Psychiatry and Psychology Commons^™

Found Object/Readymade Art In The Treatment Of Trauma And Loss, Michal Bat Or, Orna Megides

Journal of Clinical Art Therapy

Found object/readymade art is a familiar expressive medium in art therapy that has been insufficiently explored. The present article theoretically and clinically examines Found object/readymade art as a progressive therapeutic intervention in the treatment of trauma and loss. It aims to show how creating found object/readymade art enables the client to encounter and contain damaged/disconnected memories and provides a space for integrating and meaning-making in the face of rupture and loss. This is discussed through a review of found object/readymade art medium in the history of art and in art therapy and by phenomenological observation of its creating process. Specific …

Exploring Ranges, Tensions, And Potential Integrations: Editorial Notes For Jcat’S 3rd Edition, Einat Metzl

Journal of Clinical Art Therapy

No abstract provided.

Front Matter

Journal of Clinical Art Therapy

No abstract provided.

Book Review: Madness In Civilization: A Cultural History Of Insanity From The Bible To Freud, From The Madhouse To Modern Medicine, Edward Cohen

Faculty Publications

A review of: Scull, Andrew. (2015). Madness in civilization: A cultural history of insanity from the Bible to Freud, from the madhouse to modern medicine. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. 448 pp. $39.50 (Hardback), ISBN 978-0-691-16615-5.

Developing A Data Repository Of Standard Concussion Assessment Clinical Data For Research Involving College Athletes, Arthur C. Maerlender, Jennifer Mize Nelson, Julie A. Honaker

Center for Brain, Biology, and Behavior: Faculty Publications

In sports concussion research, obtaining quality data from a sufficient number of participants to reach statistical power has been a particular problem. In addition, the necessary requirements of accessibility, informed consent, and confidentiality must be met. There is need to develop more efficient and controlled methods for collecting data to answer research questions in this realm, but the ability to collect and store these data in an efficient manner at the local level is limited. By virtue of their training, neuropsychologists can play a key role in improving data collection quality. The purpose of this paper is to describe a …

Variability Of Behavioral Chronotypes Of 16 Mammalian Species Under Controlled Conditions, Roberto Refinetti

Psychological Sciences Faculty Publications and Presentations

Human chronotypes (differences in preference for early or late rising each day) have been extensively studied in recent years, but no attempt has been made to compare human chronotypes with the chronotypes of other animal species. We evaluated behavioral chronotypes in 16 mammalian species along a body size gradient of five orders of magnitude (from mice to cattle). Individuals of all species were studied under a 12L:12D photoperiod in a thermoneutral environment with food and water available at all times. Rhythms of locomotor activity were analyzed for onset time, acrophase, and robustness. Neither of these rhythmic parameters was significantly related …

The Positive Psychology Of Maritime Health, Joanne Mcveigh, Malcolm Mclachlan, Bill Kavanagh

Articles

The remote, isolated, confined, and safety-critical environment of seafaring exposes seafarers to a very specific assortment of stressors. Research suggests that seafarers as a professional group are amongst those at high risk for stress and associated mental health conditions. This article explores positive psychology as an approach to supporting wellbeing at sea. Positive psychology may support health, positive attitudes and productive work behaviour; however it cannot and should not be employed as a means of inoculating seafarers against the negative consequences of fundamentally unreasonable work practices. Rather, positive psychology can help seafarers thrive in an overall context that recognises and …

Risk Factors Leading To Increased Recidivism Rates Among Adolescents Admitted To An Acute Care Child And Adolescent Psychiatric Hospital, Logan Mccarthy, Jonathan Cayce, Lisa Pullen

Doctoral Projects

The purpose of this study is to identify risk factors that may increase recidivism among adolescents admitted to an acute child and adolescent psychiatric hospital. A chart review was performed on 98 adolescent clients admitted to an acute psychiatric hospital, in order to gather data on the potential risk factors of gender, length of stay, diagnoses, living situation, history of a suicide attempt, history of self-harming behavior, history of trauma and abuse, reason for admission, history of previous admissions, presence of outpatient services, and family mental health history. Clients readmitted to the hospital within a 12 month time frame were …

