Public Health Commons^™

Environmental Health News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Examines Immunomodulating Effects of Bacterial Endotoxin

Air Pollution: An Emerging Concern On The Cardiovascular System, Lauren Martin, Husnia Akrami

Student Scholar Showcase

No abstract provided.

Trap-Neuter-Return Programs And The Importance Of Associated Public Awareness, Nicolette Sliwa

Biology: Student Scholarship & Creative Works

The focus of this paper is to describe a typical Trap-Neuter-Return (TNR) program and highlight the major pros and cons surrounding this somewhat controversial method of managing the overwhelming free-roaming cat population. The effects of the species’ overabundance on the environment and human health are also discussed. Citing studies completed on TNR programs around the globe as well as mathematical models, the effectiveness of this method is compared to other, currently used alternatives. Finally, it has been suggested that the general awareness level a neighborhood possesses about the true goals of TNR programs has a potentially significant impact on the …

Water, Sanitation And Hygiene In Rwamwanja Refugee Settlement, Katelyn Bergl

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

No abstract provided.

Concentration Levels Of Pm2.S And Pm 10 Paper Dust In A Book Production Facility, Blake J. Cvengros

Masters Theses & Specialist Projects

Concentration levels of PM2.5 and PM10 paper dust were measured in a book production facility using a quantitative single subject study. Dust concentration data was collected in three processes of a book manufacturing facility; paper recycling, the digital pressroom and the digital bindery. Data was collected using the DustTrak DRX 8533 Aerosol Monitor, focusing on particulate sizes of PM2.5 and PM10. The data was used to determine if paper dust in the book production industry reached concentration levels that could have negative respiratory health effects on surrounding employees and to determine which process within the studied facility had the highest …

A Comparative Study On The Impact Evaluation Of World Vision’S Water, Sanitation And Hygiene Program In Malawi, Mozambique, And Zambia: Analyses Using Lives Saved Tool, Chulwoo Park, Armen Martirosyan, Erin A. Jones, Ashley Labat, Yvonne Tam, Emmanuel Opong

GW Research Days 2016 - 2020

Background

According to the World Health Organization, diarrheal disease is the second top killer of children under five years of age (U5), claiming around 760,000 young children’s lives every year, and 88% of diarrheal disease is attributed to unsafe water supply, inadequate sanitation and hygiene. The humanitarian aid organization, World Vision, launched community-based water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) project in 76 Area Development Programs (ADPs) for 506,019 target U5 population across Southern Africa Region (SAR): Malawi, Mozambique and Zambia in 2010.

Objective

This study estimated the retrospective health impact of the project between 2010 and 2014 to measure how effectively …

Persistent Organic Pollutants And Mortality In The United States, Kristiann Fry, Melinda Power

GW Research Days 2016 - 2020

Background/Objectives: Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are environmentally and biologically persistent chemicals that include polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), per- and polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and organochlorine (OC) pesticides. Currently, there is limited data on the association between exposure to POPs and the risk of mortality in the general US population. The objective of this study was to determine if higher exposure to POPs are associated with greater risk of all-cause, cancer, heart/cerebrovascular disease, or other-cause mortality in persons aged 60 years and older.

Methods: The analyses included participants aged 60 years and older from the 1999-2006 National Health and …

Biokinetics Of Nanomaterials: The Role Of Biopersistence, Peter Laux, Christian Riebeling, Andy M. Booth, Joseph D. Brain, Josephine Brunner, Cristina Cerrillo, Otto Creutzenberg, Irina Estrela-Lopis, Thomas Gebel, Gunnar Johanson, Harald Jungnickel, Heiko Kock, Jutta Tentschert, Ahmed Tlili, Andreas Schäffer, Adriënne J. A. M. Sips, Robert A. Yokel, Andreas Luch

Pharmaceutical Sciences Faculty Publications

Nanotechnology risk management strategies and environmental regulations continue to rely on hazard and exposure assessment protocols developed for bulk materials, including larger size particles, while commercial application of nanomaterials (NMs) increases. In order to support and corroborate risk assessment of NMs for workers, consumers, and the environment it is crucial to establish the impact of biopersistence of NMs at realistic doses. In the future, such data will allow a more refined categorization of NMs. Despite many experiments on NM characterization and numerous in vitro and in vivo studies, several questions remain unanswered including the influence of biopersistence on the toxicity …

