mohd Yazar, Nur Syafiqah Sabri

Makara Journal of Health Research

Background: The growing number of elderly members of the population is expected to increase the demand for more dedicated nursing students committed to providing excellent care. This study aims to determine prevailing attitudes toward the care of older adults among undergraduate nursing students at a public university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Methods: This is a quantitative cross-sectional survey of 107 undergraduate nursing students enrolled at a public university in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. The students were recruited using stratified random sampling. The respondents’ attitudes toward caring for older adults were measured using 14 items from the Geriatrics Attitudes Scale …

Who Marries Whom Matters: Kesamaan Pendidikan Orangtua Dan Berat Badan Saat Lahir Di Indonesia, Mudya Johanna, Omas Bulan Samosir

Jurnal Ekonomi Kesehatan Indonesia

Despite ongoing efforts and commitment to reducing Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies, globally, the incidence of LBW has stagnated. This study uses a combined factor of maternal and husband/partner education variables to analyze the complexity of LBW incidents. This research uses secondary data from the 2017 SDKI with a multilevel logistic regression analysis method to look at the relationship between the similarity of parental education and the baby's birth weight at the individual and community levels. The results of the research show that mothers who have husbands/partners with equivalent education and higher education (≥high school or equivalent) have a lower …