The Derivation Of Sea Surface Velocities From Satellite Imagery Using Maximum Cross Correlation (Mcc), Philip Lawrence

The Plymouth Student Scientist

An investigation into the use of cross-correlation statistics to resolve surface velocities from satellite imagery was conducted for the region characterised by the Benguela current at approximately 24oS - 28oS and 9oE - 17oE for July 14th and 15th 2011. Colour images depicting concentrations for chlorophyll_a taken by the MODIS sensor and provided by NASA’s Ocean Color Browser, were used to conduct the statistical analysis using distinguishable surface colour features as tracers. Three runs using different parameter values for the cross correlation were carried out and the output vector fields examined. The first run produced 126 vectors with mean u …

"It's Such A Battle": A Phenomenological Account Of Raising A Child On The Autistic Spectrum - A Battle With Bureaucracy And Behaviour, Tara Vassallo

The Plymouth Student Scientist

A sharp rise in the prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), has led to it becoming one of the most widely researched neurodevelopmental conditions. Although the predominant focus in autism research is child centred, research on parent outcomes has highlighted considerable impact, in terms of parent’s mental health and wellbeing. Previous studies have shown that parents of children with autism suffer extremes of distress, in excess of that of parents of children with other disabilities. However, why this is so is less understood. Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to analyse data, gathered from semi-structured interviews of seven parents raising children …

Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Alters Auditory-Motor Integration For Voice Control, Weifeng Li, Ziyi Chen, Nan Yan, Jeffery A. Jones, Zhiqiang Guo, Xiyan Huang, Shaozhen Chen, Peng Liu, Hanjun Liu

Psychology Faculty Publications

Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common drug-refractory focal epilepsy in adults. Previous research has shown that patients with TLE exhibit decreased performance in listening to speech sounds and deficits in the cortical processing of auditory information. Whether TLE compromises auditory-motor integration for voice control, however, remains largely unknown. To address this question, event-related potentials (ERPs) and vocal responses to vocal pitch errors (1/2 or 2 semitones upward) heard in auditory feedback were compared across 28 patients with TLE and 28 healthy controls. Patients with TLE produced significantly larger vocal responses but smaller P2 responses than healthy controls. Moreover, …

Hiv-1 Transgenic Rat: Selective Alterations In Motivation And Histological Examination Of Medium Spiny Neurons Of The Nucleus Accumbens, Michael N. Cranston

Theses and Dissertations

Motivational alterations in HIV-1+ individuals are associated with decreased performance on tasks involving frontal-subcortical circuitry and the nucleus accumbens. In the present study, the HIV-1 transgenic (Tg) rat was used to assess long-term HIV-1 viral protein exposure on motivated behavior using activity chambers (40x40cm) and voluntary wheel running. Adult ovariectomized female HIV-1 Tg animals (n=21) to F344 controls (n=26) were pair-housed under a 12:12 light/dark cycle. Voluntary running was measured with 34 cm-diameter running wheels for ~60 minutes/day for 3 ½ months. There were no significant differences between HIV-1 Tg and F344 control rats in voluntary wheel running during the …

Phonological And Orthographic Repetition Effects Across Words In Adult Skilled Sentence Reading: An Eye Movement Analysis, Ti Yan

Theses and Dissertations

Visual word recognition is central to skilled silent reading. This project investigated the situation in which two words within a sentence share phonological information. Previous eye movement reading studies have made attempts to understand how prior exposure to a word could influence the speed of recognizing another phonologically and/or orthographically similar word. Results have been accounted for by different visual word recognition models which agree on the competition among similar words in the lexicon. However, a closer inspection revealed several concerns. First, there is little direct evidence demonstrating the across-word effect in normal reading. Second, the existing work in English …

An Evaluation Of An Assessment Of Check-In/Check-Out With Children Who Are Homeless In An After School Care Program, Ana Paula Camacho