Children’S Exposure To Environmental Toxins: Socioeconomic Factors And Subsequent Effects On Mental Health And Function, Dorothy L. Mcleod

Center for the Human Rights of Children

The physical environment in which children live, including the air they breathe and the water they drink, has a profound influence on their development. While children need many chemicals and nutrients to physically grow and develop normally, others, such as those deemed environmental toxins (e.g. pesticides, lead, mercury, and illicit substances) act instead as a threat to healthy development. These chemicals may have highly toxic effects, and while they are a threat to all individuals, they affect infants and children most severely. In order to provide an introduction to the issue of toxin exposure and mental health outcomes, to highlight …

Causal Pathways From Enteropathogens To Environmental Enteropathy: Findings From The Mal-Ed Birth Cohort Study, Margaret N. Kosek, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Imran Ahmed, Syed Asad Ali, Muneera Rasheed, Sajid Bashir Soofi, Ali Turab, Didar Alam, Shahida Qureshi

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Environmental enteropathy (EE), the adverse impact of frequent and numerous enteric infections on the gut resulting in a state of persistent immune activation and altered permeability, has been proposed as a key determinant of growth failure in children in low- and middle-income populations. A theory-driven systems model to critically evaluate pathways through which enteropathogens, gut permeability, and intestinal and systemic inflammation affect child growth was conducted within the framework of the Etiology, Risk Factors and Interactions of Enteric Infections and Malnutrition and the Consequences for Child Health and Development (MAL-ED) birth cohort study that included children from eight countries. …

Grandparenting In Selected West African Countries: Implications For Health And Hygiene Behaviours In The Household, Joshua Oyeniyi Aransiola Dr, Akanni Ibukun Akinyemi Dr, Ambrose Akinlo Dr, Funmi Togonu-Bickesteeth Prof.

GrandFamilies: The Contemporary Journal of Research, Practice and Policy

This is a descriptive study of the health and hygiene behaviors of grandparents who are the primary caregivers of their grandchildren in four West African countries, Ghana, Liberia, Nigeria, and Sierra Leone. The article utilizes data from each country’s most recent Demographic and Health Survey (DHS). The study identified 20,841 households where grandparents were primary caregivers. As expected, most of these households are in Nigeria given their population exceeds the collective population of the other three West African countries. However, the number of grandfamilies in Ghana, Sierra Leone and Liberia is still worrisome for their population size. In each country, …

Environmental Health News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Receives Grant to Survey Mosquito Control Capacity

Sensemaking, Stakeholder Discord, And Long-Term Risk Communication At A Us Superfund Site, Anna Goodman Hoover

Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Introduction: Risk communication can help reduce exposures to environmental contaminants, mitigate negative health outcomes, and inform community-based decisions about hazardous waste sites. While communication best practices have long guided such efforts, little research has examined unintended consequences arising from such guidelines. As rhetoric informs stakeholder sensemaking, the language used in and reinforced by these guidelines can challenge relationships and exacerbate stakeholder tensions.

Objectives: This study evaluates risk communication at a U.S. Superfund site to identify unintended consequences arising from current risk communication practices.

Methods: This qualitative case study crystallizes data spanning 6 years from three sources: 1) local newspaper coverage …

Students Can Be Important Link Between Academia And Practice, Jason W. Marion, Charles D. Treser

EKU Faculty and Staff Scholarship

Editor’s Note: In an effort to promote the growth of the environmental health profession and the academic programs that fuel that growth, NEHA has teamed up with the Association of Environmental Health Academic Programs (AEHAP) to publish two columns a year in the Journal. AEHAP’s mission is to support environmental health education to ensure the optimal health of people and the environment. The organization works hand in hand with the National Environmental Health Science and Protection Accreditation Council (EHAC) to accredit, market, and promote EHAC-accredited environmental health degree programs. AEHAP focuses on increasing the environmental health workforce, supporting students and …