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Schoolwide Positive Behavior Interventions and Support (SWPBIS) is an approach designed to improve the correct implementation, consistent use, and maintenance of evidence-based practices related to behavior, classroom management and school discipline systems. Check-in/Check-out (CICO) is often recognized as a successful intervention in SWPBIS. However, most of the research on the use of CICO has focused on the school setting. This study provided an extension to the literature by examining the effects of the CICO program with homeless children attending an afterschool program. A non-concurrent multiple baseline across participants design was used to evaluate the CICO program effects. Students were exposed …

Evaluating Video Modeling To Teach Caregivers To Conduct Paired-Stimulus Preference Assessments, Cristina Diane Andersen

USF Tampa Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Stimulus preference assessments have been shown to identify stimuli that are likely to function as reinforcers for individuals with disabilities. It is important to identify these stimuli to increase the effectiveness of interventions. The ability to conduct a stimulus preference assessment is a skill that parents and caregivers should have. Research on training preference assessments is limited to staff, teachers, and students. The following study evaluated the effectiveness of video modeling to teach caregivers to conduct paired stimulus preference assessments. The results showed that video modeling was effective and that the results maintained during a one week follow up.

Psychological Inflexibility Predicts Attitudes Toward Syrian Refugees And National Security Policies, Arthur T. Hatton Sr., Michael Nielsen

Psychology: Faculty Presentations (2009-2022)

Our research examines whether psychological inflexibility predicts support for national security policies that limit civil liberties, unfairly target Muslims, and exclude Syrian refugees from entering the country. New research has suggested that high psychological inflexibility may be implicated in prejudice (Vilardaga, Estevez, Levin, & Hayes, 2012). According to that theory, inflexibility may contribute to discriminatory behaviors because it describes a person's tendency to engage in behaviors aimed at down-regulating internal distress. Recently, an enormous number of refugees from Syria have relocated from Syria into the EU, other Middle Eastern Countries, and in the United States. A political backlash to both …

Somatic And Vicarious Pain Are Represented By Dissociable Multivariate Brain Patterns, Anjali Krishnan, Choong-Wan Woo, Luke J. Chang, Luka Ruzic, Xiaosi Gu, Marina Lopez-Sola, Philip L. Jackson, Jesus Pujol, Jin Fan, Tor D. Wager

Publications and Research

Understanding how humans represent others’ pain is critical for understanding pro-social behavior. ‘Shared experience’ theories propose common brain representations for somatic and vicarious pain, but other evidence suggests that specialized circuits are required to experience others’ suffering. Combining functional neuroimaging with multivariate pattern analyses, we identified dissociable patterns that predicted somatic (high versus low: 100%) and vicarious (high versus low: 100%) pain intensity in out-of-sample individuals. Critically, each pattern was at chance in predicting the other experience, demonstrating separate modifiability of both patterns. Somatotopy (upper versus lower limb: 93% accuracy for both conditions) was also distinct, located in somatosensory versus …

A Public Health-Based Approach To German Gaming Regulation, Knut Walter, Gerhard Buehringer

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

The current situation of the German gambling market can be characterized by an unrelated framework of different legal systems, different regulatory authorities and different control principles, and has led to (1) an increasing number of court decisions and information requests by European Commission questioning parts of that regulatory system, (2) public tolerance of illicit gambling, and consequently (3) a lack of consumer protection.

Taking RENO Model 1.0 and 2.0 seriously, a new and comprehensive regulatory framework based on common consumer protection standards for all types of gambling – land-based and online, state-owned and private operated – has been developed and …

Facing Our Demons: Psychiatric Perspectives On Exorcism Rituals, Joel R. Sanford

The Hilltop Review

Belief in possession by malevolent spirits exists in many cultures and religions throughout the world, and such beliefs often serve as explanations for a variety of psychological and emotional afflictions. Traditional remedies in these cases often involve exorcism rituals, which are believed to expel spirits from a person's mind and/or body. Some of the cases commonly attributed to involuntary spirit possession are diagnosed within the psychiatric community as schizophrenia or some sort of dissociative disorder and treated with psychotherapy and/or medicine. For some in the psychiatric community, exorcisms and their use by patients are viewed as problematic due to their …