The Impact Of National Health Insurance Policy To The Implementation Of Health Promotion Program On Public Health Center In Indonesia, Mochamad Iqbal Nurmansyah, Bulent Kilic

Kesmas

Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional (JKN) telah diimplementasikan di Indonesia pada 1 Januari 2014. Hal tersebut membawa beberapa perubahan pada aspek manajerial pada pusat kesehatan masyarakat (puskesmas). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak dari kebijakan JKN terhadap implementasi program promosi kesehatan di puskesmas di Kota Tangerang Selatan, Indonesia. Penelitian menggunakan metode kualitatif. Data dikumpulkan pada Februari – Maret 2016. Dampak program dilihat dalam hal kebijakan, pendanaan, fasilitas, sumber daya manusia dan pelaksanaan program promosi kesehatan. Dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling, enam pengambil kebijakan, delapan pemberi layanan dan delapan penerima layanan diambil sebagai informan dalam penelitian ini. Pada analisis dokumen, 17 dokumen telah …

Effect Of School Community Empowerment Model Towards Handwashing Implementation Among Elementary School Students In Dayeuhkolot Subdistrict, Tetti Solehati, Cecep Eli Kosasih, Sri Susilawati, Mamat Lukman, Sayu Putu Yuni Paryati

Kesmas

Perilaku mencuci tangan dengan sabun di Indonesia masih menjadi masalah. Penyebabnya dikaitkan dengan kurangnya kesadaran dalam mencuci tangan pakai sabun. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pemberdayaan komunitas sekolah terhadap penerapan mencuci tangan di kalangan siswa sekolah dasar di Kecamatan Dayeuhkolot, Kabupaten Bandung. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain quasi eksperimental dengan pretest dan posttest serta melakukan analisis deskriptif dan inferensial. Sampel terdiri dari 24 guru, 377 siswa di kelas 4-6, dan 24 dokter kecil. Metode pendekatan dalam penelitian ini menggunakan usaha kesehatan sekolah terpadu (gabungan model fit for school dan UKS terpilih), yang terdiri dari enam tahap. Instrumen terdiri dari kuesioner …

Acceptance Of Medical Resume Completion At Dr. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang Psychiatric Hospital, Silvia Shinta Devi, Aryo Dewanto, Lukman Hakim

Kesmas

Sistem kesehatan di Indonesia mengalami perubahan besar dengan diberlakukannya program Asuransi Kesehatan Nasional. Resume medis memiliki peran penting dalam klaim asuransi kesehatan, sehingga resume medis yang terlambat dan tidak lengkap akan mengganggu proses klaim asuransi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh persepsi kemudahan penggunaan, persepsi manfaat, dan sikap pada penerimaan dokter dalam menyelesaikan resume medis. di Dr Radjiman Wedyodiningrat Psychiatric Hospital Lawang berdasarkan Technology Acceptance Model. Technology Acceptance Model digunakan sebagai model dalam penelitian ini karena resume medis merupakan salah satu bentuk teknologi informasi yang masih dilakukan secara manual. Pengumpulan data untuk penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Maret 2016 dengan …

Risk Factors Of Carpal Tunnel Syndrome In Food-Packing Workers Karanganyar, Haris Setyawan

Kesmas

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) terjadi ketika saraf median, yang membentang dari lengan bawah ke tangan, mengalami tekanan atau terpuntir di pergelangan tangan. Hasilnya mungkin sakit, kelemahan atau mati rasa di tangan dan pergelangan tangan, yang memancar ke lengan tangan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor risiko usia, jenis kelamin, masa kerja dan gerakan repetitif terhadap keluhan CTS pada pekerja pengepakan makanan di Karanganyar. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Oktober – Desember 2014 menggunakan desain observational analitik dengan penelitian potong lintang. Sampel terdiri dari 50 orang dari total 67 pekerja pengepak makanan di kawasan industri Jaten Karanganyar yang diambil dengan menggunakan …

Psychosocial Determinants Of Risky Sexual Behavior Among Senior High School Students In Merauke District, Fenny Etrawati, Evi Martha, Rita Damayanti

Kesmas

Remaja usia 10-24 tahun merupakan kelompok yang rentan terhadap perilaku seksual pranikah, penyalahgunaan narkoba dan infeksi HIV/AIDS. Papua merupakan penyumbang angka HIV/AIDS terbesar di Indonesia. Untuk menanggulangi permasalahan tersebut Rutgers WPF membentuk suatu program intervensi kesehatan reproduksi remaja di tingkat sekolah menengah atas (SMA) yakni program Dunia Remajaku Seru! (DAKU!). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui determinan psikososial perilaku seksual berisiko pada siswa SMA di Kabupaten Merauke dengan menggunakan pendekatan potong lintang. Sampel berjumlah 1.364 siswa SMA kelas dua yang mendapatkan program DAKU!dan dilakukan proses pencocokan pada sekolah yang tidak mendapat program DAKU!. Analisis data meliputi analisis univariat, bivariat (uji kai …

Nurses’ Intention And Behavior In Reporting Adverse Event: Application Of Theory Of Planned Behavior, Ni Putu Ekayani, Viera Wardhani, Asih Tri Rachmi

Kesmas

Data menunjukkan bahwa secara global jumlah pelaporan insiden keselamatan pasien masih rendah, begitu juga di Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu, Jawa Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh antara sikap, norma subjektif, dan perceived behavioral control (PBC) terhadap niat dan untuk menentukan hubungan antara PBC dan niat terhadap perilaku perawat dalam melaporkan kejadian tidak diharapkan (KTD). Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan potong lintang dan dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu pada tanggal 16-31 Maret 2016. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang dibagikan kepada 82 (dari 85) perawat yang bekerja di Rumah Sakit Baptis Batu. Data dianalisis menggunakan regresi linier berganda dan …

Risk Factors Of Premature Rupture Of Membrane, Maryuni Maryuni, Dedeh Kurniasih

Kesmas

Angka kematian ibu di Indonesia berdasarkan Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012 sebanyak 359 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup. Penyebab kematian ibu tersebut masih didominasi oleh pendarahan, pre-eklampsia/eklampsia, dan infeksi. Salah satu penyebab infeksi adalah ketuban pecah dini (KPD). KPD dapat meningkatkan morbiditas dan mortalitas pada ibu dan anak. Insiden kejadian KPD sekitar 10,7% dari seluruh persalinan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor risiko kejadian KPD di Rumah Sakit Ibu dan Anak (RSIA) ANNISA Citeureup, Kabupaten Bogor tahun 2014. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik dengan rancangan penelitian kasus kontrol. Sampel terdiri dari 114 orang kasus ibu yang mengalami KPD …

Evaluation Of Momentum Male Sterilization Service Effectiveness As An Attempt To Reach Muri Record, Endah Winarni, Muhammad Dawam

Kesmas

Pencapaian Program KB di Sumatera Utara kurang menggembirakan. Total Fertility Rate Sumatera Utara (3,0) lebih tinggi dibandingkan nasional (2,6); dan prevalensi kontrasepsi (55,9 %) lebih rendah dibandingkan nasional (61,9%). Sebagai salah satu strategi peningkatan kesertaan KB, pelayanan momentum sterilisasi pria dikhawatirkan tidak memenuhi standar pelayanan karena dikaitkan dengan rekor MURI. Evaluasi ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan kualitas pelaksanaan pelayanan dan kepuasan akseptor sterilisasi pria. Evaluasi bersifat kualitatif dan kuantitatif dilakukan secara potong lintang terhadap petugas KB, calon akseptor dan akseptor yang mendapat tindakan sterilisasi pada pelayanan momentum di 13 fasilitas kesehatan di Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara pada 23-24 Oktober 2012. Data …

The Scoping Review Method: Mapping The Literature In “Structural Change” Public Health Interventions, Rosie Hanneke, Yuka Asada, Lisa D. Lieberman, Leah Christina Neubauer, Michael C. Fagan

Department of Public Health Scholarship and Creative Works

This case discusses how we used scoping review methodology to map the literature in an emergent area of research, “structural change” public health interventions. Scoping reviews are similar to systematic reviews in both scale and rigor; both of these literature review methodologies are comprehensive approaches to reviewing the literature on a topic. However, while a systematic review attempts to answer a specific, targeted research question, a scoping review is designed to map and categorize all of the literature on a broad topic. For this reason, it is an excellent method to employ in emergent research areas, in which researchers have …