Etiology And Stability Of Problem Gambling, Robert Williams, Rachel A. Volberg

International Conference on Gambling & Risk Taking

Prevention of problem gambling hinges on having research that clearly identifies the variables that are etiologically involved, their temporal sequence, and their causal connections. Longitudinal research is the best way of disentangling the chronology and causal relationships between variables. The present research describes the results of the two major longitudinal studies of gambling in Canada: the Quinte Longitudinal Study (QLS) (n = 4,121) and the Leisure, Lifestyle, Lifecycle Project (LLLP) (n = 1,808). The first part of the presentation describes the stability of gambling classifications over a 5 year period. This is followed by an identification of the univariate and …

Unconfessing Transgender: Dysphoric Youths And The Medicalization Of Madness In John Gower’S “Tale Of Iphis And Ianthe”, M W. Bychowski

Accessus

On the brink of the twenty-first century, Judith Butler argues in “Undiagnosing Gender” that the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) defines the psychiatric condition of “Gender Identity Disorder” (or “Gender Dysphoria”) in ways that control biological diversity and construct “transgender” as a marginalized identity. By turning the study of gender away from vulnerable individuals and towards the broader systems of power, Butler works to liberate bodies from the medical mechanisms managing difference and precluding potentially disruptive innovations in forms of life and embodiment by creating categories of gender and disability.

Turning to the brink of the 15 …

Reflection, Interrupted: Material Mirror Work In The Confessio Amantis, Jenny Boyar

Accessus

The Confessio Amantis concludes with a revelatory scene in which Venus holds up a mirror to Amans, allowing him to recognize John Gower the poet— a moment that is often read as a mimetic and healing counterpoint to the Confessio’s sickness and self-questioning. My intention in this paper is to very slightly modify certain aspects of this narrative, to consider how the materiality of the mirror can inform its metaphoric deployments in the Confessio. I organize my discussion around two seemingly contrasting moments in the poem in which the self is seen and in different ways recognized through …

Becoming Serpent: Mapping Coils Of Paranoia In A Neocolonial Security State, Rachel J. Liebert

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

What follows is a feminist, decolonial experiment to map the un/settling circulation of paranoia – how it is done, what it does, what it could do – within contemporary conditions of US white supremacy. Drawing on participant observation, interviewing, scientific artifacts, reflexive journaling, and a public art project, I enter white supremacy through a burgeoning form of pre-emptive psy to capture ‘the prodrome’ – a stage-cum-population-cum-figure at the center of a transnational program of research to identify and intervene on ‘pre-psychosis’. I argue that this nascent, contested, and accelerating movement is enacting a contemporary transition from …

Psychological And Psychiatric Comorbidities Associated With Tinnitus: A Systematic Review, Shanna Hymowitz

Dissertations, Theses, and Capstone Projects

The purpose of this systematic literature review was to examine the current literature evidence pertaining to the relationship between tinnitus and psychological and psychiatric comorbidities. Literature was found discussing the prevalence of tinnitus with psychological and psychiatric comorbidities, differences in self-reports, and whether the perception of tinnitus is aided with the use of psychological counseling and psychotropic medications. Relative search strings applied to Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline Complete, and PubMed identified studies to be included in this review. (Will put total amount of studies found once collected). An assessment of all research literature found …

Neuroanatomical Alterations In High-Functioning Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorder, Tehila Eilam-Stock, Tingting Wu, Alfredo Spagna, Laura J. Egan, Jin Fan

Publications and Research

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a pervasive neurodevelopmental condition, affecting cognition and behavior throughout the life span. With recent advances in neuroimaging techniques and analytical approaches, a considerable effort has been directed toward identifying the neuroanatomical underpinnings of ASD. While gray-matter abnormalities have been found throughout cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar regions of affected individuals, there is currently little consistency across findings, partly due to small sample-sizes and great heterogeneity among participants in previous studies. Here, we report voxel-based morphometry of structural magnetic resonance images in a relatively large sample of high-functioning adults with ASD (n = 66) and matched …

Association Between Quality Of Life And Anxiety, Depression, Physical Activity And Physical Performance In Maintenance Hemodialysis Patients., Yi-Nan Li, Bryan Shapiro, Jun Chul Kim, Min Zhang, Janos Porszasz, Rachelle Bross, Usama Feroze, Rajeev Upreti, David Martin, Kamyar Kalantar-Zadeh, Joel David Kopple

Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: Maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) patients often have impaired quality of life (QOL), anxiety, depression, and reduced daily physical activity (DPA) and physical performance. The contributions of these latter factors to reduced QOL in MHD are poorly understood. We examined the association of QOL with anxiety, depression, DPA, and physical performance.

METHODS: Seventy-two relatively healthy adult MHD patients, vintage ≥6 months, and 39 normals of similar age range and gender distribution were studied. QOL was assessed using the Kidney Disease Quality of Life-Short Form (KDQOL-SF). Anxiety and depression were each evaluated with two questionnaires. DPA and physical performance were assessed with …

National Trends In Off-Label Use Of Atypical Antipsychotics In Children And Adolescents In The United States, Minji Sohn, Daniela C. Moga, Karen Blumenschein, Jeffery C. Talbert

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

The objectives of the study were as follows: to examine the national trend of pediatric atypical antipsychotic (AAP) use in the United States; to identify primary mental disorders associated with AAPs; to estimate the strength of independent associations between patient/provider characteristics and AAP use. Data are from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. First, average AAP prescription rates among 4 and 18-year-old patients between 1993 and 2010 were estimated. Second, data from 2007 to 2010 were combined and analyzed to identify primary mental disorders related to AAP prescription. Third, a multivariate logistic …

Partner Interfering Behaviors Affecting Cancer Quality Of Life, Ann L. Coker, Diane R. Follingstad, Lisandra S. Garcia, Heather M. Bush

Obstetrics and Gynecology Faculty Publications

Objective: Because partners are an important and unpaid resource in cancer care, understanding how destructive, controlling or interfering partner behaviors influence women's cancer care may be particularly relevant for health care providers seeking to provide cancer care and enhance recovery. Using a new measure of partner interfering behaviors in cancer care (PIB-C), we investigated whether women with a recent cancer diagnosis who additionally endorsed any PIB-C would report (a) more symptoms of depression and stress, and (b) lower Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy (FACT-G) and lower Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-being (FACIT-SP) scale scores indicating poorer quality of …

Piloting A Screening Tool For Eating And Eating-Related Behavior, Michael N. Reynolds

Dissertations

Obesity is a common medical condition associated with negative health and social outcomes. Obesity has a primary malleable behavioral cause, eating more calories than are metabolized. While metabolic rate is malleable with exercise, eating can more quickly add calories than exercising can subtract them. In the past, behavioral weight-loss treatment studies relied on multi-component package interventions that have shown reliable patterns of participant weight-loss during treatment and weight-regain in follow-up. Those findings could be conceptualized as an ABA withdrawal design, eating behavior returns to baseline after the prosthetic contingencies of the treatment study are withdrawn. We must develop ways to …

Portable Sensory Room For The West Orange County Consortium For Special Education, Lindsey Chase, Emma Eskildsen, Alex Fox, Claire Francis, Nate Hoffman, Kaylee Keck, Sarah Sullivan

Biomedical Engineering

This report discusses the development of a Portable Sensory Room to be used at Newland Elementary School in Huntington Beach. Newland Elementary has an exceptional Special Needs program that teaches the children with the most severe cases of autism in its school district. People with autism typically also have sensory processing disorders, which can be extremely disruptive for a child’s development and can make it difficult for a child to be able to concentrate long enough to gain necessary life skills. The idea behind a Sensory Rooms is to create a place to calm the students and to expose them …