Environmental Health News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Receives $15,000 grant to Study Reference Collection of Borrelia
• Georgia Southern Receives Grant to Study Nanoparticle Levels and Field Evaluation of N-95 Respirator Masks in Construction Sites

Malondialdehyde-Acetaldehyde (Maa) Adducted Surfactant Protein Induced Lung Inflammation Is Mediated Through Scavenger Receptor A (Sr-A1)., Muna Sapkota, Jane M. Devasure, Kusum K. Kharbanda, Todd A. Wyatt

Journal Articles: Environmental, Agricultural & Occupational Health

BACKGROUND: Co-exposure to cigarette smoke and alcohol leads to the generation of high concentrations of acetaldehyde and malondialdehyde in the lung. These aldehydes being highly electrophilic in nature react with biologically relevant proteins such as surfactant protein D (SPD) through a Schiff base reaction to generate SPD adducted malondialdehyde-acetaldehyde adduct (SPD-MAA) in mouse lung. SPD-MAA results in an increase in lung pro-inflammatory chemokine, keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC), and the recruitment of lung lavage neutrophils. Previous in vitro studies in bronchial epithelial cells and macrophages show that scavenger receptor A (SR-A1/CD204) is a major receptor for SPD-MAA. No studies have yet examined …

Neighborhood Environment And Falls Among Community-Dwelling Older Adults, Emily Nicklett, Matthew Lohman, Matthew Smith

Dartmouth Scholarship

Falls present a major challenge to active aging, but the relationship between neighborhood factors and falls is poorly understood. This study examined the relationship between fall events and neighborhood factors, including neighborhood social cohesion (sense of belonging, trust, friendliness, and helpfulness) and physical environment (vandalism/graffiti, rubbish, vacant/deserted houses, and perceived safety walking home at night).

High Prevalence Of Toxigenic Clostridium Difficile In Public Space Lawns In Western Australia, Peter Moono, Su Chen Lim, Thomas V. Riley

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Clostridium difficile is a well-established hospital pathogen. Recently, it has been detected increasingly in patients without hospital contact. Given this rise in community associated infections with C. difficile, we hypothesized that the environment could play an important role in transmission of spores outside the hospital. Lawn samples (311) collected in public spaces in the metropolitan area of Perth, Western Australia, from February to June 2016 were cultured for C. difficile. C. difficile was isolated from the samples by direct and enrichment culture, and characterized by standard molecular methods using toxin gene PCR and ribotyping. The overall prevalence of …

Environmental Health News, Georgia Southern University

Biostatistics, Epidemiology & Environmental Health Sciences: News & Publications (2011-2018)

• Georgia Southern Partners to Assess Risk Factors for Public Swimming Pools
• Georgia Southern Conducts a Preliminary Examination of Blood Lead Levels in Rural Georgia

System-Dynamics Modeling Of Source Mass-Depletion And Risk-Exposure Evolution For Natural Attenuation Processes In The Vadose Zone, Aspasia Kalomoiri, Agamemnon Koutsospyros, Washington Braida, Julius Pavlov

Civil Engineering Faculty Publications

Public health is potentially at risk after a contaminant of concern (COC) is released into the ecosphere. The extent of contamination depends on numerous factors; modeling a contaminant’s dynamic behavior is challenging, given the multitude of relevant parameters and the fluid nature of processes involved. For example, weather events (e.g., wet or dry periods) may affect the mass depletion and the fate and transport of COCs, and hence, the risk assessment of current and potential future exposures. Thus, to give realistic estimates for potential risks, a contaminant’s dynamic behavior must be taken into account in decision-making processes. In this paper, …

Lead Poisoning In Scott County: Seeking Advice From Their “Sister City", Caitlin Slone, Palisha Ranjit, Elizabeth Farwell, Rachel Haecherl, Christine Golaszewski

2016-2017: Scott County, Iowa and the Scott County Health Department

No abstract provided.